Browse Topic: Electrical, Electronics, and Avionics

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Vehicular accident reconstruction is intended to explain the stages of a collision. This also includes the description of the driving trajectories of vehicles. Stored driving data is now often available for accident reconstruction, increasingly including gyroscopic sensor readings. Driving dynamics parameters such as lateral acceleration in various driving situations are already well studied, but angular rates such as those around the yaw axis are little described in the literature. This study attempts to reduce this gap somewhat by evaluating high-frequency measurement data from real, daily driving operations in the field. 813 driving maneuvers, captured by accident data recorders, were analyzed in detail and statistically evaluated. These devices also make it possible to record events without an accident. The key findings show the average yaw rates as a function of driving speed as well as the ratio between mean and associated peak yaw rate. Beyond that, considerably lower yaw rates
Fuerbeth, Uwe
Trajectory planning is a major challenge in robotics and autonomous vehicles, ensuring both efficient and safe navigation. The primary objective of this work is to generate an optimal trajectory connecting a starting point to a destination while meeting specific requirements, such as minimizing travel distance and adhering to the vehicle’s kinematic and dynamic constraints. The developed algorithms for trajectory design, defined as a sequence of arcs and straight segments, offer a significant advantage due to their low computational complexity, making them well-suited for real-time applications in autonomous navigation. The proposed trajectory model serves as a benchmark for comparing actual vehicle paths in trajectory control studies. Simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method across various scenarios.
Soundouss, HalimaMsaaf, MohammedBelmajdoub, Fouad
Recent studies have investigated head injury metrics, including mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion risks, in low- to moderate-speed rear-end collisions, with linear and angular head accelerations contributing to the risk of developing a concussion. The present study analyzes head acceleration values in rear-end collisions at an impact severity of 5–30 km/h delta-V. Biomechanical data was obtained from HIII 50th percentile male anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) seated in the target subject vehicles and utilizing safety restraints and head rests. Concussion risks were calculated from resultant linear and angular head accelerations recorded in the ATDs, and a linear regression model was used to determine what, if any, relationship existed between these head injury metrics and impact severity. The results indicate that there is a significant and positive relationship between head acceleration metrics and impact severity, particularly in the sagittal plane, with F-values
Garcia, BeatrizEmanet, Hatice SeydaHoffman, Austin
This article aims to analyze and evaluate the roll safety thresholds (RSTs) and roll safety zones of tractor semi-trailer vehicles during turning maneuvers, using the roll safety factor (RSF) and yaw rate of the vehicle bodies. To achieve this, a full dynamics model is established using the multibody system method. This model is then used to survey and evaluate the vehicle’s motion state, using ramp steer maneuver (RSM) steering rules. In each survey case, the maximum values of RSF and yaw rate of vehicle bodies are synthesized in 3D data, with an initial velocity range of 40 km/h to 80 km/h and a magnitude of steering wheel angle range of 12.5° to 300°. These 3D data are used to determine the proposed values of RSF, which can be used as examples to set the threshold values of the yaw rate of vehicle bodies and roll safety zones. At a velocity of 60 km/h, the dynamic rollover threshold for proposed roll safety factor (RSFprop) is equal to 1, with corresponding values of 15.718°/s and
Hung, Ta Tuan
Letter from the Guest Editors
Zhu, Shun-PengZhan, ZhenfeiHuang, Shiyao
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