Browse Topic: Electrical, Electronics, and Avionics

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J1979 DBCJ1979DBC_202609To be published on 09/07/2026
The SAE J1979 DBC file contains decoding rules for converting raw J1979 data to 'physical values' (Mph, %, etc.). This file lets you easily decode data from heavy duty vehicles (trucks, buses, tractors, etc.). This DBC file download includes: The SAE J1979 DBC file with Includes 2,400+ Parameter Group Numbers (PGNs) and 16,000+ Suspect Parameter Numbers (SPNs), derived from the J1979 Digital Annex (DA) released in September 2026. One legal license (1 user, 1 PC) matching the DA license DECODE J1979: Convert J1979 data in wide range of software/API tools REVIEW FIRST: Use our CAN ID converter to check if your PGNs are covered CROWD INPUT: Benefit from free corrections based on large user base SAVE HOURS: Avoid manually constructing the DBC file from scratch Improved Accuracy & Reliability A fully standardized DBC file ensures precise signal decoding, eliminating errors and ensuring reliable data interpretation. Interoperability Seamlessly compatible with many different software stacks, enabling frictionless adoption and significantly expanding market reach. Partnership with Vector Informatik GmbH Works seamlessly with Vector’s free software (CANdb++), used by over 90% of the industry, with free download link provided on SAEI’s J1979DBC file landing page. What is a DBC file? A DBC file is a standardized method for storing the "rules" on how to interpret raw CAN bus data. It contains details on what 'signals' (e.g. RPM, Vehicle Speed, …) are contained within which 'messages' (i.e. CAN IDs). In the J1979 standard, messages are referred to as Parameter Group Numbers (PGN) and signals as Suspect Parameter Numbers (SPN). Further, a DBC file includes names, descriptions, positions, and lengths of the signals - as well as how to offset & scale them.
Validation Study of the Jaguar Land Rover Aerodynamic Computational Fluid Dynamics Process Using Metric-Based Assessment Criteria2026-01-5072To be published on 09/03/2026
Credibility of simulation data has always been fundamental in aerodynamic vehicle development, as a significant amount of early design phase work is conducted virtually before a physical test property is made. As the automotive industry pivots toward artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to assist in aerodynamic development, training these models with simulation data requires a comprehensive understanding of the accuracy and validity of the underlying simulation. It is critical these systems are trained from reliable data with a full understanding of both the limitations and predictive performance of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) process and the wind tunnel facility it is benchmarked against. Validation and verification studies have been a long-established set of guidelines to determine if the simulation model appropriately reflects reality (validation) or if it has been set with robust numerical schemes, mesh settings, or boundary conditions (verification). The work presented here shows a comprehensive validation study with more than 400 test configurations and 18 vehicle properties. It evaluates Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and detached eddy simulation (DES) approaches using moving reference frame (MRF) and rigid body motion (RBM) to account for wheel rotation and comparing STAR-CCM+ CFD process and the FKFS Aeroacoustic Wind Tunnel (AAWT). The results demonstrate that DES—particularly when wheel rotation is modeled using RBM—provides the highest overall predictive performance, with a drag accuracy from −2% to +4% for 80% of cases with corrections applied, which gets to ±2% for over 95% cases with an additional calibration step. A metric-based assessment criterion that combines key performance metrics into a single detection event (DE) score derived from failure mode effects analysis (FMEA) principles is proposed with an example shown for the 2021 Range Rover Velar. The benefit being that it removes a more judgement-based, qualitative approach, aiding toolset selection and methods development gaps.
Beves, Christopher, Simmonds, Nicholas, Dalmau Graells, Eric
Multi-Scale Investigation of Burn-Through Mechanisms during In-Service Welding of Pipeline Steel2026-99-04098/28/2026
The core challenge of in-service welding repair of oil and gas pipelines is the risk control of burn-through. Current research primarily focuses on macroscopic phenomena, lacking a systematic multi-scale analysis of burn-through mechanisms and their dynamic evolution. Existing criteria are primarily based on qualitative experience, and widely accepted quantitative safety assessment standards have yet to be established. Furthermore, insufficient understanding of multi-scale damage failure mechanisms and weak theoretical foundations have become bottlenecks in this field. This study targets X65 pipeline steel and combines in-service welding experiments with in-situ scanning electron microscope tensile tests to elucidate the formation mechanism of burn-through from a multi- scale perspective. The results show that during in-service welding, the remaining wall thickness of the pipeline continuously decreases with the welding process, ultimately resulting in burn-through holes. On one hand, the welding arc drives the expansion of the hole; on the other hand, the internal pressure of the medium further enlarges the hole, leading to the expulsion of water and rapid pressure loss in the pipeline. Notably, the fusion zone behind the maximum melt depth is subject to high temperatures, which reduces strength and degrades plasticity, exhibiting significant plastic strain, making it a high-risk area for burn-through instability. Before instability occurs, this region shows evident grain coalescence, with plastic deformation primarily occurring through dislocation slip; when the difficulty of activating slip systems increases, twinning deformation may be induced, and large twin grains rarely develop cracks. Strain concentration and crack initiation are more likely to occur between grains with significant orientation differences.
Wang, Bangyu, Qiao, YingJie, Li, Dong, Xu, ShiHang
Synergistic Effect of Matrix Porosity and Grouting Material Type on the Performance of Grouted Composite Pavement2026-99-04058/28/2026
The grouted composite pavement combines the advantages of flexibility and rigidity through the composite structure of organic-inorganic materials, but the optimisation of its performance is affected by the complexity of the matrix asphalt mixture void ratio and grouting material type. This study has revealed the influence of matrix asphalt mixture porosity and grouting material type on the grouting effect and road performance of grouted composite asphalt pavement. The results showed that the increase of matrix porosity could significantly improve the grouting rate and resistance to high-temperature rutting of the mortar, but the high porosity led to a decrease of low temperature cracking resistance of the materials. CA mortar enhanced the flexible deformation capacity by optimising the interfacial bond, and its low-temperature cracking resistance was better than that of ordinary cement mortar, but the grouting efficiency and high-temperature performance were slightly lower. In addition, ordinary cement mortar demonstrated better performance regarding high-temperature stability and resistance to water damage.
He, Mu, Wang, Yan, Ye, Ming, Yu, Chao, Ye, Xiao
Vinylene-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks as Superior Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution over Imine-Linked Counterparts2026-99-04148/28/2026
The scheme of photocatalysis of water, a way of hydrogen generation as a clean, high-efficiency fuel source for aircraft and long-range transport systems has received considerable interest. The development of the covalent organic framework (COF) - derived materials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has since become a research highlight. Compared to traditional methods, photocatalytic hydrogen evolution systems based on COFs can provide ways of generating hydrogen gas without depending upon noble metal catalysts, thereby enhancing the sustainability and prospects of this technology for future aerospace energy applications.In this work, two covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with distinct linkages—a vinylene-linked COF A (via Knoevenagel condensation) and an imine-linked COF B (via Schiff-base reaction)—were designed and synthesized to compare their performance in the photocatalystic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Structural and electrochemical characterizations confirmed that, despite lower crystallinity and specific surface area due to pore blockage, COF A exhibited a suitable band structure for photocatalysis and achieved an HER rate of 56 μmol h^–1 g^–1 under simulated sunlight. In contrast, COF B was ineffective. This study experimentally validates the superior photocatalytic potential of vinylene-linked COFs over imine-linked counterparts for HER, highlighting their potential as non-noble-metal catalysts for aerospace and transport-oriented fuel generation.
Cao, Yijie, Luo, Xin
Effect of Copper Valence and Content in Copper Red Glaze on Its Color Appearance2026-99-04208/28/2026
Copper red glazes have received considerable attention due to their perfect decorative effects and vivid coloration. This paper selected four different formula copper red glazes with different colors of bright red, violet blue, dark red, and gray blue as the samples. Based on the analysis of the colorimeter, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM), a possible coloration mechanism was proposed to explain the variation of glaze colors. The results indicated that the glaze layers were mainly composed of amorphous phases with few quartz diffraction peaks and mainly presented a granulous structure and phase separation. Increasing the content of CaO could cause color changes of the glaze due to the high ionic potential of calcium ions, which could form a unique feature in the glaze melt. In addition, a small amount of calcium phosphate could greatly change the color of the glaze. The phase separation structure of the blue samples was more obvious than that of the red samples, with a phase separation size of less than 100 nm. The formation of droplet phase separation structure in the glaze could lead to Rayleigh scattering and Mie scattering, which made the color of copper red glazes blue and opacified. Increasing the content of Cu0 and decreasing Cu+ could weaken the structural color, which contributes to a* value of the glaze changing from 26.93 to 22.93. At the same content of Cu0, the higher the ratio of Cu+ /Cu2+ is, the less a* value of the glaze is. Finally, the existence of CuSiO3 in the glaze could also make the blue color.
Ding, Erbao, Yang, Mengli, Liu, Nannan, Li, Yabo, Zheng, Ruimiao, Xu, Yan
Synthesis and Performance Study of a High-Workability Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer2026-99-04038/28/2026
This study used hexacarbon polyether (EPEG), acrylic acid (AA), polyethylene glycol maleate (MAPG), and vinyl acetate (VA) as the main raw materials to synthesize a highly workable polycarboxylate superplasticizer (CE-02) under the action of an initiator. The structure of the target product was characterized by FTIR and GPC. Tests showed that under conditions of low water dosage (150 kg), low cementitious material content (220 kg of cement), and poor aggregate gradation, the concrete mixed with CE-02 exhibited an initial slump flow increase of 25 mm, a bleeding rate of 0.6%, no stone exposure, and excellent workability.
Chen, Wenhong, Deng, Lei, Jiang, Yu, Zhang, Bo
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Close-Range Construction of Large-Section Tunnels on Existing Subway2026-99-04258/28/2026
Large-section tunnel construction using the mining method can significantly affect the operational safety of existing metro lines and ground stability, while their non-uniform settlement remains challenging to monitor comprehensively. In this study, the post-station section of a metro project in Chengdu was investigated to elucidate the vertical displacement and ground settlement behavior induced by a large-section tunnel undercrossing an existing metro line. A displacement reconstruction method integrating sparse-point monitoring with a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) was developed to fit the full-field settlement distribution of both the existing line and the ground surface. A finite element model incorporating the existing shield tunnels, station structures, and the newly constructed mined tunnel was established, and the construction process was simulated. The numerical results indicated maximum settlements of 4.42 mm for the existing line and 4.37 mm for the ground surface, with fitting errors below 5.8% and 6.1%, respectively. Physical model tests further validated the approach, yielding maximum settlements of 0.86 mm and 1.01 mm for the existing line and ground surface, respectively, and an average fitting error below 3.5%. Both numerical and experimental findings confirmed that the induced displacements were within a controllable range and that the surrounding strata remained stable. The proposed method enables accurate and intuitive reconstruction of displacement distribution during under-crossing tunnel construction, reducing the number of required monitoring points while maintaining high fitting accuracy.
Wang, Rui, Chen, Jian, Cheng, Tao, Du, Lin, Li, Ruixiao
Simulation of Gas Diffusion in Nanoscale Microchannels at the Parallel Seam-Weld Interface2026-99-04198/28/2026
Driven by the stringent service conditions of aviation, aerospace, and military equipment, parallel seam welding, as an advanced resistance-welding packaging process, has been widely applied in ceramic-metal packages that require high hermeticity, owing to its excellent sealing performance and reliability. In this study, targeting the hermeticity failures that appear in parallel seam-welded ceramic packages after temperature cycling, molecular dynamics simulation is used to systematically investigate helium diffusion in nanoscale interfacial microchannels and its effect on hermeticity. On the LAMMPS platform, a three-region model is constructed that includes a helium-charging region, a wall-channel region composed of Fe, Ni, and Au, and a vacuum leak region. The Lennard-Jones potential is used to describe interatomic interactions, and a thermal-cycling environment conforming to MIL-STD-883, with a temperature range from -50°C to +125°C, is simulated to represent actual service conditions. The simulation results show that when the channel diameter is less than or equal to 1.2 nanometers, the number of leaked helium atoms remains constant at approximately 22 and is not affected by temperature; when the diameter is greater than or equal to 1.6 nanometers, the leakage exhibits significant temperature dependence. For example, in a 2.6-nanometer channel, 212 atoms leak at 423 K and 176 atoms at 223 K. Both leakage flux and leak rate increase markedly with channel size. OVITO analysis confirms that helium diffusion exhibits molecular-flow characteristics; at very small apertures, atomic escape efficiency is limited by the frequency of collisions with the wall. These findings provide insight for improving hermetic packaging and reliability of critical electronics used in aviation, aerospace, and military equipment.
Li, Xiangyang, Gong, Yubing, Zheng, Xianling
A Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of Long-Span Single Conductors Using Meshfree Methods2026-99-04248/28/2026
The free vibration characteristics of long-span transmission conductors form the fundamental basis for vibration control design, as their natural frequencies and mode shapes directly affect line safety and the selection of vibration suppression devices. In this study, the three-dimensional linear free vibration governing equations were derived through functional integration of the kinetic and potential energies by using Hamilton’s variational principle. Compared with the conventional integral transform method, an improved meshfree discretization strategy is proposed: the shape functions are constructed using the moving least squares (MLS) method, while the boundary conditions are treated with a fully transformed approach, thereby converting the partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. Subsequently, a corresponding eigenvalue problem is solved to calculate the first few frequencies of the system, and the effect of conductor natural parameters on these frequencies for the transmission conductor is investigated. The results indicate that the natural frequency decreases when the conductor length becomes larger, and the rate of decrease becomes more gradual as the length increases; it decreases with increasing cross-sectional diameter; it decreases linearly with increasing material density; and it increases linearly with increasing elastic modulus. These findings demonstrate that conductor length, cross-sectional diameter, material density, and elastic modulus all have significant effects on the natural frequency. Among them, length and diameter affect the frequency by altering the conductor’s inertia and structural characteristics, whereas density and elastic modulus govern the frequency from the perspectives of inertia and stiffness, respectively.
Li, Chen, Cheng, Yongfeng, Li, Danyu, Qiu, Gang
Improvement of Cyclic Stability of P2-Na 0.67 Co 0.67 Mn 0.33 O 2 Cathode Material by Al 2 O 3 Coating2026-99-04228/28/2026
P2-type layered oxides are good cathode materials in high-performance sodium-ion batteries since they have desirable two-dimensional ion migration pathways. However, their instability at interfaces and their attenuation as cycles persist also remain a significant challenge. To increase their electrochemical stability, surface coating is also a good plan, but the balance between the coating and ionic conductivity is one of the key challenges. This study constructed an immensely thin layer of alumina (Al2O3) coating, and the influence of the amount of the coating (0.3-1.2 wt percent) on the working of the material was methodically examined. Electrochemical analysis showed that the lowest levels of Al2O3 (0.3 wt) provide the greatest improvement in performance. The optimized sample showed a retention capacity of 96.35 after 100 cycles of operation at 1C, significantly higher compared with samples that had increased coating contents. An analysis of cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy was subsequently done to corroborate the presence of a 0.3 wt% coating, which infected the electrode-electrolyte interface by inhibiting side reactions but minimally obstructing sodium-ion transport and thus promoting reaction reversibility and improved interfacial kinetics. These results highlight the importance of a less-is-more rule when it comes to surface coating and provide a novel understanding of how long-life sodium-ion battery cathodes can be designed by carefully engineered interfaces.
Hu, Chao, Peng, Rui, Zhou, Yu, Zhou, Dengmei, Tian, Liangliang
AVSC Best Practice for ADS Remote Assistance Training and Human FactorsAVSC-I-07-20268/25/2026
AVSC Best Practice for ADS Remote Assistance Training and Human Factors is intended to support the development of processes regarding automated driving system-dedicated vehicle (ADS-DV) remote assistant training, qualification, assessment, and performance-related human factors. It provides information to standardize communication about remote assistance (RA) programs to stakeholders to increase public trust in the operation of ADS-DVs by providing guidance on training for remote assistants.
Automated Vehicle Safety Consortium
CRIMPING TOOL AND ACCESSORIES, 18 VDC BATTERY ELECTRIC, PORTABLE HYDRAULIC, WIRE SIZE 8 TO 00 UN-INSULATED, AND SIZE 8 THRU 2 INSULATED CRIMP BARRELSAS5259/8A (Current)8/24/2026
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Test Guidelines for Assessment of Electrical Insulation Material Aging in a High Voltage SystemARP7375 (Current)8/24/2026
To provide test guidelines, recommendations, and referenced standards for insulation materials in a high energy system especially at high voltages (AC, DC, and PWM) and at operational altitudes, for the purpose of defining/measuring the effects of insulation aging. This document is a part of a family of documents related to the impact of ageing on insulating materials devoted to aviation applications. Aging mechanisms, and the markers to monitor them, have been defined in AIR7374. For sake of brevity, the main conclusions are used here. ARP7375 focuses on the ways to measure these markers on representative samples (either coupons or electrical insulation systems) for aerospace applications.
AE-11 Aging Models for Electrical Insulation in Hi-Enrgy Sys
Resilient Trajectory Tracking Static Output-Feedback Control for Automated Vehicles under Denial-of-Service Attacks10-11-01-00028/24/2026
The safety and reliability of autonomous vehicles are critically linked to network communication quality. Consequently, threats such as Denial-of-Service attacks pose significant risks by disrupting communication between essential components and jeopardizing driving safety. This article presents a robust trajectory tracking control method resilient to such attacks. Utilizing a Linear Parameter–Varying control framework, the method effectively addresses time-varying vehicle speeds and incorporates a norm-bounded strategy to manage tire behavior uncertainties. By employing a Static Output-Feedback scheme, it avoids the need of costly sensors while maintaining a straightforward control structure suitable for real-time implementation. Using Lyapunov’s method, we analyze the system stability under attack conditions, ensuring the controller remains robust against disturbances. The design of the resilient controller is formulated as a convex optimization problem with Linear Matrix Inequalities constraints. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is validated through co-simulation in MATLAB/CarSim®, where it outperforms several state-of-the-art controllers across different driving scenarios, maintaining consistent tracking performance despite varying attack severity levels.
Meléndez-Useros, Miguel, Viadero-Monasterio, Fernando, Nguyen, Anh-Tu, López-Boada, María Jesús
WIRE, ELECTRICAL, FLUOROPOLYMER-INSULATED CROSSLINKED MODIFIED ETFE, LOW FLUORIDE, NORMAL WEIGHT, 80 MICROINCH SILVER-COATED COPPER 200 °C, 600 VOLT, ROHSAS22759/50C (Current)8/18/2026
AE-8D Wire and Cable Committee
WIRE, ELECTRICAL, FLUOROPOLYMER-INSULATED, CROSSLINKED MODIFIED ETFE, LOW FLUORIDE, LIGHTWEIGHT, 80 MICROINCH SILVER-COATED HIGH-STRENGTH COPPER ALLOY, 200 °C, 600 VOLT, ROHSAS22759/47C (Current)8/18/2026
AE-8D Wire and Cable Committee
Unshielded High Voltage Primary CableJ1654_202608 (Current)8/18/2026
This SAE Standard covers unshielded cable, 22 gauge and larger, intended for use at a nominal system voltage up to 600 V or 1000 V (ACrms or DC). It is intended for use in surface vehicle electrical systems.
Cable Standards Committee
WIRE, ELECTRICAL, FLUOROPOLYMER-INSULATED CROSSLINKED MODIFIED ETFE, LOW FLUORIDE, LIGHTWEIGHT, 80 MICROINCH SILVER-COATED COPPER, 200 °C, 600 VOLT, ROHSAS22759/48C (Current)8/17/2026
AE-8D Wire and Cable Committee
WIRE, ELECTRICAL, FLUOROPOLYMER-INSULATED, CROSSLINKED MODIFIED ETFE, LOW FLUORIDE, NORMAL WEIGHT, 80 MICROINCH SILVER-COATED HIGH-STRENGTH COPPER ALLOY, 200 °C, 600 VOLT, ROHSAS22759/49C (Current)8/17/2026
AE-8D Wire and Cable Committee
Vehicle OBD II Compliance Test CasesJ1699/3_202608 (Current)8/15/2026
The main purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to verify that vehicles are capable of communicating a minimum subset of information in accordance with the diagnostic test services specified in SAE J1979, or the equivalent document ISO 15031-5. Any software meeting these specifications will utilize the vehicle interface that is defined in SAE J2534. SAE J1699-3 tests shall be run using an SAE J2534-1 (API Version 04.04) Interface. However, the use of an SAE J2534-2 (API Version 04.04) Interface shall be permitted if the following conditions are met: The number of 29-bit ISO 15765 OBD ECUs exceeds the capability of the SAE J2534-1 Interface. The SAE J2534-2 Interface meets or exceeds all of the SAE J2534-1 requirements and also supports the SAE J2534-2 feature “Mixed Format Frames on a CAN Network.”
Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
CONTACTS, ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR, SOCKET, CRIMP REMOVABLE (FOR MIL-DTL-28840 CONNECTORS)AS39029/84C (Current)8/14/2026
AE-8C1 Connectors Committee
TERMINAL BOARD ASSEMBLY, MOLDED-IN-STUD, ELECTRICAS27212F (Current)8/14/2026
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Anti-splash System of Sprinkler Based on Millimeter Wave Radar and Machine Vision Fusion2026-99-03238/14/2026
In view of the problems that it is difficult to accurately control the spraying area of the mining sprinkler, and the resource waste caused by the mis-spraying material stacking area, as well as the failure of traditional radar monitoring in the complex electromagnetic environment, this paper proposes an anti-splashing system for the mining sprinkler. By combining millimeter wave radar and visual recognition fusion technology, the overall scheme of the anti-splash system is proposed. Then the control simulation of the whole system is carried out. The results show that the problem of poor control in traditional sprinkler operation can be effectively solved, and the sprinkler area can be adjusted intelligently. Finally, in order to verify the accuracy of the algorithm used in this paper, different algorithms are used for comparative experimental verification. The results show that the Modified YOLOv4 algorithm has a high accuracy of 98.75 %, which has good applicability and provides a theoretical basis for subsequent research.
Hou, Lin
Research and Practice of Emergency Rescue Unmanned Patrol Flying Equipment2026-99-03378/14/2026
To enhance China’s disaster and accident emergency response capabilities and strengthen the digital battlefield system for emergency rescue, an integrated multi-payload unmanned aerial surveillance and communication support system has been developed for extreme weather conditions and ‘triple-disconnection’ disaster scenarios. This paper sets out to address the limitations of traditional emergency drones, including poor environmental adaptability, weak payload capacity, and operational inconvenience. The system’s resistance to wind and rain has been significantly enhanced through the optimization of its airframe design. The innovative design incorporates dual-station symmetric conjugate antennas with planar blind-spot coverage systems, integrating public and self-organizing network base stations to achieve three-dimensional signal coverage and heterogeneous network integration. This enhances ground cellular network resilience. Multi-functional reconnaissance payloads are integrated and compatible with day/night and smoke/rain scenarios, thus overcoming the limitations of single-source visual information perception. The system employs zero-length deployment and parachute recovery methods, thereby facilitating rapid deployment and terrain-independent take-off and landing capabilities. The simulation results obtained demonstrate excellent aerodynamic performance, thus permitting safe operation in wind conditions up to Force 8. The antenna system under discussion is innovative in nature and has been developed to achieve 360° three-dimensional signal coverage. The primary function of this system is to ensure sustained communication link integrity. The field trials further corroborate the aircraft’s stable low-altitude cruising capability in Force 8 winds, thereby averting congestion in constrained rescue airspace. The dual-base station design, incorporating symmetric conjugate antennas and blind-spot compensation antennas, has been demonstrated to reliably restore public ground network signals within a 6.7-kilometre radius. The development of this unmanned aerial patrol system addresses a significant gap in low-altitude rescue capabilities for intelligent unmanned equipment in harsh environments. It underpins the integrated emergency command and operations system for intelligence, command, and execution, as well as the integrated emergency communication support system spanning the air, land, and sea domains. This advancement has been demonstrated to enhance disaster response efficiency and auxiliary decision-making effectiveness under extreme conditions.
Bian, Lu, Fang, Yudong, Yang, Jixing, Zhang, Chen, Hu, Bin, Zhang, Mingyue
Design of Adaptive Overtorsion Sliding Mode Observer Based on Logarithmic Gain Law and Estimation of Satellite Disturbance Torque2026-99-03158/14/2026
The vigorous rate of new spacecraft being launched has made the accurate estimation of in-orbit environmental disturbances torques paramount to reducing attitude control performance corrosion. Leveraging telemetry from an asset in low-earth-orbit, we present a novel Adaptive Super-Twisting Sliding-Mode Observer, which interlinks three techniques heretofore decoupled: 1) saturation-constrained angular-acceleration adaptation; 2) Kalman-filter preconditioning of angular velocity; and 3) state-weighted logarithmic gain with dual leakage. Denoising of raw Euler angle sequences and detection of quasi-steady epochs are achieved with a customized Kalman update, while an adaptive band-pass stage isolates the torque-related acceleration signature. Casting these filtered data into the super-twisting form, we update the log gain on-the-fly, and twin leakage terms remove excess energy with accompanying chatter rejection—without compromising bandwidth. Head-to-head telemetry tests show a positive margin headroom on noise attenuation that has to be compared with the power-gain type counterpart and that increases with the signal roughness, thereby validating the fact that this technique refines environment torque estimates and hence strengthens robustness design envelopes in next-generation attitude-control systems.
Yin, Xu, Deng, Yuhui, Chi, Dongxiang
Research on the Fault Diagnosis Method for Key Components of Inertial Friction Welding Equipment2026-99-03098/14/2026
Inertial Friction Welding (IFW) equipment is essential for the welding process of aircraft engine shaft components. However, the absence of comprehensive fault-handling standards for domestically produced inertial friction welding equipment has hindered its further development. This study focuses on the connecting rod and motor of the 30T-IFW equipment, employing a model-based fault detection method. Through simulation, the deformation of the connecting rod and the frequency response of motor vibration acceleration under different working conditions are obtained. Additionally, a monitoring platform is proposed to collect real-time data on connecting rod deformation and motor vibration from actual welding equipment. By establishing a quantitative correlation model of connecting rod deformation-force and revealing the coupling mechanism between motor eccentricity faults and modal frequency vibrations, a hybrid diagnostic framework that combines simulation of primitive warning and measurement of calibration is proposed. At last, the simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the fault diagnosis method proposed in this paper.
Yang, Haifeng, Yuan, Mingqiang, Sun, Tao, Liang, Wu, Gong, Maolin, An, Xingyi, Wang, Qisong, Liu, Dan
Study on the Impact of Vehicle Fixation Methods on the Range Testing of Electric Vehicles2026-99-03268/14/2026
The range energy consumption testing of electric vehicles is usually completed in an environment where the environmental chamber and chassis dynamometer are built. The vehicle is bound to the chassis dynamometer to simulate the range performance on a real road, and the vehicle's fixing method is particularly important, as it even affects the test results. In order to investigate the impact of vehicle fixation as a key testing factor on the range test results of electric vehicles, this study conducted comparative experiments using rigid fixation test vehicles at different positions. By relying on a chassis dynamometer to simulate road resistance and following the Chinese Light Vehicle Test Code (CLTC-P), a range test is conducted on the same electric vehicle under strictly controlled environmental conditions. The experiment collected data on endurance mileage, total energy consumption, and segmented energy consumption. By comparing the differences in simulated resistance and electric energy change trends of chassis dynamometer under different binding methods of test vehicles during the test process, the comprehensive energy consumption results were different. The results showed that the rigid fixation at different positions significantly affected the sliding results of the test vehicle chassis dynamometer, leading to differences in the comprehensive endurance energy consumption results. The comprehensive endurance mileage difference reached 24 kilometers, and the comprehensive energy consumption difference reached 4Wh/km. This study reveals potential sources of system bias in laboratory testing and analyzes the impact of vehicle fixation methods on comprehensive range energy consumption results. The research conclusions can provide a theoretical basis and empirical reference for improving the current standards for energy consumption and range testing of electric vehicles, and enhancing the accuracy and reproducibility of test results.
Zhou, Meng, Jiang, Zhijie, Geng, Peilin
Dual-TCN-GRU: A Dual Path Temporal Convolutional Network with GRU Fusion for Aero-Engine Fault Detection2026-99-03168/14/2026
Conventional aero-engine fault detection techniques tend to have problems simultaneously extracting local anomalies in sensor data and long-term temporal dependencies. To solve this problem, we propose a new fault detection scheme that only uses a Dual-Path Temporal Convolutional Network (Dual-TCN) and a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) module. The model, in turn, takes advantage of dual parallel branches of TCNs to extract local and global features and integrates these features with the GRU to model the progression of faults in time. Validated on the dataset of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, called C-MAPSS, the proposed technique achieves a detection accuracy of 91.39%, which is better than CNN and LSTM baselines, demonstrating interesting improvements in the precision, recall, and F1-score. Experimental results further demonstrate the effectiveness of the dual-path feature extraction and GRU fusion strategy; this method is potentially useful to realize the real-time and accurate detection of faults in complex aero-engine systems.
Yan, Shaokai, Zhang, Yongjian
Modeling Method of Aircraft Hydraulic Pipeline Cleaning Test Equipment Based on MBSE2026-99-03318/14/2026
With the continuous improvement of performance requirements for aviation equipment, the importance and complexity of hydraulic systems as the core carrier of flight control are becoming increasingly prominent. The cleanliness of aircraft hydraulic pipelines directly affects the reliability and flight safety of hydraulic systems, and it is necessary to use specialized cleaning and testing equipment during design and manufacturing to achieve efficient cleaning. The design of traditional cleaning equipment relies on experience-driven development, with mechanical, hydraulic, and electrical systems developed independently. There are problems such as unclear requirement definitions, low efficiency of interdisciplinary collaboration, and lagging validation, making it difficult to achieve the goal of forward design. Therefore, this study introduces Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) method in the development process of pipeline cleaning test equipment, proposes a modeling process based on RFLP (Requirements-Function-Logical-Physical), and uses SysML system modeling language to construct a top down design model system for aircraft hydraulic pipeline cleaning equipment. Through requirement analysis modeling, functional behavior definition, and system architecture design, the significant advantages of MBSE method in the development of complex aviation test equipment have been verified, effectively improving the bold design capability and top down design efficiency. MBSE method can not only improve the design efficiency of equipment, but also promote the intelligent and efficient operation of equipment, which has important significance for the development of intelligent manufacturing and electromechanical integration technology.
Zhang, Yuxin, Ma, Zichen, Li, Qi, Song, Guoqiu, Li, Haiwei, Zhang, Jingjing
2025 International Conference on Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechatronics2026-99-03008/14/2026
TOC
Tobolski, Sue
Numerical Simulation Study on Fire Prevention in Aero-Engine Fuel Tube2026-99-03038/14/2026
Transient gas-liquid two-phase flow in aero-engine fuel pipelines was examined using numerical simulations, focusing on the influence of flow rate on phase change behavior. Under low-flow conditions, phase change occurred repeatedly near the pipe wall, where vapor layers formed and collapsed in an intermittent manner. These processes introduced noticeable unsteadiness in the local mass flow and pressure fields. When the flow rate was increased, vapor generation was largely confined to a narrow region adjacent to the wall, and the overall flow exhibited a more stable character. The results suggest that flow-rate-dependent phase change plays an important role in determining the stability of fuel transport and should be considered in the fire safety assessment of aircraft fuel systems.
Wu, Bin, Xin, Bo, Zeng, Tai, Su, Zhengliang
Research on Optimizing Mars Atmospheric Capture Approach Trajectories Based on the Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm2026-99-03078/14/2026
To strictly balance orbital insertion precision with engineering constraints during Mars aerocapture, we present an angle-of-attack (AoA) trajectory optimization framework based on adaptive differential evolution. First, a three-degree-of-freedom flight dynamics model was established utilizing the Mars-GRAM 2024 atmospheric standard. Subsequently, we formulated a penalty function centered on apoapsis altitude deviation to enable constraint-oriented dynamic optimization. Within this framework, we introduced an adaptive, direction-guided mutation strategy that integrates global optimal individuals with elite solutions. Furthermore, a parameter update mechanism driven by mutation success rates was developed to significantly enhance algorithmic robustness and computational efficiency. The AoA command sequence for the capture phase was parameterized using a piecewise constant formulation. Comparative simulations under ±30% atmospheric uncertainty demonstrate that, within critical velocity ranges, our improved algorithm elevates the trajectory altitude by approximately 36 km compared to fixed AoA methods. Notably, it reduces convergence time by 50% while strictly adhering to spacecraft physical performance boundaries. These results underscore the method's capability to provide robust, high-precision orbital adjustment support for aerocapture missions in uncertain atmospheric environments.
Tao, Kemeng
Vibration Simulation of Guide Mechanism Based on Rigid-Flexible Coupling Dynamics2026-99-03108/14/2026
For vibration issues induced by coupling effects between flexible barrel guide mechanisms and moving bodies in high-speed dynamic systems, this study investigated their interaction mechanism using flexible multibody dynamics principles. A solid model was developed in 3D CAD software. The modal neutral file (MNF) of the guide mechanism was generated in ABAQUS, and its contact dynamics with the moving body were simulated in ADAMS via flexible contact theory and the modal superposition method. Comparative simulations revealed that incorporating structural flexibility yielded smoother fluctuations in the moving body’s axis inclination angle, providing more accurate system behaviour characterization. Exit velocity and spin rate errors remained below 5% against theoretical values, demonstrating model reliability.
Zhu, Qing, Cheng, Zixiang, Zhuo, Changfei
Design of a Digital Twin for Robot-Assembled Workpiece Transfer Station and Virtual Commissioning with It2026-99-03478/14/2026
In this research, the design of a digital twin system for a Robot-Assembled Workpiece Transfer Station (RAWTS) and virtual commissioning with it were detailed, aiming for debugging high-repeatability, high-precision robotic motions. The system employs a structured three-layer digital twin framework, Physical, Digital, and Information Fusion layers, interconnected via an OPC UA communication architecture to enable real-time virtual-physical data synchronization. The 6-axis industrial robot’s kinematic model is established using the D-H parameter method, and the translational end-effector’s kinematic relationships are configured with defined OPEN/CLOSE poses. A behavior-driven digital twin model is constructed within NX MCD, incorporating lightweight-processed 3D geometry from SolidWorks. Virtual commissioning involves PLC and robot program integration, OPC UA-based signal mapping, and kinematic path planning with reachability validation to avoid singularities and collisions. Key joint angles at critical path points are optimized, and virtual-physical integration debugging is performed, resulting in first-attempt success in physical operation. The study demonstrates that the NX MCD-based digital twin approach effectively validates control logic, optimizes robot trajectories, reduces on-site debugging time, and enhances operational precision and safety, offering a practical reference for digital twin applications in robotic systems.
Zang, Yuping, Wang, Ye, Fu, Hudai, Li, Weiwei, Jiang, Zhiyu, Wang, Dayu
RBF Neural Network-Based Compound Control for High-Speed Maglev Trains2026-99-03228/14/2026
Aiming at the inherent instability, strong nonlinearity, and high dynamic characteristics of normal-conducting maglev suspension systems, this paper adopts a composite supervisory control scheme integrating PD control and an RBF neural network. First, a high-speed maglev train-track coupled dynamics model considering track elasticity is established. On this basis, a phased control strategy is designed: the initial phase employs a PD controller to ensure system stability, after which control is seamlessly handed over to an RBF neural network. The weights of this network are continuously refined online via a gradient descent algorithm, enabling progressive enhancement of control precision. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of this approach, confirming its superior performance in both precise suspension gap regulation and robust disturbance rejection. Consequently, the proposed method not only underpins the stable operation of maglev trains but also constitutes a reliable intelligent control framework for high-speed maglev systems.
Yu, Yong, Zhang, Jie, Wang, Yu, Liang, Shi
Structural Design and Mechanical Performance Analysis of Key Components of Deicing Robots for Transmission Lines2026-99-03468/14/2026
Extreme winter weather often leads to ice accretion on transmission lines. Manual removal is inefficient, costly, and poses safety risks. To address this issue, this paper presents the design of a de-icing robot to replace manual operations for transmission line de-icing. The main content focuses on the detailed structural design of the robot, including the mobile platform, de-icing mechanism, and adaptive adjustment module. Finite element simulations are conducted on key components to verify the structural rationality and the correctness of material selection. The proposed de-icing robot enhances the safety of the de-icing process, improves operational efficiency, and provides a valuable reference for transmission line de-icing methods, demonstrating significant practical value.
Chang, Hao, Zhen, Chen, Han, Fengmei, Li, Cheng
Graph Neural Networks as Surrogate Models for Aerodynamic Prediction: A Review2026-01-50688/13/2026
Machine Learning and more specifically Deep Learning has successfully erupted into a vast number of engineering fields in the recent years, specially leaping traditional simulation approaches by leveraging data usage. Even though the potential is huge, the delicate selection of an adequate Machine Learning architecture for a specific problem determines the success of its implementation. This is essential for non-Euclidean datasets, like the ones found in social networks, molecule structures, manifolds, and others. In those datasets, the distance between two points does not correspond to the Euclidean distance, but to the path along the edges (either weighted or unweighted). This is the case of Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) meshes. In all these fields, the fitting of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for this type of datasets have made them gain popularity in the recent times. Specially as aerodynamic predictors they have had a remarkable dominance during the last few years, as not only there is a strong academic research trend toward these architectures, but many “AI-consulting engineering companies” offer them as the surrogate model of choice. In this survey, a brief introduction to GNNs is presented. More importantly, and different from other GNN surveys, this review paper focuses on their current application as aerodynamic coefficients and flow field predictors (academic and industrial), with emphasis on their specific architecture. Nineteen publications have been selected for this review, focusing, but not exclusively, on external aerodynamics.
Lazaro Prat, Aleix, Schütz, Thomas, Gau, Holger
SAE Truck & Off-Highway Engineering: August 202626TOFHP088/13/2026
Engineering for uptime: A blueprint for commercial vehicle transformation KPIT experts address challenges of maintaining legacy architectures while introducing centralized compute, OTA, new energy platforms and AI layers - driving integration complexity and validation effort. Renewing the debate on diesel Alternatives State and federal legislation has helped double the consumption of renewable and biodiesel in North America over the past half decade. But is policy alone enough to make them ready for prime time? Q&A with Volvo's powertrain chief Mehdi Ferhan said optimizing existing technology was a challenge but ultimately the right solution for Volvo to satisfy new NOx regulations. And he says he has never been bored a single day in his career as an engineer. Editorial Needed: Engineers "at the intersections" Electrification at the edge: Engineering for the reality of off-highway environments Why your bearing isn't enough: A guide to designing a maintenance-free pivot Axial flux motors evolve hybrid design for heavy-duty trucks Rivian's Scaringe says R2 will help pay huge R&D costs Wirtgen demos digital technologies in roadbuilding workflow Product Briefs SPOTLIGHTS: Power Generation & Gensets; Fasteners/Adhesives Q&A FPT says commercial powertrain tech must diversify to meet modern demands
High Voltage Shielded and Jacketed CableJ2840_202608 (Current)8/10/2026
This document covers cable, shielded and jacketed, intended for use at a nominal system voltage up to 1000 V (AC rms or DC). It is intended for use in surface vehicle electrical systems.
Cable Standards Committee
NASA Tech Briefs: August 202626AERP088/8/2026
How Electrification is Reshaping Motion Control in Flight Systems Charting the Flight Path of the Aerospace & Defense Industry with Digitalization Introducing the Modern Virtual Test Environment: Reducing Friction in RDT&E How Modular Tooling Accelerates Thermoplastic Composite Prototyping for Advanced Air Mobility and Defense Aerospace-Grade Thin Film Substrates: The Foundation of Electronics Reliability This New Quantum Sensor Measures 3D Direction of RF Electromagnetic Fields SAE International Publishes New Technical Information Report to Advance Battery Interoperability for Small Uncrewed Aerial Systems SAE JA1016 establishes common specifications for lithium-ion pouch cells for small uncrewed systems in both ground and aerial applications. Engineering Actuators for Extreme Environments A holistic approach to protective design can greatly reduce or eliminate the harmful effects of harsh environmental conditions on electric actuators. Texas A&M Researchers Work to Find Jet Fuel Alternatives Through a NATO sponsorship, a team of aerospace engineering researchers will start testing hydrogen-based alternatives that produce vapor and steam instead of carbon dioxide when they burn. Prototype Reflectarray Antenna Demonstrates Low-SWaP Anti-Jam Tactical SATCOM This prototype array uses a small, lightweight, low-power, and low-cost aperture. How Airbus is Developing Artificial Intelligence for Future Cockpits Computer vision, automated landing and embedded AI for tomorrow's cockpits.
Mechanical Structure Design and Dynamics Simulation of an Exoskeleton Leg Rehabilitation Robot2026-99-09028/7/2026
In response to the challenges of training and rehabilitation for patients with leg dysfunction, this research focuses on two core requirements: “bionic adaptation” and “safety assistance”. It introduces a novel exoskeleton leg rehabilitation robot designed to support diverse rehabilitation exercises for individuals with leg disabilities during therapy. The robot system consists of a lumbar support structure, thigh mechanical components, calf mechanical components, leg fixation straps, and foot mechanical structures, and achieves multi degree of freedom motion simulation through three main joints: hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint. Each mechanical leg has three independent degrees of freedom, which can effectively simulate the natural movements of the human lower limb, such as flexion, extension, abduction, etc., during the gait cycle, thus meeting the functional needs of patients for different movement modes during rehabilitation training. On the basis of structural design, this study further utilizes multi-body dynamics simulation software ADAMS to conduct kinematic and dynamic analysis of the exoskeleton robot. By simulating the joint torque of the exoskeleton legs under ideal working conditions, the rationality and smoothness of the mechanism design are verified. The simulation results not only reflect the performance of the robot in typical rehabilitation actions, but also provide a theoretical basis and data support for the selection and parameter matching of key execution components (such as servo motors, reducers, etc.), laying an important foundation for the physical development and control strategy optimization of the robot system.
Mu, Xiaoqi, Ma, Chao, Li, Weijie, Pu, Shuai, Liu, Jiaqi, Wang, Ruiyin, Zhang, Xiaodong
Study on Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride by g-C 3 N 4 /CoFe 2 O 4 Composite Photocatalysts2026-99-10078/7/2026
g-C₃N₄, a metal-free semiconductor photocatalyst, demonstrates remarkable potential, but its practical application in pollutant degradation is significantly limited by the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and low photocatalytic efficiency. To address this, a series of magnetic recyclable g-C₃N₄/CoFe₂O₄ composite photocatalysts with different CoFe₂O₄ doping ratios were innovatively designed and prepared via thermal polymerization, sol- gel, and combined with ultrasonic and heat treatment processes. The novelty of this composite design lies in the effective integration of magnetic CoFe₂O₄ with g-C₃N₄ through a heterojunction structure. It substantially boosts the absorption of visible light. Concurrently, it effectively fosters the separation and mobility of photo-induced charge carriers. The composite materials were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Using tetracycline hydrochloride as the target pollutant, the photocatalytic activity of the composites was evaluated under visible light irradiation, and the effects of initial concentration, catalyst dosage, and the influence of solution pH on degradation efficiency were also examined. The results indicated that the composite with a CoFe₂O₄ to g-C₃N₄ mass ratio of 1:3 (denoted as 3-CN/CFO) exhibited the optimal performance: a TCH degradation rate of 80.29 % within 105 minutes and a total organic carbon removal rate of 61.63 %. After five consecutive cycling experiments, the degradation efficiency remained above 70 %, demonstrating good reusability and stability. The performance improvement is attributed to the formation of heterojunctions in the composite, which effectively facilitates charge separation, inhibits carrier recombination, and enhances visible light absorption. Furthermore, the inherent magnetism of the composite permits efficient recovery, streamlining its integration into practical applications. Toward the purification of antibiotic-contaminated water, this research proposes a viable method for fabricating highly effective and recyclable photocatalysts.
Hua, Longjun, Chai, Tian, Wang, Yiming, Zhang, Jing, He, Ting
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Temperature Effects on the Hot Deformation and Microstructural Evolution of Al-Mg-Si Aluminum Alloy2026-99-10108/7/2026
In this work, molecular dynamics simulations are applied to systematically examine the influence of varying temperatures (300 K, 500 K, and 700 K) on the Elevated-temperature compression behavior and micromechanical characteristics of polycrystalline Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy. A nanopolycrystalline model was established to analyze the stress–strain response, dislocation evolution, and crystal structure changes occurring during the deformation process. The simulation results show that the yield strength and elastic modulus both decline as temperature increases, indicating a pronounced thermal softening effect. During the early stage of plastic deformation, dislocations mainly have their nucleation sites at grain boundaries and then propagate into the grain interiors, where they form interconnected networks along with stacking faults and twin structures. This work reveals the thermal deformation mechanisms of Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy at the atomic scale and provides theoretical guidance for the optimization of its hot-working processes.
Sun, Ruifeng, Liu, Shoukui, Wang, Rui, Sun, Xuemei, Ding, Shuli, Ma, Xiaofei
Structural Optimization Design and Experimental Study of a Shipboard Cabinet2026-99-09018/7/2026
The shipboard cabinet is an important carrier of radar equipment. It is necessary to ensure a good working environment and provide maximum support and protection for the internal equipment. In this paper, a shipboard cabinet that can realize a parallel heat dissipation architecture was taken as the object. The natural frequency and mode were used to find the area where the cabinet was prone to high-frequency vibration under impact excitation. The response characteristics of the cabinet under strong impact conditions were studied using a nonlinear transient dynamic analysis method. The weak links in the cabinet structure were identified, and the structural reinforcement design was carried out. After optimization, the maximum stress value of the cabinet was significantly reduced, and the safety factor was greater than 1.5. Finally, the effectiveness of the structural optimization was verified through experiments. The cabinet vibration isolation system was optimized and selected to ensure that it has good vibration isolation characteristics and impact response. The vibration isolation performance of the wire mesh isolator and the non-resonant peak isolator in the shipboard vibration and impact environment was verified by experiments. The impact transmissibility is less than 0.3, and the vibration transmissibility is less than 1.5, which can further improve the vibration and impact resistance of the shipboard cabinet.
Ni, Xiaokang, Jiang, Bo, Zhang, Liangjuan, Wu, Jingkai
Research on the Intelligent Design Method of Roof Frame Based on the Middle Layer and Component Technology2026-99-09078/7/2026
This study proposes an intelligent automotive roof frame design method based on the middle layer and component technology on CATIA. It aims to solve core roof modeling issues: determining geometric input quantity but uncertain attributes (tangent vectors, normal vectors, number of curve segments, number of surface patches, and boundaries), high manual interaction dependence, and poor knowledge reuse, to realize efficient design knowledge reuse. Methodologically, it builds a feature-driven parametric template, develops a knowledge rule-embedded componentized UDF library (reducing repeated modeling and geometric reconstruction needs), and integrates knowledge engineering for geometric input verification and operation direction control, eliminating curve/surface attribute uncertainty impacts. Verification shows the template stably generates roof crossbeams under simple/complex inputs, improving model robustness and reuse rate, reducing design workload, shortening verification cycles, and providing an extensible solution for white body design.
Jin, Chunning, Fu, Xinyu, Hou, Wenbin
2025 International Symposium on Mechatronics and Automation2026-99-09008/7/2026
TOC
Tobolski, Sue
Simulation Study on the Equilibrium Strategy and Thermal Runaway Suppression of Lithium Iron Phosphate Module Based on SOC Inconsistency Regulation2026-99-10138/7/2026
With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle energy storage industry, lithium-ion battery technology is undergoing a phase of rapid technological advancement. Enhancing battery energy density and safety remains a core challenge in overcoming industrial bottlenecks. During long-term cycling operations, deviations in state of charge (SOC), voltage, and temperature of individual cells inevitably occur, leading to reduced energy utilization efficiency. These deviations may also induce local overcharging and internal short circuits in individual cells, ultimately triggering thermal runaway incidents. While existing battery balancing strategies primarily focus on uniformity regulation, they fail to adequately address the coupling mechanisms of heat generation, heat storage, and thermal runaway propagation during balancing processes. Furthermore, the poor coordination between these strategies and thermal management systems makes it difficult to meet the complex safety requirements of high-energy-density batteries. To enhance the safety and energy utilization efficiency of battery systems during operation, this study focuses on the synergistic optimization of balancing strategies and thermal runaway prevention control. By establishing computer models of individual cells and battery packs in CATIA software, the research analyzes the evolution mechanisms of thermal runaway triggered by system state inconsistencies, while exploring the regulatory patterns of balancing parameters on thermal safety. Utilizing the ANSYS simulation platform, the study systematically examines the impact of three critical parameters—ambient temperature, discharge rate, and coolant flow rate—on battery temperature rise, providing theoretical support and technical references for the design of high-reliability lithium-ion battery pack systems.
Yu, Zheng, Gong, Ji, Fan, Yi, Liang, Wei, Li, Yuewei, Liu, Fashen, Xie, Maojun, Cen, Zucai
A Standardized Approach to On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Signal Classification and Dependency AnalysisHRCS-PRP0001 (Current)8/7/2026
Part of the legislated on-board diagnostic (OBD) certification process is focused on identifying and documenting serial data signals that are relevant from a legislated OBD perspective. OBD regulations and documentation required for vehicle certification today are becoming increasingly complex. The reason is that increasing numbers of electronic control units (ECUs) are being introduced that communicate with each other. Most of these ECUs are much more powerful in terms of computational power, enabling the implementation of much more functionality on a single ECU. Most of that new functionality is being developed in software. Where previously hard-wired sensors were dominating, nowadays software components take over interpreting and enhancing sensor inputs. This recommended practice (RP) describes a standardized approach to meet these requirements for such increasingly complex environments. Specifically, this RP outlines how to create a serial data signal input/output (I/O) disclosure list to identify, trace, and categorize serial data signals that are relevant to certification. Furthermore, this RP defines a standardized data exchange format that original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and suppliers can use to exchange related information. In addition to the vehicle certification context, we see a benefit in applying the described methodologies in other contexts, such as the usage of serial data signals within non-emissions-related and/or safety-critical systems.
Health Ready Components and Systems
Research on Parameter Matching of Electric Vehicle Powertrain System2026-99-09058/7/2026
This paper focuses on the parameter matching of key components and the improvement of overall vehicle performance for a certain front-wheel drive pure electric vehicle. Firstly, based on the target performance of the vehicle, the rated/peak power, speed, and torque of the permanent magnet synchronous drive motor, as well as the capacity, voltage, and series-parallel scheme of the LiFePO4 power battery, are systematically calculated. Meanwhile, the gear ratio of the transmission system is determined based on the dual constraints of the maximum speed and the maximum gradeability. Subsequently, the vehicle model is built using AVL Cruise, and the maximum speed, 0-100 Km/h acceleration time, maximum gradeability, and NEDC range are simulated and verified under steady-state and transient conditions. The results show that the maximum speed of the prototype vehicle reaches 139 Km/h, the 0-100 Km/h acceleration is 7.98 s, the maximum gradeability is 33.2%, the power consumption per 100 Km is 12.12 KWh, and the range is 485 Km, all of which are superior to the design indicators. The research verifies the rationality of the proposed parameter matching scheme and can provide a theoretical basis and engineering reference for the forward development of the power system of pure electric vehicles of the same level.
He, Yuefan, Zhang, Baoping, Tang, Shujian, Chen, Hanbang, Jin, Biao
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