Browse Topic: Electronic equipment

Items (6,532)
The acquisition of sensor data is essential for the operation and validation of the SAE vehicle. This system must be capable of converting analog data into digital form and communicating with the sensors. To this end, printed circuit boards (PCBs) were designed and manufactured, incorporating electromagnetic interference mitigation solutions through various analog filters, in order to ensure the integrity of the acquired signals. Data conversion and communication were implemented using a microprocessor from the STM32 family, with efficient transmission of the processed data carried out via the CAN protocol.
David, Mateus PadilhaAndrade, Fernanda Matsumoto LimaSousa Oliveira, IvanCarvalho, Luis Pedro FeioGuerreiro, Joel FilipeRibeiro, Rodrigo EustaquioSantos Neto, Pedro José
The work presented here was developed within the scope of the Tire-Tooling Benchmark Project – Mover – FUNDEP – Line IV – in response to demands from the tire manufacturing sector for solutions to monitor tire molds. This study presented the development and validation of an embedded device that integrates RFID technology, wireless communication (LoRa and Wi-Fi), and local processing via an ESP32 microcontroller. The system was capable of collecting and processing data related to mold lifecycle, such as usage cycles, inspections, and maintenance activities, enabling predictive maintenance strategies. A functional prototype was successfully built and tested, validating reliable cycle readings, stable communication with a remote database, and consistent embedded logic. Based on these results, a custom Printed Circuit Board (PCB) was designed, focusing on robustness, compactness, and industrial applicability. Although the PCB has not yet been fabricated or tested in the production
Pivetta, Italo MeneguelloCecone, Eduardo ChristianoDel Conte, Erik Gustavo
In this article we will discuss the development and implementation of a computer vision system to be used in decision-making and control of an electro-hydraulic mechanism in order to guarantee correct functioning and efficiency during the logistics project. To achieve this, we have brought together a team of engineering students with knowledge in the area of Artificial Intelligence, Front End and mechanical, electrical and hydraulic devices. The project consists of installing a system on a forklift that moves packaged household appliances that can identify and differentiate the different types of products moved in factories and distribution centers. Therefore, the objective will be to process this identification and control an electro-hydraulic pressure control valve (normally controlled in PWM) so that it releases only the hydraulic pressure configured for each type of packaging/product, and thus correctly squeezing (compressing) the specific volume, without damaging it due to
Furquim, Bruno BuenoPivetta, Italo MeneguelloIbusuki, Ugo
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have consolidated their place in the technology market for the energetic transition, with global manufacturing capacity exceeding 1 TWh in recent years and costs falling in this competitive environment. At the same time, the number of end-of-life LIBs is increasing, stimulating the recycling industry to process battery streams, thus promoting the circular economy to meet the increased demand for strategic raw materials and decarbonization. Vehicle electrification is the main driver of battery production, but their end-of-life will take some time to be significant in volume in the next years. Consumer electronics such as smartphones, laptops and power tools are now available at an appropriate volume enabling the preparation of recycling industry for the moment. In this scenario, recyclers are looking for sustainable routes to absorb all these streams and the different LIBs chemistries (LFP, NCA, NMC, LCO, LMO) to recover the critical metals (Ni, Co, Cu, Mn
Gobo, Luciana AssisFerrarese, AndreOliveira, Rafael Piumatti deMartins, Thamiris Auxiliadora GonçalvesGuillen, Daniela RomeroSilva Vasconcelos, David daTenório, Jorge Alberto Soares
In order to ensure the construction safety of tunnels in water-rich sections near reservoir areas, it is very important to adopt comprehensive and reliable advanced geological prediction technology combined with on-site monitoring and measurement. Taking the Chenlingding tunnel as an example, through the comprehensive geological prediction of the broken rock section near the reservoir, the numerical model of the broken rock section was established, and compared with the field measurement data. The results show that the comprehensive advanced geological prediction system combining short, medium and long distances, such as geological radar, seismic wave reflection method and advanced horizontal drilling, has high accuracy in adverse geology, rock fragmentation and water rich conditions in the tunnel; The rich water condition, fault information and rock engineering geology provided by the advanced geological prediction can provide reliable guarantee for the tunnel excavation scheme, the
Dai, YunfeiFeng, MeijieLiu, DachengTang, Xianyuan
Traditional traffic millimeter-wave radar can obtain the distance, speed, and azimuth angle of the vehicles driving on road plane, while lacking the elevation information of the targets which is an important feature in spatial dimension for vehicle type classification. In this paper, the statistical methods are used to analyze the elevation features of different vehicle types acquired by 4D millimeter-wave radar in actual road scenario. The statistical parameters of the overall elevation data and cross-section elevation data at different horizontal distances are calculated. Besides, the probability distributions and the skewness characteristics are further presented. The data analysis results show that there are significant differences in elevation probability distribution and skewness features between small and large vehicles, providing evidence for classification of different vehicle types using 4D millimeter-wave radar.
Jing, MengyuanLiu, HaiqingGong, XiaolongGuo, Fuyang
Dangling from a weather balloon 80,000 feet above New Mexico, a pair of antennas sticks out from a Styrofoam cooler. From that height, the blackness of space presses against Earth’s blue skies. But the antennas are not captivated by the breathtaking view. Instead, they listen for signals that could make air travel safer.
In the race toward practical quantum computers and networks, photons — fundamental particles of light — hold intriguing possibilities as fast carriers of information at room temperature. Photons are typically controlled and coaxed into quantum states via waveguides on extended microchips, or through bulky devices built from lenses, mirrors, and beam splitters. The photons become entangled — enabling them to encode and process quantum information in parallel — through complex networks of these optical components. But such systems are notoriously difficult to scale up due to the large numbers and imperfections of parts required to do any meaningful computation or networking.
Researchers from RMIT University have developed a wearable wound monitoring device with integrated sensors that could reduce infection risks by minimizing the need for frequent physical contact.
Cornell researchers have developed a low-power microchip they call a “microwave brain,” the first processor to compute on both ultrafast data signals and wireless communication signals by harnessing the physics of microwaves.
This standard is for use by organizations that procure and integrate EEE Parts. These organizations may provide EEE Parts that are not integrated into assemblies (e.g., spares and/or repair EEE Parts). Examples of such organizations include, but are not limited to, the following: Original Equipment Manufacturers; contract assembly manufacturers; maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) organizations; and suppliers that provide EEE Parts or assemblies as part of a service. These requirements are intended to be applied (or flowed down as applicable) through the supply chain to all organizations that procure and integrate EEE Parts and/or systems, subsystems, or assemblies. The mitigation of Counterfeit EEE Parts in this standard is risk based. These mitigation steps will vary depending on the criticality of the application and desired performance and reliability of the equipment/hardware. The requirements of this document are used in conjunction with the organization’s higher-level
G-19 Counterfeit Electronic Parts Committee
Waiting for a wound to heal is incredibly frustrating. First, it must clot; then an immune system response is needed; followed by scabbing and scarring — and that’s not even getting into the pain part.
Automotive wooden interiors are increasingly popular among consumers for their excellent appearance and texture. However, low light transmittance limits their application in automotive interior smart surfaces. This study explores light transmission technology for wood veneer in automotive interiors, proposing two solutions based on the properties of wood veneer: the light-transmitting veneer solution and the laser-engraved beacon solution. Both solutions were tested through production experiments to evaluate the light transmission effects and process feasibility. Experimental results show that the light-transmitting veneer solution significantly improves the light transmittance of wood veneers through material modification, but instability in structure and materials leads to the difficulty of presenting a better light transmission effect. In contrast, the laser-engraved beacon solution achieves clear and stable light transmission effects by directly processing light-transmitting
Yu, YangDai, XiaodongYu, PengHe, PingLin, HuangxuZhang, Xuechang
To address the limitations of conventional overspeed detection methods, this study proposes a vehicle overspeed detection approach based on the fusion of millimeter-wave radar (MWR) and vision sensors. The MWR captures target position and velocity data, while the vision sensor acquires vehicle image information. Radar-detected points are mapped onto visual images through coordinate transformation, and the Intersection over Union (IoU) method is employed to associate radar points with vision-detected vehicle bounding boxes. Subsequently, for radar-detected points exceeding the speed threshold, the corresponding vehicle images are identified, enabling real-time overspeed detection and data acquisition. This method not only facilitates prompt identification of speeding behavior but also extracts the associated vehicle images, ensuring both accuracy and informational integrity in overspeed monitoring. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high speed measurement
Li, YuanchenWu, ZhichaoXu, HaiboSong, LiangliangHuang, Hao
In contemporary society, where Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are utilised extensively, their inherent fragility gives rise to potential hazards with respect to the safety of ship navigation. In order to address this issue, the present study focuses on an ASM signal delay measurement system based on software defined radio peripherals. The system comprises two distinct components: a transmitting end and a receiving end. At the transmitting end, a signal generator, a first time-frequency synchronisation device, and a VHF transmitting antenna are employed to transmit ASM signals comprising dual Barker 13 code training sequences. At the receiving end, signals are received via software-defined radio equipment, a second time-frequency synchronisation device, a computing host, and a VHF receiving antenna. Utilising sliding correlation algorithms enables accurate time delay estimation. The present study leverages the high performance and low cost advantages of the universal
Li, HaoSun, XiaowenWang, TianqiZhou, ZeliangWang, Xiaoye
Efficient thermal management is critical for the reliability and performance of power electronics systems in automotive applications. This work presents a computationally efficient modeling approach for transient thermal simulation of power electronic systems, with a focus on inverter modules using multiple MOSFETs mounted on a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA). A case study of an inverter module comprising six MOSFETs arranged as high-side and low-side pairs for a three phases system mounted on a PCBA, attached to a heat sink is considered. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations in Ansys® Icepak™ are performed considering different heat transfer mechanisms, including natural convection, forced convection at constant velocity, and forced convection with varying flow velocity. A transient thermal model is developed using the lumped parameter linear superposition (LPLSP) method, a hybrid approach that combines lumped parameter modeling with the principle of linear
Padmanabhan, Neelakantan
During the first two years of life, the motor development of children is monitored closely, as motion is the natural base for their other development and interaction with the environment. Current methods do not allow accurate developmental monitoring throughout early childhood.
CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) optimization plays a pivotal role in various industries to gain a competitive edge. CAE optimization is essential in several industries, such as automotive, aerospace and consumer electronics, etc., concentrating on enhancing component structural design. The process helps in addressing complex design challenges, including weight reduction, material usage efficiency and operational effectiveness. This paper presents applications for an integrated form shape, size and topology optimization approach of structural systems by using CAE tools. For the present study, CAD (Computer Aided Design) was prepared using CATIA V5 followed by meshing in Hyper-mesh 2022.3 version software. Optistruct was used as a solver tool. Modal analysis was performed to extract the natural frequencies of vibration and respective mode shapes. According to the results of the frequency response function study performed on the automobile air conditioning condenser, based on low-stress
Mehra, AkankshaParayil, Paulson
This document provides user information on best practice methods and processes for the in-service inspection, evaluation, and cleaning of expanded beam (EB) fiber optic interconnect components (termini, alignment sleeves, and connectors), test equipment, and test leads based on the information provided in AIR6031 and ARP6283. This document provides the user with a decision-making tool to determine if the fiber optic components are acceptable for operation with EB fiber optic termini.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
Applications for AI are growing by leaps and bounds, which means we need many more data centers to handle the vast computing workload. Providing power to run all of them is a serious challenge. Part of the solution is to reduce their energy load by making them more efficient. The computing circuits could be designed to minimize losses, and the most efficient semiconductors can be chosen. But there is an upper limit to the efficiency of the electronics — there will always be losses in the form of heat.
Reliability engineering is a science and technology to fight against product failure, which includes reliability requirements and allocation, reliability analysis, reliability modeling and prediction, reliability design, reliability test, reliability testing, operational reliability and other activities. The important condition for the high-quality development of rail traffic is the stable operation of equipment, and the electronic equipment of rail traffic vehicles is mostly the “brain” of the key system. At present, the contradiction between performance optimization and structural complexity is increasingly prominent. In order to cope with the variable operating conditions and harsh environment of vehicles, the requirements for reliability are getting higher and higher. It is of great significance to carry out reliability engineering for its high-quality development. This paper introduces the construction of the reliability system of the electronic equipment of rail traffic vehicles
Song, XiaozhongSong, MengsiWang, Lei
This paper investigates the concept of derating in light-emitting diode (LED)–based automotive lighting systems, emphasizing its role in enhancing LED longevity, performance, and reliability under varying operating conditions. Derating is introduced from a general perspective and is modeled as an approximately linear function of the driving current with respect to the temperature measured by a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC). The NTC serves as a temperature probe in this context. We demonstrate that poorly designed derating strategies can negatively impact luminous flux, lifespan, and overall system reliability. These theoretical insights are applied to a simplified lighting system, which is analyzed using both steady-state and transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to illustrate the practical effects. It is shown that the distance between the NTC and the temperature-critical region primarily determines the slope of the derating curve, while having
Stahlbaum, Ruben
AS21608 shield terminating, crimp-style ferrule applications on shielded cables require various piece parts in multiple combinations to ground the shield of non-environmental cables. This ARP provides the recommended methods to ensure the shield ground wire is terminated correctly and the shield is protected. Refer to AS83519 for shield grounding when eviornmental resistance is required.
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Hensoldt Taufkirchen, Germany nico.fritz@hensoldt.net
A team of Caltech engineers has developed a technique for inkjet printing arrays of special nanoparticles that enables the mass production of long-lasting wearable sweat sensors. These sensors could be used to monitor a variety of biomarkers, such as vitamins, hormones, metabolites, and medications, in real time, providing patients and their physicians with the ability to continually follow changes in the levels of those molecules.
Although lithium is highly effective to treat bipolar disorder, the chemical has a narrow therapeutic window — too high a dose can be toxic to patients, causing kidney damage, thyroid damage, or even death, while too low a dose renders the treatment ineffective.
Researchers have developed a portable device capable of detecting rare genetic mutations from a single drop of blood. The instrument was shown in lab experiments to quickly and accurately test for a genetic condition called hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis, which can cause heart problems. The disease is caused by a genetic mutation in the transthyretin gene. This mutation can lead to heart failure, especially in people of West African ancestry. The device, which amplifies nucleic acid segments and detects mutations using a microchip aims to bring a device equal to the performance and accuracy of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, typically confined to laboratories, into doctors’ offices, homes, and community centers.
In today’s medtech landscape, innovation isn’t just about what a device does — it’s about how reliably and cost-effectively it gets to market. As devices grow smaller, smarter, and more user-centered, materials like liquid silicone rubber (LSR) play a bigger role in enabling performance, comfort, and compliance. From implantables to connected wearables, LSR is helping engineers meet growing design and usability demands. As demand for the material grows, so do the pressures on supply chains, including launch timelines, increased regulatory scrutiny, and rising technical complexity.
Researchers have developed a wearable wound monitoring device with integrated sensors that could reduce infection risks by minimizing the need for frequent physical contact. The proof-of-concept device is designed for reuse, making it more cost-effective and practical than disposable smart bandages and other emerging wound monitoring technologies.
Scientists have produced a new, powerful electricity-conducting material that could improve wearable technologies, including medical devices. The new technique uses hyaluronic acid applied directly to a gold-plated surface to create a thinner, more durable film, or polymer, used to conduct electricity in devices like biosensors. It could lead to major improvements in the function, cost, and usability of devices like touchscreens and wearable biosensors.
In today’s digital age, the use of “Internet-of-Things” devices (embedded with software and sensors) has become widespread. These devices include wireless equipment, autonomous machinery, wearable sensors, and security systems. Because of their intricate structures and properties there is a need to scrutinize them closely to assess their safety and utility and rule out any potential defects. But, at the same time, damage to the device during inspection must be avoided.
In the race toward practical quantum computers and networks, photons — fundamental particles of light — hold intriguing possibilities as fast carriers of information at room temperature. Photons are typically controlled and coaxed into quantum states via waveguides on extended microchips, or through bulky devices built from lenses, mirrors, and beam splitters. The photons become entangled – enabling them to encode and process quantum information in parallel – through complex networks of these optical components. But such systems are notoriously difficult to scale up due to the large numbers and imperfections of parts required to do any meaningful computation or networking.
Reliable antenna performance is crucial for aircraft communication, navigation, and radar detection systems. However, an aircraft’s structure can detune the antenna input impedance and obstruct radiation, creating a range of potential problems from a low-quality experience for passengers who increasingly expect connectivity while in the air, to violating legal requirements around strict compliance standards. Determining appropriate antenna placement during the design phase can reduce risk of costly problems arising during physical testing stages.
Reliable antenna performance is crucial for aircraft communication, navigation, and radar detection systems. However, an aircraft's structure can detune the antenna input impedance and obstruct radiation, creating a range of potential problems from a low-quality experience for passengers who increasingly expect connectivity while in the air, to violating legal requirements around strict compliance standards. Determining appropriate antenna placement during the design phase can reduce risk of costly problems arising during physical testing stages. Engineers traditionally use a variety of CAD and electromagnetic simulation tools to design and analyze antennas. The use of multiple software tools, combined with globally distributed aircraft development teams, can result in challenges related to sharing models, transferring data, and maintaining the associativity of design and simulation results. To address these challenges, aircraft OEMs and suppliers are implementing unified modeling and
Thermal management solutions in power electronics applications are of prime importance to meet the needs of the ever-increasing demands on higher power and torque density of the traction motor and controller. Traction inverters are essential power electronic devices that convert direct current (DC) supply from the battery pack of the vehicle to three-phase alternating current (AC) output and vice versa. Estimation of die junction temperatures and cooling system pressure drop is necessary for assessing the maximum heat load capacity of the traction inverter system and coolant pump capacity requirements. The system comprises of a power module and a water–glycol–based cooling domain with heat sink. This article proposes a 1D model for accurate predictions of junction temperatures on the SiC die, temperature rise of the cooling medium, and pressure drop across a custom heat sink fluid domain. The model is built to handle steady-state and transient conditions for varying heat loads on the
Ravindra, VidyasagarPrasad, PraveenSingh, IshanSureka, Sumit
With ongoing microelectronic supply chain issues, the demand for genuine field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) is increasing – but so is the occurrence of counterfeit devices. Frequently, devices are used, salvaged from old systems, and repackaged as new. Recycled devices represent the largest class of counterfeit devices and are becoming more rampant with ongoing supply chain challenges. Therefore, it is often necessary to test whether a device is genuine before employing it in a new system. Current methods for evaluating devices are frequently destructive allowing for only small sample testing within lots. Other methods require complex external equipment and cannot be readily deployed throughout the supply chain. Graf Research Corporation has developed a methodology for using soft sensor telemetry bitstreams to characterize an FPGA device and subsequently classify whether a device is a repackaged counterfeit via statistical and machine learning models. The new method utilizes
Batchelor, WhitneyCrofford, CodyKoiner, JamesWinslow, MargaretTaylor, MiaPaar, KevinHarper, Scott
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