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This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This specification covers an aircraft-quality nitriding grade low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and forging stock
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This specification covers an alpha-beta Ti-6Al-4V alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing and subjected to hot isostatic press (HIP) operation. Typically, this material is used for complex-shaped aerospace products made to near net shape dimensions. These products have been used typically for parts requiring operating strength up to 750 °F (399 °C), but usage is not limited to such applications
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
This specification covers established inch/pound manufacturing tolerances applicable to carbon steel bars ordered to inch/pound dimensions. These tolerances apply to all conditions, unless otherwise noted. The term “excl” applies only to the higher figure of the specified range
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This specification covers a carbon steel in the form of sheet and strip
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and forging stock
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
The hybrid engines produced by most original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have been modified to fit within the framework of conventional engine designs. Recently, Geely has introduced a new 1.5-liter (1.5L) inline four-cylinder (I4) TGDI engine, specifically designed to meet the requirements of its innovative, efficient, and intelligent hybrid powertrain architecture. This engine achieves an impressive brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 44%, as well as high specific torque at 153 Nm/L and high specific power at 67 kW/L. To attain this superior performance, the following technical strategies were implemented: a high compression ratio, the robust Miller cycle, an extended piston stroke-to-bore ratio, an intake port optimized for high tumble, cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and an advanced high-energy ignition system. Among these, the middle four strategies, in conjunction with piston cooling jets and enhanced exhaust-side cooling, all contribute to improved in-cylinder
Li, QiangLiu, YangZhang, PeiyiYan, PingtaoLi, HongzhouZhu, YunfengJi, YanLi, MingguiCui, Boyue
There is great recognition regarding the importance of hydrogen as an energy route for the decarbonization of road vehicles. Several countries are making large investments to create products, services, and infrastructures that allow hydrogen to be used as a clean source for propulsion, but there are still many open questions. This complete hydrogen chain involves production, transformation, transport, storage, and use. Although many initiatives are seeking global production, the use of low-carbon hydrogen is not yet economically competitive. Therefore, for this industry to establish itself, and acknowledging the characteristics of each region, there needs to be more intense coordination of efforts between the different industrial and political segments. Low-carbon Hydrogen Use Across Economic Sectors and Global Regions establishes premises for the hydrogen economy and its main environmental aspects. It also includes proposals and scenarios to establish a strategy that relates to
Adas, Camilo Abduch
Original equipment manufacturers, Tier 1 suppliers, and the rest of the value chain, including the semiconductor industry, are reshaping their product portfolios, development processes, and business models to support this transformation to software-defined vehicles (SDVs). The focus on software is rippling out through the automotive sector, forcing the industry to rethink organization, leadership, processes, and future roadmaps. The Software-defined Vehicle: Its Current Trajectory and Execution Challenges assesses the state of SDVs and explores the potential hurdles to execution and examines the work being done in the industry. The goal is to evaluate whether the implementation of SDVs will encounter the same fate as electrification or autonomous technologies, which after some level of disillusionment, are expected to pick up momentum in a more mature way. Click here to access the full SAE EDGETM Research Report portfolio
Goswami, Partha
The introduction of unrestrained torso neck braces as a safety intervention for helmeted motorcycle riders has introduced a set of unsolved challenges. Understanding the injury prevention afforded by these devices depends on a reliable test methodology by which to critically evaluate their efficacy against the most common mechanisms of neck injury. An inverted pendulum test is proposed to evaluate compression flexion (CF), tension flexion (TF), and tension extension (TE) of the neck using a Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device (HIII ATD) neck and a motorcycle-specific ATD (MATD) neck. In addition to investigating methods to quantify the beneficial effects of a neck brace, potential adverse effects of such a device are evaluated by measuring and evaluating relevant neck response measures. To that end, measured data using a current neck brace were analyzed and applied to various injury criteria related to the ATD neck used to compare the injury risk predicted by each parameter. The
de Jongh, Cornelis U.Basson, Anton H.Knox, Erick H.Leatt, Christopher J.
This study presents a comprehensive survey of the current state-of-the-art techniques in virtual scene generation, particularly within the context of autonomous driving. The integration of deep learning methods such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) and convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) is explored in detail. Additionally, the effectiveness and applicability of these techniques in simulating real-world traffic scenarios are analyzed. Our article aims to bridge the gap between theoretical models and practical applications, providing an in-depth understanding of how deep learning and virtual scene generation converge to enhance the efficacy of autonomous driving systems
Ayyildiz, Dilara VefaAlnaser, Ala JamilTaj, ShahramZakaria, MahtaJaimes, Luis Gabriel
This specification covers disinfectants or chemicals for use in disinfecting aircraft after carrying livestock
AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee
This recommended practice shall apply to all on-highway trucks and truck-tractors equipped with air brake systems and having a GVW rating of 26 000 lb or more
Truck and Bus Human Factors Committee
Biofuels are gaining significant global attention as renewable and alternative energy sources, produced from various materials through different extraction methods and conversion processes. Food industry generates not only substantial organic waste, presenting economic and ecological challenges but also potential opportunities for valorization. This study focuses on recovering industrial fish waste from the manufacture of canned tuna, specifically targeting non-food and abundant fish co-products such as heads, bones, skin, and viscera, which constitute nearly 50% of the fish body. The process involves several steps: oil extraction using Soxhlet extraction, purification, and conversion into biodiesel via transesterification, followed by physicochemical analysis. The experiments revealed that 32.41% of fish waste was in the liquid phase (a mixture of hexane and oil), and the extracted oil accounted for 26.56% of the total fish waste weight (from 1.012 kg of waste, approximately 268.78 g
Bousbaa, HamzaNAIMA, KhatirLamia, MedjahedBenramdane, MohammedBalasubramanian, DhineshJohnson, Anish Jafrin Thilak
This SAE Standard encompasses the recommended minimum requirements for non-metallic tubing and/or combinations of metallic tubing to non-metallic tubing assemblies manufactured as liquid- and/or vapor-carrying systems designed for use in gasoline, alcohol blends with gasoline, or diesel fuel systems. This SAE Standard is intended to cover tubing assemblies for any portion of a fuel system which operates above −40 °C (−40 °F) and below 115 °C (239 °F), and up to a maximum working gage pressure of 690 kPa (100 psig). The peak intermittent temperature is 115 °C (239 °F). For long-term continuous usage, the temperature shall not exceed 90 °C (194 °F). It should be noted that temperature extremes can affect assemblies in various manners and every effort must be made to determine the operating temperature to which a specific fuel line assembly will be exposed, and design accordingly. The applicable SAE standards should be referenced when designing liquid-carrying and/or vapor-carrying
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice provides instructions and test procedures for measuring air consumption of air braked vehicles equipped with Antilock Brake Systems (ABS) used on highways
Truck and Bus Brake Systems Committee
This study investigated the contact pressure distribution of three combustion seal designs for fuel injectors using both experimental techniques and finite element analysis (FEA). The designs tested included the baseline seal (Design #1), a conical seal (Design #2), and the current production seal (Design #3). In phase 1, a 2D axisymmetric FEA was conducted under worst-case torque conditions (67.8 Nm) to simulate contact pressure, with an axial load of 10 kN and combustion pressure of 21.3 MPa applied to the injector assembly. Phase 2 employed Fuji films to measure the pressure distribution at higher torques (89.5 and 115.2 Nm) in a more realistic scenario, incorporating challenges such as misalignment and eccentric loading. During this phase, Fuji film shearing was a significant challenge, complicating the accurate assessment of pressure profiles. Design #1 failed to maintain the minimum threshold contact pressure of 70 MPa over a 1 mm length, leading to potential leakage. Design #2
Kaliyanda, Aneesh
This specification covers a shampoo type carpet cleaner in the form of a liquid
AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee
Direct water injection inside the cylinder is a promising technique to enhance the upper load limit and reduce nitrogen oxides emissions. The advantage of water injection depends on the percentage of water evaporated inside the cylinder. The percentage of water evaporation depends upon the water injection parameters. Hence, a computational fluid dynamics analysis is done to determine the effect of water injection temperature, water spray cone angle, nozzle hole diameter, and number of nozzle holes on in-cylinder distribution and percentage of water evaporation, engine performance, and emissions of a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine. This analysis considers water injection temperature from 295 K to 385 K, water spray cone angle from 8° to 24°, nozzle hole diameter from 0.14 mm to 0.205 mm, and number of nozzle holes from 4 to 7. The computational fluid dynamics models used are validated from the available experimental data in the literature for the engine considered. Here
Naik, BharatMallikarjuna, J. M.
This specification covers insecticides for use in disinsection of aircraft as required on international passenger flights
AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee
In order to compare test results obtained from different crash test facilities, standardized coordinate systems need to be defined for crash test dummies, vehicle structures, and laboratory fixtures. In addition, recorded polarities for various transducer outputs need to be defined relative to positive directions of the appropriate coordinate systems. This SAE Information Report describes the standardized sign convention and recorded output polarities for various transducers used in crash testing
Safety Test Instrumentation Standards Committee