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[Resolved] Service notice - System issues

Update: Issue has been resolved. Please reach out to CustomerService@sae.org if you have any questions. -- Hello, Please be aware that we are currently experiencing system issues / slowness on the platform, and our teams are working diligently to resolve the issue as quickly as possible. We apologize for any inconvenience and appreciate your patience and understanding. Thank you for your continued support. Best regards, The Mobilus Team

Exciting Update for J1939 DBC Users: Enhanced DBC File now included!

📢 ATTN: Existing J1939 DBC File Users We’re excited to announce a new partnership with Vector Informatik GmbH to enhance our DBC file offering! Starting March 03, 2025, your access will automatically include the Enhanced J1939 DBC File, which now combines the J1939 and J1939-73 DBC files into a single, unified file. The format remains the same, ensuring a seamless, plug-and-play experience. No changes are needed on your end—just enjoy the enhanced functionality!

[ARCHIVED] Counter Reports Issue - Fixed

Last updated: November 11, 2024 [LATEST UPDATE] The issue has been fixed and Counter reports are now accessible through the portal. Usage data until the previous month (i.e. October 2024) can be pulled in reports. Useful links: FAQs: https://saemobilus.sae.org/help/counter-usage-reports Mobilus Minute video on Counter: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45s8S3ixURk Thank you for your patience and understanding. - The Mobilus team -- [PREVIOUS MESSAGE HISTORY] Original announcement: Please note that Counter Database Reports and Title Reports are currently experiencing technical issues, and our team is working on restoring all functionality as soon as possible. We have disabled usage data extraction, while we're looking into the issue. If you need immediate access to usage reporting, please reach out to your SAE Mobilus sales representative. Thank you for your patience, and we apologize for the inconvenience.

[ARCHIVED] Important Notice: Sunset of Mobilus 3.0

[LATEST UPDATE] The legacy version of Mobilus (Mobilus 3.0) has now been officially sunset. Thank you for your valuable feedback and continued support in helping to improve Mobilus. - The Mobilus team -- [PREVIOUS MESSAGE HISTORY] IMPORTANT UPDATE: Sunset of Mobilus 3.0 (legacy version) We would like to inform you of an important update regarding SAE Mobilus - As part of our ongoing commitment to enhancing your experience, the legacy version of the platform (Mobilus 3.0) will be phased out on October 31, 2024. The current website with the newly redesigned interface introduced back in April, featuring an intuitive interface, improved search capabilities, advanced search, and in-depth browsing capabilities, will continue to remain operational going forward to support your needs. What You Need to Know: Last Day of Service (Mobilus 3.0): October 31, 2024 Content Access: You will retain access to all subscribed content through your institutional subscription. Personal Preferences Migration: While most settings tied to your Dasboard in Mobilus 3.0 (alerts, annotations, folders) will transfer over to the new platform, saved searches will not be retained and will need to be recreated in the new platform through your complimentary My Library account. Access the New Platform: Your institutional preferences around login (IP authentication, SSO, username/password) will be retained. We appreciate your understanding during this transition. Thank you for your continued support. If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to contact us. Answers to common questions / FAQs are accessible here. Best regards, The Mobilus Team SAE International

SAE International Digitization and AI Policy (ACTIVE)

SAE International prohibits the entry of SAE Content into any form of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT, OpenAI, or Microsoft Copilot. Additionally, creating derivatives of SAE Content using AI is also prohibited without express written permission from SAE International. In the case of such use, SAE International will suspend access to SAE Content, and further legal action will be considered.

Welcome to the new SAE Mobilus® (ACTIVE)

Welcome to the new era of SAE Mobilus®, redesigned with a modern, intuitive web interface featuring enhanced search capabilities to help you stay informed and easily discover content. Login today: To access content within your subscription and make the most of the platform, please log into your subscription and your personal My Library (sign up is free) located in the top right corner of the screen. Key Features Intuitive User Interface: We've listened to our customers and tied this to the best practices in the industry to offer an improved, intuitive, and desirable website experience for our users. Improved In-app Discoverability: Enhanced search and expanded menu featuring search suggestions that allow for quick discovery of content. Announcements: Stay up to date on new features through a dedicated announcements page. Most recent announcements also get featured on the homepage. Enhanced Browse capabilities: Browse through over 200,000 publications that are now classified into categories commonly used across the industry. Deep-dive further into any topic or sub-topic of interest to make the most for your corporate projects or research. Smart Automation: "Meta Tags" on each result will help you find content related to your search. My Library: My dashboard is rebranded as My Library with powerful features to help you make the most out of the platform Mobile Friendly: Upgraded navigation on mobile devices Training Available SAE’s Customer Success team is dedicated to delivering the best platform experience possible. Through monthly trainings and short, on-demand video tutorials, find answers to your questions here: SAE Mobilus Spotlight training - Available monthly, hosted live by SAE’s Customer Success team Mobilus Minute – 2-minute videos, available on-demand Need some troubleshooting help? Access our FAQs by visiting our Help section: https://saemobilus.sae.org/help/home Resources to help you navigate the new platform are available here, where you can find links to quick start guides and video tutorials on features like My Library, Announcements, Saved Search, Login and new features. Have feedback that you'd like to share with us? Please submit your feedback to the Mobilus team through the blue Knowledge bot in the bottom right hand corner of the new platform.

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Recent SAE Edge™ Research Reports

Browse All 164

The Future of Automotive Powertrain Development: Insights from the Chinese Market

EPR202500403/03/2025

The electrification momentum of automotive powertrains has slowed down globally in recent years. At the same time, hybrid powertrains, once treated as transitional technology so as to be ignored, have achieved outstanding market performance and are increasingly gaining attention. A diversified powertrain technology landscape is gradually forming over the previous internal combustion dominant or the expected battery electric dominant scenarios. Due to misinformation and the communication barrier, some perceptions about China's automotive industry and powertrain technology within the international community remain partial, outdated, and misleading. The Future of Automotive Powertrain Development: Insights from the Chinese Market speaks to future trends for automotive powertrains and promotes the formation of a global consensus by sharing insights from powertrain experts at leading Chinese automakers and providing firsthand insights into the actual state of the Chinese automotive industry

Barriers to Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Metal Additive Manufacturing

EPR202500101/14/2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to significantly impact metal additive manufacturing (AM). Understanding how one might use AI in AM is challenging because AM experts are not AI experts, nor the other way around. This document introduces AI in AM and guides researchers in accessing relevant literature. It also discusses the hype surrounding AI in AM, the rush to publish peer-reviewed papers that use AI in AM, and the resulting uneven quality of the literature. Conclusions regarding the application of AI in both large and small enterprises are discussed. This document is intended to help illuminate AI in AM for Hands-on engineers who need to quickly understand what levels of problems they might encounter when dealing with AI in AM Engineering managers who need to stay current on emerging trends in their technical realm of responsibilities Policymakers who may not have the relevant technical expertise Faculty and students who want an introduction to AI in AM NOTE: SAE Edge Research

AI in Wonderland: Engineering in the Age of Overpromised Technology

EPR202500201/14/2025

This report explores the move from traditional industry practices to emerging technologies, specifically the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) solutions in engineering service sectors. It highlights the increasing problem of “technology washing,” when organizations overstate (sometimes deceivingly) their technology abilities and ethics, posing challenges to accountability, transparency, and trust in various fields. The rise of AI-based solutions in sectors like autonomous mobility, manufacturing, and aerospace has exposed a contrast between ambitious future aspirations and current technological barriers. With this, the role of human knowledge in guaranteeing ethical, efficient, and clear technology incorporation becomes essential. Starting with an examination of today’s technological scene, this report tackles topics such as the buzz around autonomous systems and the difficulties of standardizing fresh innovations. It also points out the problem of organizations exaggerating

Beyond Aviation: Embedded Gaming, Artificial Intelligence, Training, and Recruitment for the Advanced Air Mobility Industry

EPR202402812/12/2024

Recent advancements in electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft and the broader advanced air mobility (AAM) movement have generated significant interest within and beyond the traditional aviation industry. Many new applications have been identified and are under development, with considerable potential for market growth and exciting potential. However, talent resources are the most critical parameters to make or break the AAM vision, and significantly more talent is needed than the traditional aviation industry is able to currently generate. One possible solution—leverage rapid advancements of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and the gaming industry to help attract, identify, educate, and encourage current and future generations to engage in various aspects of the AAM industry. Beyond Aviation: Embedded Gaming, Artificial Intelligence, Training, and Recruitment for the Advanced Air Mobility Industry discusses how the modern gaming population of 3.3 million

Unsettled Issues Regarding Electric Vehicle Battery Recycling

EPR202403012/12/2024

In today's world, the electric vehicle (EV) industry is experiencing a remarkable boom with increasing global demand. With it, comes the surging and unprecedented need for EV batteries. Recycling these batteries has become of crucial importance, as it not only plays a vital role in ensuring the security of the battery supply chain but also serves as a key measure for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, there are still several issues that remain unresolved in this domain. Unsettled Issues Regarding Electric Vehicle Battery Recycling delves deep into these issues, thoroughly exploring the current state of the industry and potential solutions to drive sustainable EV battery recycling. By addressing these challenges, we can strive towards a more sustainable future in the EV sector. Click here to access the full SAE EDGETM Research Report portfolio.

SAE J3016 as a Learning Device for the Driving Automation Community: Technical, Socio-technical, and Systemic Learning

EPR202402912/12/2024

It is the tenth anniversary of SAE International’s Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice effort SAE J3016 to establish a nomenclature standard for driving automation systems and levels of automation. While not exhaustive, this report covers motivation, initiation, and continued development of J3016 regarding driving automation systems, noting that J3016 evolved as a learning device that facilitated the evolution of driving automation systems. It initially worked by establishing common terminology for the technical learning in the field, but over time, J3016 expanded to recognize the human roles in driving automation systems, with later iterations considering broader transportation ecosystems, including fleet operations and remote assistance centers. SAE J3016 as a Learning Device for the Driving Automation Community: Technical, Socio-technical, and Systemic Learning emphasizes ongoing learning to integrate diverse insights about technical, social, and socio-technical challenges of

Low-carbon Hydrogen Use Across Economic Sectors and Global Regions

EPR202402611/25/2024

There is great recognition regarding the importance of hydrogen as an energy route for the decarbonization of road vehicles. Several countries are making large investments to create products, services, and infrastructures that allow hydrogen to be used as a clean source for propulsion, but there are still many open questions. This complete hydrogen chain involves production, transformation, transport, storage, and use. Although many initiatives are seeking global production, the use of low-carbon hydrogen is not yet economically competitive. Therefore, for this industry to establish itself, and acknowledging the characteristics of each region, there needs to be more intense coordination of efforts between the different industrial and political segments. Low-carbon Hydrogen Use Across Economic Sectors and Global Regions establishes premises for the hydrogen economy and its main environmental aspects. It also includes proposals and scenarios to establish a strategy that relates to

The Software-defined Vehicle: Its Current Trajectory and Execution Challenges

EPR202402711/25/2024

Original equipment manufacturers, Tier 1 suppliers, and the rest of the value chain, including the semiconductor industry, are reshaping their product portfolios, development processes, and business models to support this transformation to software-defined vehicles (SDVs). The focus on software is rippling out through the automotive sector, forcing the industry to rethink organization, leadership, processes, and future roadmaps. The Software-defined Vehicle: Its Current Trajectory and Execution Challenges assesses the state of SDVs and explores the potential hurdles to execution and examines the work being done in the industry. The goal is to evaluate whether the implementation of SDVs will encounter the same fate as electrification or autonomous technologies, which after some level of disillusionment, are expected to pick up momentum in a more mature way. Click here to access the full SAE EDGETM Research Report portfolio.

Product Governance and Management for Software-defined Battery Electric Vehicles

EPR202402510/21/2024

In recent years, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have experienced significant sales growth, marked by advancements in features and market delivery. This evolution intersects with innovative software-defined vehicles, which have transformed automotive supply chains, introducing new BEV brands from both emerging and mature markets. The critical role of software in software-defined battery electric vehicles (SD-BEVs) is pivotal for enhancing user experience and ensuring adherence to rigorous safety, performance, and quality standards. Effective governance and management are crucial, as failures can mar corporate reputations and jeopardize safety-critical systems like advanced driver assistance systems. Product Governance and Management for Software-defined Battery Electric Vehicles addresses the complexities of SD-BEV product governance and management to facilitate safer vehicle deployments. By exploring these challenges, it aims to enhance internal processes and foster cross

Multi-sensor Fusion-based Vehicle Localization

EPR202402310/21/2024

Multi-sensor fusion (MSF) is believed to be a promising tool for vehicular localization in urban environments. Due to the differences in principles and performance of various onboard vehicle sensors, MSF inevitably suffers from heterogeneous sources and vulnerability to cyber-attacks. Therefore, an essential requirement of MSF is the capability of providing a consumer-grade solution that operates in real-time, is accurate, and immune to abnormal conditions with guaranteed performance and quality of service for location-based applications. In other words, an MSF algorithm depends heavily on data synchronization, cost, an accurate process model, a prior knowledge of covariance matrices, integrity assessments, and security against cyber-attacks. Multi-sensor Fusion-based Vehicle Localization addresses trending technologies in MSF-based vehicle localization and outlines some insights into the unsettled issues and their potential solutions. The discussions and outlook are presented as a

Latest Journal Issues

Browse All 16

Passenger Vehicle Systems

Electrified Vehicles

Advances and Current Practices in Mobility

Sustainable Transportation, Energy, Environment, & Policy

Transportation Cybersecurity and Privacy

Connected and Automated Vehicles

Vehicle Dynamics, Stability, and NVH

Transportation Safety

Alternative Powertrains

Commercial Vehicles

Aerospace

Fuels and Lubricants

Materials and Manufacturing

Engines

Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems

Recent Books

Browse All 684

Aerospace Standards Index - 2025

ASIN202502/05/2025

This valuable resource lists all Aerospace Standards (AS), Aerospace Recommended Practices (ARP), Aerospace Information Reports (AIR), and Aerospace Resource Documents (ARD) published by SAE. Each listing includes title, subject, document number, key words, new and revised documents, and DODISS-adopted documents. AMS Index - Now Available!

January 2025 AMS Index

AMSJAN-202501/24/2025

Energy Efficiency of Vehicles, Second Edition

R-579-M01/02/2025

This eBook has been provided as the textbook for course number MECH ENG 5543 at Missouri State University. "Energy Efficiency of Vehicles" offers a comprehensive guide to understanding the critical relationship between energy usage and environmental impact. As we face pivotal decisions about energy in the coming decades, this book equips readers with the scientific knowledge needed to make informed, rational choices. In this updated edition, readers will explore: • Detailed calculations related to energy, power, and efficiency. • The environmental consequences of energy consumption. • Models illustrating the impact of city driving on the energy efficiency and fuel economy of cars and trucks. Ideal for students, professionals, and anyone passionate about sustainable energy solutions, this book provides the tools to analyze and improve vehicle energy efficiency, fostering a cleaner and more sustainable future.

Spacecraft System Health Management: Current Practices and Emerging Technologies

R-56612/12/2024

Ensuring the safe and reliable operation of spacecraft is a complex task that requires advanced technologies and innovative approaches. This comprehensive guide provides a deep dive into the world of spacecraft system health management. From understanding the intricacies of spacecraft systems to exploring cutting-edge technologies like AI and digital twins, this book offers a valuable resource for anyone interested in the field. Key Features: - Clear and accessible language: The book is written for both technical experts and general readers, making it easy to understand complex concepts. - Real-world examples: Case studies and examples from actual missions bring the theoretical concepts to life. - Future-focused: The book explores emerging technologies that are shaping the future of spacecraft health management, giving readers a glimpse into the future of space exploration. Whether you're a seasoned space engineer or simply curious about the wonders of space exploration, this book

SAE International’s Dictionary of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

R-56112/04/2024

Welcome to SAE International’s Dictionary of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, the ultimate reference for mastering the complex and fast-evolving world of electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. Designed for engineers, researchers, students, and enthusiasts, this comprehensive guide is your key to navigating the intricate vocabulary and concepts driving the future of sustainable transportation. As the automotive industry pivots toward greener, more efficient solutions, understanding the terminology and technology behind electric and hybrid vehicles is crucial. This dictionary offers precise, accessible definitions for a wide range of terms—from foundational principles to the latest innovations in battery technology, motor design, and smart charging systems. Each entry has been meticulously curated by experts to ensure accuracy and relevance, providing clear explanations that enhance both comprehension and application. Reflecting the most recent advancements in automotive engineering

Basic Science and Art of Aircraft Wreckage Reconstruction, Second Edition

R-58712/02/2024

Discover the Art and Science of Aircraft Wreckage Reconstruction "Provides excellent guidance on the documentation and reconstruction process and is a good field guide for anyone investigating an aircraft accident." ― Anthony T. Brickhouse, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Dive into the essential aspects of aircraft crash investigation with the new edition of Basic Science and Art of Aircraft Wreckage Reconstruction. Written by industry veteran Don Knutson, this comprehensive guide covers the intricacies of investigating crashes, the mindset needed for thorough investigations, and the step-by-step processes for on-scene reconstruction. Designed for practitioners, students, and enthusiasts alike, this book offers detailed references for further reading and research. Through generic yet real-life scenarios, Knutson provides valuable insights into aircraft crash investigations. Whether you're with a government aviation agency, a manufacturer, the military, an insurance company, law

Fires in Conventional and Electrified Vehicles: Theory, Prevention, and Analysis

R-56711/19/2024

In the ever-evolving landscape of automotive technology, fire safety remains a critical concern. From the era of steam-powered vehicles to today’s cutting-edge electric and hybrid models, understanding the risks and preventive measures for automotive fires is essential for protecting lives and assets. In Fires in Conventional and Electrified Vehicles, Erbis Biscarri, a seasoned expert with extensive experience in both automotive equipment manufacturing and major car manufacturers, presents a definitive guide on the subject. This book provides a thorough exploration of the physical phenomena leading to vehicle fires, offering in-depth analysis methods and prevention strategies tailored to both traditional internal combustion engines and the latest hybrid and electric vehicles. Organized into three key sections—Theory, Prevention, and Analysis—the book delves into the fundamental concepts of fire initiation, sustenance, and propagation, covering a wide range of vehicle systems. It

Energy Efficiency of Vehicles, Second Edition

R-57911/14/2024

"Energy Efficiency of Vehicles" offers a comprehensive guide to understanding the critical relationship between energy usage and environmental impact. As we face pivotal decisions about energy in the coming decades, this book equips readers with the scientific knowledge needed to make informed, rational choices. In this updated edition, readers will explore: • Detailed calculations related to energy, power, and efficiency. • The environmental consequences of energy consumption. • Models illustrating the impact of city driving on the energy efficiency and fuel economy of cars and trucks. Ideal for students, professionals, and anyone passionate about sustainable energy solutions, this book provides the tools to analyze and improve vehicle energy efficiency, fostering a cleaner and more sustainable future.

Intelligent Electric Vehicles

R-58411/01/2024

Embark on a journey into the future of transportation with Intelligent Electric Vehicles. This comprehensive guide demystifies complex concepts, offering a roadmap to harness the monetization opportunities within the thriving IEV ecosystem. From management strategies to cutting-edge technology, this book provides a holistic perspective on the IEV industry. Explore real-world case studies, learn about emerging trends like cockpit intelligence and connected vehicles, and discover how to navigate the challenges and opportunities of this transformative space. Key Features: • Interdisciplinary approach: Bridges the gap between management and technology. • Real-world case studies: Grounds theoretical knowledge in practical applications. • Future-focused insights: Prepares readers for the next wave of innovations. • Monetization roadmap: Offers strategic advice for capitalizing on IEV advancements. Whether you're an automotive industry professional, technology enthusiast, or investor

By the Numbers: Principles of Automotive Parts Management, Second Edition

R-57710/28/2024

In By the Numbers, industry expert Gary J. Naples offers a comprehensive guide to navigating the complexities of modern parts department management. Designed for both new and experienced professionals, this book provides a solid foundation in essential business and personnel management techniques. Understanding that effective parts management requires more than just product knowledge, the author explores the broader aspects of the role, including: • Business acumen: Develop the financial and operational skills needed to succeed. • Inventory management: Optimize stock levels and reduce costs. • Team leadership: Build and motivate a high-performing team. • Customer service: Deliver exceptional service to enhance customer satisfaction. Featuring a new self-assessment tool, Inventory Effectiveness Quotient (IEQ), this book empowers parts managers to measure and benchmark their department's performance. With clear explanations, practical examples, and real-world case studies, By the Numbers

Recently Published

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Automated Generation of Parking Data Sets for Underground Car Parks

2025-01-7191

03/19/2025

The advancement of autonomous driving perception frequently necessitates the aggregation of data, its subsequent annotation, the implementation of training procedures, and other related activities. In contrast, the utilisation of synthetic data obviates the necessity for data collection, annotation, and the generation of accurate and reliable labels. Its incorporation into the development process is anticipated to streamline the entire algorithmic development process. In this study, we propose a novel approach utilising the Blender software to create a virtual representation of an underground car park and develop an automated parking dataset. The utilisation of virtual simulation technology enables the generation of diverse and high-quality training data, thereby addressing the challenge of acquiring data in the actual scene. The experimental results demonstrate that the model trained based on the synthetic dataset exhibits superior performance in the automatic parking task, thereby

Li, Jiakai, Liu, Yangle, Rong, Zheng

A Unified-BEV Network for Joint 3D Object Detection and Map Segmentation in Complex Traffic Scenario

2025-01-7202

03/19/2025

Recently, the multi-view image-based Bird’s Eye View (BEV) perception for autonomous driving has gained considerable attention due to its cost-effectiveness and capacity for rich semantic information. However, the majority of existing studies focus primarily on improving the performance of single task, neglect to utilize the dense and robust BEV representation that is beneficial for various downstream tasks such as 3D object detection, semantic map segmentation. These approaches inherently add extra computational burden due to repeated feature extraction and propagation for different tasks. To this end, we develop a network that simultaneously performs 3D object detection and map segmentation in a unified BEV representation space with multi-camera perspective view (PV) image inputs. Firstly, a shared network includes image feature extractor and PV-BEV transformation is employed to generate a unified BEV feature. The BEV feature serves as the input for the decoders of various tasks

Li, Mohan, Song, Tao, Xu, Yanhai, Zhou, Zhisong, Zhou, Guofeng, Liu, Xulei

Security Recommendations for Interfaces to On-Vehicle Networks

J193991A_202503 (Current)

03/19/2025

This document provides recommendations to vehicle manufacturers, ECU developers, and other device suppliers in securing the SAE J1939 network from cybersecurity risks. This document focuses on security measures related to on-vehicle network architecture and security measures for communication interfaces between devices, ECUs, or networks. The focus is on security related to network communications on the vehicle side of off-vehicle interfaces, such as the SAE J1939-13 connector. The recommendations in this document aim to address cybersecurity risks presented by communication between the vehicle and the rest of the supporting ecosystem via the vehicle networks. The risk focus is on safety and operational risks, although other risks are possible. This document should be used as a reference to current best practices for addressing off-vehicle communication security. This document focuses on recommendations related to the Secure Architecture and Secure Connectivity aspects of vehicle

Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee

Monitoring Compaction Of cement Stabilized Macadam Using Smart Aggregate Sensor

2025-01-7151

03/19/2025

Monitoring changes in pavement material compaction degree and analyzing the interaction mechanism between particles are essential for improving compaction quality. In this paper, an on-site intelligent compaction test was carried out using intelligent sensor, the correlation between the in-situ test results and the intelligent compaction measurement value (ICMV) was written, and the influences of moisture content on the correlations were discussed. Further, the gyratory compaction tests were carried out using smart aggregate (SA) sensors to investigate the characteristics of the sensing results during the gyratory compaction of mixtures with different moisture contents, revealing the interaction mechanism between particles. Finally, the compaction characteristic indexes CEI, CDI and CSI were proposed using the SA sensing results, which were used to characterize the flow, compaction degree and stability characteristics of the mixtures, respectively. The conclusions of the study are of

Wang, Ning, Li, Qiang, Wang, Jiaqing

An Enhanced Approach for Improving Waterborne Positioning Accuracy Utilizing Multi-Epoch Elevation Constraints in Mobile RTK

2025-01-7156

03/19/2025

The rapid advancement of inland waterway transport has led to safety concerns, while real-time high-precision positioning in maritime contexts is essential for enhancing navigation efficiency and safety. To tackle this problem, this paper proposes a method for enhancing the accuracy of maritime Real - Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning using smartphones based on multi-epoch elevation constraints. Firstly, the elevation characteristics of smartphones in a maritime context were analyzed. Subsequently, exploiting the feature of gradual elevation variations when vessels navigate inland rivers, an appropriate sliding window was established to construct elevation constraint values, which were then integrated into the observation equations for filtering computations to boost positioning accuracy. Finally, synchronous observations were carried out using smartphones and geodetic receivers to compare and analyze the positioning accuracy before and after the addition of the elevation constraints

Wumaier, Diliyaer, Yu, Xianwen, Mu, Hongbo

Freeway Traffic Conflict Forecasting: A Machine Learning Approach with RF-LSTM Integration

2025-01-7138

03/19/2025

This paper aims to forecast and examine traffic conflicts by integrating Random Forest (RF) alongside Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM). The paper begins with the Random Forest method, pinpointing essential elements affecting traffic conflicts, revealing that the speed difference between interacting vehicles and their leaders, as well as the average headway and distance have significant effects on the occurrence of traffic conflicts. The forecasted Time to Collision (TTC) metric demonstrates extraordinary accuracy, confirming the creation of a precise traffic conflict forecast model. The model expertly predicts the vehicle's trajectory. This model skillfully anticipates vehicle paths and potential traffic conflict, demonstrating strong alignment with actual traffic patterns and offering support for traffic management by highlighting imminent risks. Merging RF with feature selection and LSTM for temporal dynamics enhances the forecasting capability. Furthermore, it also illuminates

Cui, XinYuan, Shi, Xiaomeng, Shao, Yichang

A Method for Constructing Software and Hardware of a Multi-Source Fusion Intelligent Driving

2025-01-7158

03/19/2025

To meet the requirements of high-precision and stable positioning for autonomous driving vehicles in complex urban environments, this paper designs and develops a multi-sensor fusion intelligent driving hardware and software system based on BDS, IMU, and LiDAR. This system aims to fill the current gap in hardware platform construction and practical verification within multi-sensor fusion technology. Although multi-sensor fusion positioning algorithms have made significant progress in recent years, their application and validation on real hardware platforms remain limited. To address this issue, the system integrates BDS dual antennas, IMU, and LiDAR sensors, enhancing signal reception stability through an optimized layout design and improving hardware structure to accommodate real-time data acquisition and processing in complex environments. The system’s software design is based on factor graph optimization algorithms, which use the global positioning data provided by BDS to constrain

Zhan, KaiDi, Gao, Chengfa, Xu, Dawei, Lan, Minyi, Ding, Rongjing

Real-World Vehicle Estimation and Control of Indirect Emissions Control and Performance Evaluation of Electric Vehicles with In-Wheel Motors

03-18-02-0016

03/17/2025

The growing number of automobiles on the road has raised awareness about environmental sustainability and transportation alternatives, sparking ideas about future transportation. Few short-term alternatives meet consumer needs and enable mass production. Because they do not accurately reflect real-world driving. Current models are unable to estimate vehicle emissions. However, the purpose of this research is to present an application of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for managing the various factors contributing to vehicle gasoline engine exhaust emissions. It examines how well the three known standardized driving cycles (DSCs). Accurately reflect real-world driving and evaluate the impact of real-world driving on vehicle emissions. Indirect emissions are inversely proportional to the vehicle’s fuel consumption. The methodology used is Eco-score methodology to calculate indirect emissions of light vehicles. Expected emission charge estimates for different using styles

Shiba, Mohamed S., Abouel-Seoud, Shawki A., Aboelsoud, W., Abdallah, Ahmed S.

Study of Vibrations in a Motorcycle Chassis

2025-01-5014

03/17/2025

The study of vibrations in the structures of vehicles are very important to ensure its quality and integrity; thus, the study of the dynamic behavior of a motorcycle chassis is highly significant for their improvement. For that study, the modal analysis allows us to obtain the dynamic properties of the structure, such as its inertia and stiffness. Likewise, the damping is also an important parameter, which could be obtained by the frequency response function (FRF) of an impact load. In a motorcycle the engine, producing a broad frequency range, is the main source of excitation. A harmonic analysis with a shaker producing a frequency sweep allows one to better understand the vibratory transfer function between the engine and all the parts of the motorcycle. The experimental modal analysis (EMA) was used to characterize the dynamic behavior of the chassis. For that, a software was developed to use in a commercial board for the acquisition and processing of the accelerometer’s signals to

Paiva, Antonio Pedro, Vaz, Mario, Lopes, Hernâni

SAE TOMORROW TODAY BRIEFS - Perfecting Solid-State Battery Production

1350603/13/2025

When it comes to electrification, Honda has been focused on long-term strategy, emphasizing that the transition to EVs is a marathon, not a sprint. Recently, however, the company has been bullish on solid-state battery technology. By using a solid electrolyte instead of a liquid one, solid-state batteries offer advantages like higher energy density, reduced weight, and improved safety compared to liquid lithium-ion batteries. After perfecting the production of solid-state batteries in a lab environment, Honda is now focused on mass production. The company recently opened a test factory to produce battery packs for future EVs and to refine the production process. To learn more, Roberto Baldwin, Sustainability Editor, SAE Sustainable Mobility Solutions, sat down with Chris Martin, Technological Director of Communications, to discuss Honda's advancements in solid-state battery technology and the company's future plans for electrification. For more information on the evolution of

Hineman, Marcie

Optimization of Abrasive Water Jet Machining of Al 6061-T6 Alloy Using Taguchi-Based Gray Relational Analysis-Coupled Principal Component Analysis Hybrid Approach

05-18-03-0023

03/13/2025

Abrasive water jet (AWJ) machining is the most effective technology for processing various engineering materials particularly difficult-to-cut materials such as aluminum alloys, steels, brass, ceramics, composites, and the like. The present study focuses on the experimental study on surface roughness and kerf taper is carried out during AWJ machining of Al 6061-T6 alloy with 40 mm thickness, and the influence of process parameters includes water jet pressure, standoff distance, and abrasive flow rate on the kerf taper and surface roughness is analyzed. The number of experiments is designed using Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array. Experimental results are statistically analyzed using ANOVA. Also gray relational analysis (GRA) coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) hybrid approach was implemented to optimize the performance parameters. From the results it is found that standoff distance and hydraulic jet pressure are the most influencing parameters on surface roughness and kerf

Kolluri, Siva Prasad, Srikanth, V., Ismail, Sk., Bhanu, C.H.

SAE TOMORROW TODAY: SAE J3108: Alerting First Responders to Lithium-Ion Batteries

1350503/10/2025

Less than one-third of first responders are trained on lithium-ion battery incidents, leading to potentially dangerous situations that can occur during vehicle fires, especially as the adoption of EVs grows. To help address this challenge, first responders must first know whether a vehicle is equipped with a lithium-ion battery or another alternative fuel source. In this episode of the SAE Tomorrow Today podcast, we sit down with Robert Swaim, Founder, HowItBroke.com, to discuss the SAE J3108 standard which proposes vehicle stickers to indicate fuel type, aiming to alert first responders on the scene. We'd love to hear from you. Share your comments, questions and ideas for future topics and guests to podcast@sae.org. Don't forget to take a moment to follow SAE Tomorrow Today--a podcast where we discuss emerging technology and trends in mobility with the leaders, innovators and strategists making it all happen--and give us a review on your preferred podcasting platform. Follow SAE on

Hineman, Marcie

Standard for Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment Operating on Land Highways - Supplemental Information - Memorialized Development Materials

J3097/1_202503 (Current)03/10/2025

Historical materials, task force mission statement, task force organizational documents, discussion documents, comparison tables, spreadsheets, government interpretations and announcements, standards organization correspondence, industry interpretations, international standards, task force proposals, material references, trade association statements, equipment manufacturer reviews, and other task-force-developed documents that were inspected, reviewed, referenced, or used in development of SAE J3097/ANSI Z26.1.

Glazing Materials Standards Committee

Stir Casting Synthesis and Evaluation of SiC Nanoparticle-Reinforced AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Nanocomposites

2025-01-5013

03/10/2025

In an attempt to improve its mechanical characteristics in the as-fasted conditions, the AZ31 Mg alloy was investigated herein from being reinforced with diverse SiC weight percentages (3, 6, and 9 wt.%). To develop lightweight AZ31-SiC composites, a simple and inexpensive technique, the stir casting process, was used. Microstructural analysis of the as-cast samples showed that the SiC particles were distributed rather uniformly, were firmly bonded to the matrix, and had very little porosity. The substantial improvement in tensile, compressive, and hardness characteristics was caused by fragmentation and spreading of the Mg17Al12 phase, while the addition of SiC had only a slight effect on the microstructure in the as-cast state. Surfaces of AZ31-SiC composites were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. A study identified the AZ31-SiC composite as a unique material for applications involving a high compressive strength, such as those found in the aviation and automobile

Thillikkani, S., Kumar, N. Mathan, Francis Luther King, M., Soundararajan, R., Kannan, S.

Digital Annex of Medium/Heavy-Duty E/E Systems Diagnosis Nomenclature

J2403DA_202503 (Current)03/10/2025

This document is intended to supplement SAE J2403 by providing the content of Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 from SAE J2403 in a form that can be sorted and searched for easier use. It is NOT intended as a substitute for the actual document, and any discrepancies between this Digital Annex and the published SAE J2403 document must be resolved in favor of the published document. This document provides the content of Table 1 and Table 2 published in SAE J2403 into the single table in the 'Term' tab, while the 'Recommended Term Definitions' tab provides the content of Table 3 in SAE J2403 and the 'Glossary' tab provides the content of Table 4 in SAE J2403.

Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee

Probabilistic Analysis Approach to Evaluate Gear Tooth Strength in the Hypocycloid Engine

03-18-02-0015

03/08/2025

This study introduces a probabilistic analysis approach to evaluate the gear tooth strength for the hypocycloid engines, which are particularly significant in internal combustion (IC) engine applications due to their unique design and critical requirements for both efficiency and durability. The research utilizes the stress–strength interference (SSI) theory within a “design for reliability” framework to develop a robust methodology for designing the internal gear mechanism required for the hypocycloid gear mechanism (HGM) engine, in accordance with American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA) standard gear rating practices. This approach incorporates probabilistic factors to address variations in HGM component parameters, gear material properties, and engine operational conditions. To validate the design and ensure accuracy, a finite element method (FEM)-based verification is employed, to identify potential failure points and enhance the overall reliability of the HGM engine. The

ElBahloul, Mostafa A., Aziz, ELsayed S., Chassapis, Constantin

A Study for Electric Vehicles Lithium-Ion Battery State Joint Estimation: Based on 2-RC Fractional Model

13-06-01-0007

03/08/2025

In the pursuit of enhancing the reliability of battery health management methods, accurate estimation of state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) remains a critical challenge. This article presents a novel fusion estimation algorithm, combining a dual extended Kalman filter (EKF) with a particle filter (PF), based on a fractional-order 2-RC battery model (FOEKPF–EKF). The 2-RC fractional-order model (FOM) is first implemented to accurately depict the battery’s discharge behavior, outperforming traditional integer-order models (IOM) due to its ability to capture the cell’s intrinsic diffusion and dispersion characteristics. An adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) is then employed for optimal parameter identification of the FOM, ensuring precise modeling. Following this, the FOEKPF–EKF algorithm is developed, leveraging the strengths of FOM, EKF, and PF to effectively handle uncertain, time-varying noise, thereby improving SOC estimation accuracy. The reliability of the proposed

Wang, Ke, Mo, Jian, Li, Dan, Zhou, Ying, Yuan, Zhangyong

Research on Automatic Emergency Braking Pedestrian System Considering Road Adhesion Coefficient

10-09-03-0022

03/08/2025

To further optimize the automatic emergency braking for pedestrian (AEB-P) control algorithm, this study proposes an AEB-P hierarchical control strategy considering road adhesion coefficient. First, the extended Kalman filter is used to estimate the road adhesion coefficient, and the recursive least square method is used to predict the pedestrian trajectory. Then, a safety distance model considering the influence factor of road adhesion coefficient is proposed to adapt to different road conditions. Finally, the desired deceleration is converted into the desired pressure and desired current to the requirements of the electric power-assisted braking system. The strategy is verified through the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform; the simulation results show that the control algorithm proposed in this article can effectively avoid collision in typical scenarios, the safe distance of parking is between 0.61 m and 2.34 m, and the stop speed is in the range of 1.85 km/h–27.64 km/h.

Wang, Zijun, Wang, Liang, Ma, Liang, Sun, Yong, Li, Chenghao, Yang, Xinglong

Tolerances Nickel, Nickel Alloy, and Cobalt Alloy Sheet, Strip, and Plate

AMS2262J (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers established manufacturing tolerances applicable to sheet, strip, and plate of nickel, nickel alloys, and cobalt alloys ordered to inch/pound dimensions. These tolerances apply to all conditions, unless otherwise noted. The term “excl” is used to apply only to the higher figure of a specified range.

AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee

Titanium Alloy Tubing, Seamless, Hydraulic, 3.0Al - 2.5V, Cold Worked, Stress Relieved

AMS4944N (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of seamless tubing (see 8.6).

AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extruded Profiles (7349-T76511), 8.1Zn - 1.7Cu - 2.2Mg - 0.16Zr, Solution Heat Treated, Stress-Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4332B (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy procured in the form of extruded profiles (shapes) with cross sections up to 0.750 inch (19.05 mm) (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy Extrusions, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-T3), Solution Heat Treated and Cold Worked

AMS4152P (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, wire, shapes, and tubing produced with cross-sectional area of 32 square inches (206 cm2), maximum (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Plate (7085-T7451), 7.5Zn - 1.6Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.12Zr, Solution Heat Treated, Stress-Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4470D (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of plate 3.000 to 7.000 inches (76.20 to 177.80 mm) in nominal thickness (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Crane Hoist Line Speed and Power test Procedure

J820_202503 (Current)

03/05/2025

This document applies primarily to mobile cranes that lift loads by means of a drum and hoist line mechanism. It can be used to determine the hoist line speed and power of other hoist line mechanisms if the load can be held constant and hoist line travel distance is sufficient for the accuracy of the line speed measurements prescribed. This recommended practice applies to all mechanical, hydraulic, and electric powered hoist mechanisms.

Cranes and Lifting Devices Committee

SAE Megawatt Charging System for Electric Vehicles

J3271_202503 (Current)

03/05/2025

This SAE Technical Information Report (TIR) is based on the initial assumption that a system level standard covering all aspects of EV charging components and use cases would grow to be too large for one comprehensive document. Hence, the SAE J3271 work group was launched with five subtopics that could be subsections of one standard or a separate document for each topic. In this document, all five subtopics are compiled into one document. The recommended practice level documents will follow this structure, with added detail and streamlined content. The five subtopics that are now subsection numbers in this document include: SAE J3271/1 (see 5.1) Electromechanical Coupler Specifications SAE J3271/2 (see 5.2) Communication and Controls SAE J3271/3 (see 5.3) Cables/Cable Handling, Cooling, and Automated Connection Systems SAE J3271/4 (see 5.4) Use Cases Including Grid Interconnection, Black Start, and Bidirectional Power Transfer SAE J3271/5 (see 5.5) Interoperability Testing Requirements

Hybrid - EV Committee

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