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Structural Analysis of Two-Wheeler Handlebars under Varied Loads

2025-28-0053To be published on 02/07/2025

This study presents a comprehensive structural analysis of a two-wheeler handlebar subjected to various loading conditions, aiming to evaluate its strength, durability, and safety. During operation, two-wheelers encounter multiple forces, making the handlebar a critical component for rider control and safety. The analysis begins by investigating the different types of loads experienced during typical riding scenarios, including static loads when the bike is stationary, and dynamic loads arising from rider movements, braking, and handling. The primary objective is to understand how these loads impact the handlebar's structural integrity. To achieve this, critical load cases are identified and categorized. Braking loads, which apply force primarily in the forward direction due to deceleration, are examined. Manhandling loads are analyzed to understand the multidirectional forces acting on the handlebar during transportation and parking. Additionally, vertical loads are assessed

Prajapati, Akash, Rathore, Avijit Singh, Bhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu

Gear misalignment optimization for Electric Drive Unit using Machine learning based Prescriptive Analytics

2025-28-0166To be published on 02/07/2025

Gear mesh misalignment in electric drive unit may result in shifts in the load distribution of a gear pair that can increase contact and bending stresses. It may move the peak bending and contact stresses to the edge of the face width, and also increase gear noise. Lower misalignment value is often required to reduce the peak bending and contact stresses and have a balanced load distribution along the gear flank. This paper delineates a method which is also called prescriptive analytics that combines virtual simulations, Machine learning (ML) and optimization techniques to minimize different gear misalignments for electric vehicle drive unit. The gear misalignments are dependent on stiffness of different components in the drive unit. So, a comprehensive approach that incorporates effect of individual components and their interactions is needed. Generally, an assembly level virtual simulation is performed to evaluate gear misalignments. In order to minimize the misalignments, manual

Penumatsa, Venkata Ramana Raju, Thomas, Benson, Black, Derrick, Jain, Sachin

Enhancing Disc Brake Performance: Investigating Squeal Noise, Wear, and the Application of Functionally Graded Materials in Brake Rotors

2025-28-0162To be published on 02/07/2025

Disc brakes play a vital role in contemporary automotive braking systems, offering a dependable and effective means of decelerating or halting a vehicle. The disc brake assembly functions by converting the vehicle's kinetic energy into thermal energy through friction. Two key factors that greatly influence the brake assembly's performance and user experience are squeal noise and wear performance. This paper delves into the fundamental mechanisms behind squeal noise and assesses the wear performance of the disc brake assembly. Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are an innovative type of composite material, characterized by gradual variations in composition and structure throughout their volume, leading to changes in properties such as mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance. FGMs have emerged as a groundbreaking solution in the design and manufacturing of brake rotors, addressing significant challenges related to thermal stress, wear resistance, and overall

C V, Prasshanth, S, Gurumoorthy, Bhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu, S, Sridhar, S, Badri Narayanan, Kumar, Ajay, Biswas, Sayan

Forced Vibration Analysis of Cracked Functionally Graded Beams

2025-28-0169To be published on 02/07/2025

This study investigates the forced vibration characteristics of functionally graded material (FGM) beams with square cross-sections featuring V-shaped cracks. FGMs, characterized by a gradual transition in mechanical composition from a ceramic to a metallic surface, offer unique advantages in various engineering applications due to their non-uniform microstructure, which imparts varying material properties throughout the structure. This research employs ANSYS Workbench to conduct a comprehensive numerical analysis, focusing on evaluating the frequencies and mode shapes of cracked FGM beams under simply supported boundary conditions. The analysis delves into the impact of three critical crack parameters: crack opening width, crack depth, and crack location. The findings highlight that the crack opening width significantly influences the vibrational frequencies of the FGM beam. Specifically, as the crack opening width increases from 0.002 meters to 0.01 meters, the frequencies decrease

D, Manish, C V, Prasshanth, N, Suhas, Bhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu

Numerical Analysis of Capillary Performance of Various Lattice Structures for Vapor Chamber Application

2025-28-0062To be published on 02/07/2025

Additive manufacturing has made it possible for the design of increasingly complex structures that require precise manufacturing. This may be particularly beneficial for heat pipe and vapor chamber design – particularly for the wick structure, a very important component. This study uses numerical simulation to analyze three different types of lattice structures of increasing complexity, in terms of their capillary performance. This is one of the most important parameters which determine the wick efficacy. Simple cubic, Column and Octet lattice models are computationally designed and CFD is used to simulate capillary action in a pipe of 0.4 mm inner radius for 2 milliseconds, after validation of the numerical model with existing experimental results. It is found that the Octet lattice (with the most complex inner structure) has the greatest capillary rise in the same amount of time. The rate of rise is not uniform for any structure, but is highest for Octet. This study demonstrates the

Sundararaj, Senthilkumar, Hudge, Ajay, Basuroy, Suhashini, Kang, Shung-Wen

Thermal Buckling Analysis of Axially Layered Aluminium Zirconia Functionally Graded Beam

2025-28-0120To be published on 02/07/2025

This study investigates the thermal buckling behavior of functionally graded material (FGM) thin beams with potential applications in automotive structures. The FGM beam is comprised of four axially layered sections, where the volume fraction of metal and ceramic varies across the thickness. The buckling analysis is conducted under three different boundary conditions: clamped-clamped, simply-supported-simply-supported, and clamped-simply-supported. The primary objective is to identify the optimal thermal buckling temperature of the FGM thin beam using the Taguchi optimization method. The beam configurations are designed based on a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array and analyzed using finite element software (ANSYS). Layers 1-4 of the axially layered beam are considered process parameters, while the thermal buckling temperature is the response parameter. Minitab software performs an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level to determine the most significant layer and its relative

Pawale, Deepak, Bhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu

Optimizing Titanium Alloy Grade 7 Machining with Grey Relational Analysis

2025-28-0049To be published on 02/07/2025

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a highly efficient method for creating intricate structures in materials that conduct electricity, irrespective of their level of hardness. Due to the growing need for superior products and the requirement for quick design adjustments, decision-making in production has become more complex. This study focuses on Titanium Grade 5 and suggests creating predictive models utilizing a Taguchi-grey technique to achieve multi-objective optimization in ECM. The trials are structured based on Taguchi's principles, utilizing Taguchi-grey relational analysis (GRA) to simultaneously maximize several performance indicators. This entails optimizing the pace at which material is removed, decreasing the roughness of the surface, and attaining precise geometric tolerances. ANOVA is used to assess the relevance of process variables that affect these measures. The suggested predictive technique for Titanium Grade 5 outperforms current models in terms of flexibility

Pasupuleti, Thejasree, Natarajan, Manikandan, Kumar, V, Sagaya Raj, Gnana, Krishnamachary, PC, Silambarasan, R

Cutting-Edge Coating Materials for Dual Fuel Diesel Engines Using Acetylene Aspiration

2025-28-0134To be published on 02/07/2025

A diesel engine with a Yttria Stabilised Zirconium (YSZ) thermal barrier layer (TBL) on the piston crown was used in an experiment. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the influence of the thermal barrier layer on the efficiency and pollution levels of a diesel engine. The selection of YSZ as the coating material was based on its desirable physical properties including a high coefficient of expansion when exposed to heat, low degree of thermal conductivity, and a high Poisson's number. These characteristics make it a suitable material for use in coatings applied to engine components. In addition to their current research, the scientists are also focusing on identifying sustainable substitutes for conventional petroleum fuels. This is because of the growing concern over environmental impacts and the limited availability of fossil fuel resources. The researchers are seeking new options that are both environmentally friendly and capable of meeting the world's energy demands. By

Sagaya Raj, Gnana, Natarajan, Manikandan, Pasupuleti, Thejasree

A reduced-order beam modelling approach of BIW for torsional and bending stiffness optimization

2025-28-0187To be published on 02/07/2025

NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) simulations of vehicle bodies are crucial for assessing performance during the design phase. However, these simulations typically require detailed CAD models and are time-consuming. In the early stages of vehicle development, when only high-level vehicle sections are available, designing the body-in-white (BIW) structure to meet target values for bending and torsional stiffness is challenging and often requires multiple iterations. To address these challenges, this study deploys a reduced-order modelling approach. This method involves identifying the beam-like sections and major joints within the BIW and calculating their sectional properties (area, area moments of inertia along the plane’s independent axes, and torsion constant). These components form a simplified skeleton model of the BIW. Load and boundary conditions are applied to the suspension mount locations at the front and rear of the vehicle, and NVH parameters are calculated. The results

Khan, Mohd Zishan Ali, Thanapati, Alok, Deshmukh, Chandrakant

Thermal Buckling Analysis of Axially Layered Aluminium Silicon Nitride Functionally Graded Thin Beam using Taguchi Method

2025-28-0172To be published on 02/07/2025

This study investigates the thermal buckling behavior of functionally graded material (FGM) thin beams, specifically targeting their application in engine hood panels. The FGM material utilizes Aluminum and Silicon Nitride, offering a combination of metal's strength and ceramic's heat resistance. The analysis focuses on optimizing the critical buckling temperature under various boundary conditions, mimicking the real-world scenario of an engine hood experiencing uneven heating. The FGM structure is designed with four axially arranged layers, where the ceramic and metal content gradually changes throughout the thickness. Finite element analysis software (ANSYS) is employed to evaluate the buckling behavior under different temperature loads. To optimize the thermal performance of the engine hood panel, the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array technique is implemented using Minitab 19 software. Layers 1-4 of the FGM beam are considered process parameters, and the critical buckling temperature

Pawale, Deepak, Bhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu

Investigating the Influence of Fiber Orientation on Frequency Response of Laminated Composite Plates using Taguchi Method

2025-28-0183To be published on 02/07/2025

This study investigates the frequency response characteristics of laminated composite rectangular plates, focusing on the influence of fiber orientation. The composite plates, composed of 12 layers of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites (GFRP), were chosen for their superior mechanical properties and broad applicability in engineering fields, including the automotive sector. In automotive engineering, these composites are valued for their lightweight properties and high strength, contributing to enhanced performance and fuel efficiency. The analysis employed a combination of finite element methods and Taguchi experimental design techniques to understand how fiber orientation affects the dynamic behavior of these plates. Finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted using ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL), a computational tool known for handling complex geometries and material behaviors accurately. This software enabled precise simulations of the dynamic responses of the

N, Suhas, C V, Prasshanth, U, Anish Kumar, Bhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu

Fabrication And Analysis of Pneumatically Actuated Soft Robotic Gripper With Negative Pressure

2025-28-0145To be published on 02/07/2025

Soft-bending actuators are gaining considerable attention in robotics for handling delicate objects and adapting to complex shapes, making them ideal for biomimetic robots. Soft pneumatic actuators (SPAs) are favoured in soft robotics due to their compliance and safety features. Using negative pressure for actuation, it enhances stability by reducing the risk of sudden or unintended movements, crucial for delicate handling and consistent performance. Negative pressure actuation is more energy-efficient, safe and are less prone to leakage, increasing reliability and durability. This paper involves development of a new soft pneumatic actuator design by comparing various designs and to determine its performance parameters. This paper depicts on designing, and fabricating flexible soft pneumatic actuators working under negative pressure for soft robotic applications. Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted to characterise the properties of materials used to fabricate the soft actuator, and

Warriar J S, Sreejith, Sadique, Anwar, George, Boby

Optimization of WEDM Parameters for Invar 36 Automotive Components Using Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis

2025-28-0153To be published on 02/07/2025

Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is an essential procedure used to shape intricate geometries in conductive materials such as Invar 36, which is recognized for its minimal thermal expansion characteristics used for high temperature applications especially in automobile engine parts and exhaust valves. The objective of this study is to improve the effectiveness and precision of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) for Invar 36 material by utilizing Taguchi-based Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The study examines the impact of WEDM parameters, specifically pulse-on time, pulse-off time, and discharge current, on important machining outcomes such as surface roughness (Ra), material removal rate (MRR). The experimentation have been planned and conduced as per Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design. Grey relational grades are computed to measure the correlation between input parameters and machining responses, enabling the determination of the most favourable parameter

Natarajan, Manikandan, Pasupuleti, Thejasree, Kumar, V, Sagaya Raj, Gnana, Krishnamachary, PC, Silambarasan, R

A Novel Approach to develop the Exhaust Backpressure Measurement System for Automotive Application

2025-28-0168To be published on 02/07/2025

Backpressure is one of key acoustic performance evaluation criteria of exhaust muffler (or Silencer) /EATS (Exhaust after treatment system) as well as for the exhaust system. Exhaust back pressure is an important parameter for fuel efficiency of a vehicle. Typically, the engine manufacturer specifies an upper limit for this. Usually, exhaust back pressure is measured during the driving condition of the vehicle at maximum power condition of the engine either on road or on chassis dynamometer. Both these methods, need a lot of preparatory works, test setup arrangement, 3 or more manpower and special skills. In this research, authors are tried to develop a new backpressure measurement set up for automotive vehicle application, which is simple and innovative, to fulfill the backpressure test requirement. In this design, mainly following devices are used namely Pitot tube, Compressed air, Manometer (or pressure gauge), Thermocouple, Fluke thermometer, along with standalone exhaust layout

Mandal, Goutam, Biswas, Sanjoy

Enhancing O-Ring Performance Prediction Using Machine Learning

2025-28-0161To be published on 02/07/2025

O-rings are essential sealants in engineering applications, ensuring leak-tight seals, and preventing fluid leakage. Specifically, in Fuel Cells, they play a crucial role in maintaining system integrity by preventing working fluid leakages. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is commonly employed for virtual assessments of sealant assemblies. By simulating the behavior of O-rings under various conditions, engineers can evaluate their performance. However, the traditional approach of varying individual input parameters to understand their impact on performance is time-consuming and extensive. To address this challenge, machine learning (ML) algorithms offer an efficient alternative to repetitive traditional FEA. By leveraging ML models, engineers can predict output parameters more effectively, streamlining the analysis process and enhancing accuracy. Despite the benefits of ML, different predictive models exhibit varying prediction performance, leading to inconsistency. Therefore, it is

Mallu, Venkata Reddy, Penumatsa, Venkata Ramana Raju, Chirravuri, Bhaskara, Duddu, Varaprasad, Miller, Ronald, Sahu, Abhishek

Finite Element Fatigue Life Prediction and Test Correlation for Seam Welded Joints in Sheet-Metal Assemblies

2025-28-0054To be published on 02/07/2025

Tractors, agricultural machines comprising diverse interconnected assemblies, collaboratively perform specific functions to attain desired outputs. Among these assemblies, the footstep assembly—an affixed structure or platform facilitating convenient access for the operator to the tractor cabin or platform. The components of the footstep assembly are fabricated from sheet metal and are connected using various joining technologies, such as bolts, welds, and others. During field operations, several failures have been noted in the footstep component, specifically at the weld connections. This paper delineates a methodology for simulating and predicting the occurrences of weld joint failures in the sheet-metal components. The inherent characteristics of the welding process lead to welded joints generally exhibiting a fatigue strength lower than that of the individual parts being joined. Additionally, welds are frequently applied at geometric features or points of section changes within a

Kumar, Arun, Pandey, Manoj Kumar, Thirugnanam, Vivekanndan, Mani, Suresh, Redkar, Dinesh

Innovative Design and Comprehensive Aerodynamic Performance Investigations on Various Possible Propeller Positions of an Advanced Hexacopter for Easy Manoeuvring

2025-28-0182To be published on 02/07/2025

This work deals with the computational investigations of the component performances of advanced hexacopters under various manoeuvrings of the focused mission profiles. The Advanced Hexacopter is one kind of multirotor vehicle that contains more propellers and flexible arms, which makes this multirotor very manoeuvrable and aerodynamically efficient. This hexacopter was designed specifically to detect leakages and the presence of harmful gases in and around nuclear power plants, along with enhanced payload-carrying capability. This advanced hexacopter contains a frame composed of modified arms equipped with coaxial rotors, which servo motors control. By providing specific and simple inputs to the microcontroller, the hexacopter can autonomously undergo forward and backward manoeuvrings. The primary objective of this study is to analyse and compare different propeller configurations that improve the manoeuvring capability of this unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), specifically emphasizing

Raja, Vijayanandh, Narayanan, Sidharth, Elangovan, Logesh, Arumugam, Lokesh, Sourirajan, Laxana, Raji, Arul Prakash, Kulandaiyappan, Naveen Kumar, Gnanasekaran, Raj Kumar, Madasamy, Senthil Kumar

Cloud-Based Monitoring of Lithium-Ion Battery Management Systems for Health Estimation in Manufacturing Industries

2025-28-0200To be published on 02/07/2025

The increasing reliance on lithium-ion batteries in manufacturing necessitates advanced monitoring techniques to ensure their longevity and reliability. Cloud technology offers a solution by enabling real-time data collection, analysis, and accessibility, facilitating thorough monitoring and predictive maintenance. Digital twin technology, creating a virtual replica of the physical battery system, provides a platform for simulating real-world conditions and predicting potential issues before they arise. By integrating sensor data and historical usage patterns, the digital twin model can accurately predict battery degradation, aiding in the implementation of timely maintenance strategies. This proactive approach not only enhances battery operational efficiency but also extends their lifespan, leading to cost savings and improved safety. The paper explores the use of cloud-based monitoring systems to enhance the health estimation and management of lithium-ion batteries. A comprehensive

Zeeshan, Mohammad, Akre, Vineet

Innovative Automation Solutions for Agricultural Tractors: Boosting Efficiency and Reducing Fatigue

2025-28-0192To be published on 02/07/2025

This paper presents the automation of tasks performed by agricultural tractor operators at headlands, aimed at enhancing comfort and productivity while reducing operator fatigue. The system, developed through Electronic Depth & Draft Control, features automatic one-side braking based on wheel angle, automatic implement lift, and PTO rotation stop during headland turns. Field tests demonstrate up to 9% fuel savings and an 11% productivity increase. The advanced technology significantly boosts efficiency and cost-effectiveness, achieving a 24% increase in operator savings and overall productivity

M, Rojer Denny, Natarajan, Saravanan, Baskar, Augustin

Mechanical Design and Packaging Strategies of a Cell-To-Pack Battery for An Automotive Electric Vehicle Based on Economic & Sport Vehicle Requirements

2025-28-0078To be published on 02/07/2025

The world is moving towards a green transportation system. Governments are also pushing for green mobility, especially electric vehicles. Electric vehicles are becoming more popular in Europe, China, India, and developing countries. In EVs, the customer's range anxiety and the perceived real-world range are major challenges for the OEMs. The OEMs are moving towards a higher power-to-weight ratio. Energy density plays a crucial role in the battery pack architecture to increase the vehicle range. Higher capacity battery packs are needed to improve the vehicle's range. The battery pack architecture is vital in defining the gravimetric and volumetric energy densities. The cell-to-pack battery technique aims to achieve a higher power-to-weight ratio by eliminating unnecessary weight in the battery architecture. The design of battery architecture depends on the cell features such as the cell shape & size, cell terminal positions, vent valve position, battery housing strength requirements

K, Barathi Raja

Design and Comprehensive Computational Performance Investigations of Hybrid Vortex Bladeless Turbine with PVEH Patches for Unmanned Surface Vehicles

2025-28-0185To be published on 02/07/2025

This work addresses an innovative method for improving energy harvesting in bladeless wind turbines (BWT) by utilizing the energy of vorticity, an aerodynamic effect (vortex scattering), piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting (PVEH) patches, and profile modifications of a wind turbine. The streamlined flow undergoes a transformation and generates a vortex in the vicinity of the structure when the wind impacts the BWT. As the velocity increases, the wind strikes the structure with a greater force, resulting in an imbalance that causes the structure to vibrate. In order to convert the vibrational energy of the wind turbine into electrical energy, the research investigates the use of a variety of profile modifications to capitalize on the aerodynamic effect generated by the structure. The PVEH patches are applied to the structure's surface to extract energy from renewable sources. This provides additional energy in addition to the energy produced by the BWT, which is advantageous in

Veeraperumal Senthil Nathan, Janani Priyadharshini, Rajendran, Mahendran, Arumugam, Manikandan, Raji, Arul Prakash, Sakthivel, Pradesh, Stanislaus Arputharaj, Beena, L, Natrayan, Ganesan, Balaji, Raja, Vijayanandh

Design and Computational Investigations on the Performance attainment and Structural Integrity of Advanced Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines for Unmanned Marine Vehicles

2025-28-0188To be published on 02/07/2025

The integration of advanced Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs) into Unmanned Marine Vehicles (UMVs) significantly enhances their operational efficiency by providing power source. These vehicles, designed for diverse applications, require efficient power systems to operate autonomously over extended periods. The major disadvantages are limited battery life and energy storage capabilities restrict their operational range and endurance of the UMVs. Utilizing HAWTs in UMVs provide a renewable energy source, reducing operational costs. This continuous power supply enhances mission capabilities and promote energy independence, making them ideal for long-term missions. Ansys Composite PrepPost (ACP) is employed for the pre-processing of HAWT blades, enabling the layering of different composites. The layering of various materials can significantly increase the strength and durability of the HAWT blades. These composites provide superior resistance to fatigue and environmental degradation

Gunasekaran, Durga Devi, Kannan, Haridharan, Sourirajan, Laxana, Vinayagam, Gopinath, Gnanasekaran, Raj Kumar, Kulandaiyappan, Naveen Kumar, Stanislaus Arputharaj, Beena, L, Natrayan, Raja, Vijayanandh

Crash performance study on high-speed electric two wheeler battery enclosure

2025-28-0203To be published on 02/07/2025

The growth rate of Electric Vehicles (EVs) industry and the annual production rate have increased significantly over the years. This is due to the development of rechargeable electrical energy storage system (battery pack), which is the main power source for EVs. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) pack is predominantly used across all major vehicle category such as 2 wheelers, 3 wheelers and light commercial vehicle. LIB is one of the high energy-dense sources of volume. However, LIBs have a challenge to poses a risk of short circuits and battery pack explosions, when expose to an external damage. Controlled crash analysis is performed for various velocities ranging from 40 kmph to 70 kmph against an obstruction directly and at an offset from the wheel, so as to mimic the real-world crash of high-speed two-wheelers. The behaviour of the battery enclosure is examined through evaluating the structural integrity of the battery enclosure used in a realistic two-wheeler after crash at various

Venkatesan Sr, Aiyappan, Nelson, N Rino, Hariharan Nair, Adarsh

Effect of Hardening and Tempering Temperatures on the Mechanical Behavior of Alloy Steel

2025-28-0027To be published on 02/07/2025

Alloy steel possesses high strength, hardenability, fatigue strength, and good impact toughness. It is widely used for making various machine parts, automobile components, shafts, gears, connecting rods, and more. Hardening and tempering develop the optimum combination of hardness, strength, and toughness in engineering steel, thereby providing components with high mechanical properties. Hardening and tempering temperatures are crucial factors that affect the mechanical and metallurgical properties of 42Cr4Mo steel. In this research work, 42Cr4Mo alloy steel samples were subjected to hardening and tempering processes. The hardening temperatures were set at 830°C, 850°C, and 870°C, while the tempering temperatures were maintained at 590°C and 650°C. The test results show that hardening at 830°C and tempering at 590°C achieve high strength, which decreases as the temperature increases. Different hardening temperatures and constant tempering temperatures will be optimized to achieve the

Murugesan, Venkatasudhahar, Ganesan, Dharmalingam, Tarigonda, Hariprasad

Effect of Single Vacancy Defect on Fundamental Frequency of Single Walled Carbon Nanotube

2025-28-0111To be published on 02/07/2025

This paper studies the effect of single vacancy defect on the fundamental frequency of carbon nanotube using finite element method. Cantilevered and bridged boundary conditions have been used for carbon nanotube with and without attached mass. There is less effect on the frequency of cantilevered structure due to presence of defect at center rather than its presence at other positions. Presence of defect near to fixed end shows more effect on fundamental frequency of bridged structure as opposed to other positions. Cantilevered structure with mass attached shows increase in effect due to presence of defect when mass ranges from 10-3 to 10-6 femtogram, while it seems to remain constant with further decrease in mass. This paper is mainly concerned about the overall effect of single vacancy defect at the different positions and with different parameters of carbon nanotube with and without attached mass on the frequency and frequency shift. Nano materials are playing a vital role in all

Kharche, Gaurav, Bhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu, B, Srivatsan, Balakrishna Sriganth, Pranav, Biswas, Sayan

Experimental Investigation and Operating Characteristics of LHR Engine using Pongamia Pinnata and Azadirachta indica Biodiesel Blend with Industrial Waste Additive

2025-28-0039To be published on 02/07/2025

The huge energy demand and environmental anxiety have focused the interest on alternative fuels to the diesel engine. This suggested the worldwide search for renewable, less pollutant and agricultural-based alternative fuel. Also, attention is given to increasing the efficiency of a conventional diesel engine when running on alternative fuels. Non-edible oil derived from Pongamia pinnata (Karanja) and Azadirachta indica (Neem) seed oil blends as an alternative fuel have been considered for this study. Using Copper oxide (5% w/w), the two oils were transesterified for 6 hours at a temperature of 75 °C and a methanol to oil ratio of 20:1. The biodiesel samples that were produced underwent FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and GC-MS analysis. The results indicated that the FAME conversion for the biodiesel derived from Azadirachta indica and Pongamia pinnata was 99.19% and 97.93%, respectively. Diesel engine combustion components, viz., the piston crown and liner, were coated with Aluminium titanate thermal

R, Suresh, R, Ashwin, Uppuluri, Kiranbabu, T, MohanRaj

Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of microchannel through various nanofluids

2025-28-0024To be published on 02/07/2025

The significant development of power convertors in electrical vehicles demand higher energy consumptions and in turn larger heat generations. To prevent overheating of power convertors a newly designed curved micro channel was designed diamond shaped and triangular cross-sections. The working fluids used are Gc3N4/Water (0.3%), Al2O3/Water (0.3%) nanofluids, and Al2O3-Gc3N4/Water (0.3%) hybrid nanofluid and evaluated the flow and heat transfer characteristics. The heat sink has a cross-sectional area of 80 × 48 mm², and the experimental study was conducted by varying the mass flow rate from 0.1 to 0.5 LPM under a constant heat flux of 50 kW/m². The experimental results revealed that the heat transfer rate and pressure drop for the pentagonal channel increased by 14.2% and 18.9%, respectively, compared to the triangular channel heat sink using hybrid nanofluids. This improvement can be attributed to the secondary flow generated in the oblique finned pentagonal microchannel heat sink

R L, Krupakaran, Petla, Ratna Kamala, Anchupogu, Praveen, Kala, Lakshmi K, Gangula, Vidyasagar Reddy, Tarigonda, Hariprasad

Influence of fibre weight fraction on the mechanical characteristics of the Caryota urens fiber reinforced polyester composite

2025-28-0114To be published on 02/07/2025

The present study aims to assess the tensile properties of caryota urens fibre reinforced polyester composites. Composites were fabricated with different fiber weight fraction starting from 5% to 30% with 5% increment. The testing of composite material was done using ASTM standards. The results indicated that the tensile, impact and flexural properties of composite material were increased up to 25% fiber weight fraction after that it has been reduced due factors like fiber distribution had not uniform and adhesion between fiber and matrix had be reduced. Optimal weight fraction found from this study is 25%. The maximum tensile, impact and flexural strength obtained for the composites were 36.22 MPa, 62.21 MPa and 96.21J/m

Santhanam, K, Raja, K., Naveen, M, Saranbala, M, M, Naveenkumar

Experimental Characterization of Fabricated (310) and (210) Symmetrical Tilt High-Angle Grain Boundaries in Bicrystalline Copper Thin Films Using NaCl Substrates

2025-28-0034To be published on 02/07/2025

A novel sintering method of bridging the two mechanically polished and oriented single-crystals together face-to-face in a non-environmental controlled atmosphere to fabricate the bicrystal substrate of NaCl of macroscopic thickness, with a common zone axis and having planarity over large areas, has been developed. Epitaxial [001] bicrystalline thin face-centered cubic (fcc) metal film of surface-reactive metal-containing tilt grain boundary across the interface is first grown in high vacuum directly by flash deposition on initially fabricated [001] oriented bicrystalline substrate of NaCl. The [001] tilt boundary, thus produced, is examined by electron microscopy to characterize grain boundary morphology and structure. The findings of some preliminary investigations are then presented. A distinct atomic structure is observed for {310} and {210} inclination. Both HAADF-STEM and Diffraction images reveal that such fabricated high-angle grain boundary accommodates minor deviations from

Dish, Nilabh, Gautam, Abhay, Behera, Rakesh, Banka, Hemasunder, Chavan, Pradeep

Impact of Hydrogen Enrichment on Performance and Emissions Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine Operated in Dual Fuel Mode with Karanja Oil Methyl Ester-Tire Pyrolysis Oil Blend

2025-28-0109To be published on 02/07/2025

The growing demand for fossil fuels and the search for alternatives have the potential to reduce emissions and enhance energy security. Karanja oil and tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) are identified as promising substitutes. This study examines the performance and emission characteristics of a 5.2 kW, 1500 rpm, four-stroke single-cylinder compression ignition engine. The engine was tested using diesel, the optimal combination of karanja oil biodiesel (KOME) and TPO (50:50% volume ratio), and this KOME-TPO blend with hydrogen supplied in dual fuel mode at flow rates of 10 lpm, 20 lpm, and 30 lpm, designated as H10, H20, and H30, respectively. The results indicated that BTE for H30 was the highest, reaching 32.21% compared to 30.52% for diesel at 5.2 kW BP. BSEC for H30 was the lowest at 11.18 MJ/kWh, compared to 11.80 MJ/kWh for diesel at the same BP. Emission analysis showed that smoke and HC emissions were significantly lower for hydrogen-enriched blends. At 5.2 kW BP, HC emissions for H30

Duraisamy, Boopathi, Stanley Martin, Jerome, Chelladorai, Prabhu, Rajendran, Silambarasan, Marutholi, Mubarak, Madheswaran, Dinesh Kumar

Characterization of Mechanical, Thermal, and Chemical Properties of Natural Fiber Composites: A Case Study of Bamboo Leaves and Coconut Leaves

2025-28-0112To be published on 02/07/2025

The research project focused on investigating the mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties of composite plates made from bamboo leaves and coconut leaves reinforced with epoxy resin that has received limited attention in previous studies. The bamboo and coconut leaves underwent alkaline treatment, were thoroughly washed with distilled water, and dried in sunlight for 24 hours. For the fabrication of three composite plates, Hand lay up method was employed according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. The compositions of the composite plates were varied as first Composition has 25 wt% bamboo leaves, 25 wt% coconut leaves and 50 wt% resin, the Second Composition has 30 wt% bamboo leaves, 30 wt% coconut leaves, and 40 wt% resin and the third composition has 35 wt% bamboo leaves, 35 wt% coconut leaves, and 30 wt% resin. Tensile test, shear and flexural tests helped determine the tensile strength, shear strength, and flexural strength of the composite

D R, Rajkumar, O, Vivin Lenin, R, Saktheevel, S, Edwin Roshan

Synthesis and characterisation of poly (aniline –co-chloroaniline) polymers and applications in automotive industries as paint coatings

2025-28-0037To be published on 02/07/2025

Polyaniline (PANI)-polymer based paints have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the durability and performance of automobile surface coatings. These paint coatings offer superior corrosion resistance, conductivity, and environmental stability, making it an ideal. Here novel copolymers of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid aided poly (aniline-co-m-chloroaniline) nanocomposites of various compositions were prepared by oxidative method in micellar solution. The nanocomposites were analyzed by using UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopic methods. The crystalline nature of the polymer was evidenced through XRD patterns. SEM revealed the presence of particles with spherical morphology 100 nm in diameter. The electrical activity of the doped polymer was found to be content increasing from 3:1 to 3:3 x 10-2 S/cm to 5.64 x 10-7 S/cm with chloroaniline. These copolymers are added as additives in manufacturing of paint. These novel paints offer multiple protective mechanisms, including barrier

Pachanoor, Vijayanand, Moorthi, Bharathiraja

Investigating Mechanical Properties of Jute Fiber and Alumina-Reinforced Epoxy Composites: Application of Taguchi and Grey Analysis for Automotive Components

2025-28-0113To be published on 02/07/2025

Natural fiber composites hold significant promise for a range of engineering applications due to their exceptional characteristics, which include substantial weight reduction, high strength, and cost-effectiveness. These materials are also biodegradable and renewable, adding to their appeal in sustainable engineering practices. This research focuses on evaluating the mechanical properties of jute fiber and AlO3-reinforced polymer composites, exploring their potential for advanced engineering uses. The study employs the Taguchi method with an L9 orthogonal array, incorporating three levels and three factors to systematically explore various combinations of process variables in the fabrication of these polymer composites. The primary goal is to optimize the mechanical properties of the composites, including tensile modulus, tensile stress, and weight percentage increase. Detailed investigations are conducted to understand the effects of these process variables on performance metrics. The

Somsole, Lakshmi Narayana, Natarajan, Manikandan, Pasupuleti, Thejasree, Katta, Lakshmi Narasimhamu, Vivekananda, Soma

Investigation of Mechanical, Barrier, and Tribological Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Hybrid Epoxy Composites

2025-28-0031To be published on 02/07/2025

In the present study, jute/glass fiber-reinforced epoxy-based polymer hybrid composites were fabricated using the resin infusion technique. To compare various properties, composites were fabricated from pure jute fiber (100% jute), pure glass fiber (100% glass), and hybrid composites containing 75% jute and 25% glass fiber, 50% jute and 50% glass fiber, and 25% jute and 75% glass fiber. Various physical, mechanical, and tribological analyses were conducted. The results revealed that the hybrid composite containing 25% jute and 75% glass fiber exhibited the best performance, with a tensile strength of 177 MPa, a flexural strength of 188.3 MPa, an impact strength of 130 kJ/m², a storage modulus of 17,050 MPa, a loss modulus of 2,883 MPa, and minimal moisture absorption and wear loss. Compared to the pure jute fiber composite, this hybrid composite showed a 172% increase in tensile strength, a 278% increase in flexural strength, a 238% increase in impact strength, a 184% increase in

J, Chandradass, T, Thirugnanasambandham, M, Amutha Surabi, P, Baskara Sethupathi, Rajendran, R, Murugadoss, Palanivendhan

Performance and Emission Analysis of a CI Engine Using Various Blends of Diesel and Prosopis Juliflora Seed Oil-Derived Biodiesel

2025-28-0129To be published on 02/07/2025

The rising demand for fossil fuels and the exploration of renewable energy sources from plants have gained significant attention due to their role in reducing emissions and enhancing energy security. Prosopis juliflora, abundantly available in India, offers a viable source for biodiesel production. This study investigates the performance and emission characteristics of a 5.2 kW, 1500 rpm, four-stroke single-cylinder compression ignition (CI) engine using blends of diesel, vegetable oil, and biodiesel derived from Prosopis juliflora seeds. The engine was tested with pure diesel, vegetable oil (PJO), biodiesel (B100), and biodiesel-diesel blends at 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% by volume, designated as B20, B40, B60, and B80, respectively. Key performance metrics, including brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC), were measured, along with emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), smoke, hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Results indicated that BTE

Duraisamy, Boopathi, Stanley Martin, Jerome, Thiyagarajan, Prakash, Rajendran, Silambarasan, Marutholi, Mubarak, John, Godwin

Enhancing Solar Still Productivity with Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles and Phase Change Materials

2025-28-0026To be published on 02/07/2025

The present study is focused on the integration of phase change materials (PCMs) and Al2O3 nanoparticles into solar stills presents a promising approach to enhance their efficiency. This paper explores the design and performance analysis of a solar still system incorporating PCMs and Al2O3 nanoparticles with different concentration like 200ppm and 400ppm. The primary goal is to investigate the impact of these enhancements on the solar still's productivity and thermal efficiency.The Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticle were synthesized by Sol-Gel method. The Aluminium Oxide particles were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, and FTIR etc. In this experiment TN+30 was used as phase change materials and Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles used for energy storage materials. The water is taken about 15(ltrs) and the optimal depth of water found to be 1cm. The energy materials TN+30 along with Al2O3 shown improvement in collection efficiency with 200ppm and 400ppm was 21.65% and 32.97% when compared with PCM

R L, Krupakaran, Sagaya Raj, Gnana, Petla, Ratna Kamala, Kala, Lakshmi K, Anchupogu, Praveen

Enhancing Thermal Performance of Trapezoidal Porous Medium Solar Ponds: Experimental and Numerical Analysis

2025-28-0207To be published on 02/07/2025

This study investigates the thermal efficiency of trapezoidal porous medium solar ponds through a multifaceted approach encompassing laboratory experiments, outdoor contrasts, and numerical analysis. Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the heat storage capabilities of various porous materials. Outdoor contrast experiments, involving two mini solar ponds with a surface area of 0.42m×0.42m and a bottom area of 0.09m×0.09m, examined the thermal performance enhancement offered by porous medium incorporation. Factors such as the presence of a cover and the type of porous medium were analyzed for their influence on temperature distribution. Results revealed a notable increase in the maximum temperature of the solar pond by approximately 10°C following the introduction of porous medium. Furthermore, numerical evaluation utilizing MATLAB provided deeper insights into the experimental data, enriching our understanding of the thermal dynamics specific to trapezoidal porous medium

J, Vinoth Kumar

Optimization and Regression Modeling of Additive Manufacturing (Fused Deposition Modeling) of PETG Material for Automobile applications

2025-28-0146To be published on 02/07/2025

Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques, specifically Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), have transformed the manufacturing industry by allowing the creation of intricate shapes using different materials. Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) is a thermoplastic that is commonly used in additive manufacturing (AM) because of its advantageous mechanical properties, resistance to chemicals, and ease of processing. PETG is used especially for producing automotive components that require impact resistance, dimensional stability, and good surface finish. It can be used for interior trim parts, protective covers, and exterior components The primary objective of this study is to enhance the FDM process parameters for PETG material and construct regression models that can accurately forecast important performance metrics. An investigation was carried out through experimental trials to examine the impact of FDM process parameters, such as layer thickness, infill density, printing speed, and

Natarajan, Manikandan, Pasupuleti, Thejasree, Shanmugam, Loganayagan, Katta, Lakshmi Narasimhamu, Silambarasan, R, Kiruthika, Jothi

Optimization of Vibrational characteristics Using Taguchi Method for CNT Reinforced Composite Plates

2025-28-0174To be published on 02/07/2025

The integration of carbon nanotubes (CNT) into composite materials has revolutionized various high-performance industries, including aerospace, marine, and defence, due to their exceptional mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. The critical nature of these applications demands precise control over the manufacturing process to ensure the optimal performance of the CNT-reinforced composites. This study employs the Taguchi approach to systematically investigate and determine the optimal proportion of CNT volume fraction, fiber volume fraction, and stacking sequence in composite materials to achieve the optimal fundamental frequency. The Taguchi method, known for its efficiency in optimizing design parameters with a minimal number of experiments, enables the identification of the most influential factors and their optimal levels for enhancing material properties. Our findings demonstrate that the proper arrangement and proportioning of these components significantly improve the

B, Srivatsan, Balakrishna Sriganth, Pranav, Bhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu, Biswas, Sayan

Machine Learning Based Variation Studies for Electric Vehicle Drive Unit Virtual System Models

2025-28-0171To be published on 02/07/2025

In electric vehicles development, manufacturing variations pose big challenge in designing various mechanical components as these variations directly impact various customer perceivable performance outputs. If the manufacturing variations can be included in design phase itself, overall robustness of the design can be enhanced. This paper delineates machine learning based methods to include manufacturing variations in designing drive units for electric vehicles. In an electric vehicle, the drive unit transfers power or torque from a battery through an inverter to wheels. The drive units are subjected to different types of loads under various vehicle maneuvers. To evaluate the drive unit system virtually, system level simulations are performed. Traditionally, nominal values of the several inputs such as bearing parameters, gear parameters and clearances etc. are used. However, the drive unit must be designed in such a way that outputs meet target considering all the variations of inputs

Penumatsa, Venkata Ramana Raju, Katha, Venkateswar, Black, Derrick, Jain, Sachin, Maddipati, Seshagiri

A hybrid algorithm for optimizing machining and spraying parameters in MQL-turning of Inconel 800H

2025-28-0042To be published on 02/07/2025

Inconel 800H superalloy is a difficult-to-turn material. This study aims to achieve optimal machining results, including reduced cutting force, improved surface roughness, and minimized residual stress, by optimizing input machining parameters like cutting speed, feed rate, spraying angle, and nozzle distance on Inconel 800H. The Taguchi L27 method is utilized for experimentation, while the Harris hawks optimizer (HHO) is applied in a multi-objective optimization model. Additionally, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to identify the optimal input parameters. Five distinct weight schemes were employed, including the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the Entropy weight method, Criteria Importance through Inter-Criteria Correlation (CRITIC), Grey relational analysis (GRA), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine response weights. The analysis revealed that the primary factor affecting all measured weights is the feed

Kannan, Venkatesan, Mokshajna, Kotha

Development of AI Prediction Tool for Fused Deposition Modeling of ABS Material for automobile applications

2025-28-0127To be published on 02/07/2025

Additive Manufacturing (AM), notably Fusion Deposition Modeling (FDM), has grown in popularity owing to its ability to create complicated forms from a variety of materials. This research aims to increase the efficiency and accuracy of the FDM process for Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) material. ABS plastic material is an important material in automotive manufacturing due to its strength, durability, and versatility. It is used extensively for a wide range of components, including dashboard components, bumpers, fenders, exterior trim, and interior trim. The objective will be accomplished by the development of a prediction model using an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The research investigates the influence of FDM parameters, including layer height, nozzle temperature, and printing speed, on significant printing characteristics such as dimensional accuracy, surface quality, printing speed, and dimensional deviation. The essential data is derived from empirical

Natarajan, Manikandan, Pasupuleti, Thejasree, Kumar, V, Kiruthika, Jothi, Katta, Lakshmi Narasimhamu, Silambarasan, R

Optimization of machining parameters based on desirability function analysis for Stir Casted Aluminium Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites

2025-28-0119To be published on 02/07/2025

These days, aluminum and other material composites are indispensable for a wide range of engineering applications, including automotive-related ones. The machinability investigations of hybrid metal matrix composites (HMMC) made of Al 6061 are reported in this paper. Graphene nanoparticles (GNp) and boron carbide were used to reinforce Al6061 alloy for the experiment. Stir casting was used to create the hybrid composite under the right circumstances. Since HMMC is difficult to machine using traditional machining techniques, the advanced method of electrical discharge machining (EDM) was used. On stir-casted Al-B4C-GNP composites, EDM machinability investigations were conducted. Using input parameters such pulse on time, pulse off time, and peak current for the response of material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness, Taguchi based Desirability function Analysis was used to optimize the EDM process parameters. The optimal machining parameters have been determined by the composite

Kala, Lakshmi K, Madhuri, K, Reddy, Damodara, Tarigonda, Hariprasad, R L, Krupakaran, Tharehallimata, Gurubasavaraju, Naidu, B Vishnu Vardhana

AI-Driven Optimization of Advanced Machining for Haste alloy by ANFIS Method

2025-28-0141To be published on 02/07/2025

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a highly efficient method for creating intricate structures in materials that conduct electricity, independent of their level of hardness. Due to the increasing demand for superior products and the necessity for quick design modifications, decision-making in the manufacturing sector has become progressively more difficult. This study primarily examines the use of Inconel 625 in vehicle applications and suggests creating regression models to predict performance parameters in ECM. The experiments are formulated based on Taguchi's ideas, and mathematical equations are derived using multiple regression models. The Taguchi approach is employed for single-objective optimization to ascertain the ideal combination of process parameters for optimizing the material removal rate. ANOVA is employed to evaluate the statistical significance of process parameters that impact performance indicators. The proposed regression models for Inconel 625 are more versatile

Natarajan, Manikandan, Pasupuleti, Thejasree, D, Palanisamy, Silambarasan, R, Krishnamachary, PC

Study the Effect of Fasteners Coating Materials to Resolve the Leakage Issue in Steering Gear Assembly

2025-28-0128To be published on 02/07/2025

Abstract: In commercial vehicle industry, Hydraulic Power Assisted Steering (HPAS) gear plays a vital role to utilize the hydraulic force by amplifying the mechanical input. HPAS gear consists of housing, sector shaft, side cover, worm shaft, valve housing and rack piston. Side cover assembly is connected with housing assembly through bolts which is in exposure to high pressure hydraulic fluid. During high pressure running condition, torque relaxation in the bolt is observed which leads to the loosening of bolts and tends to hydraulic fluid leakage through bolts. Since, some of the bolts are exposed to the fluid environment in the inner surface of the housing, the existing phosphate coated bolts are relaxed and loosened due to the bolts that exposed to the oil environment which have insufficient coefficient of friction in bolt head and thread. To overcome the bolt failure during high pressure hydraulic application various bolt coating analysis is experimented to withstand the

Ayyappan, Rakshna, Govindarasu, Anbarasu, P, Rajasekar, D, Senthil Kumar

OPTIMIZED DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A HIGH-PERFORMANCE, TRACK-FOCUSED QUAD BIKE FOR THE INDIAN MARKET

2025-28-0061To be published on 02/07/2025

A comprehensive approach to the optimized design and analysis of a track-focused quad bike specifically tailored for the Indian market. The design process integrates multiple critical factors, including driver ergonomics, aesthetics, and strategic component placement, to establish the optimal vehicle dimensions. The primary objective is to ensure comfort, functionality, and visual appeal while addressing the unique demands of the Indian terrain and user preferences. A meticulous selection process for tires and suspension geometry is conducted using the advanced Optimum Kinematics software. This optimization ensures that the vehicle can adeptly handle a variety of road conditions, providing superior performance and stability. The vehicle’s core structure features a space frame chassis, engineered to minimize tubing and facilitate ease of fabrication, contributing to both weight reduction and structural integrity. A robust 600cc 4-cylinder engine is selected, emphasizing an optimal power

Thanikonda, Praveen Kumar, Shaik, Amjad, Tappa, Raju, Ratlavath, Ramu, Navar, Adarsh, Challa, Ajith Kumar

A Comparative Study on fault diagnosis of Electrical vehicle motor testing machine Gear Components Using machine Learning algorithms

2025-28-0177To be published on 02/07/2025

Electric vehicles (EVs) are the way of the future for the automobile industry. The drive motor is a vital part of modern EVs. A motor testing machine is used to verify the critical parameters of the electrical motor, which is seen to be of the utmost importance. Electric motor characteristic curve points and their electromagnetic behaviour under different conditions are regularly found using the motor testing machine. But it has been noted that a flaw in the testing machine's helical gear arrangement causes frequent malfunctions and less-than-ideal performance, which impacts the assembly line's effectiveness in producing electric cars. The research project is to enhance the motor test bench apparatus by modifying crucial design parameters using machine learning and vibration signal analysis methods. Vibration signals are recorded at various gear settings before statistical features are extracted. Following that, these signals are classified using classifiers such Quadratic SVM and

S, Ravikumar, Syed, Shaul, V, Muralidharan, D, Pradeep Kumar

CogniGuardianRoadscape: Advancing Safety through AI-Driven Roadway Audits

2025-28-0019To be published on 02/07/2025

The escalation of road infrastructure anomalies, such as speed breakers and potholes, presents a formidable challenge to vehicular safety, efficient traffic management, and road maintenance strategies worldwide. In addressing these pervasive issues, this paper proposes an advanced, integrated approach for the detection and classification of speed breakers and potholes. Utilizing a sophisticated blend of deep learning methodologies and enhanced image processing techniques, our solution leverages Object Detection to analyze and interpret real-time visual data captured through advanced vehicle-mounted camera systems. This research meticulously details the comprehensive process involved in the development of this system, including the acquisition and preprocessing of a vast, varied dataset representative of numerous road types, conditions, and environmental factors. Through rigorous training, testing, and validation phases, the model demonstrates remarkable proficiency in recognizing and

Thangaraju, Shanmuganathan, Nagarajan, Meenakshi, Ganesan, Maragatham, Raja, Selvakumar, Sirotiya, Aviral, Jasrotia, Bhargav

Vibrational, Thermal and Mechanical Performance Analysis of Hybrid Composite Plates Composed of Kenaf and Ridge Gourd Fibers with Waste Plastic Materials

2025-28-0030To be published on 02/07/2025

This study investigates the performance and highlights the mechanical, thermal, and vibrational characteristics of hybrid fibre composite plate composed of Kenaf Fibre (KF), Ridge Gourd Fibre (RGF), Waste Plastic Materials (WPM), and matrix materials. The raw materials undergo an alkaline treatment involving 2 hours of agitation with 5% NaOH. Following treatment, KF, RGF, and WPM are combined with epoxy resin using compression moulding to form four different hybrid composite plates in the %wt of 10:20:5, 20:10:5, 10:10:5, and 20:20:5. Various tests are conducted to evaluate their properties, including the Tensile Test, Shear Test, and Flexural Test, adhering to ASTM standards D638, D7078, and D790, respectively. The results indicate that 20:20:5 plate showed higher tensile strength (21.70 MPa), flexural strength (77.23 MPa), and shear strength (18.13 MPa. Subsequently, Thermo gravimetric Analysis (TGA) was conducted on the 20:20:5 composite plate due to its superior mechanical

D R, Rajkumar, R, Baranitharan, Basha, Mohamed Humayun, S, Kamalesh

Powering Precision: Ensemble Learning for Superior Battery Health Estimation

2025-28-0204To be published on 02/07/2025

In recent years, there has been a notable shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources due to energy challenges and the scarcity of oil resources. This transition has significantly increased the adoption of battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), replacing traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. A crucial element of EVs and HEVs is the Battery Management System (BMS), which is essential for ensuring the battery pack operates safely, reliably, and efficiently. As batteries experience numerous charge and discharge cycles, their performance inevitably degrades, which can lead to failure and potentially catastrophic outcomes if the battery unexpectedly reaches the end of its life. This paper presents an innovative machine learning-based method to estimate battery health and mitigate related risks on real time battery data. The study employs proprietary data collected from Nickel Cobalt Aluminum (NCA) chemistry cells under dynamic

Joshi, Umita, Mandhana, Abhishek

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