Browse Topic: Maintenance and Aftermarket

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Proposed Solutions to Improve Green Hydrogen Production for Cars2025-01-8601To be published on 04/01/2025
Recently, global interest in hydrogen as a powerful, promising and clean source of energy has increased. Green hydrogen production is considered one of the most important modern projects worldwide, as it is the way to achieve a clean and sustainable environment. There are several methods for producing hydrogen, the most famous of which are: 1) Electrochemical separation of water; 2) Heating waste plastic at a high temperature using low-carbon emission technology. However, both methods still suffer from complexity and high cost, which calls for the search for scientific solutions to reduce economic costs and make hydrogen available to everyone at reasonable prices. While the first method is considered the best and easiest to produce high-purity hydrogen, but it faces challenges in collecting hydrogen on the surface of the positive electrode (cathode) in a way that is suitable for collecting it in a safe and less expensive way, so that it can be used in multiple applications, especially
Hamed, Maryam Salah, Ali, Salah H. R.
Technical Paper
Using CAN Electrical Signals for Cybersecurity and Harness Diagnostics2025-01-8080To be published on 04/01/2025
This paper describes a novel invention which is an Intrusion Detection System based on fingerprints of the CAN bus analogue features. Clusters of CAN message analogue fingerprints can be associated with each ECU on the network. During a learning mode of operation, fingerprints can be learnt with the prior knowledge of which CAN identifier should be transmitted by each ECU. During normal operation, if the fingerprint of analogue features of a particular CAN identifier does not match the one that was learnt then there is a strong possibility that this particular CAN identifier’s message is symptomatic of a problem. It could be that the message has been sent by either an intruder ECU or an existing ECU has been hacked to send the message. In this case an intruder can be defined as a device that has been added to the CAN bus OR a device that has been hacked/manipulated to send CAN messages that it was not designed to (i.e. could be originally transmitted by another device). It could also
Quigley, Christopher, Charles, David
Technical Paper
Zero circumferential material flow line-based method for reducing stamping simulation cost2025-01-8224To be published on 04/01/2025
In sheet metal simulation, computation time is significantly influenced by the number of elements used to discretize the sheet blank, which covers the shape of forming tool geometry. Based on particle kinematics, motion of material point is modeled, and the concept of zero circumferential motion material line (ZML) is proposed. The slope ratio of material line (SRML) is proposed to quantify the circumferential deviation for determining the ZML. Based on the SRML, a method is developed to segment sheet blank and apply constraints. The method is demonstrated through forming simulation on a Hishida geometry. The proposed method, with its minimal to no circumferential motion along ZMLs, exhibits high level of accuracy retention while simultaneously impressively reducing computation time (up to 77%). This combination of efficiency and precision makes it a compelling approach for reducing simulation cost
Sheng, ZiQiang, Asimba, Brian, cabral, Kleber
Technical Paper
Matchit: A Domain-Adaptable Information Extraction and Categorization Tool for Enhanced Decision Making2025-01-8107To be published on 04/01/2025
This paper presents Matchit, a novel method for expediting issue investigation and generating actionable insights from textual data. Recognizing the challenges of extracting relevant information from large, unstructured datasets, Matchit leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to automatically identify and categorize key information into distinct topics, each representing a different aspect of the issue under investigation. This process offers two key functionalities: fully automatic topic extraction based solely on input data, providing a concise overview of the problem and potential solutions, and user-guided extraction, where domain experts can specify the type of information or pre-defined categories to target specific insights. This flexibility allows for both broad exploration and focused analysis of the data. Matchit's efficacy is demonstrated through its application in the automotive industry, where it successfully extracts repair diagnostics from diverse textual sources like
Wang, Lijun, Arora, Karunesh
Technical Paper
Telematics-based Managed EV Charging: A pilot case study for utility bulk and distribution grid services2025-01-8122To be published on 04/01/2025
Growth in the EV market is resulting in an unprecedented increase of electrical load from EV charging at the household level. This has led to concern for electric utilities' ability to upgrade electrical distribution infrastructure at an affordable cost and sufficient speed that can keep up with EV sales. Adoption of EVs in the California market has outpaced the national average and offers early insight for other regions of the United States. The Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) partnered with two Distributed Energy Resource (DER) aggregators, the OVGIP (recently formed as ChargeScape) and Optiwatt, to deliver a vehicle telematics-based active managed charging pilot. This pilot was launched in Summer 2022, with approximately 1,200 EVs enrolled over two years including Tesla, Ford, BMW, and GM electric vehicles. The goal of this pilot was to evaluate the business case for mitigating EV grid impacts and delivering additional grid services providing both EV drivers and the
Liddell, Chelsea, Schaefer, Walter, Dreffs, Kora, Moul, Jacob, Kay, Carol, Aswani, Deepak
Technical Paper
User Satisfaction Classification and Service Optimization of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: An Empirical Study Based on Amap Data2025-01-8115To be published on 04/01/2025
With the rapid expansion of the electric vehicle (EV) market, enhancing charging infrastructure and service quality has become critical in shaping the overall user experience. User satisfaction with charging station services plays a crucial role in promoting the widespread adoption of electric vehicles. Ensuring that users have access to reliable, fast, and convenient charging services is essential for the growth and success of the EV market. This study focuses on the Guangzhou Panyu District, where user data on charging station experiences was collected from the Amap API platform. The data includes users' comments, satisfaction scores, and charging station locations, providing valuable insights into the experiences of EV users across various equipment suppliers. By leveraging user reviews and satisfaction ratings, we applied a combination of Significance Testing in Linear Regression and K-means Clustering Analysis to quantify and categorize user satisfaction with charging station
Guo, Haifeng, Ou, Shiqi(Shawn), Jing, Hao, Qi, Hao, Shi, Lanxin
Technical Paper
Concept of on-board diagnostic system of vehicle electric drive2025-01-8095To be published on 04/01/2025
The problem of monitoring parametric failures of a traction electric drive unit consisting of an inverter, a traction machine and a gearbox when interacting with a battery management system has been solved. The strategy for solving the problem is considered for an electric drive with three-phase synchronous and induction machines. The drive power elements perform electromechanical energy conversion with additional losses. The losses are caused by deviations of the element parameters from the nominal values during operation. Monitoring gradual failures by additional losses is adopted as a key concept of on-board diagnostics. Deviation monitoring places increased demands on the information support and accuracy of mathematical models of power elements. The first harmonics of currents and voltages of a three-phase circuit, which are the dominant energy source, were taken into account. Higher harmonics of PWM appear as harmonic losses. Mechanical losses in the rotor and gearbox can be many
Smolin PhD, Victor, Gladyshev, Sergey, Topolskaya, Irina
Technical Paper
Evaluating Consumer-Grade Technology for Accident Reconstruction: A Study of Recon3D, Luma AI, and Leica RTC3602025-01-8689To be published on 04/01/2025
This research paper investigates the effectiveness of various tools for generating 3D point clouds in accident reconstruction. Specifically, it compares the Recon3D app on the iPhone 14 and 15 Pro Max, Luma AI’s capability of generating 3D point clouds from 360-degree vehicle videos, and the industry-standard Leica RTC360 laser scanner. The study aims to capture detailed spatial data of vehicles involved in accidents, assessing the accuracy, efficiency, and usability of these tools. Controlled experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of each tool, comparing the generated 3D models to those produced by the Leica RTC360 laser scanner. This comparative analysis highlights the potential for consumer-grade and AI-powered technologies to democratize access to advanced accident reconstruction tools, providing significant benefits to law enforcement, insurance investigators, and accident analysts
Desai, Elvis, Stemrich, Robert
Technical Paper
Machine Learning-Based Digital Twin for Optimizing Automotive Components2025-01-8206To be published on 04/01/2025
This paper presents a Digital Twin approach based on Machine Learning (ML), aimed at creating software-based sensors to reduce the auxiliary devices of the vehicle and enabling predictive maintenance, thus reducing carbon footprint. The solution is applied to the Electric Lubrication Oil Pump (ELOP), a crucial component within a vehicle's powertrain system. The proposed ELOP Digital Twin integrates ML-based sensors to estimate critical parameters such as temperature, pressure and flow rate, reducing the reliance on physical sensors and associated hardware. This estimation approach minimizes manufacturing complexity and cost, enhancing energy efficiency during both production and operation. Furthermore, the digital twin facilitates predictive maintenance by continuously monitoring the component's performance, enabling early detection of potential failures and optimizing maintenance schedules. This leads to lower energy consumption and reduced emissions throughout the component's
Khan, Jalal, D'Alessandro, Stefano, Tramaglia, Federico, Fauda, Alessandro
Technical Paper
Next-Gen Italian Urban Mobility: Emissions LCA and TCO Prospective for Innovative Transportation Solutions2025-01-8593To be published on 04/01/2025
Reducing the number of vehicles and enhancing collective transport can significantly contribute to the reduction of emissions associated with the transport sector. Urban mobility vehicles are rapidly evolving, driven by the need for more sustainable and efficient transport solutions. In this context, both hydrogen-fueled and battery electric buses show the potential to decarbonize the transport sector. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework is crucial to evaluate overall carbon emissions, as well as those related to energy/hydrogen production and vehicle/powertrain manufacturing, to assess the overall lifecycle impact. Furthermore, even pollutant emissions for vehicle manufacturing, energy production, combustion and components’ wear have to be carefully evaluated to assess the overall environmental impact. Being such powertrains and related infrastructures still in the development phase, the evaluation of the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) provides a comprehensive view of long-term
Brancaleoni, Pier Paolo, Damiani Ferretti, Andrea Nicolò, Corti, Enrico, Ravaglioli, Vittorio, Moro, Davide
Technical Paper
Options for introducing SOVD in SDV architectures2025-01-8081To be published on 04/01/2025
The trend for the future mobility concepts in the automotive industry is clearly moving towards autonomous driving and IoT applications in general. Already today, vehicle manufacturers offer semi-autonomous driving. The technical capabilities and the legal requirements are under development. The introduction of data- and computation-intensive functions is changing vehicle architectures towards zonal architectures based on high-performance computers (HPC). Availability of data-connection to the backend and the above explained topics have a major impact on the way how to test and update such ‘software-defined’ vehicles and entire fleets. Vehicle diagnostics will become a key element for onboard test and update operations running on HPCs, as well as for providing vehicle data to the offboard backend infrastructure via Wi-Fi and 5G at the right time. The standard for Service Oriented Vehicle Diagnostics (SOVD) supports this development. It describes a programming interface for a diagnostic
Mayer, Julian, Fieth, Oliver, Bschor, Stefan
Technical Paper
Designing Software for SAE J1939 ECUs to Improve Cybersecurity2025-01-8082To be published on 04/01/2025
SAE J1939 is a CAN-based standard used for connecting various ECUs together within a vehicle. There are also some related protocols sharing many of the features of SAE J1939 across other industries including ISO11783, RVC and NMEA 2000. The standard has enabled the easy integration of electronic devices into a vehicle. However, as with all CAN-based protocols, several vulnerabilities to cyberattacks have been identified and are discussed in this paper. Many are at the CAN-level, whilst others are in common with those protocols from the SAE J1939 family of protocols. This paper reviews the known vulnerabilities that have been identified with the SAE J1939 protocol at CAN and J1939-levels, along with proposed mitigation strategies that can be implemented in software. At the CAN-level, the weaknesses include ways to spoof the network by exploiting parts of the protocol. Denial of Service is also possible at the CAN-level. At the SAE J1939-level, weaknesses include Denial of Service type
Quigley, Christopher
Technical Paper
Coordinate System Alignment and Sensor Fusion for Multimodal Localization System2025-01-8045To be published on 04/01/2025
Recently, the development of new autonomous mobility solutions such as robots and AGVs has been actively pursued, which significantly contribute to labor reduction and efficient logistics. Autonomous driving requires a broad range of technologies, including localization, navigation, and fleet management. Among these, high accuracy localization is especially important to achieve a stable system. It is common to integrate multiple localization technologies, but these technologies often have their own coordinate systems, making it necessary to accurately align them prior to system integration. This paper reports on a method of achieving precise alignment of different coordinate systems by using multiple reference anchor points to statistically derive their relationships in the shape of a coordinate transformation matrix. Additionally, we enlarge the study to ensure alignment accuracy for coordinate systems with non-linear distortion, which is often seen in distorted maps made by SLAM in
Kakimi, Ryoma
Technical Paper
Optimization and Regression Modeling of Fused Deposition Modeling for TPU Material used in automotive instrument panels2025-28-0142To be published on 02/07/2025
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a widely recognized additive manufacturing method that is highly regarded for its ability to create complex structures using thermoplastic materials. Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) is a highly versatile material known for its flexibility and durability. TPU has several applications, including automobile instrument panels, caster wheels, power tools, sports goods, medical equipment, drive belts, footwear, inflatable rafts, fire hoses, buffer weight tips, and a wide range of extruded film, sheet, and profile applications.. The primary objective of this study is to enhance the FDM parameters for TPU material and construct regression models that can accurately forecast printing performance. The study involved conducting experimental trials to examine the impact of key FDM parameters, such as layer thickness, infill density, printing speed, and nozzle temperature, on critical responses, including dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and mechanical
Pasupuleti, Thejasree, Natarajan, Manikandan, Sagaya Raj, Gnana, Silambarasan, R, Kiruthika, Jothi
Technical Paper
Forced Vibration Analysis of Cracked Functionally Graded Beams2025-28-0169To be published on 02/07/2025
This study investigates the forced vibration characteristics of functionally graded material (FGM) beams with square cross-sections featuring V-shaped cracks. FGMs, characterized by a gradual transition in mechanical composition from a ceramic to a metallic surface, offer unique advantages in various engineering applications due to their non-uniform microstructure, which imparts varying material properties throughout the structure. This research employs ANSYS Workbench to conduct a comprehensive numerical analysis, focusing on evaluating the frequencies and mode shapes of cracked FGM beams under simply supported boundary conditions. The analysis delves into the impact of three critical crack parameters: crack opening width, crack depth, and crack location. The findings highlight that the crack opening width significantly influences the vibrational frequencies of the FGM beam. Specifically, as the crack opening width increases from 0.002 meters to 0.01 meters, the frequencies decrease
D, Manish, C V, Prasshanth, N, Suhas, Bhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu
Technical Paper
Wrap-Around Insulation Repair and Protection Sleeve, Permanent, Electric, Environment ResistantAS6224A (Current)01/21/2025
The AS6224 specification covers environment resistant, permanent insulation repair sleeves for repairing different types of insulation damages of wire or cable jackets in installed applications. The repair sleeve is intended to repair damaged primary wire or cable jacket covers where the shielding and wire conductors are not damaged
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Technical Standard
Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants Performance and Service ClassificationJ2116_202501 (Current)01/21/2025
This SAE Standard was prepared by Technical Committee 1, Engine Lubrication, of SAE Fuels and Lubricants Council. The intent is to improve communications among engine manufacturers, engine users, and lubricant marketers in describing lubricant performance characteristics. The key objective is to ensure that a correct lubricant is used in each two-stroke-cycle engine
Fuels and Lubricants TC 1 Engine Lubrication
Technical Standard
Ancillary Deicing/Anti-Icing InformationAIR8468 (Current)01/10/2025
This manual contains information regarding aircraft deicing/anti-icing surfaces and areas
G-12M Methods Committee
Information Report
SAE TOMORROW TODAY BRIEFS - How to Scale EV Charging at Gas Stations1349312/30/2024
As EV charging infrastructure grows and evolves, so too does the role of gas stations, convenience stores, and auto repair shops -- all of which are key players in a thriving mobility ecosystem. Enter Vontier, a global industrial technology company transforming fueling and charging infrastructure, convenience store technology and fleet management. By helping service station owners become "charge point operators," Vontier is a enabling a shift to better support consumers? needs and increase profitability in an evolving market. To learn more, Roberto Baldwin, Sustainability Editor, SAE Sustainable Mobility Solutions, sat down with Mark Morelli, CEO, Vontier, to discuss how his company is harnessing its market-leading expertise in mobility technologies to usher in a new era of convenience. For more information on the evolution of sustainability, head on over to sustainablecareers.sae.org. There, you can learn about the latest EV announcements from the LA Auto Show including the Hyundai
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
J1939 Digital AnnexJ1939DA_202412 (Current)12/29/2024
This document is intended to supplement the J1939 documents by offering the J1939 information in a form that can be sorted and searched for easier use
Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Supplement
Multi Criteria Analysis Selection of Cylindrical Spur Gears2024-36-011712/20/2024
Organizations need to maintain their processes at high levels of efficiency to be competitive, asset management and industrial maintenance are extremely important to obtain positive results in optimizing operating costs, saving energy resources, reduction of environmental impacts among other characteristics that are considered differential for organizations. In this scenario, methods are increasingly being sought to assist managers in decision-making processes that contain several alternatives and selection criteria involved. The AHP and TOPSIS methods have been widely associated with prioritization studies, cost evaluation, resource selection, suppliers, among others. Thus, the selection of equipment and industrial elements can be evaluated by means of multicriteria decision methods where the criteria considered important by specialists in the area are inserted into the model. The objective of this article was to present a selection process for spur gears based on stress analysis and
de Oliveira, Geraldo Cesar Rosario, de Oliveira, Vania Aparecida Rosario, Silva, Carlos Alexis Alvarado, Guidi, Erick Siqueira, Salomon, Valério Antonio Pamplona, Rosado, Victor Orlando Gamarra, de Azevedo Silva, Fernando
Technical Paper
Evaluation of Superficial Damage of Mechanical Components through Digital Image Analysis Using Deep Learning Framework2024-36-003412/20/2024
Mechanical component failure often heralds superficial damage indicators such as color alteration due to overheating, texture degradation like rusting or false brinelling, spalling, and crack propagation. Conventional damage assessment relies heavily on visual inspections performed by technicians, a practice bogged down by time constraints and the subjective nature of human error. This research paper delves into the integration of deep learning methodologies to revolutionize surface damage evaluation, addressing significant bottlenecks in diagnostic precision and processing efficiency. We detail the end-to-end process of developing an intelligent inspection system: selecting appropriate deep learning architectures, annotating datasets, implementing data augmentation, optimizing hyperparameters, and deploying the model for widespread user accessibility. Specifically, the paper highlights the customization and assessment of state-of-the-art models, including EfficientNet B7 for
Cury, Rudoniel, Gioria, Gustavo, Chandrasekaran, Balaji
Technical Paper
Portable Controlled Contamination Area (CCAAIR7522 (Current)12/18/2024
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides guidelines for the design of portable Controlled Contamination Areas (CCAs) that can provide localized environmental control when processing a repair at the airplane or in a hangar environment. The use of a portable CCA may result in a better quality repair. The use of a portable CCA may assist in achieving the environmental requirements for bonded repairs specified in an approved repair procedure. This provides an option to accomplish a repair on nonremovable structure or difficult to remove components
AMS CACRC Commercial Aircraft Composite Repair Committee
Information Report
HELICOPTER TURBINE ENGINE WASHAIR4416 (Current)12/18/2024
Engines subject to dust, industrial pollution, saltwater contamination or other chemically laden atmosphere (including pesticides and herbicides) lose performance due to deposits of contaminants on surfaces in the aidgas flow path. Engine wash and engine rinse procedures are utilized to restore turbine engine performance. These procedures are generated by the engine manufacturer and are included in the Engine Maintenance/Service Manuals. For most turbine engines these procedures are similar in concept and practice; however, application details, choice of solvents and many other service features can vary from engine manufacturer to engine manufacturer and may even vary within the range of engine models produced by any manufacturer. The intent of this SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is to outline the general nature, considerations, and background of engine wash and engine rinse and is directed towards the needs of the entry level engineer, service engineer, and those involved in
S-12 Powered Lift Propulsion Committee
Information Report
Research on a Detection Algorithm of Contaminant on Automotive Cameras Optical Surface Based on SEFaster-YOLOv82024-01-703212/13/2024
Cameras are crucial sensors in intelligent driving systems. Due to the optical windows of these cameras generally being exposed, they are highly susceptible to contaminant from external dust, mud, and other contaminants. These contaminants can degrade the vehicle’s perception capabilities, posing safety risks. Therefore, research on the identification and automatic cleaning of optical window surface contamination for automotive cameras is essential. This paper constructs a dataset of contaminated images of automotive cameras using a method based on shooting and image fusion. By introducing the SE attention mechanism and replacing the YOLOv8 backbone network with FasterNet, this paper proposed the SEFaster-YOLOv8 model. Experimental results show that the SEFaster-YOLOv8 model reduces the parameter count by 37.6% compared to the original YOLOv8 model. The mAP@0.5 and mAP@0.5:0.95 reach 95.7% and 66.9%, respectively, representing improvements of 1.8% and 1.1% over the original YOLOv8
Ran, Lujia, Hu, Zongjie, Lu, Xiangxiang, Wu, Zhijun
Technical Paper
Spacecraft System Health Management: Current Practices and Emerging TechnologiesR-56612/12/2024
Ensuring the safe and reliable operation of spacecraft is a complex task that requires advanced technologies and innovative approaches. This comprehensive guide provides a deep dive into the world of spacecraft system health management. From understanding the intricacies of spacecraft systems to exploring cutting-edge technologies like AI and digital twins, this book offers a valuable resource for anyone interested in the field. Key Features: - Clear and accessible language: The book is written for both technical experts and general readers, making it easy to understand complex concepts. - Real-world examples: Case studies and examples from actual missions bring the theoretical concepts to life. - Future-focused: The book explores emerging technologies that are shaping the future of spacecraft health management, giving readers a glimpse into the future of space exploration. Whether you're a seasoned space engineer or simply curious about the wonders of space exploration, this book
Khan, Samir
Reference
Empirical Modelling of Machinability during Drilling of Aluminium Oxide/Glass Fiber Reinforced Resin/Epoxy Composites2024-01-521912/10/2024
This study describes the Taguchi optimization process applied to optimize drilling parameters for glass fiber reinforced composite (GFRC) material. The machining process is analyzed in relation to process parameters using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The characteristics assessed for both the drilling and the specimen include speed, feed rate, drill size, and specimen thickness. The commercial software program MINITAB14 was used to collect and analyze the measured results. Cutting force and torque during drilling are examined in relation to these parameters using an orthogonal array and a signal-to-noise ratio. The primary goal is to identify the critical elements and combinations of elements that impact the machining process to achieve minimal cutting thrust and torque, based on the evaluation of the Taguchi technique
Raja, Rosari, Jannet, Sabitha, Kandavalli, Sumanth Ratna
Technical Paper
Automatic Hose Cutting Machine for Small Scale Industries2024-01-521712/10/2024
The goal of this work is to increase the accuracy and efficiency of hose cutting operations in small scale industries is by designing and building an automatic hose-cutting equipment. The device uses a computer-controlled system to autonomously cut pipes of various sizes and lengths. By means of a stepper motor-driven, rapidly spinning blade, the cutting process is accomplished. Additionally, the machine has sensors that measure the hose's length and modify the cutting position as necessary. Premium components and materials are used in the machine's construction; these are chosen for their performance and longevity. The device is able to boost cut precision and raise industry production all around from 100% to 190% efficient system thereby decreasing labor and time needed for hose cutting operations
Feroz Ali, L., Manikandan, R., Madhankumar, S., Sri Hari, P., Suriya Prakash, T., Vishnu Doss, G.
Technical Paper
Establishing an Empirical Relationship to Predict the Tensile Strength of a FSSW-AA7075 Aluminum Alloy with Mild Steel2024-01-522412/10/2024
In this study, an investigation was conducted on friction stir spot-welded AA7075 aluminum alloy with mild steel. Fusion welding of these two materials presents challenges because of differences in melting points and metallurgical incompatibility. To overcome these challenges, friction stir spot welding was employed for joining these materials. Trial runs were conducted based on a central composite rotatable design matrix, which encompassed four factors at five levels: tool rotational speed, plunge rate, dwell time, and tool diameter ratio. Shear tests were conducted to evaluate the joint strength, and subsequently, an empirical equation was developed via analysis of variance. Notably, a joint fabricated under specific conditions demonstrated exceptional strength, with the highest fracture load of 9.56 kN. These optimal parameters included the tool rotational speed, plunge ratio, dwell time and diameter ratio of 1000 rpm, 4 mm/min, 5 sec and 3.0. This achievement underscores the
Salman, Riyam Abd Alrazaq, Mohammed, Khidhair Jasim, Rajan, Rajthilak Krishnan, Smaisim, Ghassan Fadhil, Siva Subramanian, R.
Technical Paper
AI-Driven Diagnostic System for Vehicles: Leveraging AI for Accurate and Efficient Automotive Problem Solving2024-01-522512/10/2024
Traditional vehicle diagnostics often rely on manual inspections and diagnostic tools, which can be time-consuming, inconsistent, and prone to human error. As vehicle technology evolves, there is a growing need for more efficient and reliable diagnostic methods. This paper introduces an innovative AI-based diagnostic system utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) to provide expert-level analysis and solutions for automotive issues. By inputting various details such as the vehicle’s make, model, year, mileage, problem description, and symptoms, the AI system generates comprehensive diagnostics, identifies potential causes, suggests step-by-step repair solutions, and offers maintenance tips. The proposed system aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, ultimately benefiting mechanics and vehicle owners. The system’s effectiveness is evaluated through various experiments and case studies, showcasing its potential to revolutionize vehicle diagnostics
Sasikala, T., Swathi, B., Raj, J. Joshua Daniel, Shetty, G. Shreyas, Didagur, Darshan
Technical Paper
Accommodation Tool Reference Point for Class B VehiclesJ1516_202412 (Current)12/06/2024
This Recommended Practice provides procedures for defining the Accelerator Heel Point and the Accommodation Tool Reference Point, a point on the seat H-point travel path which is used for locating various driver workspace accommodation tools in Class B vehicles (heavy trucks and buses). Three accommodation tool reference points are available depending on the percentages of males and females in the expected driver population (50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5). These procedures are applicable to both the SAE J826 HPM and the SAE J4002 HPM-II
Truck and Bus Human Factors Committee
Recommended Practice
Automotive Grade Coaxial Cable Performance SpecificationUSCAR29 (Historical)12/06/2024
This document specifies dimensional, functional and visual requirements for Automotive grade coaxial cable. This material will be designated AG for general-purpose automotive applications or AG LL for low loss applications. It is the responsibility of the user of this cable to verify the suitability of the selected product (based on dimensional, mechanical, electrical and environmental requirements) for its intended application. It is the responsibility of the supplier to retain and maintain records as evidence of compliance to the requirements detailed in this standard
USCAR
Specification
Dynamic Modeling of Torque & Emissions: Digital Twin to Simulate Combustion Process and Exhaust Emissions for Diagnostics & Prognostics Applications2024-28-017212/05/2024
As a journey to green initiatives, one of the focus areas for automotive industry is reducing environmental impact especially in case of internal combustion engines. Latest digital twin technology enable modelling complicated, fast and unsteady phenomena including the changes of emission gases concentration and output torque observed during diesel emission and combustion process. This paper presents research on the emission and combustion characteristics of a heavy vehicle diesel engine, elaborating an engineered architecture for prognostics/diagnostics, state monitoring, and performance trending of heavy-duty vehicle engine (HDVE) and after treatment system (ATS). The proposed architecture leverages advanced modeling methodologies to ensure precise predictions and diagnostics, using data-driven techniques, the architecture accurately model’s engine and exhaust system behaviors under various operating conditions. For exhaust system, architecture demonstrates encouraging predictive
Singh, Prabhsharn, Thakare, Ujval, Hivarkar, Umesh
Technical Paper
Forced Air or Forced Air/Fluid Equipment for Removal of Frozen ContaminantsAIR6284A (Current)12/03/2024
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) covers forced air technology including: reference material, equipment, safety, operation, and methodology. This resource document is intended to provide information and minimum safety guidelines regarding the use of forced air or forced air/fluid equipment to remove frozen contaminants
G-12E Equipment Committee
Information Report
INSTALLING AND REMOVAL TOOLS, CONNECTOR, ELECTRICAL CONTACT, TYPE III, CLASS 1, COMPOSITION BAS81969/16A (Current)12/03/2024
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Technical Standard
INSTALLING AND REMOVAL TOOLS, CONNECTOR ELECTRICAL CONTACT, TYPE III, CLASS 2, COMPOSITION BAS81969/39A (Current)12/03/2024
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Technical Standard
Application Layer - DiagnosticsJ1939/73_202412 (Current)12/03/2024
SAE J1939-73 defines the SAE J1939 messages to accomplish diagnostic services and identifies the diagnostic connector to be used for the vehicle service tool interface. Diagnostic messages (DMs) provide the utility needed when the vehicle is being repaired. Diagnostic messages are also used during vehicle operation by the networked electronic control modules to allow them to report diagnostic information and self-compensate as appropriate, based on information received. Diagnostic messages include services such as periodically broadcasting active diagnostic trouble codes, identifying operator diagnostic lamp status, reading or clearing diagnostic trouble codes, reading or writing control module memory, providing a security function, stopping/starting message broadcasts, reporting diagnostic readiness, monitoring engine parametric data, etc. California-, EPA-, or EU-regulated OBD requirements are satisfied with a subset of the specified connector and the defined messages
Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Recommended Practice
Guide to Temperature Monitoring in Aircraft Gas Turbine EnginesAIR1900C (Current)12/03/2024
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides an overview of temperature measurement techniques for various locations of aircraft gas turbine engines while focusing on current usage and methods, systems, selection criteria, and types of hardware
E-32 Aerospace Propulsion Systems Health Management
Information Report
INSTALLING AND REMOVAL TOOLS, CONNECTOR, ELECTRICAL CONTACT, TYPE III, CLASS 2, COMPOSITIONAS81969/12A (Current)12/03/2024
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Technical Standard
Caterpillar expands family of next-gen compact track loaders and skid steers24TOFHP12_1212/01/2024
Caterpillar has released a cavalcade of new compact track loaders and skid steer loaders. The new CTL models include the 275, 275 XE, 285 and 285 XE. These models join the lineup alongside the 255 and 265, which were introduced last year (www.sae.org/news/2024/02/cat-compact-loaders). The 285 and 285 XE are the largest CTLs Caterpillar has ever produced and reportedly feature greater lift height and lift and tilt breakout forces. “We are excited to launch the next-generation design for our skid steer loader line and expand the performance capabilities to more compact track loader models,” said Trevor Chase, senior product consultant and new product introduction lead for Caterpillar. “Their increased power, lift height, breakout forces, rated operating capacity (ROC) and multiple high-flow auxiliary hydraulic system options give customers a flexible, high-performance machine to get the job done
Wolfe, Matt
Magazine Article
Potential Solvents for Building on Moon and MarsTBMG-5220612/01/2024
Researchers have taken the first steps toward finding liquid solvents that may someday help extract critical building materials from lunar and Martian rock dust, an important piece in making long-term space travel possible
Magazine Article
‘First of Its Kind’ Composite Material to Help Space Vessels Travel Longer DistancesTBMG-5212612/01/2024
The future of space travel is seemingly changing by the day and a Coventry University academic is doing his bit to stay at the front of the space race
Magazine Article
Cleaner, Carpet Shampoo TypeAMS1630D (Current)11/22/2024
This specification covers a shampoo type carpet cleaner in the form of a liquid
AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee
Material Specification
Disinfectant (Insecticide), AircraftAMS1450B (Current)11/22/2024
This specification covers insecticides for use in disinsection of aircraft as required on international passenger flights
AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee
Material Specification
Disinfectant, Aircraft For Use in Cargo CompartmentsAMS1451C (Current)11/22/2024
This specification covers disinfectants or chemicals for use in disinfecting aircraft after carrying livestock
AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee
Material Specification
Heavy-Duty OBD IUMPR Data Collection Tool ProcessJ3162_202411 (Current)11/21/2024
This SAE Information Report describes the collection of IUMPR data required by the heavy-duty onboard diagnostic regulation 13 CCR § 1971.1 (l)(2.3.3), using SAE J1939-defined messages incorporated in a suite of software functions
Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Information Report
Battery Powered Aircraft Tow Tractors - Factors for Design ConsiderationAIR1854B (Current)11/21/2024
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) identifies and summarizes the various factors that must be considered and evaluated by the design or specifying engineer in establishing the specifications and design characteristics of battery-powered aircraft tow tractors. This AIR is presented in two parts. The first part is simply a summarization of design factors that must be considered in establishing vehicle specifications and design characteristics. The second part refers particularly to the performance characteristics of an aircraft tow tractor. Some definitions, formulas, data, and an example are provided mainly for assisting the specifying engineers of potential buyers and users of aircraft tow tractors in the evaluation and comparison of their requirements with the performance capabilities of the various tow tractors offered by the tow tractor manufacturers. Although the design engineers could also use the formulas and data in their calculations of the performance specifications
AGE-3 Aircraft Ground Support Equipment Committee
Information Report
Design and Maintenance Considerations for Aircraft Exterior Lighting Plastic LensesARP5637A (Current)11/21/2024
The information in this document is intended to apply to commercial jet transport category airplanes that incorporate plastic (polycarbonate or acrylic) lenses on exterior light assemblies, or are being considered for such an application as opposed to glass lens designs. Exterior lighting applications include position light assemblies, anticollision light asemblies, and landing light assemblies. However, much of the material provided herein is general in nature and is directly applicable to many aircraft categories including, but not limited to, helicopters, general aviation aircraft, and military aircraft
A-20B Exterior Lighting Committee
Recommended Practice
SIMPLIFIED APPROACH ON DEVELOPING PREVENTIVE AND CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE STRATEGY2024-01-369111/15/2024
ABSTRACT Developing preventive and corrective maintenance strategies for military ground vehicles based on asset readiness and lifecycle cost is a challenge due to the complexity associated with the collection and storage of maintenance and failure data in the operational environment. Many of the past reliability centered maintenance efforts have encountered significant challenges in collecting, identifying, accessing, cleaning, enhancing, fusing, and analyzing the data. Another challenge is creating and maintaining complex simulation models that require significant effort and time to produce business value. The work described in this paper is the result of a collaborative effort among multiple US Army organizations to simplify the approach in order to gain valuable insight from the existing data. It is shown how the resulting process can be used to develop simplified models to optimize corrective and preventive maintenance programs. Details are provided on how to work with the
Gugaratshan, Guga, Srinivasan, Syamala, Harrison, Dean, Castanier, Matthew P., Wade, Jody D., Jones, J. Isaac “Ike”
Technical Paper
UTILIZATION OF MODEL-BASED APPROACHES IN CONDITION BASED MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS2024-01-366811/15/2024
ABSTRACT All CBM+ solutions must establish a business case considering cost of implementation and sustainment of value with a quantifiable return on investment. The business case must be traceable to specific failure modes, associated failure effects, criticality, and risk. Risk is not limited to safety and operational risks. Predictive systems by definition return both true and false predictions representing operational and financial risk from high false positive rates. There is also risk of losing operator confidence in predictive systems when there is a high false positive rate. All of these risks must be quantified and considered in the design and development of CBM+ systems. Model based approaches are effective in accelerating development, defining advanced functional characteristics, and efficiently testing dynamic effects of complex systems. CBM+ maintenance strategies rely on performance of complex systems
Nelson, David, Banghart, Marc
Technical Paper
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