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Reduction in Product Development Time by Field-to-Lab Simulation2025-28-0282To be published on 11/06/2025
KEYWORDS: Flywheel Inertia, Clutch system, Gear Box, Tractor application, Instrumentation, data analysis, Design and develop new test methodology. ABSTRACT: Puddling is a crucial process in rice cultivation, involving the preparation of the soil in a flooded field to create a soft, muddy seedbed. There are two classifications for puddling: full cage and half cage. Full cage puddling involves replacing the rear wheels of the tractor with steel paddle wheels, which are used to till the rice paddies directly without any additional implement. In the half cage puddling, the rear wheels remain on the tractor, and a smaller cage or paddle wheel is attached to the outside. Considering the field size, the operator often releases the clutch very quickly after a speed or direction change. This generates torque spikes, which are harmful to Transmission Gears and Clutches. This can lead to gear teeth bending fatigue failure due to repeated higher bending stresses. In this paper, a study related to
Pathan, Irfan Hamidulla, Bardia, Prashant
Development of high-efficiency, fully recyclable eMotors for light mobility applications produced in the EU2025-32-0098To be published on 11/03/2025
The growing awareness of the environmental impact of human activities, particularly in the field of transport, coupled with the European "Green Deal" strategy aiming for carbon neutrality, has triggered a revolution in mobility compared to the 20th century. Alongside the general focus for automotive sector, light mobility market is particularly rising in current years with tremendous creative solutions as well in terms of functionality as in the design, while the production volumes tend to increase by a fast rate. This domain is being developed using mainly existing permanent magnet rich motor technologies focusing on functionality and cost leaving aside efficiency, lifespan guarantee and end-of-life management which is one of the adjacent problems of the domain. Moreover, European Critical Raw Material act tends to develop a strong, resilient, and sustainable value chains requiring a different approach as well for light mobility powertrains. This article aims at presenting the
CISSE, Koua Malick, Milosavljevic, Misa, Mallard, Vincent, Valin, Thomas, De Paola, Gaetano
A Simulation Approach for the Impact Assessment of an Axial Flux Traction Motor Applied on Road Electric Vehicle2025-32-0077To be published on 11/03/2025
In the transition towards sustainable mobility, Circular Design principles are crucial. Electric Motors are subject to continuous innovation to improve efficiency, performance density and reduce externalities associated with their production. Therefore, the choice of technological solutions during design phase must guarantee optimal performance and minimal environmental impact throughout the entire product life cycle: production, use, and end-of-life. In the automotive sector, the use phase is particularly critical since the efficiency of the traction system is directly related to total energy consumption during the life cycle and, consequently, to its environmental impact. This research introduces a simulation-based approach to evaluate the use phase of an Axial Flux Electric Motor equipped with Permanent Magnets (AFPM). While providing high performance for electric traction motors, these magnets are composed of Rare Earth Elements (REEs), e.g. Neodymium, classified as Critical Raw
Guadagno, Maurizio, Berzi, Lorenzo, Pugi, Luca, Delogu, Massimo
Higher-strength, higher-toughness die cast wheel material using recycled aluminum2025-32-0007To be published on 11/03/2025
In an attempt to reduce CO2 release from the alloy wheel production, we have developed such an aluminum alloy for casting that satisfies necessary property requirements using recycled aluminum and without heat treatment. The wheel is a critical safety item of the vehicle requiring higher toughness and strength. In many wheels, virgin aluminum containing small amounts of impurities are used to maintain toughness, and the heat treatment (T6), in which quick heating and cooling are conducted after the casting, is applied to provide ensure strength. At the start of this project, we focused on two wheel-manufacturing processes; the production of virgin aluminum and the heat treatment, from which a large amount of CO2 is released. The change from the virgin to the recycled material allows reduction of CO2 release to 1/9. The issue in the use of recycled material is that impurities grow in the metal structures as an intermetallic compounds and lower toughness. To deal with the said issue, we
Suzuki, Noritaka
Establishing the method for simulation of electric potential in cooling water passages of outboard motors2025-32-0008To be published on 11/03/2025
Producing 3D models of cooling water passages of outboard motors, and calculating distribution of electric potential on the water passage surfaces using BEM, we have developed the new method for simulation of electric potential distribution. The outboard motor is a propulsion system attached to the transom of the boat with steering function. As the water around the boat is drawn in for cooling of the engine, the engine parts are susceptible to severe corrosion. As a means to help prevent corrosion, a part referred to as the anode metal, which has a lower natural potential, is provided. Such a method is called the sacrifice protection because the anode metal corrodes before the engine parts due to the difference of electric potential. Since anti-corrosion currents occur preferentially to areas close to the anode metal, the anode metal is required to be located at the most effective place for corrosion protection. However, there are certain restrictions in the layout of anode metal from
Shibuya, Ryota, Suzuki, Hiroki
DEVELOPMENT OF CAPACITIVE PRESSURE SENSOR FOR AUTOMOTIVES2025-28-0387To be published on 10/30/2025
The proposed electrostatic capacitive pressure sensor is intended for measuring pressure for automotives. It can measure pressure using this capacitive pressure sensor, which works by monitoring changes in capacitance and diaphragm movement. The diaphragm of the sensor moves lower in response to a boundary load, shortening the distance between it and the die's grounded portion and raising capacitance. By altering the dielectric material and geometry, the sensor is optimized. The sensor is made up of a silicon die, a steel base, and ceramic (Nextel 480 mullite fibers), as the dielectric material. To ensure uniform application of the boundary load around the circle, the geometry of the die changed from a cuboidal shape to a cylindrical one. Based on the broad range of pressure values the diaphragm, dielectric medium, and base thicknesses have been adjusted. The diaphragm is thickened to strengthen the sensor's resistance, to greater pressures. Compared to the prior model (cuboidal die
P, Geetha
DEVELOPMENT OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR FOR AUTOMOTIVES2025-28-0394To be published on 10/30/2025
The paper presents a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) temperature sensor that has been designed using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 software for use in predicting the temperature of automotive parts. Due to its versatility, the shape of this design employs a meander, and this involves joule heating physics. It can measure temperatures ranging from -200°C to 600°C. It clearly shows the variation of resistance with temperature. For this design, copper material is used because of some advantages: high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength, which help in withstanding harsh climate conditions in the stratosphere. This sensor works based on the principle of temperature dependence of resistance; that is, the resistance of the material increases or decreases based on temperature.
P, Geetha
Graphene based solar photonic battery for Aircraft-A Finite Element based 2D Analysis2025-28-0389To be published on 10/30/2025
Over the past one decade, progresses in nanoscience and nano technology have unlocked up novel avenues for the formation of operative photo cells. Currently, metal, polymer and semiconductor nanostructure designs for photovolotaic cells can be built. Considering the optical and electrical mechanisms underlying photovoltaic conversion has also helped from hypothetical and modeling reviews. The great cost and low efficacy of contemporary solar photo voltaic cells avoid solar energy from being used extensively. nanomaterials of one-dimensional (1-D) in particular have made original project potentials for additional efficient solar cells possible because of nanostructured ingredients. These one-dimensional nano structures, which include nanowires, nanorods, and nanotubes, present fantastic opportunities to boost photon concentration, electron transport, and electron gathering in photovoltaic battery. Graphene is a 2D (two-dimension), atomically thin, hexagonal lattice of carbon. The
P, Geetha, Sudarmani, R, c, Venkataramanan, Satyam, Satyam, Nagarajan, Sudarson
Durable Aluminum Alloys for Brake Disc and Rotor Applications2025-01-035809/15/2025
Lightweight materials are essential in reducing the overall weight and improving the efficiency and performance of ICE and electric vehicles. The use of aluminum alloys is critical in transitioning to a more energy sustainable and environmentally friendly future. The accessible combinations of high modulus to density and strength to weight ratios, as well as their excellent thermal conductivity, make them an ideal solution for overall weight reduction in vehicles, thereby improving fuel efficiency and reducing emissions. Aluminum alloys with high strength and lifetime thermal stability have been industrialized for usage in brake rotor applications. Amongst the most used aluminum alloys with high thermal stability are 2618-T8 and 4032-T6 for use in aerospace and automotive industries, respectively. However, when it comes to prolonging the life of a product at temperatures that exceed 200°C, the properties of these alloys will quickly degrade within the first 300 hours of exposure
Duchaussoy, Amandine, Lorenzino, Pablo, Franklin, Jack, Tzedaki, Maria
Achieving Euro 7 Compliance: Cost-Effective Brake Wear Particle Emissions and Performance with FNC-Smart ONC® GCI Rotors2025-01-033209/15/2025
Advanced ferritic nitrocarburizing process combined with a specialized post-oxidation treatment described as FNC + Smart ONC® [1] is developed for brake rotor applications. The process can be applied to standard grey cast iron brake rotors, significantly reducing PM 10 emissions to levels below the Euro 7 limits for most vehicles equipped with at least some recuperative braking capabilities, all without compromising performance. Finished grey iron brake rotors, ferritic nitrocarburized and post oxidized were evaluated according to several industry standards. The standards include SAE J2707B (Block Wear Test including Highway) [2], GRPE-90-24 Rev.1 Emission Test (Full WLTP Brake Cycle 6 Times) [3], and SAE J2522 (AK-Master Performance) [4]. Nitrocarburized post oxidized brake rotors were compared to untreated grey iron rotors exposed to several friction materials. Ferritic nitrocarburizing and post oxidation addresses the issue of corrosion, which is particularly relevant for brake
Winter, Karl-Michael, Holly, Mike
Effect of Casting Microstructure on the Mechanical Performance of Recycled EN AC-43200 Al-Si Alloy2025-01-035709/15/2025
This work investigates the influence of casting microstructure on the mechanical performance of ad hoc samples of recycled EN AC-43200 Al-Si alloy. Three batches are produced by modifying the casting process parameters (i.e., molten alloy temperature and in-mold cooling conditions) to obtain different casting microstructures. Room temperature tensile and high-cycle fatigue tests, coupled with metallography, X-ray tomography, and fatigue fracture surface analysis, are performed to elucidate the relationship between microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the investigated alloy. The findings indicate that casting pores and intermetallic precipitates play a pivotal role in influencing the mechanical behavior and performance of cast, recycled EN AC-43200 Al-Si alloy. Additionally, an inverse correlation between secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) and both tensile properties and fatigue life is established.
Pavesi, Arianna, Barella, Silvia, D'Errico, Fabrizio, Bonfanti, Andrea, Bertasi, Federico
Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Bars, Wire, Forgings, Mechanical Tubing, Rings, and Stock for Forging, Rings and Heading, 16Cr - 4.0Ni - 0.30Cb - 4.0Cu (17-4 PH®), Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation Hardenable, Premium Aircraft Quality, Consumable Electrode RemeltedAMS5622H (Current)09/10/2025
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, corrosion-resistant steel in the form of bars, wire, forgings, mechanical tubing, flash-welded rings up to 8.0 inches (203 mm) in diameter or least distance between parallel sides in the solution heat-treated condition (see 8.4), and stock of any size for forging, flash-welded rings, or heading.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Steel, Bars, Forgings, Mechanical Tubing and Forging Stock, 0.80Cr (0.90 - 1.03C), For Bearing ApplicationsAMS6477E (Current)09/10/2025
This specification covers a low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and forging stock.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Aluminum Alloy Castings, High Strength, 4.5Cu - 0.70Ag - 0.30Mn - 0.25Mg - 0.25Ti (A201.0-T7), Solution Heat Treated and OveragedAMS4229H (Current)09/10/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of sand, permanent mold, and composite mold castings with nominal wall thickness up to 1.0 inch (25 mm) or nominal weight up to 50 pounds (23 kg) (see 8.2 and 8.8).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Bronze Alloy, Centrifugal and Continuous-Cast Castings, 81.5Cu - 10.3Al - 5.0Ni - 2.8Fe, Quench Hardened and Temper Annealed (TQ50)AMS4880E (Current)09/10/2025
This specification covers an aluminum bronze alloy in the form of centrifugal and continuous-cast castings (see 8.6).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
What Materials for an Electrical Motor with a High-Power Density?2025-24-012609/07/2025
The rapid development of electric mobility leads to improve the performance of all the powertrain components. There is still a high need to maximize their efficiency for autonomy reasons, but weight and volume are critical parameters for automotive, aeronautic or train applications. This paper focuses on electrical machines, especially the permanent magnet synchronous axial flux motors (PMSAFM) which offer advantages in terms of power density and volumetric electromagnetic torque. The paper proposes a panorama of solutions for designing such a motor, with an application case to 100 kW – 10000 rpm, and an objective of 12 kW/kg at steady state. Obtaining such a power density can be obtained by optimizing the design, by boosting the current, using a high DC voltage, choosing a high-performance electrical steel and adapted permanent magnets, etc). For the PMSAFM topologies several configurations can be considered, and the authors show that a double rotor PMSAFM surface-mounted magnets
Lecointe, Jean-Philippe, Hebri, Mohamed, Bauw, Grégory, Fawaz, Sara, Duchesne, Stéphane, Zito, Gianluca, ABDELLI, Abdenour, ARSLANE, Idir
Diversifying the Supply Chain for Producing Large-Scale Metal PartsTBMG-5371309/01/2025
Researchers at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory are using advanced manufacturing techniques to revitalize the domestic production of very large metal parts that weigh at least 10,000 pounds each and are necessary for a variety of industries, including clean energy.
Advanced Thermal Inspection with Pulsed Light Emitting Diodes (PLED) TechnologyTBMG-5371609/01/2025
Thermal nondestructive evaluation (NDE) is a widely used method for detecting defects such as cracks, corrosion, and dis-bond layers in metallic and composite structures. Traditional thermal inspection methods rely on a high-intensity, broadband light heat source (e.g., flash lamp, quartz lamp) that generates heat that is absorbed by the material, and an infrared camera captures the transient thermal response to generate inspection data. However, inspecting low emissivity surfaces (such as unpainted aluminum and titanium alloys) poses challenges including high reflection of the heat source light that can cause inaccurate measurement of the surface temperature response, produce false defect indications, and potential sensor damage due to high-intensity reflections.
Aluminum Alloy Castings, Investment, 7.0Si - 0.32Mg (356.0-T51), Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4261H (Current)08/22/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of investment castings (see 8.6).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Investment Castings, 65Ni - 28Mo - 5.5Fe - 0.40V (N-12MV and Hastelloy® B), As-CastAMS5396G (Current)08/22/2025
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of investment castings.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Steel, Bars, Forgings and Forging Stock, 0.18 - 0.23C (SAE 1022)AMS5070L (Current)08/22/2025
This specification covers a carbon steel in the form of bars up through 3.000 inches (76.20 mm) and forgings and forging stock of any size.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Using AI to Perfect the 3D Printing of MetalsTBMG-5367008/20/2025
TOC99-07-04-0TOC08/19/2025
TOC
Tobolski, Sue
Cast Aluminum Alloy Composite 4.6Cu - 3.4Ti - 1.4B - 0.75Ag - 0.27Mg (205.0/TiB2/3p-T7P) Sand Cast, Solution, and Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4482B (Current)08/19/2025
This specification covers a dilute aluminum/TiB2 metal matrix composite in the form of sand castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy, Castings 4.7Cu - 0.60Ag - 0.35Mn - 0.25Mg - 0.25Ti (B201.0-T7) Solution Heat Treated and OveragedAMS4242D (Current)08/19/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Titanium Alloy Bars, Wire, and Forgings 7Al - 4Mo Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4970M (Current)08/19/2025
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, wire, forgings up to 4.000 inches (101.60 mm), inclusive, and forging stock.
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization (MMPDS) Handbook - 2025 - Volume IIB-993_VOLUME208/13/2025
Volume II publishes the framework for generating and analyzing the data so that material sponsors can generate the right data, knowing how it will be analyzed by the Battelle Memorial Institute. MMPDS-2025 Volume II Process Intensive Materials and Joining Technologies does not currently have any material properties, focusing on additive manufacturing of metallic materials. MMPDS-2025 Volume II focuses on non-conventional processes and will be published each year. Volume I: Conventional Materials and Joint Allowables.
Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization (MMPDS) Handbook - 2025 - Volume IB-993_VOLUME108/13/2025
The Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization MMPDS-2025 supersedes MMPDS-24 and prior editions of the MMPDS Handbook as well as all editions of MIL-HDBK-5, Metallic Materials and Elements for Aerospace Vehicle Structures Handbook that were maintained by the U.S. Air Force. The last edition, MIL-HDBK-5J was cancelled by the U.S. Air Force in March 2006. This document contains design information on the mechanical and physical properties of metallic materials and joints commonly used in aircraft and aerospace vehicle structures. All information contained in this Handbook has been reviewed and approved using a standardized process. The development and ongoing maintenance process involves certifying agencies, including the FAA, DoD, and NASA, and major material suppliers and material users worldwide. The information and procedures in this Handbook are continuously reviewed and modified or removed as determined to be appropriate. With advances in materials and fastener
Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion ProcessAMS7007 (Current)08/11/2025
This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of aerospace parts by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EB-PBF). It is intended to be used for aerospace parts manufactured using additive manufacturing (AM) metal alloys, but usage is not limited to such applications.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
Iron-Nickel Alloy Strip 49Fe - 5.3Cr - 42Ni - 2.5Ti - 0.55Al Solution Heat TreatedAMS5221G (Current)08/07/2025
This specification covers an iron-nickel alloy in the form of strip 0.020 to 0.250 inch (0.51 to 6.35 mm), inclusive, in thickness.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Aerospace & Defense Technology: August 202525AERP0808/07/2025
Are Military Avionics Systems Ready for Artificial Intelligence? Reclaiming Readiness: Advancing US Defense Through Scalable Additive Manufacturing When Innovation Outpaces Infrastructure: R&D's New Reality in Aerospace Confidence Through Testing: How to Design a Practical Structural Test Program The Tug-of-War Between Speed and Strength How to strike a balance between cable performance and resilience. 101st Combat Aviation Brigade Makes History with First MUOS Connectivity in a Helicopter New Laser Technique Revolutionizes Ultra-High Ceramic Manufacturing for Spacecraft Researchers have demonstrated a new technique that uses lasers to create ceramics that can withstand ultra-high temperatures, with applications ranging from nuclear power technologies to spacecraft and jet exhaust systems. A Twist in Topology Optimization Leads to High-Performing Heat Exchanger Researchers used an innovative approach to the geometry and design of pipes that flow hot and cold fluids through heat
Wire Fed Plasma Arc Directed Energy Deposition Additive Manufacturing ProcessAMS7005 (Current)08/06/2025
This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of preforms by Wire Fed Plasma Arc Directed Energy Deposition (PA-DED). It is intended to be used for aerospace parts manufactured using Additive Manufacturing (AM) metal alloys, but usage is not limited to such applications.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
New Copper Alloy Could Provide Breakthrough in Durability for Military SystemsTBMG-5359108/01/2025
U.S. Army researchers, in collaboration with academic partners, invented a stronger copper that could help advance defense, energy and aerospace industries thanks to its ability to endure unprecedented temperature and pressure extremes. Extreme materials experts at the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM) Army Research Laboratory built on a decade of scientific success to develop a new way to create alloys that enable Army-relevant properties that were previously unachievable. An alloy is a combination of a metal with other metals or nonmetals.
Bosch invested in large-scale metal 3D printing25TOFHP08_0508/01/2025
Bosch bolstered its 3D printing capabilities when it added a new metal 3D printer at its Nuremberg, Germany, plant earlier this year. The NXG XII 600 metal 3D printer from Nikon SLM Solutions met the supplier's need - the need for speed - as well as the non-Top Gun-related precision, flexibility and energy efficiency when manufacturing complex metal parts for its in-house and third-party customers. The Nuremberg plant invested nearly six million euros in the center, including the purchase and installation of the new metal 3D printer. Bosch claims to be the first Tier 1 automotive supplier in Europe to have a facility in this performance class.
Gehm, Ryan
Advanced High Strength Steels in Rear Underrun Protection Devices2025-36-031008/01/2025
A Rear Underrun Protection Device (RUPD) is a safety feature installed on the rear end of chassis of trailers, designed to prevent smaller vehicles from sliding underneath the rear of the trailer in the event of a collision. Therefore, it plays a critical role in reducing the risk of serious injuries or fatalities. The RUPD standard is updated aiming to improve the strength and resistance of these devices, therefore improving the road safety. This paper shares the author’s experience with the latest standards and regulations for Rear Underrun Protection Devices (RUPD), with a focus on the use of Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS). It provides a general overview of RUPD standard requirements and suggests several AHSS steel tube sizes suitable for the main longitudinal member, serving as a starting point for design. Key design parameters and potential failure points in RUPD structures are discussed, along with possible solutions. Finite Element Modeling (FEM) is commonly used in the
Rad, Nima Asadi
Leaf Springs in Focus: Integrated Validation of Material, Process, and Performance in Mechanical Suspensions2025-36-031208/01/2025
The continuous improvement of validation methodologies for mobility industry components is essential to ensure vehicle quality, safety, and performance. In the context of mechanical suspensions, leaf springs play a crucial role in vehicle dynamics, comfort, and durability. Material validation is based on steel production data, complemented by laboratory analyses such as tensile testing, hardness measurements, metallography, and residual stress analysis, ensuring that mechanical properties meet fatigue resistance requirements and expected durability. For performance evaluation, fatigue tests are conducted under vertical loads, with the possibility of including "windup" simulations when necessary. To enhance correlation accuracy, original suspension components are used during testing, allowing for a more precise validation of the entire system. Additionally, dynamic stiffness measurements provide valuable input for vehicle dynamics and suspension geometry analysis software, aiding in
Zahn, André N., Graebin, Matheus, Malacarne, Rodrigo, Toniolo, Juliano C.
Study of Residual Stresses on Flat Surfaces of DIN 51CrV4 Steel in the Stress Shot Peening Process2025-36-032708/01/2025
Compressive residual stresses are very important at fatigue life, therefore this work has an objective to determine compressive residual stresses longitudinally, along a surface, with three levels of deflection causing tensile prestresses on the surface fibers, of 750 MPa, 1100 MPa and 1500 MPa, supported in one support position on the compression side, 150 mm, equidistant from the longitudinal center of the samples, which are made of EN 47 steel (DIN 51CrV4), with dimensions of 15 mm thick, 70 mm width and 1500 mm long. The samples are submitted to quenching, tempering, surface polishing and stress relief processes, with radius of 2500 mm and concavity downwards, and after they are immersed in a tank with mineral and conventional quenching oil compound, then the samples are tempered and the concave surfaces are polished to remove decarburization and took into the furnace to relieve stress caused by the surface polishing process. Next step, the samples are peened, with deflections of
Chiqueti, Cleber Michel, de Almeida Benassi, Adriano, Gomes, Bárbara Miranda, dos Santos, Marcos, de Lima, Alexandre Santana, Rolim, José Ronaldo Agostinho, da Silva, Fernando Vilanova
Steel, Bars, Forgings and Forging Stock 3.5Cr - 9.5Ni - 18Co - 1.1Mo (0.13 - 0.17C) (Ferrium® C61) Premium Aircraft Quality, Double Vacuum Melted, Normalized, AnnealedAMS6517C (Current)08/01/2025
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, and forging stock.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Aluminum Alloy Castings, Permanent Mold 7.0Si - 0.30Mg (356.0-T6) Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4284L (Current)08/01/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of permanent mold castings (see 8.6).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy, Sheet, and Plate, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-O), Annealed; or, When Specified, “As Fabricated” (2024-F)AMS4035N (Current)08/01/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of sheet and plate 0.010 to 1.750 inch (0.25 to 44.45 mm) in thickness, supplied in the annealed (O temper) condition. When specified, product shall be supplied in the “as fabricated” (F) temper (see 8.5).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy Castings, Centrifugal, 7.0Si - 0.30Mg (356.0-T6), Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4285G (Current)08/01/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of centrifugal castings (see 8.6).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy, Castings, 4.5Cu - 0.70Ag - 0.30Mn - 0.25Mg - 0.25Ti (A201.0-T4), Solution Heat Treated and Naturally AgedAMS4223F (Current)08/01/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of castings with nominal wall thickness up to 1.0 inch (25 mm) (see 8.8).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Steel, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip and Plate 18Cr - 13Ni - 2.5Mo (SAE 316) Solution Heat TreatedAMS5524N (Current)07/25/2025
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate over 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) in nominal thickness.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Effect of Ce and Cr Additions on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Materials of Sn-9Zn Solder Alloy05-19-02-000907/22/2025
With rising environmental concerns, developing lead-free solders is crucial for sustainable electronics. Traditional lead-based solders, while effective, pose health and environmental risks, prompt a shift to safer alternatives that retain reliability. Sn-9Zn alloys, when alloyed with elements such as cerium (Ce) and chromium (Cr), show enhanced mechanical and thermal properties suited for modern electronics. This study examines the effects of Ce and Cr, and their combination in Sn-9Zn solder alloy, analyzing improvements in microstructure, thermal, wettability, and hardness properties. Microstructural analysis reveals that Ce and Cr additions refine the alloy’s structure, benefiting performance. Wettability testing shows that Sn-9Zn-0.05Ce achieves the lowest wetting angle, while Sn-9Zn-0.05Ce-0.1Cr displays a balanced angle between Sn-9Zn-0.05Ce and Sn-9Zn-0.1Cr. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicate that Sn-9Zn-0.05Ce has the lowest melting temperature, while Sn
Kumar, Niranjan, Maurya, Ambrish
Cobalt Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Investment Castings 50.5Co - 26Cr - 15Ni - 6.0Mo (Stellite® 30) As-CastAMS5380H (Current)07/22/2025
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant cobalt alloy in the form of investment castings.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy, Extrusion 2.7Cu - 1.8Li - 0.7Zn - 0.3Mn - 0.3Mg - 0.08Zr (2099-T81) Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Stretching 1 to 3% and AgedAMS4459C (Current)07/22/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, and profiles (shapes) from 0.375 to 1.300 inches (9.53 to 33.02 mm) in diameter or thickness, produced with cross-sectional area of 22.5 square inches (145 cm2), maximum, and a circumscribing circle diameter (circle size) of 17.4 inches (44.2 cm), maximum (see 2.4 and 8.8).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Cobalt Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Investment Castings 62Co - 27Cr - 2.8Ni - 5.5Mo (Stellite® 21) As-CastAMS5385J (Current)07/18/2025
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant cobalt alloy in the form of investment castings.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Cobalt Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Investment Castings 54Co - 25.5Cr - 10.5Ni - 7.5W (Stellite® 31) As-CastAMS5382L (Current)07/18/2025
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant cobalt alloy in the form of investment castings.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Investment Castings 73Ni - 12Cr - 4.5Mo - 2.0Cb (Nb) - 0.70Ti - 0.05C - 6.0Al - 0.010 - 0.10Zr (IN-713 - Low Carbon) Vacuum Cast, As-CastAMS5377H (Current)07/18/2025
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of investment castings.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
BOLT, MACHINE-DOUBLE HEXAGON, EXTENDED WASHER HEAD, PD SHANK, CRES AMS5643, .3125-24 UNJF-3AAS9734D (Current)07/16/2025
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
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