Browse Topic: Lithium
ABSTRACT Cornerstone Research Group (CRG) developed a lithium metal (Li-metal) battery cell for military applications. Utilizing a Li-metal anode, high energy density cathode, and an advanced low-temperature fluorinated electrolyte, the cell was designed and developed to provide high-power and low temperature capabilities. The 1.5 Ah Li-metal pouch cell had a specific energy of 247 Wh/kg and was able to discharge at ultra-low temperatures (-57 °C). Moreover, the Li-metal cell demonstrated extremely high-power by fully discharging at 10 C while maintaining over 70% its initial capacity. To demonstrate the Li-metal cell’s utility for military vehicle use, CRG modeled the cell into the 6T battery platform. A novel module housing was designed to evenly apply compression to the Li-metal cells to improve cell performance. Based on these projections, the Li-metal 6T battery could have a capacity of 163 Ah with a specific energy of 179 Wh/kg. Citation: J. Hondred, F. Zalar, P. Nikolaev, B
Safe and efficient energy storage is important for American prosperity and security. With the adoption of both renewable energy sources and electric vehicles on the rise around the world, it is no surprise that research into a new generation of batteries is a major focus. Researchers have been developing batteries with higher energy storage density, and thus, longer driving range. Other goals include shorter charging times, greater tolerance to low temperatures, and safer operation
A Columbia Engineering team has published a paper in the journal Joule that details how nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques can be leveraged to design the anode surface in lithium metal batteries. The researchers also present new data and interpretations for how this method can be used to gain unique insight into the structure of these surfaces
While Daimler Truck and Paccar are pursuing LFP battery cells, Volvo Trucks employs lithium-ion batteries in which lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA) is used as the cathode — for now anyway. The Swedish truck maker is continuously exploring other battery technologies
Sodium (Na), which is over 500 times more abundant than lithium (Li), has recently garnered significant attention for its potential in sodium-ion battery technologies. However, existing sodium-ion batteries face fundamental limitations, including lower power output, constrained storage properties, and longer charging times, necessitating the development of next-generation energy storage materials
Researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed a new lithium metal battery that can be charged and discharged at least 6,000 times — more than any other pouch battery cell — and can be recharged in a matter of minutes
RMIT University’s Arnan Mitchell and University of Adelaide’s Dr. Andy Boes led an international team to review lithium niobate’s capabilities and potential applications in the journal Science. The team is working to make navigation systems that help rovers drive on the Moon — where GPS is unable to work — later this decade
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory have invented and patented a new cathode material that replaces lithium ions with sodium and would be significantly cheaper. The cathode is one of the main parts of any battery. It is the site of the chemical reaction that creates the flow of electricity that propels a vehicle
A team from Chalmers University of Technology has succeeded in observing how the lithium metal in the cell behaves as it charges and discharges. The new method may contribute to batteries with higher capacity and increased safety in our future cars and devices
At the Battery Show North America in Novi, Michigan, in September, a panel of leaders addressed North America's lithium supply challenges and how aggressive movement from companies and governments will attempt to address the problem. Moderator James Frith, a principal with Volta Energy Technologies, opened by laying out the extreme challenges, including the fact that a decade ago, 75% of the world's lithium supply came from China, Chile and Australia. “By 2030,” he said, those countries' share of all supply will be less than 50
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have created a new and efficient way to recycle metals from spent electric vehicle (EV) batteries. The method allows recovery of 100 percent of the aluminum and 98 percent of the lithium in EV batteries. At the same time, the loss of valuable raw materials such as nickel, cobalt, and manganese is minimized. No expensive or harmful chemicals are required in the process because the researchers use oxalic acid – an organic acid that can be found in the plant kingdom
Engineers have made progress toward lithium-metal batteries that charge as fast as an hour. This fast charging is thanks to lithium metal crystals that can be seeded and grown — quickly and uniformly — on a surprising surface. This new approach, led by University of California San Diego engineers, enables charging of lithium-metal batteries in about an hour, a speed that is competitive against today’s lithium-ion batteries
“Adjacent” strategies such as improving vehicle efficiency and advancing promising chemistries can mitigate the risks associated with today's favored battery materials. Battery electric vehicle (BEV) adoption is taking off for a variety of reasons. Battery cost per kWh of energy stored has dropped 10-fold since 2010. Driving range has increased, making range anxiety less of a concern, particularly for households having Level 2 charging and several vehicles. Government regulations in key vehicle markets and automakers rethinking the electrical architecture to support software-defined vehicles also are stimulating an expanding choice of consumer EVs. With increased EV adoption comes concern for the environmental and human rights impact associated with battery materials mining and processing as well as national-security concerns. Supply volatility, given the huge investments and long-term return, make battery production susceptible to price spikes, as seen in 2022 with lithium and nickel
Solid-state lithium-ion batteries that use a solid electrolyte may potentially operate at wide temperatures and provide satisfactory safety. Moreover, the use of a solid electrolyte, which blocks the formation of lithium dendrites, allows batteries to use metallic lithium for the anode, enabling the batteries gain an energy density significantly higher than that of traditional lithium-ion batteries. Solid electrolytes play a role of conducting lithium ions and are the core of solid-state lithium-ion batteries. However, the development of solid lithium electrolytes towards a high lithium ionic conductivity, good chemical and electrochemical stability and scalable manufacturing method has been challenging. We report a new material composed of nitrogen-doped lithium metaphosphate, denoted as NLiPO3. The material delivers a lithium ionic conductivity on the order of 10-4 S/cm at room temperature, which is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional LiPON – the
Lithium-ion batteries have high energy density and a long cycle life, making them indispensable in portable electronics as well as electric vehicles. However, the high cost and limited supply of lithium necessitate the development of alternative energy storage systems. To this end, researchers have suggested sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as a possible candidate
Among the limitations of electric vehicles (EVs) is the lack of a long-lasting, high-energy-density battery that reduces the need to fuel up on long-haul trips. The same is true for houses during blackouts and power grid failures — small, efficient batteries able to power a home for more than one night without electricity don’t yet exist. A major issue is that while rechargeable lithium metal anodes play a key role in how well this new wave of lithium batteries functions, during battery operation, they are highly susceptible to the growth of dendrites — microstructures that can lead to dangerous short-circuiting, catching on fire, and even exploding
With the worldwide trends in mobile electrification, consumers' demand for fast charging of electric vehicles (EVs) continues to grow. However, due to the defects of the current mainstream vehicle-mounted lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithium plating will occur at the anode during charging at high current rates, reducing battery life and even causing serious safety problems. In this paper, a pseudo two-dimensional (P2D) model integrated with lithium plating and SEI growth reaction is established to simulate the aging behavior of the battery during the cycle aging process. After verifying the model, we set up simulation conditions to quantitatively analyze the relationship between battery operating temperature, charging rate and cycle life, as well as the causes of capacity attenuation under each operating condition. By analyzing the simulation results, we found that lithium deposition can be predicted based on the overpotential, which can provide guidance for healthy and efficient fast
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become a focus of research interest for electric vehicles (EVs) due to their high volumetric and gravimetric energy storage capability, lower self-discharge rate, and excellent rechargeability coupled with high operational voltage as compared with the lead-acid batteries. This paper presents different machine learning approaches to predict health indicators & usable cycle life of LIBs. Here, we focus on two important battery health indicators i.e., battery discharge capacity and Internal resistance (IR). We used publicly available multi-cycled data of the Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP), Lithium-Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt-Oxide (NMC) and Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO) cells. The approach proposed for predicting health indicators involves using a time-series model in the areas where the actual data i.e., from the Beginning of life (BOL) to the End of life (EOL) is not available. This methodology includes dynamically training a time-series based regression models
The element niobium (Nb), a transition metal, stands ready to improve the performance of one of the lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery’s confusing array of possible electrode chemistries — the LTO (lithium titanium oxide) anode, which after graphite is the second most-produced. During battery charging, lithium ions leave the positive cathode and move through the battery’s electrolyte to take up positions of higher energy in the anode. During discharge, this process reverses and drives electrons through an external circuit to power the load
Currently, two materials are used as anodes in most commercially available lithium-ion batteries that power items like cellphones, laptops, and electric vehicles. The most common, a graphite anode, is extremely energy dense — a lithium-ion battery with a graphite anode can power a car for hundreds of miles without needing to be recharged; however, recharging a graphite anode too quickly can result in fire and explosions due to a process called lithium metal plating. A safer alternative, the lithium titanate anode, can be recharged rapidly but results in a significant decrease in energy density, which means the battery needs to be recharged more frequently
As researchers push the boundaries of battery design, seeking to pack ever greater amounts of power and energy into a given amount of space or weight, one of the more promising technologies being studied is lithium-ion batteries that use a solid electrolyte material between the two electrodes, rather than the typical liquid. But such batteries have been plagued by a tendency for branch-like projections of metal called dendrites to form on one of the electrodes, eventually bridging the electrolyte and shorting out the battery cell
Lithium-metal batteries hold almost twice the energy of their widely used lithium-ion counterparts and they’re lighter. That combination offers the prospect of an electric vehicle that would be lighter and go much farther on a single charge. But lithium-metal batteries in the laboratory have been plagued by premature death, lasting only a fraction of the time of today’s lithium-ion batteries
State of Charge (SoC) estimation of battery plays a key role in strategizing the power distribution across the vehicle in Battery Management System. In this paper, a model for SoC estimation using Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is developed in Simulink. This model uses a 2nd order Resistance-Capacitance (2RC) Equivalent Circuit Model (ECM) of Lithium Ferrous Phosphate (LFP) cell to simulate the cell behaviour. This cell model was developed using the Simscape library in Simulink. The parameter identification experiments were performed on a new and a used LFP cell respectively, to identify two sets of parameters of ECM. The cell model parameters were identified for the range of 0% to 100% SoC at a constant temperature and it was observed that they vary as a function of SoC. Hence, variable resistance and capacitance blocks are used in the cell model so that the cell parameters can vary as a function of SoC. This facilitates the simulation of voltage drop due to internal resistances of the
The shift over of the automobile sector from the ICE to the electric drives is imminent due to arising global issues of pollution and ever rising pressure on the demand of the natural resources due to lower efficiency of the ICE drives. This has led to uprising of the Lithium-ion batteries, with addition of the burden of living to expectation of clean energy and higher efficiencies. Alongside, with limitation in the availability of the lithium-ion batteries they carry a hefty price tag with them, hence causing huddles in the research. Lack of research leads to failure of batteries and may cause life threatening situations when operating in the vehicle. In order to insight the working of the lithium-ion batteries under different driving and environmental conditions an analytical model is developed for the coupled electro-chemical and thermal phenomenon. This allows anticipating the behaviour of the battery under different conditions that influence its performance. The 18650 cylindrical
Lithium battery technology currently dominates the electrical vehicle market and it is expected will dominate over the next decade as it is mature enough to rapidly deliver new electrochemical devices. However, several issues related to safety and large scale availability of Lithium have determined in recent years the development of a new research field, known as "beyond Lithium", in the attempt to identify innovative systems for electric energy storage based on different metal anodes. In this context, metal-air batteries are the most promising electrochemical devices able to provide high theoretical energy and power densities and also, if properly conceived, to satisfy the sustainability characteristics imposed by modern legislations. Among the various metals considered as anode in metal-air batteries, Aluminum is the material with the most satisfactory parameters of economy/ecology and electrochemistry at the same time. The technological challenge in the research on Al-air batteries
The energy density of traditional lithium-ion batteries is approaching a saturation point that cannot meet the demands of the future; for example, in electric vehicles. Lithium-metal batteries can provide double the energy per unit weight when compared to lithium-ion batteries. The biggest challenge, however, is the formation of lithium dendrites — small, needle-like structures — over the lithium-metal anode. These dendrites often continue to grow until they pierce the separator membrane, causing the battery to short-circuit and ultimately destroy it. Researchers have developed a solution to prevent dendrite formation and thus at least double the lifetime of a lithium-metal battery. During the charge transfer process, lithium ions move back and forth between the anode and the cathode. Whenever they pick up an electron, they deposit lithium atoms, which accumulate on the anode. A crystalline surface is formed, which grows three-dimensionally where the atoms accumulate, creating the
Scientists from Brookhaven National Laboratory (Upton, NY) have identified the primary cause of failure in a state-of-the-art lithium-metal battery — of interest for long-range electric vehicles. Using high-energy X-rays, they followed the cycling-induced changes at thousands of different points across the battery and mapped the variations in performance. At each point, they used the X-ray data to calculate the amount of cathode material and its local state of charge. These findings, combined with complementary electrochemical measurements, enabled them to determine the dominant mechanism driving the loss of battery capacity after many charge-discharge cycles
All-solid-state lithium metal and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries with inorganic solid-state electrolytes offer improved safety for electric vehicles and other applications. Current manufacturing technology, however, suffers from high cost, excessive amounts of solid-state electrolyte and conductive additives, and low attainable volumetric energy density
Items per page:
50
1 – 50 of 290