Browse Topic: Exhaust emissions

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In early of 2023 the European Union began the process of banning the so-called Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, with a total elimination forecast for 2035. Currently, the refrigerant gas used by automakers is the R1234yf, a substitute for the R134a as a refrigerant with zero degree of ozone layer destruction, developed to meet the European directive 2006/40/EC that came into force in 2011. It requires all new car platforms for sale on the continent to use a refrigerant in their air-conditioning system with a Global Warming Potential below 150. The alternatives studies for the replacement of R1234yf are R744 (CO2) and R290 (Propane). The first is characterized by being a non-flammable gas and has a working pressure of 6 to 12 times higher than the current one. The second has the characteristic of having working pressure similar to R1234yf, but it is a highly flammable gas. This work focuses on the analysis of the two alternative gases to R1234yf, exploring their characteristics
Ariza, Valquíria RezendeErberelli, Diego PivattoSilva, Pedro Henrique Moraes daMiyauchi, Edison Tsutomu
Particulate matter (PM), mainly its finer fraction, is among the main atmospheric pollutants present in an urban environment. The relationship between the increase in the concentration of this pollutant and the harm to human health is well established. The main sources of particulate matter in urban areas are mobile sources, which include the exhaust emission from light duty vehicles. This work measured the emission of PM in three light duty passenger vehicles, characterizing it in terms of emitted mass in one “flex” vehicle with port fuel (indirect) injection (PFI), using ethanol and gasohol (mixture of 22% anhydrous ethanol and 78% gasoline, by volume), in another “flex” vehicle with direct fuel injection (GDI), and in a diesel vehicle. In addition to mass measurement, images of the filters used in PM sampling were produced using scanning electron microscopy. The processing of these images made it possible to determine the average PM size, as well as establish a particle size
Borsari, VanderleiNeto, Edson Elpídiode Abrantes, Rui
102.5
Catão, Vítor Gustavo GomesMachado, Amanda RibeiroFiorentin, Felipe KleinSilva, João Pedro AnutoBernardino, Lucas GabrielFiorentin, Thiago AntonioCarboni, Andrea Piga
22xx
Pasa, Bruno RobertoSilveira, Juliano PereiraFagundez, Jean Lucca SouzaLanzanova, Thompson Diórdinis MetzkaMartins, Mario Eduardo SantosSalau, Nina Paula Gonçalves
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