In today’s world, Vehicles are no longer mechanically dominated, with increased complexity, features and autonomous driving capabilities, vehicles are getting connected to internal and external environment e.g., V2I(Vehicle-to-Infrastructure), V2V(Vehicle-to-Vehicle), V2C(Vehicle-to-Cloud) and V2X(Vehicle-to-Everything). This has pushed classical automotive system in background and vehicle components are now increasingly dominated by software’s. Now more focus is made on to increase self-decision-making capabilities of automobile and providing more advance, safe and secure solutions e.g., Autonomous driving, E-mobility, and software driven vehicles, due to which vehicle digitization and lots of sensors inside and outside the vehicle are being used, and automobile are becoming intelligent. i.e., intelligent vehicles with advance safe and secure features but all these advancements come with significant threat of cybersecurity risk. Therefore, providing an automobile that is safe and secure through cyber-attack is also got equal importance.
In this paper, we will discuss some of the challenges and key application of cybersecurity in the automotive sector. We will also discuss some possible approaches to address these challenges and enhance the security and privacy of automotive systems. Certain Automotive cybersecurity applications include Secure ECU communication, Digital signature generation and verification, Secure V2X, In-vehicle infotainment (IVI) security, Secure key management and storage, Secure remote vehicle access and control, and Secure over-the-air (OTA) updates. The main challenges for all these applications are to maintain confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of the data, which can be maintained using cryptographic algorithms and key management realized in Hardware Security Module (HSM). The HSM is a specialized Hardware component designed and integrated as a part of advanced microcontroller unit (MCU) architecture, dedicated to implement cryptographic security tasks. HSM provide various solutions for secure boot/authenticated boot, secure communication, secure key storage, certificate management, standard encryption / decryption algorithms, which strengthen the mode of algorithm and implements very robust Secured ECU communication.