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This specification covers the requirements for a process to assure removal of free iron or other less noble contaminants from the surfaces of corrosion-resistant steel parts.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
The process detailed within this document is generic and applies to the entire end-to-end health management capability, covering both on-board and on-ground elements in both commercial and military applications throughout their life cycle. While some guidance related to usage of ground-based health management equipment for airworthiness credit exists in certain areas, this document provides a general mechanism to ensure a level of integrity commensurate with the potential aircraft-level consequences of the relevant failure conditions. The practical application of this standardized process is detailed in the form of a checklist. In order to provide some detailed guidance utilizing the process and checklist, some high-level examples of successful cases of approved “Maintenance Credit” applications for airworthiness credit (and one case where the approval is in process in 2024) are included. This document does not teach how to design an IVHM function, how to do a safety or risk analysis
HM-1 Integrated Vehicle Health Management Committee
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This document establishes standard gland design criteria and dimensions for static axial O-ring seal applications without anti-c operating at a maximum pressure of 1500 psi (10345 kPa).
A-6C2 Seals Committee
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of welded tubing.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This ARP provides two methods for measuring the aircraft noise level reduction of building façades. Airports and their consultants can use either of the methods presented in this ARP to determine the eligibility of structures exposed to aircraft noise to participate in an FAA-funded Airport Noise Mitigation Project, to determine the treatments required to meet project objectives, and to verify that such objectives are satisfied.
A-21 Aircraft Noise Measurement Aviation Emission Modeling
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) discusses the sources of copper in aviation jet fuels, the impact of copper on thermal stability of jet fuels and the resultant impact on aircraft turbine engine performance, and potential methods for measurement of copper contamination and reduction of the catalytic activity of copper contamination in jet fuels. This document is an information report and does not provide recommendations or stipulate limits for copper concentrations in jet fuels.
AE-5B Aircraft and Engine Fuel and Lubricant Sys Components
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the requirements for saddle-type clamps. Tests and criteria noted do not indicate any specific areas of application or usage. Supplemental testing may be necessary to determine suitability for specific environments and applications.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes the minimum requirements for ground-based aircraft deicing/anti-icing methods and procedures to ensure the safe operation of aircraft during icing conditions on the ground. This document does not specify the requirements for particular aircraft models. The application of the procedures specified in this document are intended to effectively remove and/or prevent the accumulation of frost, snow, slush, or ice contamination which can seriously affect the aerodynamic performance and/or the controllability of an aircraft. The principal method of treatment employed is the use of fluids qualified to AMS1424 (Type I fluid) and AMS1428 (Type II, III, and IV fluids). All guidelines referred to herein are applicable only in conjunction with the applicable documents. Due to aerodynamic and other concerns, the application of deicing/anti-icing fluids shall be carried out in compliance with engine and aircraft manufacturer’s recommendations.
G-12M Methods Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice describes the dynamic and static testing procedures required to evaluate the integrity of an equipment mount device or system when exposed to a frontal or side impact (i.e., a crash impact). Its purpose is to provide equipment manufacturers, ambulance builders, and end users with testing procedures and, where appropriate, acceptance criteria that, to a great extent, ensure equipment mount devices or systems meet the same performance criteria across the industry. Prospective equipment mount manufacturers or vendors have the option of performing either dynamic testing or static testing. Descriptions of the test setup, test instrumentation, photographic/video coverage, test fixture, and performance metrics are included.
Truck Crashworthiness Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes a uniform fluid specification for reference usage in specific documents, such as fluid power component test procedures, where a fluid designation is required.
CTTC C1, Hydraulic Systems
Continuous rubber track systems for heavy applications are typically designed using multiple iterations of full-scale physical prototypes. This costly and time-consuming approach limits the possibility of exploring the design space and understanding how the design space of that kind of system is governed. A multibody dynamic simulation has recently been developed, but its complexity (due to the number of model’s inputs) makes it difficult to understand and too expensive to be used with multi-objective optimization algorithms (approximately 3 h on a desktop computer). This article aims to propose a first design space exploration of continuous rubber track systems via multi-objective optimization methods. Using an existing expensive multibody dynamic model as original function, surrogate models (artificial neural networks) have been trained to predict the simulation responses. These artificial neural networks are then used to explore the design space efficiently by using optimization
Faivre, AntoineRancourt, DavidPlante, Jean-Sébastien
SAE J1979/ISO 15031-5 set includes the communication between the vehicle’s OBD systems and test equipment implemented across vehicles within the scope of the legislated emissions-related OBD. To achieve this, it is based on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Basic Reference Model in accordance with ISO/IEC 7498-1 and ISO/IEC 10731, which structures communication systems into seven layers. When mapped on this model, the services specified are broken into: — Diagnostic services (layer 7), specified in: — ISO 15031-5/SAE J1979 (emissions-related OBD), — ISO 27145-3 (WWH-OBD), — Presentation layer (layer 6), specified in: — ISO 15031-2, SAE J1930-DA, — ISO 15031-5, SAE J1979-DA, — ISO 15031-6, SAE J2012-DA, — ISO 27145-2, SAE J2012-DA, — Session layer services (layer 5), specified in: — ISO 14229-2 supports ISO 15765-4 DoCAN and ISO 14230-4 DoK-Line protocols, — ISO 14229-2 is not applicable to the SAE J1850 and ISO 9141-2 protocols, — Transport layer services (layer 4), specified in
Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
In this study, a strategy for MCCI combustion of a novel alcohol fuel is demonstrated. The novel fuel, “GrenOl”, is the result of the catalytic upgrade of sustainable ethanol into alcohols of higher molecular weight. The composition of GrenOl includes approximately 70% 1-butanol, 15% 1-hexanol, and 5% 1-octanol by mass, resulting in a cetane number around 18. In order to achieve mixing-controlled compression ignition with GrenOl, an exhaust rebreathing strategy is employed. In this strategy, the exhaust valve reopens for a part of the intake stroke, inducting hot exhaust into the cylinder and preheating the fresh air. This study investigates the feasibility of operating with such a valve strategy from idle to peak torque. At idle, the primary challenge is ensuring stable combustion by inducting adequate exhaust to achieve ignition. Under load, when cylinder temperatures are higher, the primary challenge is ensuring sufficient air is inducted to achieve the target torque. It was found
Trzaska, JosephXu, ZhihaoBoehman, André L.
This SAE Recommended Practice covers power transfer units (PTUs) used in passenger car and sport utility vehicles to support all wheel drive (AWD) operation. PTUs are typically full-time use geared devices (see 3.1). Some PTUs have additional features such as part-time on-demand capability via electronically actuated disconnect features, and other configurations are possible.
Drivetrain Standards Committee
In a time when small and micro energy sources are becoming increasingly important due to current environmental challenges, the efficient recovery of low-grade waste heat has emerged as a key strategy to enhance overall energy sustainability. Although extensive research has been conducted on energy and exergy distributions in large-scale internal combustion engines, experimental studies focusing on small, air-cooled gasoline engines remain limited, particularly regarding the quantification of their recoverable energy potential. Addressing this gap, this work analyzes and quantifies the global energy distribution and exergy availability in a single-cylinder, spark-ignition, air-cooled Robin EY15 engine operating at rotational speeds between 1500 and 4600 min−1, and throttle valve openings from one-quarter to full. The defined control volume includes the engine and the load system. The mass flows analyzed are fuel flow (standard gasoline), intake air, exhaust gas (assumed as air) and
Romero, Carlos AlbertoMonroy, MauricioRamírez, Juan David
Ethers are emerging as suitable mineral diesel replacements. A customized mechanical fuel injection system was used to investigate the dimethyl ether–fueled genset/tractor, and ~75% rated engine load was achieved over diesel. The in-cylinder pressure rise rate was about half for the dimethyl ether engine. However, the lower pressure generated in the high-pressure dimethyl ether line reduced brake thermal efficiency for the dimethyl ether engine. Dimethyl ether engines emitted lower nitrogen oxide emissions than baseline diesel except at higher loads and reduced nozzle opening pressure. Carbon monoxide emissions increased due to prolonged and incomplete combustion at higher loads with reduced nozzle opening pressure. Blowby gas leakage was lower for dimethyl ether than for baseline diesel engines. Overall, the genset/tractor engine could perform satisfactorily using a customized fuel injection system and will help achieve carbon neutrality from the various sectors using this technology.
Agarwal, Avinash KumarPal, ManojitValera, Hardikk
This study introduces an innovative intelligent tire system capable of estimating the risk of total hydroplaning based on water pressure measurements within the tread grooves. Dynamic hydroplaning represents an important safety concern influenced by water depth, tread design, and vehicle longitudinal speed. Existing intelligent tire systems primarily assess hydroplaning risk using the water wedge effect, which occurs predominantly in deep water conditions. However, in shallow water, which is far more prevalent in real-world scenarios, the water wedge effect is absent at higher longitudinal speeds, which could make existing systems unable to reliably assess the total hydroplaning risk. Groove flow represents a key factor in hydroplaning dynamics, and it is governed by two mechanisms: water interception rate and water wedge pressure. In both the shallow water and deep water cases, the groove water flow will increase as a result of increasing the longitudinal speed of the vehicle for a
Vilsan, AlexandruSandu, CorinaAnghelache, GabrielWarfford, Jeffrey
Driven by the vast consumer marketplace, the electronics megatrend has reshaped nearly every sector of society. The advancements in semiconductors and software, originally built to serve consumer demand, are now delivering significant value to non-consumer industries. Today, electronics are making inroads into traditionally conservative, safety-critical sectors such as automotive and aerospace. In doing so, electronics—now further propelled by artificial intelligence—are disrupting the functional safety architectures of these cyber-physical systems. Electronics have created the world of cyber-physical systems, raising broader concerns about the broader category of product assurance. Product Assurance in the Age of Artificial Intelligence continues the work of previous SAE Edge Research Reports in examining open research challenges arising from this shift, particularly in automotive systems, as core electronic technologies (e.g., the combination of software and communications) have even
Razdan, Rahul