Browse Topic: Ergonomics
Occupant packaging is one of the key tasks involved in the early architectural phase of a vehicle. Accommodation, as a convention, is generally considered related to a car’s interior. Typical roominess metrics of the occupant like hip room, shoulder room, and elbow room are defined with the door in its closed condition. Several other roominess metrics like knee room, leg room, head room, and the like are also specified. While all the guidelines are defined with doors in their closed condition, it is also important to consider the dynamics that exist while the occupant is entering the vehicle. This article expands the traditional understanding of occupant accommodation beyond conventionally considering the vehicle interior’s ability to accommodate anthropometry. It broadens the scope to include dynamic conditions, such as when doors are opened, providing a more realistic and practical perspective. As a luxury car manufacturer, it is important to ensure the best overall customer
Designing an automotive seat, it is required to perform a detailed study of anthropometry, which deals with measurement of human individuals and understanding human physical variations. It also requires application-based movement study of driver’s hands, feet’s & overall body movement. It is very difficult to design seat curvatures based on any static manikin-based software. We at VECV, have developed a new concept using mixed reality VR technology to capture all body movements for designing best in class seat curvature to accommodate variety of drivers with different body types. We have designed a specialized static bunk, which has a wide range of seat, steering and ABC paddle adjustments, which are integrated with virtual data. We use to study and capture the data of driving position and other ergonomic postures of wide range of people with different body types on this static bunk according to their comfortable driving posture. In this comfortable driving posture, user is immersed in
Ergonomics plays an important role in automobile design to achieve optimal compatibility between occupants and vehicle components. The overall goal is to ensure that the vehicle design accommodates the target customer group, who come in varied sizes, preferences and tastes. Headroom is one such metric that not only influences accommodation rate but also conveys a visual perception on how spacious the vehicle is. An adequate headroom is necessary for a good seating comfort and a relaxed driving experience. Headroom is intensely discussed in magazine tests and one of the key deciding factors in purchasing a car. SAE J1100 defines a set of measurements and standard procedures for motor vehicle dimensions. H61, W27, W35, H35 and W38 are some of the standard dimensions that relate to headroom and head clearances. While developing the vehicle architecture in the early design phase, it is customary to specify targets for various ergonomic attributes and arrive at the above-mentioned
Efficient transportation for carrying heavy loads is a common challenge across various applications, from supermarkets to industrial purposes. Conventional trolleys often fall short when loaded with heavy cargo, resulting in increased exertion and diminished productivity. Moreover, these challenges can adversely affect posture and lumbar spine health, especially for elder people and persons with cervical problems. There is a need for more user-friendly, ergonomic, and space-efficient solutions. This project addresses these challenges through an innovative design that encompasses various aspects of trolley functionality, including the study of comfort, wheel selection, and material considerations, drawing from ergonomic research. Multiple methods are employed to optimize the trolley’s dimensions to improve its overall performance. The trolley’s design features a collapsible basket for the transport of smaller-sized items and a base frame for larger goods and luggage. The project
Sometimes an innovation comes along that changes the manufacturing landscape. Pro Spot International has created a unique Cobot Spot Welding solution. By bringing this new tool to the sheet metal fabrication market, the company aims to bring game-changing gains in productivity, reliability, traceability, and ergonomic safety to the manufacturing world
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers the requirements and technical guidance for evaluation of life-cycle cost, productivity, and safety/health factors related to power hand tool selection. It applies approaches to selection of quieter and lower vibration handheld powered tools, with optimal ergonomic features, for the prevention of hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), hearing loss, and repetitive motion injuries. Equipment selection for control of physical safety and electrical safety hazards are essential components of a tool safety program. It suggests use of noise and vibration data provided by vendors to be verified and supplemented by information available through the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and European Union (EU) databases. This AS has been updated to better address physical safety hazards. An appendix (APPENDIX D) on dust control has been included. A supporting SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR6916) has been developed to facilitate
This document establishes acceptable design criteria for instrument and cockpit illumination for general aviation aircraft
This document contains information that can be used by the air transportation industry to evaluate the design of airplane interior stairways with respect to the safety of passengers and crew in normal operating conditions and emergency evacuations
The SAE J1100 based standard cargo volume index methods and predefined luggage objects are very specific to United States population. The European luggage volume calculation and standard luggage calculations are primarily based on DIN and ISO standards. Luggage volume declaration by manufacturers are based on any of these methods. The calculations are complicated and there is a possibility of declaring different values for similar luggage compartments. The major purchase decision of vehicle is based on its luggage capacity and current methods are very limited to make an intelligent decision by a customer. Market specific customer usage patterns for luggage requirements and protecting them in vehicle architecture upfront in concept stage is important to retain the market position and buying preference of customers. The usage patterns is collected from customer clinics and marketing inputs. These patterns are used to build virtual luggage models representing the actual luggage at
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) covers all types of ground support equipment required to support civil transport aircraft
This ARP is intended to cover the warning, caution, and advisory indicating system required for commercial and military aerospace vehicles
Anthropometric data are crucial to vehicle ergonomics and safety design. The Chinese population has smaller body size than that of the Western population, while the current crash dummies were developed based on statures of the Western population. To provide effective crash protection for Chinese occupants and pedestrians, Chinese anthropometric data are needed. In the present study, three available Chinese anthropometric databases were surveyed and compared, and it was found that none of them can give reliable and complete anthropometric data. Thus, a mapping method was developed based on correlation and regression analysis to rebuild a reasonable and completed Chinese anthropometric database. Furthermore, the differences between Chinese body size and that of the current dummies were discussed and an example was given to demonstrate the influences of body size on injuries
A recommended pilot-system integration (i.e., crew interface and system integration) approach for concept development is described in Figure 1. The approach emphasizes the fundamental need for a top-down design methodology with particular focus on clear operational performance requirements and functional integration. While this document is primarily aimed at aircraft systems design and integration, the methodology is applicable to a wide range of design and integration situations. It is derived from well established human factors engineering design principles
This Information Report provides recommendations for alphanumeric messages that are supplied to the vehicle by external (e.g., RDS, satellite radio) or internal (e.g., infotainment system) sources while the vehicle is in-motion. Information/design recommendations contained in this report apply to OEM (embedded) and aftermarket systems. Ergonomic issues with regard to display characteristics (e.g., viewing angle, brightness, contrast, font design, etc.) should review ISO 15008
The purpose of this AIR is to provide recommendations for the minimum dimensions of characters and symbols used in aircraft instrument dials and panel displays as related to the conditions stated in para. 3. Numerous variables influence the legibility of aircraft instrument dial characters. This situation makes it very difficult, if not impossible, to establish an exact act of rules for optimizing all installations. Character size, one of the important considerations, can be optimized where adequate dial space exists. Usually this is not the case and the designer is faced with placing the information in a limited space while continuing to strive for error-free legibility. Appropriate minimum size requirements have been stated herein for guidance in air transport use
Flexible Tooling Systems have been developed as a reconfigurable part support system to enable trimming of multiple part geometries utilizing a single router or waterjet. The driver for this development has been improved part quality, elimination of ergonomic issues associated with manually trimming, and the elimination of cost for part number specific hard tooling and the associated cost for manufacturing, maintenance, and storage. This paper will briefly trace the evolution of aerospace parts trimming history. The remainder of the report will focus on the technical objectives associated with the development of the Next Generation Flexible Tooling System, how they were achieved including the process for validation of each support location in aircraft coordinates. This system is designed to increase part holding accuracy with specific support location validation, and significantly reduce system maintenance costs in wet or dry environments
In automotive sector, worlds demanding more riding comfort so accelerator, brake and clutch pedals plays important roles in providing comfort or discomfort to driver. Now days automotive OEMs paying more attentions on providing comfortable ergonomics positions of pedals but it is difficult meet the requirement of each and every (all percentile populations) person because of packaging/manufacturing/costing constraint. Here we are providing the solution to meet the requirement of comfortable ergonomics position as per drivers wish for all kind of persons/drivers (5th percentile to 95th percentile) by providing the adjustable clutch pedal assembly with simple mechanism. Currently adjustment provided in driver’s seat to adjust the comfortable driving position which provide the comfortable positions for 25th percentile to 95th percentile peoples also this arrangement having some limitations such as space constraint in cabin also high belly with low height persons may face the issue of belly
An automobile door is one vital commodity which has its role in vehicle’s function, strength, safety, dynamics and aesthetic parameters. The door system comprises of individual components and sub-assemblies such as door upper, bolster, armrest, door main panel, map-pocket, handle, speaker and tweeter grille. Among them, armrest is an integral part which provides function and also takes care of some safety parameter for the customers. The basic function of an armrest is to provide ergonomic relief to occupant for resting his hand. Along with this, it also facilitates occupant safety during a side impact collision by absorbing the energy and not imparting the reactive force on occupant. Thus an armrest has evolved as a feature of passive safety. The armrest design should be stiff enough to withstand required elbow load condition with-in the acceptable deflection criteria. On the other hand, armrest has to absorb the dynamic force by deflecting proportionally to the side impact load. In
Vehicle Ergonomics can be simply defined as the ease and comfort with which the driver and occupants inside the passenger cell can access and use the vehicle controls or features. Ergonomics takes into consideration the ease of operating the vehicle and the comfort levels offered in terms of positioning of the controls and seating comfort as well. The research aimed to find statistically whether the controls and features inside the passenger compartment are within the anthropometric hand reach distance. The research was done by standardizing the driving position using SAE H-point standard document J4004 to fabricate an H-point tool to place each of the test cars seat according to standard dimensions. Therefore, the distances from both shoulder points of driver were taken into consideration. Moreover, the anthropometric data for 95th percentile human hand reach was used to test whether vehicle control parameters and features inside the passenger cell fall within the normal hand reach or
In automotive industry, design of vehicle to end customer with proper ergonomics and balancing the design is always a challenge, for which an accurate prediction of postures are needed. Several studies have used Digital Human Models (DHM) to examine specific movements related to ingress and egress by translating complex tasks, like vehicle egress through DHMs. This requires an in-depth analysis of users to ensure such models reflect the range of abilities inherent to the population. Designers are increasingly using digital mock-ups of the built environment using DHMs as a means to reduce costs and speed-up the “time-to-market” of products. DHMs can help to improve the ergonomics of a product but must be representative of actual users. While lots of studies have examined movements specific to vehicle ingress and egress patterns, there has been no critical appraisal or systematic review of these findings in terms of foot movement which is always in contact with the vehicle floor and its
Recent advances in technology allow machine safeguarding to shift from a system that completely shuts down the hazardous part of a machine, regardless of the action, to one with a controlled response. This intelligent robotics safeguarding can be based on conditions such as the type of task, how it is performed, entry and exit locations, and the operator’s movement within the hazard zone. Such a strategy could increase production rates by allowing robots to operate at higher speeds within dynamic environments. When used as part of a preventative maintenance program, reliability data can predict component failure rates and reduce the probability that operators will access the hazard zone. Programming techniques, such as function blocks to monitor component usage, can be used to evaluate trends. SQL (Structured Query Language) databases can track access and frequency trends, which can lead to design improvements and indicate changes affecting the system. Advanced 3-D safety sensing
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