Browse Topic: Titanium alloys

Items (4,177)
To facilitate the development and application of bulb-flat titanium alloys in aerospace and automotive industries, this study selects TC4 as the research material and employs finite element simulation software to simulate the hot rolling process of TC4 bulb flat titanium. The temperature field, strain field, and metal flow velocity in each rolling pass are analyzed, and rolling experiments are conducted after optimizing the roll pass system. The results indicate that during the rolling process of TC4 bulb flat titanium, the head undergoes relatively smaller deformation, resulting in a slower temperature decrease, whereas the waist experiences greater deformation and a faster temperature drop. A significant temperature difference exists between the core and surface, which can be mitigated by appropriately increasing the roll temperature to reduce heat transfer. Prior to the K4 pass, the billet temperature drops to a level that may affect rolling performance, necessitating furnace reheating. Strain increases progressively with each rolling pass, with higher values observed at the waist compared to the head. A gradual strain transition occurs at the interface between the head and waist. Furthermore, the irregular design of the roll pass leads to a considerable difference in metal flow velocity between the upper and lower surfaces. During the K1 pass rolling, this imbalance can cause the guide guard to be displaced upward and result in roll wrapping. Without altering the roll diameter, shifting the entire roll pass system toward the side with higher metal flow velocity effectively reduces the linear velocity and prevents these issues, ensuring stable billet rolling. Rolling experiments successfully produced the final TC4 bulb flat titanium, thereby validating the feasibility of the optimized roll pass system and the rationality of the selected rolling parameters. It provides the possibility for its development and application in fields such as aircraft and automobiles.
Wu, XiaojuanLiu, DongmingWen, Mingyue
Blended metal powders offer a compelling alternative to pre-alloyed powders in metal additive manufacturing by providing access to a wider range of alloy compositions and avoiding the high costs in producing pre-alloyed powders. In this work, a new and crack-free Ti-5AlMnScZrMgSiFe alloy (in wt.%) was manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) from mixed powders to investigate the microstructures, mechanical performance of printed parts. Ti-5 AlMnScZrMgSiFe alloy contains both alpha (α) and alpha prime (α′) phases. Further microstructural characterizations show that the L-PBF Ti-5 AlMnScZrMgSiFe contain dense dislocations and twins formed in additive manufacturing process. The as-printed Ti-5 AlMnScZrMgSiFe alloy exhibits a tensile fracture strength of ~950 MPa with a fracture elongation of ~12.5%. The eye-catching properties are attributed to the dense dislocations, nano-twins and solid-solution strengthening.
Feng, ShuaiGuan, ShuaiKong, HaohaoSun, YingxiangSong, YoupengHou, YaqingBi, ZhongnanZhang, Shaoming
Adjustable-angle dental implants are favored by many patients due to the advantages they provide, such as high chewing force, aesthetics, comfort, and no harm to the adjacent teeth. This paper proposes a finite element modeling method for adjustable-angle dental implants by changing the material used for manufacturing the implants and predicting the life span of the dental implants with the help of Pro/E and ANSYS Workbench software, which provides biomechanical data reference for the selection of new implant parameters for industrial production and clinical use. The results show that the structural life of the implant is almost 764 years for pure titanium, 821 years for Ti6Al4v, and 1,274 years for βTi. From the analysis of the safety factor diagrams of the structures, it can be obtained that the smallest safety factor of the entire implant system occurs in the part where the abutment and the connection are in contact with each other during loading. In contrast, the smaller safety factors occurred in the abutment bumps, the ear stacks of the two grooves of the connector, and in the area of contact between the connector and the implant.
Gu, WeiCheng, SiyuanLiao, Jifei
The impact of a titanium nitride (TiN) coating by the cathodic arc deposition (CAD) technique on a 316L stainless steel (SS) 316L substrate is examined in this experimental work. The X-ray diffraction study showed that TiN made the osbornite phase grow in the coated specimen. The SS 316L sample had a hardness of 217.66 HV, and the samples with CAD coatings were five times harder than the uncoated disc. The wear test was conducted using a pin-on-disc tribometer under dry and wet conditions at loading conditions of 2 N, 4 N, and 6 N with the counterpart of grade 5 titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). Wear resistance improved significantly, with the wear rate decreasing markedly after coating compared to the uncoated sample. The wear morphology of the wear on the contact surfaces was identified by SEM analysis of the images. The biocompatibility of the ceramic-coated SS 316L sample with the normal cell line was proved by a cell viability test. The demand for SS 316L and the use of CAD coatings to reduce friction and wear in bio-implant applications were the main topics of the current study.
Gopi, R.Devaraju, A.Sivasamy, P.Raju, M.
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of extruded bars, tubes, and shapes, flash-welded rings up through 4.000 square inches (25.81 cm2) cross section, and stock for flash-welded rings (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of wire for welding filler metal (see 8.5).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of pre-alloyed powder.
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of welding wire (see 8.5).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, wire, forgings, and flash-welded rings up through 3.999 inches (101.57 mm), inclusive, and stock for forging, flash-welded rings, or heading (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
The specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of wire (see 8.5).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate on product 0.008 to 3.000 inches (0.20 to 76.20 mm), inclusive, in thickness (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers one grade of commercially pure titanium in the form of wire for welding filler metal (see 8.5).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of wire for welding filler metal (see 8.5).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of sheet 0.025 through 0.100 inch (0.63 through 2.54 mm), inclusive, in thickness (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers flash-welded rings made of titanium and titanium alloys (see 8.5).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of welding wire (see 8.5).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of sheet 0.020 to 0.1874 inch (0.51 to 4.760 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, wire, forgings, flash-welded rings 4.000 inches (101.60 mm) and under in diameter or least distance between parallel sides, and stock of any size for forging or flash-welded rings (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars 6.000 inches (152.40 mm) and under in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides, forgings, flash-welded rings 6.000 inches (152.40 mm) and under in thickness, and stock for forging and stock for flash-welded rings of any size (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, wire, forgings, flash-welded rings 4.000 inches (101.60 mm) and under in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides, and stock of any size for forging or flash-welded rings (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars up through 3.000 inches (76.20 mm), inclusive, in diameter or least distance between parallel sides with a maximum cross-sectional area of 10 square inches (64.5 cm2) and forging stock of any size (see 8.7).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This study provides an extensive analysis through finite element analysis (FEA) on the effects of fatigue crack growth in three different materials: Structural steel, Titanium alloy (Ti Grade 2), and printed circuit board (PCB) laminates based on epoxy/aramid. A simulation of the materials was created using ANSYS Workbench with static and cyclic loading to examine how the materials were expected to fail. The method was based on LEFM and made use of the Maximum Circumferential Stress Criterion to predict where cracks would happen and how they would progress. Normalizing SIFs while a crack was under mixed loading conditions was achieved using the EDI method [84]. We used Paris Law to model fatigue crack growth using constants (C and m) for the materials from previous studies and/or tests. For example, in the case of titanium Grade 2, we found Paris Law constants with C values from 1.8 × 10-10 to 7.9 × 10-12 m/cycle and m values from 2.4 to 4.3, which illustrate differing effects of their manufacture processes and microstructure. Detailed Paris Law constants are limited for the epoxy/aramid laminates, but other similar composite materials, for example, VARTM composites, have shown that under certain conditions the Paris Law could be applicable. In determining the performance of the materials, we assessed various mechanical responses (total deformation, directional stiffness) and all were also noted with respect to the likely progression of these fatigue cracks given the long-term nature of the study.
T, LokeshBhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars up through 4.000 inches (101.60 mm) in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides, inclusive, and stock for forging of any size (see 8.7).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
The application of Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBC) has been widely utilized in aerospace turbines to enhance the operational temperature and thermal efficiency of titanium alloys, while preserving their properties such as low density, creep resistance, and corrosion resistance. TBC systems typically consist of a metallic substrate, a metallic coating (Bond Coat), a thermally grown oxide (TGO), and a ceramic topcoat (TC). This study investigated the fracture surface characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V with TBC after a creep test at a constant temperature of 600 °C, under stress levels of 125, 222, and 319 MPa, in order to understand the mechanisms involved. The TBC was composed of a NiCrAlY (BC) and a zirconia co-doped with yttria and nióbia (TC). The fracture characterization of the alloy after the creep test was conducted through stereoscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The fracture mechanism at 600 °C and 222 MPa was predominantly ductile, as evidenced by the presence of dimples and shear zones at the edges of the specimens, indicating necking. In contrast, at 600 °C and stress levels of 125 and 319 MPa, brittle fracture was the dominant mechanism, with cleavage facets and a low percentage of area reduction. Thus, it can be predicted that the titanium alloy with TBC at 600 °C will exhibit better mechanical strength under stress conditions around 222 MPa.
Takahashi, Renata Jesuinade Assis, João Marcos KruszynskiRodrigues, Bianca Costade Andrade Acevedo Jimenez, Laila RibeiroReis, Danieli Aparecida Pereira
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate up to 4.000 inches (101.60 mm), inclusive (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
In view of the complex intertidal terrain challenges faced by offshore wind power maintenance, this paper optimizes the lightweight design of multi-terrain tracked vehicles. The structure was optimized by finite element analysis, and the maximum stress was 211.68 MPa ( lower than the safety limit of 230 MPa), and the maximum deformation was 5.25 mm, which ensured the stability and stiffness. Titanium alloy has the advantages of high strength, low density and corrosion resistance, which improves the durability of the frame while reducing the weight of the frame. Advanced manufacturing technologies such as phase transformation superplastic diffusion welding optimize the connection between TC4 titanium alloy and stainless steel. Modal analysis and optimization techniques refine the structural parameters and improve the complex load performance. The research promotes the lightweight of the frame and provides theoretical and technical support for the design of multi-terrain vehicles.
Xu, HanXu, ShilinMa, WenboZhu, Wei
This specification covers preforms fabricated up through 22.0 inches (560 mm), inclusive, in deposition width thickness (see 2.4) using a wire-fed plasma arc directed energy deposition (PA-DED) additive-manufacturing process on a Ti-6Al-4V substrate that are subjected to post-deposition stress-relief heat treatment. If required by the cognizant engineering organization (CEO), preforms may require subsequent machining to meet requirements for their intended final part application.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of forgings, 6.000 inches (152.40 mm) and under in cross-sectional thickness and forging stock of any size.
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, forgings, and flash-welded rings up to 4.500 inches (114.30 mm), inclusive, in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides and stock of any size for forging and flash-welded rings (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers established manufacturing tolerances applicable to titanium and titanium alloy extruded bars, rods, and shapes. These tolerances apply to all conditions, unless otherwise noted. The term “excl” applies only to the higher figure of the specified range.
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of wire, forgings, flash-welded rings 4.000 inches (101.60 mm), inclusive, and under in nominal diameter or distance between parallel sides, bars up through 10.000 inches (254 mm), inclusive, and under in nominal diameter with a maximum cross-sectional area for bars over 4.000 to 10.000 inches (101.60 to 254 mm) in diameter of 79 square inches (509.7 cm2), and stock for forging or flash-welded rings of any size (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers established manufacturing tolerances applicable to sheet, strip, and plate of corrosion- and heat-resistant steels, iron alloys, titanium, and titanium alloys. These tolerances apply to all conditions, unless otherwise noted. The term “excl” is used to apply only to the higher figure of the specified range.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars up through 4.000 inches (101.60 mm), inclusive, in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides and 32 square inches (206.46 cm2) maximum cross-sectional area and stock for forging of any size (see 8.7).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers established manufacturing tolerances applicable to titanium and titanium alloy tubing. These tolerances apply to all conditions, unless otherwise noted. The term "excl" is used to apply only to the higher figure of the specified range.
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate through 4.000 inches (101.6 mm) nominal thickness.
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, wire, flash-welded rings 3.00 inches (76.2 mm) and under in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides and 16 square inches (103 cm2) and under in cross-sectional area, and stock of any size for flash-welded rings (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of forgings 3.000 inches (76.20 mm) and under in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides and 9 square inches (58 cm2) and under in cross-sectional area, and forging stock of any size (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
Thermal nondestructive evaluation (NDE) is a widely used method for detecting defects such as cracks, corrosion, and dis-bond layers in metallic and composite structures. Traditional thermal inspection methods rely on a high-intensity, broadband light heat source (e.g., flash lamp, quartz lamp) that generates heat that is absorbed by the material, and an infrared camera captures the transient thermal response to generate inspection data. However, inspecting low emissivity surfaces (such as unpainted aluminum and titanium alloys) poses challenges including high reflection of the heat source light that can cause inaccurate measurement of the surface temperature response, produce false defect indications, and potential sensor damage due to high-intensity reflections.
TOC
Tobolski, Sue
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, wire, forgings up to 4.000 inches (101.60 mm), inclusive, and forging stock.
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the requirements for loop-type clamps primarily intended for general clamping of tubing for aircraft hydraulic systems.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes the requirements for 24° cone flareless fluid connection fittings and nuts and bite type flareless sleeves (see Section 6) for use in aircraft fluid systems at an operating pressure of 5000 psi for the fittings and nuts and 3000 psi for the bite type sleeves.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
This specification establishes the engineering requirements for producing an anodic coating on titanium and titanium alloys and the properties of the coating.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet and strip over 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) in nominal thickness.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of cold-worked bars and wire up to 1.750 inches (44.45 mm), inclusive, in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet and strip 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) and over in nominal thickness.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet and strip.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet and strip over 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) in nominal thickness.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet and strip over 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) in nominal thickness.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
The AMS1428 specification defines the technical requirements for Type II, III, and IV aircraft deicing/anti-icing fluids. These non-Newtonian thickened fluids are formulated to effectively remove frost, ice, and snow from aircraft surfaces while offering protection times longer than Type I fluids against refreezing or frozen contamination. The document outlines key performance criteria, such as freezing point, aerodynamic acceptance, and anti-icing performance, alongside environmental properties like biodegradability, aquatic toxicity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Operational considerations, including storage stability, materials compatibility, exposure to dry air, dry-out exposure to cold dry air, successive dry-out and rehydration, and physical properties like pH, refraction, and rheological properties (viscosity) are also specified. Additionally, the specification details the required testing methods to evaluate these properties and sets forth guidelines for the initial qualification, site or unit qualification, periodic requalification, and lot acceptance of Type II, III, and IV fluids. This foundation specification (AMS1428) and its associated category specifications (refer to AMS1428/1 and AMS1428/2) cover a deicing/anti-icing material in the form of a fluid.
G-12ADF Aircraft Deicing Fluids
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