Browse Topic: Metallurgy

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Tuning structural and optical properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films via annealing temperature2026-28-0015To be published on 02/01/2026
Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films, a promising material for solar cell absorber layers, have been effectively deposited onto soda-lime glass substrates using the chemical spray pyrolysis method. During this deposition method, the films have been deposited at a substrate temperature of 375 °C. The films are deposited with a spray rate of 10 ml/min to achieve uniform film formation. After the deposition of these films, to improve the crystallinity of the films and increase the sulfur content, the as-deposited films were annealed in a sulfur-rich atmosphere. Annealing was carried out at a two-zone vacuum tubular furnace at 500 - 550 °C. The as-deposited films are found to be rich in tin and deficient in sulfur. After annealing, there is a noticeable improvement in the Cu2ZnSnS4 phase formation and crystallinity. However, films annealed at the higher temperature of 550 °C showed signs of zinc loss in the deposited films. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of the kesterite structure
M, Pavan Sai Reddy, Kumar, YB Kishore
Effect of Shot Peening on the Fatigue Life of Polylactic Acid Parts in Automobiles2026-28-0032To be published on 02/01/2026
Polylactic Acid (PLA), is a biodegradable thermoplastic and most widely used materials in automobiles also inherent fatigue performance limitations and its deployment in demanding load-bearing automobile applications. Shot peening, a well-established surface treatment known to significantly enhance the fatigue life of metallic materials, presents a potential post-processing strategy to improve the durability of polymers. The proposed work investigation into the effects of controlled shot peening pressure on the various behavior of injection molded PLA specimens. The outlined methodology encompasses the fabrication of PLA samples conforming to ASTM standards, the application of shot peening using precisely defined parameters, comprehensive characterization of the resulting surface modifications (including roughness, hardness, morphology, and systematic uniaxial fatigue testing according to ASTM D7791. Fatigue tests will generate fatigue behavior and fatigue life (by varying number of
Ranganathan, Soundararajan
Evaluating the Suitability of ADC12 for Sand Casting: Filling, Solidification, and Mechanical Properties2026-26-0296To be published on 01/16/2026
This research investigates the applicability of ADC12 aluminum alloy in sand casting processes and compares its casting behavior and performance with that of conventionally sand-cast alloys such as A356 and AlSi10Mg. ADC12 is primarily utilized in high-pressure die casting (HPDC) and low-pressure die casting (LPDC) due to its excellent castability, pressure tightness, and favorable mechanical properties in thin-walled components. However, its use in sand casting is minimal globally, primarily due to the alloy’s high silicon and iron content, which can lead to poor feeding characteristics, increased porosity, and structural non-uniformity in non-pressurized molds. In this study, 3 mm thick test castings were produced using conventional sand casting methods, with particular attention to mold and core design to simulate challenging flow and solidification conditions. Comparative castings of A356 and AlSi10Mg were also produced under identical conditions to establish performance baselines
Subramani, Rajesh, Singh, Gajendra, Doddamani, Mrityunjay
Hypoid Gear Performance Redefined: Addressing Scoring and Whine Noise Concerns2026-26-0078To be published on 01/16/2026
Rear drive vehicles transfer power to the rear wheels through the Gear Carrier Assembly, which is fit at the central section of the Rear Axle. The Gear Carrier Assembly includes hypoid ring and pinion gears, set at the heart of the system. However, gear scoring and whine noise frequently emerge as critical challenges, leading to reduced durability and compromised performance of the vehicle. This study focuses on the design and process improvements aimed at addressing these concerns while enhancing the overall performance and reliability of hypoid gears. Design enhancements include macro geometry refinements, material upgrades, and modifications in the heat treatment process. These changes improved key mechanical properties such as contact stress, bending strength, impact strength, and motion transmission error (MTE). Process optimizations involved precise control over carburizing, hardening, and quenching temperatures, as well as adjustments in quenching pressure. These measures
Praveen, Abhinav, Deshpande, Praveen, Jain, Saurabh Kumar, Parmar, Mayur, Karle, Nilesh, Kanagaraj, Pothiraj, Pagar, Pawan
Evaluation of Shear Trim Edge in HSLA Steel for Automotive Application2026-26-0286To be published on 01/16/2026
Quality of the Shear Trimmed edge of HSLA 550 steels is significantly affected by process variations such as Shear Trimming Clearance, trim tolerance, burr height and clamping force. All these parameters largely influence the characteristics of the Shear Affected Zone, a region on sheet metal where it undergoes deformation during the trimming process. The Shear Affected Zone is predominantly vulnerable to failure due to work hardening and the effects of strain rate, induced by the tonnage during the trimming operation. To assess the edge ductility of these materials, Tensile, Fatigue Strength, Die Punch Clearance, Roughness and Hardness Tests are carried out. These tests are crucial for applications that demand high formability and resistance to edge failure. Virtual simulation of edge trimming operation using elastoplastic material models in LS-Dyna have been performed to gain insights into burr formation and damage evolution during shearing. These simulations act as a precursor to
Thota, Badri Vishal, Kashyap, Amit, Bhuvangiri, Jaydev
Advancing Welding Excellence through Numerical Simulation Based Approach: A Multi Pass Welding Case Study on Cast Iron Coupons2026-26-0457To be published on 01/16/2026
The Automotive industry extensively uses cast iron for its exceptional mechanical performance and cost-effectiveness. However, repair welding or assembly of cast iron components remain highly challenging due to the material’s high carbon content, inherent brittleness, rapid thermal conductivity, and complex microstructural transformations. Multi-pass welding exacerbates these challenges by subjecting materials to repeated thermal cycling, accumulating residual stress, and inducing distortion – all of which potentially degrade the integrity of welded joints. A comprehensive understanding of welded joint behavior is essential to effectively mitigate these effects. Finite element analysis (FEA) serves as a powerful tool, enabling accurate prediction of thermal profiles, phase transformations, residual stress development, and resulting deformations. These valuable insights are critical for optimizing welding processes and enhancing overall joint quality. This study investigates and
Vidhate, Digambar, Nalawade, Rahul, Dabhadkar, Mandar, Vaidya, Abhijit, AMMASI, VINOTH, Rajagopalan, Sridhar
Predictive Analysis and Risk Management of Nickel-Plated Aluminum Automotive Parts Exposed to Harsh Environmental Conditions2026-26-0305To be published on 01/16/2026
Aluminium is widely used across various industries due to its lightweight properties, high strength-to-weight ratio, and cost-effectiveness. However, its susceptibility to corrosion, particularly in harsh environmental conditions, presents challenges to its long-term durability and performance. To mitigate these issues, nickel plating was applied as a protective measure, creating a barrier to minimize aluminums' direct exposure to corrosive environments and enhance its resistance to degradation. In this study, nickel-plated aluminum was subjected to controlled corrosion testing under simulated real-world conditions, including high humidity, saline atmospheres, and industrial pollutants. The primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and longevity of nickel plating as a corrosion prevention method. Periodic observations and measurements were conducted to monitor material changes, such as surface degradation and corrosion product formation. The findings highlight the critical
NARAIN, ADITYA, Venugopal, Sivakumar, Gopalan, Vijaysankar, Varatharajan, Senthilkumaran
Effect of the Flow Forming Process on the Mechanical properties and Microstructure of GDC & LPDC cast aluminum alloy wheels.2026-26-0298To be published on 01/16/2026
Aluminum alloy wheels have become the preferred choice over steel wheels due to their lightweight nature, enhanced aesthetics, and contribution to improved fuel efficiency. Traditionally, these wheels are manufactured using methods such as Gravity Die Casting (GDC) [1] or Low Pressure Die Casting (LPDC) [2]. As vehicle dynamics engineers continue to increase tire sizes to optimize handling performance, the corresponding increase in wheel rim size and weight poses a challenge for maintaining low unsprung mass, which is critical for ride quality. To address this, weight reduction has become a priority. Flow forming [3,4], an advanced wheel production technique, offers a solution for reducing rim weight. This process employs high-pressure rollers to shape a metal disc into a wheel, specifically deforming the rim section while leaving the spoke and hub regions unaffected. By decreasing rim thickness, flow forming not only reduces overall wheel weight but also enhances strength and
Singh, Ram Krishnan, Medaboyina, HarshaVardhan, G K, Balaji, Gopalan, Vijaysankar, SUNDARAM, RAGHUPATHI, Paua, Ketan
Hydrogen Embrittlement in Galvanized High Carbon Steel Components of Automotive Seat Slider Assembly2026-26-0302To be published on 01/16/2026
This research paper investigates the failure of an isolator clip used in the seat slider assembly, which guides and restricts the sliding motion of the tooth bracket within the seat. The component is made of C80 high-carbon spring steel, known for its high strength. According to the manufacturing process details, zinc plating was applied to the component for corrosion protection, as confirmed by EDS analysis. A fractographic examination of the failed part revealed a brittle, intergranular fracture morphology with visible cracks. Certain areas also exhibited micro-void coalescence, indicating a dimpled fracture surface. The primary failure mode was intergranular (IG) fracture. The delayed fracture was attributed to intergranular fracture mechanisms, micro-void coalescence, and the high strength of the steel, which made the component susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen embrittlement occurs when hydrogen atoms become trapped along the grain boundaries, where they form hydrogen
Saindane, Mehul Kishor, BALI, SHIRISH
Multi-Material Front Structures: A Pathway to Safer and More Sustainable Vehicle Design2026-26-0456To be published on 01/16/2026
Frontal crash structures play a vital role in occupant safety, but traditional designs often involve a trade-off between structural strength and weight efficiency. In the pursuit of safer and more sustainable mobility, this study explores a physics-based methodology that leverages the principle of dynamic equilibrium to guide the integration of dissimilar materials in front-end vehicle structures. Specifically, we examine a novel configuration wherein aluminum High pressure die cast (HPDC) is introduced in swan neck region of the front longitudinal member, while retaining steel in the frontal crush zone. This arrangement aims to redistribute crash loads and control deformation mechanisms, enabling improved energy absorption without compromising structural integrity. To evaluate the proposed strategy, a series of detailed finite element simulations were conducted using LS-DYNA, a widely adopted tool for vehicle crash analysis. The results reveal that the dynamic equilibrium approach
Revanth, Goshika, Bhagat, Milind, Joshi, Vikas, Mankhair, Abhijit, Sudarshan, B.Sudarshan, Kollipara, Jahanavi
Non-metallic inclusions in carburizing steels as a contributory factor for the formation of carbide net2026-26-0290To be published on 01/16/2026
The article deals with the issue of identifying structural defects that contribute to the formation of a carbide net during thermochemical treatment of steel parts, which negatively affects the mechanical properties complex of finished products. Based on the available data, a theory has been put forward regarding the influence of the present non-metallic inclusions in the carburizing steels structure on carbide formation process in the hardened layer. As an experimentally the samples have been produced from the varying chemical composition alloy structure carburized steel (0.17-0.23 % C, 0.17-0.37 % Si, 0.80-1.10 % Mn, 1.00-1.30 % Cr, 0.03-0.09 % Ti). During microstructure analysis of the samples it has been establish that non-metallic inclusions, in particular sulfides, contribute to the formation of carbides and carbide net in steel due to their high chemical activity with carbon. Thus, contamination of the metal of carburizing steels with non-metallic inclusions is not only a defect
Runova, Iuliia, Chatkina, Mariia, Musienko, Aleksandr
Balancing global and local formability properties through Nb microalloying2026-26-0303To be published on 01/16/2026
David Martin, CBMM Asia Bernardo Barile, CBMM Europe BV Caio Pisano, CBMM Europe BV Automotive high strength steels have specific microstructure-dependent forming characteristics. Global formability is generally associated with high uniform strain values which imply good drawability and stretch forming properties driven by pronounced work hardening. Local formability on the other hand is often measured by various fracture strain values—generally higher in single phase steels. In this respect, the so-called ‘local/global formability map’ concept has been established not only to provide a comprehensive methodology to characterize existing automotive steels but also to enable improvement strategies toward more balanced forming characteristics. Niobium (Nb) microalloying is a powerful tool to achieve both property improvement in general and property balance in particular. More than two decades of research has demonstrated that Nb-induced microstructural optimization is applicable to HSLA
Barile, Bernardo
Binder Jet Additive Manufacturing (BJAM) ProcessAMS7022 (Current)11/26/2025
This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of sintered parts by binder jet additive manufacturing (BJAM). It is primarily intended to be used to manufacture metallic or ceramic aerospace parts, but usage is not limited to such applications.
null, null
Metal Powder Feedstock Size ClassificationsAMS7025 (Current)11/26/2025
This specification covers particle size classifications and corresponding particle size distribution requirements for metal powder feedstock conforming to a classification.
null, null
Electron Beam Directed Energy Deposition-Wire Additive Manufacturing Process (EB-DED-Wire)AMS7027 (Current)11/24/2025
This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of aerospace parts by EB-DED-Wire. It is intended to be used for metal aerospace parts produced by additive manufacturing (AM), but usage is not limited to such applications.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
Shot PeeningJ2441_202511 (Current)11/19/2025
This SAE Standard covers the engineering requirements for peening surfaces of parts by impingement of metallic shot, glass beads, or ceramic shot.
Surface Enhancement Committee
Additively Manufactured Aluminum-Lithium Alloys—Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions2025-01-507611/18/2025
Aluminum-lithium alloys are extensively used across various industries due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, excellent fatigue/corrosion resistance and good thermal stability. These attributes, combined with improved weldability and ease of fabrication, make them ideal for lightweight engineering applications in sectors such as aerospace, automotive, and defense. Additive manufacturing (AM) offers unique opportunities to fully leverage the potential of aluminum-lithium alloys by enabling the fabrication of complex geometries, minimizing material waste, and supporting on-demand production. This paper explores the significance of lightweight materials, traces the evolution of aluminum-lithium alloys and provides a comprehensive overview of their AM. It discusses the properties and real-world applications of these alloys and examines various AM techniques employed in their processing. Key advancements in the AM of aluminum-lithium alloys are reviewed, including novel alloy
Santhana Babu, A.V., Antony Benson, B., Danusha, M.
Anodic Treatment of Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Solution pH 12.4 MaximumAMS2487C (Current)11/12/2025
This specification describes the engineering requirements for producing a non-powdery anodic coating on titanium and titanium alloys and the properties of such coatings.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Evaluating the Influence of Material Properties and Hardness on Tightening Torque2025-28-025511/06/2025
Earthmoving machines are equipped with a variety of ground-engaging tools that are joined by bolted connections to improve serviceability. These tools are made from heat-treated materials to enhance their wear resistance. Attachments on earthmoving machines, including buckets, blades, rippers, augers, and grapples, are specifically designed for tasks such as digging, grading, lifting, and breaking. These attachments feature ground-engaging tools (GET), such as cutting bits or teeth, to protect the shovel and other earthmoving implements from wear. Torquing hardened plates of bolted joint components is essential to ensure uniform load distribution and prevent premature failure. Therefore, selecting the proper torque is an important parameter. This study focuses on analyzing various parameters that impact the final torque on the hardened surface, which will help to understand the torque required for specific joints. Several other parameters considered in this study include hardware
Parameswaran, Sankaran Potti, Bhosale, Dhanaji, Kumar, Rajeev
Design for Welding Automation for Construction Equipment2025-28-024811/06/2025
Over the past 25 years, the heavy fabrication and construction equipment industry has experienced significant transformation. Driven by a global surge in demand for construction machinery, manufacturers are under increasing pressure to deliver higher volumes within shorter timelines and at competitive costs. This demand surge has been compounded by workforce-related challenges, including a declining interest among the new generation in acquiring traditional manufacturing skills such as welding, heat treatment, and painting. Furthermore, the industry faces difficulties in staffing third-shift operations, which are essential to meet production targets. The adoption of automation technologies in heavy fabrication and construction equipment manufacturing has been gradual and often hindered by legacy product designs that were optimized for conventional manufacturing methods. As the industry transitions toward smart, connected manufacturing environments under the industry 4.0 paradigm, it
Saseendran, Unnikrishnan, Bhorge, Pankaj
Higher-Strength, Higher-Toughness Die Cast Wheel Material using Recycled Aluminum2025-32-000711/03/2025
In an attempt to reduce CO2 release from alloy wheel production, we have developed an aluminum alloy for casting that satisfies necessary property requirements using recycled aluminum, but without heat treatment. The wheel is a critical safety feature of any vehicle, and it should have toughness and strength .In many wheels, virgin aluminum containing small amounts of impurities is used to maintain toughness, and heat treatment (T6), which is post-casting quick heating and quenching, is applied to provide strength. At the start of this project, we focused on two wheel-manufacturing processes, production of virgin aluminum and heat treatment, from which a large amount of CO2 is released. By switching to recycled aluminum, CO2 was reduced to one-ninth the original amount. The issue with recycled material is that impurities grow in the metal structures as intermetallic compounds and this reduces toughness. To deal with this issue, we have chosen high-pressure die casting (HPDC), in which
Suzuki, Noritaka
Influence of Laser Sintered Process Parameters on Crystalline Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of AlSi10Mg Alloy05-19-03-001911/03/2025
The present study examines the influence of process parameters on the effect of strength and crystalline properties of AlSi10Mg alloy with laser sintered process. A detailed work was carried out with the effects of varying the laser power, scan speed, and hatch distance on crystalline structure, hardness, and surface roughness. From the analysis, the improved surface quality and mechanical performance were achieved with a scan speed of 1200 mm/s, a laser power of 370 W, and a hatch distance of 0.1 mm. An increase in hardness, improved surface finish, and reduced porosity was observed with decreased hatch distance. However, the balanced results were obtained for scanning speed of 1200 mm/s and laser power of 370 W. The ideal processing conditions decreased the crystalline size, increasing the overall material strength, when crystalline analysis was carried out. The higher scanning speeds supported improved grain refinement and heat diffusion, with the poor hardness value. With the lower
Shailesh Rao, A.
Rubber: Fluorosilicone (FVMQ) High Temperature Fuel and Oil Resistant For Seals In Fuel Systems and Specific Engine Oil SystemsAMS7273D (Current)10/24/2025
This specification covers a fluorosilicone (FVMQ) rubber in the form of molded rings.
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
Research on the Sinker Location of Light Buoy Based on Mean Shift Algorithm2025-99-003610/17/2025
In order to determine the actual position of the beacon buoy, improve the casting accuracy of the beacon buoy, and reduce the frequency of the beacon buoy being hit, the mean shift model of the sinker location was established according to the real-time position data of the beacon telemetry and remote control, and the probability density distribution of the beacon buoy position was obtained and the actual position of the beacon buoy was analyzed. In order to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the research results, real-time data of light buoy positions in different sea areas and at different times were selected, and MATLAB simulation experiments were conducted to compare the actual sinker location with the designed position. The experimental results show that the mean shift algorithm can accurately predict the actual position of the stone, which provides a useful reference for improving the casting accuracy of the Marine light buoy.
Liu, Huan, Song, Shaozhen, Ju, Xin, Lin, Xiaozhuo
Study on Characterization of Pavement Performance Evolution Based on Accelerated Loading Test System (RIOHTrack)2025-99-004210/17/2025
To evaluate the performance evolution patterns of road structures under natural environmental conditions and loading, data were collected from the RIOHTrack system. Pavement deflection, smoothness, and skid resistance were selected as evaluation indicators. The performance evolution characteristics over 50 million load cycles were analyzed to investigate the impact of different structural configurations on service performance. The study results are summarized as follows: The deflection basin area exhibits significant annual cyclic fluctuations, indicating that ambient temperature significantly affects pavement deflection. The initial rapid decrease in texture depth was attributed to the compaction of the surface layer under traffic loading, leading to a reduction in texture depth. Differences in tire and subgrade stiffness can cause variations in texture depth across various scenarios. Circular pavement structures' smoothness can be categorized into three classes; however, even within
He, Yan, Li, Haibo, He, Chuanping, Zhang, Yangpeng, Ma, Qing, Li, Pengfei, Wang, Jie
Aluminum Alloy, Investment Castings, 7.0Si - 0.32Mg (356.0-T6), Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4260H (Current)10/03/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of castings (see 8.6).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
CRIMPING TOOL, TYPE II, WIRE HEATLESS TERMINATION, HAND ACTUATED, WIRE SIZES 26-12AS22520/44A (Current)10/03/2025
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Investigation of the Effect of Rotation Speed and Post-Weld Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Structure of Friction Stir Welding AA6061 Joints05-19-02-001609/25/2025
This study aims at examining the effect of tool rotational speed on the microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints of AA6061 aluminum alloy, both pre- and post-heat treatment. The quality of the joints was assessed initially through tensile, hardness, and charpy impact tests, as well as microscopic observations. During the second stage, solid solution heat treatments were conducted at 535°C, followed by aging on additional specimens welded at identical speeds. The latter underwent hardness tensile tests and microscopic examinations. A comprehensive assessment of the outcomes from various tests validated the influence of metallurgical phenomena, including recrystallization, precipitation, and structural defects on overall resistance. The results showed an improvement in strength, ductility, and impact energy was observed in the case of welding at high rotation speed (1400 rpm). At the same speed, ductility almost doubled after post-weld heat treatment
Bouchelouche, Fatima, Debih, Ali, Ouakdi, Elhadj
Plating, Gold, for Thermal ControlAMS2425G (Current)09/23/2025
This specification covers the requirements for gold deposited on metal surfaces and the properties of the deposit.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Rings, Flash Welded Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Austenitic Steels, Austenitic-Type Iron, Nickel or Cobalt Alloys, or Precipitation-Hardenable AlloysAMS7490R (Current)09/23/2025
This specification covers flash welded rings made of corrosion and heat-resistant austenitic steels and austenitic-type iron, nickel, or cobalt alloys, or precipitation-hardenable alloys.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Rings, Flash Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Corrosion-Resistant SteelsAMS7493L (Current)09/23/2025
This specification covers flash welded rings made of ferritic and martensitic corrosion-resistant steels.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt PowderAMS7879G (Current)09/18/2025
This specification covers tungsten carbide-cobalt in the form of powder.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Heat Treatment Austenitic Corrosion-Resistant Steel PartsAMS2759/4D (Current)09/18/2025
This specification, in conjunction with the general requirements for steel heat treatment covered in AMS2759, establishes the requirements for annealing of austenitic corrosion-resistant steel parts. Parts are defined in AMS2759. General ordering instructions are specified in AMS2759.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy, Die Castings 9.5Si - 0.50Mg (360.0-F) As CastAMS4290N (Current)09/17/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of die castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Modernization of Integrated Technologies for Ground Systems (MINT-GS) – Screening OF 17-4PH SS Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Process2025-01-049309/16/2025
Additive Manufacturing is currently being utilized to improve military readiness by transforming maintenance operations and the supply chain associated with repairing or replacing parts or components on legacy vehicles. The National Institute for Aviation Research at Wichita State University is collaborating with the Army Ground Vehicle Systems Center in the creation of a rapid qualification framework for various additive manufacturing materials and processes to support the modernization and sustainment of ground vehicles. Currently, a rapid qualification 17-4PH stainless steel material is being executed utilizing Laser Powder Bed Fusion and Direct Energy Deposition additive manufacturing processes. Prior to entering the rapid qualification, pre-qualification screening studies are performed to select the feedstock and develop process control to limit risk within the qualification. An overview of the pre-qualification screening studies performed in selecting the feedstock and heat
Tomblin, John, Andrulonis, Rachael, Saathoff, Brandon, Thomas, Annika, Daharsh, Cole, Lowney, Matthew, Walker, Eric
Effect of Casting Microstructure on the Mechanical Performance of Recycled EN AC-43200 Al-Si Alloy2025-01-035709/15/2025
This work investigates the influence of casting microstructure on the mechanical performance of ad hoc samples of recycled EN AC-43200 Al-Si alloy. Three batches are produced by modifying the casting process parameters (i.e., molten alloy temperature and in-mold cooling conditions) to obtain different casting microstructures. Room temperature tensile and high-cycle fatigue tests, coupled with metallography, X-ray tomography, and fatigue fracture surface analysis, are performed to elucidate the relationship between microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the investigated alloy. The findings indicate that casting pores and intermetallic precipitates play a pivotal role in influencing the mechanical behavior and performance of cast, recycled EN AC-43200 Al-Si alloy. Additionally, an inverse correlation between secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) and both tensile properties and fatigue life is established.
Pavesi, Arianna, Barella, Silvia, D'Errico, Fabrizio, Bonfanti, Andrea, Bertasi, Federico
Automated Gaseous Nitrocarburizing Controlled by PotentialsAMS2759/12C (Current)09/10/2025
This specification covers the requirements for producing a continuous compound zone (white layer) with controlled extent of porosity by means of a gaseous process, automatically controlled to maintain nitriding and carburizing potentials that determine properties of the nitrocarburized surface. Automatic control is intended to ensure repeatability of nitrogen and carbon content of the compound zone, which influences properties such as wear and corrosion resistance, ductility, and fatigue strength.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Aluminum Alloy Castings, Investment, 7.0Si - 0.32Mg (356.0-T51), Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4261H (Current)08/22/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of investment castings (see 8.6).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Training and Approval of Thermal Processing PersonnelARP1962C (Current)08/22/2025
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes training and approval of personnel performing certain thermal processing and associated operations that could have a material impact on the properties of materials being processed. It also recommends that only approved personnel perform or monitor the functions listed in Table 1.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Flap Assemblies, Rotary Flap PeeningAS2592B (Current)08/13/2025
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers components of rotary flap assemblies to be used with portable equipment for peening of metal parts. The flap assemblies consist of a flap attached to a mandrel and shall be of the following sizes:
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Aluminum Alloy Castings, Permanent Mold 7.0Si - 0.30Mg (356.0-T6) Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4284L (Current)08/01/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of permanent mold castings (see 8.6).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Peening Media Ceramic Shot, Ceria-Zirconia (ACZ)AMS2431/9A (Current)08/01/2025
This specification, in conjunction with the general requirements for peening media covered in AMS2431, establishes the requirements for the procurement of ceria-zirconia ceramic shot.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Study of Residual Stresses on Flat Surfaces of DIN 51CrV4 Steel in the Stress Shot Peening Process2025-36-032708/01/2025
Compressive residual stresses are very important at fatigue life, therefore this work has an objective to determine compressive residual stresses longitudinally, along a surface, with three levels of deflection causing tensile prestresses on the surface fibers, of 750 MPa, 1100 MPa and 1500 MPa, supported in one support position on the compression side, 150 mm, equidistant from the longitudinal center of the samples, which are made of EN 47 steel (DIN 51CrV4), with dimensions of 15 mm thick, 70 mm width and 1500 mm long. The samples are submitted to quenching, tempering, surface polishing and stress relief processes, with radius of 2500 mm and concavity downwards, and after they are immersed in a tank with mineral and conventional quenching oil compound, then the samples are tempered and the concave surfaces are polished to remove decarburization and took into the furnace to relieve stress caused by the surface polishing process. Next step, the samples are peened, with deflections of
Chiqueti, Cleber Michel, de Almeida Benassi, Adriano, Gomes, Bárbara Miranda, dos Santos, Marcos, de Lima, Alexandre Santana, Rolim, José Ronaldo Agostinho, da Silva, Fernando Vilanova
New Laser Technique Revolutionizes Ultra-High Ceramic Manufacturing for Spacecraft25AERP08_0708/01/2025
Researchers have demonstrated a new technique that uses lasers to create ceramics that can withstand ultra-high temperatures, with applications ranging from nuclear power technologies to spacecraft and jet exhaust systems. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC A new technique that leverages the concept of sintering, can be used to create ceramic coatings, tiles or complex three-dimensional structures, which allows for increased versatility when engineering new devices and technologies. “Sintering is the process by which raw materials - either powders or liquids - are converted into a ceramic material,” says Cheryl Xu, co-corresponding author of a paper on this research and a Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at North Carolina State University (NCSU). “For this work, we focused on an ultrahigh temperature ceramic called hafnium carbide (HfC). Traditionally, sintering HfC requires placing the raw materials in a furnace that can reach temperatures of at least 2,200
New Laser Technique Revolutionizes Ultra-High Ceramic Manufacturing for SpacecraftTBMG-5358908/01/2025
A new technique that leverages the concept of sintering, can be used to create ceramic coatings, tiles or complex three-dimensional structures, which allows for increased versatility when engineering new devices and technologies.
Cobalt Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Investment Castings 50.5Co - 26Cr - 15Ni - 6.0Mo (Stellite® 30) As-CastAMS5380H (Current)07/22/2025
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant cobalt alloy in the form of investment castings.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy, Extrusion 2.7Cu - 1.8Li - 0.7Zn - 0.3Mn - 0.3Mg - 0.08Zr (2099-T81) Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Stretching 1 to 3% and AgedAMS4459C (Current)07/22/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, and profiles (shapes) from 0.375 to 1.300 inches (9.53 to 33.02 mm) in diameter or thickness, produced with cross-sectional area of 22.5 square inches (145 cm2), maximum, and a circumscribing circle diameter (circle size) of 17.4 inches (44.2 cm), maximum (see 2.4 and 8.8).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Identification Welding Wire, Tab Marking MethodAMS2816W (Current)07/21/2025
This specification covers procedures for tab marking of bare welding wire to provide positive identification of cut lengths and spools.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Cobalt Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Investment Castings 54Co - 25.5Cr - 10.5Ni - 7.5W (Stellite® 31) As-CastAMS5382L (Current)07/18/2025
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant cobalt alloy in the form of investment castings.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Investment Castings 73Ni - 12Cr - 4.5Mo - 2.0Cb (Nb) - 0.70Ti - 0.05C - 6.0Al - 0.010 - 0.10Zr (IN-713 - Low Carbon) Vacuum Cast, As-CastAMS5377H (Current)07/18/2025
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of investment castings.
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
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