Browse Topic: Casting
Image-based machine learning (ML) methods are increasingly transforming the field of materials science, offering powerful tools for automatic analysis of microstructures and failure mechanisms. This paper provides an overview of the latest advancements in ML techniques applied to materials microstructure and failure analysis, with a particular focus on the automatic detection of porosity and oxide defects and microstructure features such as dendritic arms and eutectic phase in aluminum casting. By leveraging image-based data, such as metallographic and fractographic images, ML models can identify patterns that are difficult to detect through conventional methods. The integration of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and advanced image processing algorithms not only accelerates the analysis process but also improves accuracy by reducing subjectivity in interpretation. Key studies and applications are further reviewed to highlight the benefits, challenges, and future directions of
The initial powder used for the manufacturing of NdFeB permanent magnets is usually prepared through rapid cooling, either by melt spinning or strip casting. The powders produced by these two methods are suitable for different applications: while melt-spun powder is a good initial material for bonded and hot-deformed magnets, strip-cast powder is normally used for sintered magnets. To investigate the suitability of using strip-cast powder to manufacture hot-deformed magnets, NdFeB powder prepared by strip casting was hot pressed (without particle alignment) and compared with melt-spun powder prepared under the same conditions (700 °C, 45 MPa, 90 min). Although the processing parameters are the same (pressed in the same mold), the magnetic properties of the magnets made from the two powders are significantly different. Surprisingly, the magnet made from the strip-cast powder (after ball milling) shows comparable magnetic properties to those of isotropic magnets, with coercivity (HcJ) of
This specification covers a cast tin bronze in the form of sealing rings (see 8.5).
This specification establishes a procedure for designating minimum room temperature tensile property requirements of castings by means of this AMS number and a series of dash numbers.
This specification establishes a procedure for designating minimum stress-rupture property requirements of castings by means of this AMS number and a series of dash numbers.
This specification establishes a procedure for designating minimum elevated temperature tensile property requirements of castings by means of this AMS number and a series of dash numbers.
This specification covers a cast leaded-tin bronze in the form of sealing rings (see 8.5).
This specification covers an aluminum bronze alloy in the form of sand castings (see 8.5).
This specification covers a magnesium alloy in the form of sand castings.
This specification defines the requirements for in-process correction of foundry discontinuities by manual welding of castings.
Recent advances in both alloy development and additive manufacturing have enabled the production of ultrahigh-strength steels in nearnet shape parts. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland Ultrahigh-strength steels are traditionally defined as those steels with a minimum yield strength of approximately 1380 MPa. Notable examples of steels in this category include AISI 4130, AISI 4140, and AISI 4340. In many cases, maximizing the performance of these alloys requires a rather complex approach that involves a series of tempering, annealing, or stress-relieving treatments. As a result, they are produced using a variety of traditional processing methods such as casting, rolling, extrusion, or forging. These traditional methods - combined with the ultrahigh strength of the steels - often meant that the production of complex, near-net shape parts of high quality was quite difficult. In addition, these production methods often entailed repetitive treatments or long
Ultrahigh-strength steels are traditionally defined as those steels with a minimum yield strength of approximately 1380 MPa. Notable examples of steels in this category include AISI 4130, AISI 4140, and AISI 4340. In many cases, maximizing the performance of these alloys requires a rather complex approach that involves a series of tempering, annealing, or stress-relieving treatments. As a result, they are produced using a variety of traditional processing methods such as casting, rolling, extrusion, or forging. These traditional methods — combined with the ultrahigh strength of the steels — often meant that the production of complex, near-net shape parts of high quality was quite difficult. In addition, these production methods often entailed repetitive treatments or long production cycles, both of which resulted in elevated production costs.
This specification establishes nondestructive testing methods, sampling frequency, and acceptance criteria for the inspection of metal castings.
This specification covers an aluminum alloy (see 8.5) in the form of centrifugal castings.
Employing the stir casting process, a unique hybrid composites were fabricated, using A356 as the matrix and reinforced with ZrSiO4 and TiB2 particulates. The produced specimens were initially in their as-cast state. Following that, the reinforcement particle concentrations were changed 2 and 4 weight percentages (wt%) of ZrSiO4 and keeping a constant 6 wt% of TiB2. Three samples were exposed to dry sliding conditions at room temperature using a tribometer. Two applied loads of magnitude 10N and 50N and a sliding velocity of 1m/s and 2m/s were selected as testing parameters. After measuring the wear rate (WR) and the coefficient of friction (COF), the worn-out pin surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of the study indicated that, under different sliding parametric conditions, the hybrid composite sample with a weight percentage of A356, specifically with 4% ZrSiO4 and 6% TiB2, displayed a minimal WR and a higher COF compared with the remaining
This specification covers a low-alloy steel in the form of investment castings.
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of investment castings.
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sand or centrifugal castings.
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant steel in the form of investment castings.
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant steel in the form of investment castings.
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of investment castings.
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant steel in the form of investment castings.
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant steel in the form of investment castings.
This specification covers titanium Ti 6Al-4V alloy in the form of investment castings.
This SAE Recommended Practice pertains to blast cleaning and shot peening and provides for standard cast shot and grit size numbers. For shot, this number corresponds with the opening of the nominal test sieve, in ten thousandths of inches1, preceded by an S. For grit, this number corresponds with the sieve designation of the nominal test sieve with the prefix G added. These sieves are in accordance with ASTM E11. The accompanying shot and grit classifications and size designations were formulated by representatives of shot and grit suppliers, equipment manufacturers, and automotive users.
Casting is unique manufacturing processes for variety of reasons. Perhaps the most important reason is, it can produce complex components in any metal and weight ranging from grams to several tons. It is age old technology used to produce complex shapes and for mass production. The defects produced specifically inside the component, during casting process are difficult to identify. These defects in turn become cause of component failure in operating condition. FEA tools gives better understanding of process and can predict any defect produced in the casting process. It also helps to optimize entire process. Thus, use of software are becoming necessity in the industry to avoid rejections / last minute surprise. This paper describes use of simulation to predict casting defects accurately in existing casting component. This provides in depth understanding of existing casting process. With understanding of existing process defects, suitable modifications in the casting design and process
This specification covers steel cleanliness requirements in inch/pound units for aircraft-quality, ferromagnetic, hardenable, corrosion-resistant steels as determined by magnetic particle inspection methods. This specification contains sampling, specimen preparation, and inspection procedures and cleanliness rating criteria (see 8.2).
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the forms of investment castings having four grades of permissible discontinuities.
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant, air-melted, nickel alloy in the form of investment castings.
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant, vacuum melted, nickel alloy in the form of investment castings.
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