Browse Topic: Vehicle to grid (V2G)

Items (105)
ABSTRACT A simulation capable of modeling grid-tied electrical systems, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V) resource sharing was developed within the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Using the steady state admittance matrix approach, the unknown currents and voltages within the network are determined at each time step. This eliminates the need for states associated with the distributed system. Each vehicle has two dynamic states: (1) stored energy and (2) fuel consumed while the generators have only a single fuel consumed state. One of its potential uses is to assess the sensitivity of fuel consumption with respect to the control system parameters used to maintain a vehicle-centric bus voltage under dynamic loading conditions
Jane, Robert S.Parker, Gordon G.Weaver, Wayne W.Goldsmith, Steven Y.
ABSTRACT The roll-up roll-away Tactical Vehicle-to-Grid / Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2G/V2V) system provides a plug-and-play, very fast forming, smart, aggregated, and efficient power solution for an emerging (including austere) contingency base that is ready to generate up to 240kW of 208 VAC 3-phase power in less than 20 minutes. The system is designed to provide grid services (peak shaving, Volt/VAR control, power regulation, and current source mode) beneficial to emerging and mature grids (CONUS or OCONUS). The system uses vehicle Transmission-Integrated Generators (TIGs) to produce 600VDC power for use by vehicle hotel-loads (electrification) and off-board loads (tents/shelters, communications centers, or other electrical loads). Each vehicle is equipped with a Vehicle Communication Module (VCM), which provided the communication capability prior to initiation of transfer of up to 100kW of power via the J1772 SAE Combo Connector between vehicles (V2V) and/or for export power off-vehicle
Hancock, JanieKolhoff, Steven W.McGrew, Dean Z.Masrur, M. AbulSkowronska, Annette G.Vandiver, JamesGatherer, JimPalmer, JasonWood, RobertCurtiss, PeterDorflinger, Max
ABSTRACT Silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductor devices have demonstrated promise in increasing power density by offering reduced continuous and switching losses compared to traditional silicon (Si) semiconductors. SiC can also withstand higher temperatures than Si devices. This presents an opportunity to achieve higher power density for vehicle inverters by using SiC. In this work, we describe the design and testing of a prototype SiC three-phase inverter that can achieve higher temperatures and power density than any off-the-shelf offerings, while fitting in a package roughly the size of a shoebox. This will enable future ground vehicle platforms to deliver greater power without needing to increase space claim or vehicle-level cooling compared to traditional Si inverters, enabling greater capabilities for a given platform to support future Warfighter capabilities (such as directed energy weapons, silent mobility, high power radar/communications/jamming on-the-move, and vehicle to grid
Soles, AlexanderAdams, Matthew
ABSTRACT The roll-up roll-away Tactical Vehicle-to-Grid / Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2G/V2V) system provides a plug-and-play, very fast forming, smart, aggregated, and efficient power system for an emerging (including austere) contingency base. The V2G/V2V system gives the Soldier a capability they currently lack: The ability to generate up to 240kW of 120/208 VAC 3-phase power anywhere, anytime using Transmission-Integrated Generators (TIGs) to produce 600VDC for use by vehicle hotel loads (electrification), transfer of power from V2V, and export power off-vehicle in a Forward Operating Base (FOB) environment, V2G. The system is designed to provide grid services (peak shaving, Volt/VAR control, power regulation, and current source mode) beneficial to emerging and mature grids (CONUS or OCONUS). Data collected during the FY 14 Tactical Enabled Contingency Basing Demonstration (TECD 4a) of a single vehicle with V2G capability showed that variable speed engine power management can provide up
Hancock, JanieMcGrew, DeanKolhoff, StevenSkowronska, Annette G.
ABSTRACT Electric vehicle (EV) aggregation to provide vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services is a topic that has generated research into the economics and viability of using EVs for more than transportation, but little has been demonstrated to this point. This is especially true of using bidirectional power flows to move energy to the grid from EVs or to provide variable charge and discharge control. Our work focuses on implementing bi-directional functionality to demonstrate both V2G services and islanded microgrid support. The use of an intelligent microgrid controller combined with an EV aggregator provides new control capabilities for EV participation as energy storage devices
Massie, Darrell D.Curtiss, PeterMitchem, Sean C.
ABSTRACT As the U.S. Army develops its 30-year science and technology strategy for ground systems, these systems are seen more as mobile power generation systems than just semi-autonomous mobile protection systems. As ground systems continue to have greater levels of electrification, they are perceived as key to providing power not only to the propulsion and mobility systems, but to protection systems, communications, information systems and a complex, ever-increasing suite of auxiliary power systems which are not limited to the vehicle platform itself, but to external systems and platforms. All power systems can be connected wirelessly, or through a microgrid. Therefore, optimizing the overall ground system along with an external suite of loads and sources through a power grid, as a system of systems, becomes crucial in vehicle design. This optimization problem for performance and reliability is complex when considering the outside grid and a mix of other sources and loads with
Skowronska, Annette G.Gorsich, DavidMange, JeremyDunn, AndrewPandey, VijitashwaMourelatos, Zissimos P.
It’s common knowledge that a major challenge for solar energy is how to store excess energy produced when conditions are right, like noon-time sun, so that it can be used later. The usual answer is batteries. But renewable energy resources are causing problems for the electricity grid in other ways as well. In a warm, sunny location like California, mid-afternoon had been a time of peak demand for the electric utility, but with solar it’s now a time of peak output
The benefits of EVs are still being explored and introduced to the world. The latest is GM Energy's new bidirectional charging system. With a host of EVs on the market and more on the way, GM Energy unveiled its Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) bidirectional charging solution. The wall box and companion apps will initially be available on the 2024 Chevrolet Silverado EV First-Edition RST2. Compatibility with other vehicles under the GM umbrella will be supported in the future
Baldwin, Roberto
Modern automotive industry field is recently moving to more electrification level, so the presence of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) is constantly increasing, along with charging technology evolution. Typically, BEVs do not use a significant portion of their battery’s capacity in day-to-day travel, which means their most valuable asset, the battery, sits idle during most of its life. Vehicle to Load (V2L) feature enables the transfer of energy from vehicle to the external loads (like utility tools, dryer, camping equipment or any other electrical appliance) which is connected to the power socket present in the Power Panel to perform AC Discharging. V2L technology lets consumers get more energy from a vehicle, even when it is turned off, improving consumer appeal. Bottomline, consumers can use this on-board Power Panel like a normal portable generator. More specifically, this paper will explore a scalable V2L architecture design with on-board Smart Power Panel technology, requested to
Tavella, DomenicoTolkacz, JosephKasture, ArchanaSarkar, Ashish
This article presents a technical study on the integration of hybrid renewable energy sources (RES) with vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, aiming to enhance energy efficiency, grid stability, and mitigating power imbalances. The growing adoption of RES and electric vehicles (EV) necessitates innovative solutions to mitigate intermittency and optimize resource utilization. The study’s primary objective is to design and analyze a hybrid distribution generation system encompassing solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind power stations, along with a conventional diesel generator, connected to the utility grid. A V2G system is strategically embedded within the microgrid to facilitate bidirectional power exchange between EV and the grid. Methodologically, MATLAB/Simulink® 2021a is employed to simulate the system’s performance over one day. This research addresses a critical research gap in comprehensively evaluating the synergy between hybrid RES and V2G technology within a microgrid context. The
Al-Shetwi, Ali Q.
Road transport is bound to play a major role in the imminent transition to green energy. India has pledged to reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2070 at the COP26 [1] and is committed to have 30% electric vehicle (EV) sales by 2030 [2]. The Indian government is promoting fleet electrification through initiatives like FAME–II. India’s EV market is expected to grow at an annual rate of 90% between 2022 and 2030 [3]. With this projection combined with climate targets, comes an anticipated exponential rise in renewable energy contribution to the national power grid, accompanied by a huge transport-related demand for electricity. NITI Aayog – India’s public policy think tank – and the Ministry of Power are already looking into the expansion of EV charging infrastructure in India as part of smart grid implementation. The deployment of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology as an extension of the smart charging initiative is essential for a smooth transition to renewable energy. The
Sandhu, RoubleCao, XinyuanFaßbender, MaxSchade, ThomasEmran, AshrafAndert, JakobXia, FeihongSharma, Vijay
With increase in number of EVs on Indian roads, poised EV makers to produce innovative and pragmatic concept of electric vehicle features. The concept of bidirectional charging is one of that and which is creating buzz and curiosity among EV buyers. The bidirectional charging enables EV owners to lend the power to grid, other vehicles or use for other auxiliary applications. This paper focuses on idea of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) level 1, level 2 AC charging using J1772 standard, and level 3 DC fast charging using ISO 15118 or DIN 70121. where one user can lend a range of few kilometers to other based on requirement as a helping hand. This paper proposes a new idea which enable vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) charging using ISO 15118, DIN70121 and J1772 protocol. In V2V charging, source vehicle shall function as a mobile charging source (EVSE) and other shall function as a sink (EV). The idea of making source vehicle as charging station involves sink vehicle authentication and managing the
Kumar, RohitPenta, AmarVenugopal, Karthick BabuSahu, HemantArya, Harshita
Electric vehicles (EV) are an effective eco-friendly means of transportation due to the increased use of batteries for energy storage. Additionally, they connect with electricity grids by supplying power and managing the charging rate to achieve quicker charging times. Owing to their ability to operate in a Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) mode, electric vehicles can fulfil this task by supplying bidirectional power flow to tackle the various challenges associated with faster charging and introducing additional services to the grid. Maintaining a stable output voltage and current during the energy exchange process is a crucial factor in these systems. To overcome this challenge, the proposed system employs a bi-directional buck-boost converter (BBBC) with a sophisticated control strategy that considers the current State of Charge (SoC) of the storage system. This BBBC enables bidirectional energy transfer between the power grid and the vehicle's energy storage system
R, UthraJena, SwetaparnaMajeed, SalmanAgarwal, Janvhi
In the context of the race toward minimum road transportation carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, the needs for tools comparing various powertrain options are of the highest importance. Various authors have demonstrated the necessity to take into account the full life cycle assessment (LCA), a simplified tank-to-wheel calculation being unsatisfactory in providing guidance regarding the optimized technological choices depending of variables manufacturing and operating conditions. There are several examples to be found in the literature but they have been found to be very specific to most of their assumptions (e.g., vehicle models, electricity carbon intensity for usage or production, etc.). This paper focuses first on possibly to establish a more general model and relative graphic tool to compare carbon foot print of various powertrains with incremental electrification levels of light-duty vehicles (spark ignition engine, full hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and battery electric vehicle), enabling
Hébert, Guillaume
CASE VP Jay Joseph outlines dramatic cost reductions in fuel-cell systems, the move into stationary power, and new models for mobile and residential energy. Is the long-promised “hydrogen economy” still 15 years away, as it reportedly has been for… more than 15 years? Or is it just around the corner? SAE Media traveled to Honda's U.S. campus in Torrance, California, to see the company's latest progress. This was the introduction of Honda's zero-emission stationary fuel-cell power station, which now is in service as a backup power source for the company's data center. Honda's FCX was the the world's first production fuel-cell vehicle when it debuted in 2002. Since then the company's hydrogen developments have continued. Honda began collaborating on fuel-cell systems in 2013 and the two OEMs share a fuel-cell manufacturing joint venture. The Torrance event also presented the opportunity to speak with Jay Joseph, Honda's VP of Connected, Autonomous, Shared and Electrified (CASE
Dinkel, John
Connected vehicles have the potential to transform the way we commute and travel in a multitude of ways. Vehicles will cooperate and coordinate with each other to solve problems appropriate for the environment in which they are operating. In this paper, we focus on the development of test equipment that includes the infrastructure and vehicles to measure and record all of the information necessary to quantify the performance of cooperative driving algorithms in realistic scenarios. The system allows tests to include real vehicles on the track and virtual vehicles in a digital twin. Real and virtual vehicles interact through the road-side units and test facility network, allowing each test vehicle to receive messages from virtual vehicles as well as the infrastructure. Messages transmitted from the test vehicles are received in the digital twin, allowing the real vehicle to interact with virtual vehicles. This provides the capability to test algorithms in congested traffic without the
Buller, WilliamChase, RichardPaki, Joseph E.Dudekula, Ahammad BashaNaber, JeffreySarkar, Reuben
The purpose of this paper is to make quantitative analysis on the effect of demand side optimization, especially on the reduction of CO2 emission realized by optimizing charging and discharging schedule of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), or by optimized Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) operations. BEV optimization model is incorporated into the existing electricity supply-demand model to study how the introduction of BEVs make differences on a power system operation, composition of power generation and CO2 emission on the power supply side. Three cases of BEV operation are studied, 1) dumb charging without optimization, 2) optimization of charging, 3) optimization of charging and discharging with Vehicle-to-Grid operations. Analysis is also made on how de-carbonization of the supply side will make differences by studying the case of 2035 and 2040 in addition to 2030, the target year of Japan’s new national energy plan. The analysis showed that, as an important use case of a demand side
Honda, AtsuoOgimoto, KazuhikoIwafune, YumikoAzuma, Hitoshi
Interoperability and ‘smart’ energy management are vital for meeting EV charging demand. The clock is ticking for the automotive industry to meet looming “greener” energy deadlines, which will come into effect at the end of the decade. Achieving widescale adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and meeting the mandates will require significant changes. One area that needs more attention is how to power the transition to an electric future. With the demand for electricity expected to grow nearly 20% by 2050 due to EVs and other clean tech initiatives, the grid is under immense pressure. With the aging infrastructure already creaking, expecting it to support this growth is not feasible using the established electricity value chain: generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption. Successfully powering the transition requires utilities and the broader ecosystem to collaborate and look at energy capacity in new ways
Goetzl, Thomas
Transportation electrification is much needed as it can help to reduce the consumption of petroleum fuels. At the same time importance of the charging system to energize electric vehicles is also growing. Currently AC level 1 charging (120V, <2KW) and AC level 2 Charging (240V, <10KW) are used to charge the electric vehicle in residential and workplaces. The off-board chargers have significance as they can charge the vehicles in less time like gas/petrol stations. These off-board charging stations are comprised of two power conversion stages. One is for the rectification process along with power factor correction to obtain DC output from the input utility grid and DC/DC stage to get the regulated DC voltage from the rectifier output. One can reduce the charging time by increasing the output charging power at the power conversion stage. Hence, the present work deals with a novel DC-DC converter topology for fast charging applications and the novelty lies in the Electric vehicle charging
R.L., JosephineSelvan, V. Arul MozhiR, Bhanu PrakashArunachalam Rajesh, Jashwanth
The integration proposed by the microgrid is especially addressed to those types of resources that can be defined as renewables energy resources. Due to the decarbonization process that is involving many sectors, among which, the mobility sector, electric vehicles (EVs) can be considered a challenging way to less pollute the environment, and at the same time, they can be viewed as mobile energy storage systems. This paper considers an islanded microgrid (MG) structure, where, in addition to the presence of energy conversion from renewable and fossil sources, the connection of EV is envisaged. Their presence makes it possible to take advantage of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology for the frequency regulation service. The MG system is simulated in a MATLAB / Simulink environment and, considering a day of variable time, four case studies are carried out, varying the number of EVs connected to the system. The results of the simulations show how EVs provide a valid aid to frequency
De Santis, MicheleFederici, Leonardo
The article presents the results of an experimental analysis of the possibility of gaining electricity to external loads from the Hybrid Electric Vehicle powertrain. The tests were carried out on a vehicle with a series-parallel hybrid drive system, where a mode of charging a battery at standstill is possible. The analysis was aimed at determining the feasibility of using a hybrid vehicle as a stationary source of electricity in the Vehicle-to-Load, Vehicle-to-Home, and in emergency applications even as Vehicle-to-Grid application. The tests consisted in loading the High-Voltage battery of the car with an external load of several different values. In the first approach, receivers intended for 230V AC power were used, but also tolerant to DC power supply with a voltage in the range of 200-250V. The operating parameters of the vehicle's hybrid drive system were recorded, as well as the amount of energy supplied to the receivers from the system. Particular attention was paid to the
Noga, Marcin
This paper explores the efficacy and efficiency of a system for the effective location of electric gridlines during daytime and night-time by the onboard and offboard transceivers of UAV through vehicle to infrastructure communication. The usage of electric gridlines in urban areas helps to extend the range of the UAVs by charging the onboard battery using an extended arm. The same arm can also be used for direct propulsion of the motors onboard UAV, thereby minimizing the reliance on battery. UAVs with advanced Image processing algorithms are utilized in the inspection of the electric grid lines themselves in the Power industry. The camera based algorithms are not effective during night-time when the gridlines are near invisible. This can be mitigated by evaluating light in other spectral ranges, but this would add to the load of the UAV. We propose a system which combines multiple information sources and helps locate the gridlines for range extension, specifically for the delivery of
Pappala, Lokendra Pavan KumarEnagandula, SrujanManoharan, Sandeepkumar
As the number of electric vehicles (EVs) within society rapidly increase, the concept of maximizing its efficiency within the electric smart grid becomes crucial. This research presents the impacts of integrating EV charging infrastructures within a smart grid through a vehicle to grid (V2G) program. It also observes the circulation of electric charge within the system so that the electric grid does not become exhausted during peak hours. This paper will cover several different case studies and will analyze the best and worst scenarios for the power losses and voltage profiles in the power distribution system. Specifically, we seek to find the optimal location as well as the ideal number of EVs in the distribution system while minimizing its power losses and optimizing its voltage profile. Verification of the results are primarily conducted using GUIs created on MATLAB. These simulations aim to develop a better understanding of the potential impacts of electric vehicles in energy
Majumdar, MaitreyeeSpencer, DeltonArefifar, Seyed Ali
By utilizing the vehicle to infrastructure communication, the conventional Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory (GLOSA) applications give speed advisory range for drivers to travel to pass at the green light. However, these systems do not consider the traffic between the ego vehicle and the traffic light location, resulting in inaccurate speed advisories. Therefore, the driver needs to intuitively adjust the vehicle's speed to pass at the green light and avoid traffic in these scenarios. Furthermore, inaccurate speed advisories may result in unnecessary acceleration and deceleration, resulting in poor fuel efficiency and comfort. To address these shortcomings of conventional GLOSA, in this study, we proposed the utilization of collaborative perception messages shared by smart infrastructures to create an enhanced speed advisory for the connected vehicle drivers and automated vehicles. Two different algorithms were designed by utilizing the available traffic preview (Signal Phase and
Cantas, Mustafa RidvanSurnilla, GopichandraSommer, Martin
Bi-directional charging is a value-added feature that seems certain to help accelerate EV adoption. Although other automakers have talked about the potential for electric vehicles (EVs) to use their increasingly powerful batteries for purposes beyond propelling the vehicle, it was Ford that brought the capability known as bi-directional charging to prominence when it revealed details of its new F-150 Lightning last May. A subsequent high-visibility marketing campaign dramatically showed the Lightning using its bi-directional charging capability to power a sizeable home during a power outage. Now, just months before the Lightning hits dealer showrooms, the outsized response to the Lightning - Ford has twice doubled the truck's projected annual production volume to a current 150,000 units - and the gee-whiz nature of its Intelligent Backup Power capability may accelerate the industry's march toward bi-directional charging as a standard feature for most EVs. Although there is specific
Visnic, Bill
This SAE Recommended Practice provides common data output formats and definitions for a variety of data elements that may be useful for analyzing the performance of automated driving system (ADS) during an event that meets the trigger threshold criteria specified in this document. The document is intended to govern data element definitions, to provide a minimum data element set, and to specify a common ADS data logger record format as applicable for motor vehicle applications. Automated driving systems (ADSs) perform the complete dynamic driving task (DDT) while engaged. In the absence of a human “driver,” the ADS itself could be the only witness of a collision event. As such, a definition of the ADS data recording is necessary in order to standardize information available to the accident reconstructionist. For this purpose, the data elements defined herein supplement the SAE J1698-1 defined EDR in order to facilitate the determination of the background and events leading up to a
Event Data Recorder Committee
This work illustrates the potential of Electric Vehicles (EVs) as a grid support tool that will lower carbon emissions from both the energy production sector and the transportation sector. EVs can provide peak shaving power to the grid while discharging and valley filling power while charging to flatten the total load curve of a distribution system. The idea is called Vehicle to Grid (V2G). Flattening the load curve will allow utility providers to delay upgrading, or the purchase of new power generation stations, as well as best utilize renewable energy resources that may be uncontrollable in nature. Electrical energy production and transportation combined accounted for 2,534 million metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions in the US in 2019. Utilizing EVs for transportation as well as grid support will decrease this figure in each sector. This technology may pave the way to cleaner, more reliable, cost effective energy systems. To achieve the goal of illustrating the potential of EVs
Pfeiffer, BradlyAlam, Md ShahinArefifar, Seyed Ali
Electric vehicles (EVs) are critical to the transition to a low-carbon transportation system. The successful adoption of EVs heavily depends on energy consumption models that can accurately and reliably estimate electricity consumption. This article reviews the state of the art of EV energy consumption models, aiming to provide guidance for the future development of EV applications. We summarize influential variables of EV energy consumption in four categories: vehicle component, vehicle dynamics, traffic, and environment-related factors. We classify and discuss EV energy consumption models in terms of modeling scale (microscopic vs. macroscopic) and methodology (data driven vs. rule based). Our review shows trends of increasing macroscopic models that can be used to estimate trip-level EV energy consumption and increasing data-driven models that utilize machine learning technologies to estimate EV energy consumption based on a large volume of real-world data. We identify research gaps
Chen, YucheWu, GuoyuanSun, RuixiaoDubey, AbhishekLaszka, AronPugliese, Philip
With the development of autonomous driving technology, China, based on its national conditions and existing advantages, has clarified the technological development path of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure cooperation system to realize a series of high-end auton omous driving functions such as network-wide dispatching and beyond visual range perception. Compared with the design of the existing cloud control platform, this article clarifies that the expressway operation management unit is the service object. The functional architecture and technical architecture of the cloud control platform are derived through the combing of car-road collaborative application scenarios. Various data resource items are refined, the driving speed threshold is clearly suggested, and the key control data items and equipment collaborative control party are listed according to the traffic flow merging in the ramp to improve road management and control capabilities to achieve the goals of safety, convenience
Li, YanYang, ShuTang, SuisuiWang, XingyuChen, Feng
Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology is capable of providing grid services from electric vehicles (EVs). To do so, it imposes more demanding engineering design requirements on electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE). To provide grid services, bidirectional power flow and accumulated energy between grid and EVs must be metered and uploaded to a remote server participating in electricity markets. Requirements, including accuracy and latency of power and energy data, are crucial parameters. In this article, an overview is provided of a built-in metering module, now designed and built into an EVSE charging station. Design decisions and performance include measurement approaches, communication to a higher-level module, and the standards that must be met
Bai, KunchengMcGee, RodneyKempton, Willett
Prediction of vehicle velocity is important since it can realize improvements in the fuel economy/energy efficiency, drivability, and safety. Velocity prediction has been addressed in many publications. Several references considered deterministic and stochastic approaches such as Markov chain, autoregressive models, and artificial neural networks. There are numerous new sensor and signal technologies like vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication that can be used to obtain inclusive datasets. Using these inclusive datasets of sensors in deep neural networks, high accuracy velocity predictions can be achieved. This research builds upon previous findings that Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) deep neural networks provide low error velocity prediction. We developed an LSTM deep neural network that uses different groups of datasets collected in Fort Collins, Colorado. Synchronous data was gathered using a test vehicle equipped with sensors to measure ego vehicle position
Gaikwad, TusharRabinowitz, AaronMotallebiaraghi, FarhangBradley, ThomasAsher, ZacharyFong, AlvisMeyer, Rick
This research assesses the integration of different levels of electric vehicles (EVs) in the distribution system and observes its impacts on environmental emissions and power system operational costs. EVs can contribute to reducing the environmental emission from two different aspects. First, by replacing the traditional combustion engine cars with EVs for providing clean and environment friendly transportation and second, by integrating EVs in the distribution system through the V2G program, by providing power to the utility during peak hours and reducing the emission created by hydrocarbon dependent generators. The PG&E 69-bus distribution system (DS) is used to simulate the integration of EVs and to perform energy management to assess the operational costs and emissions. The uncertainty of driving patterns of EVs are considered in this research to get more accurate results. The results demonstrate efficient integration of EVs along with energy management strategies having great
Alam, Md ShahinArefifar, Seyed AliHamadi, Abdullah
Connected vehicles (CVs) have situational awareness that can be exploited for control and optimization of the powertrain system. While extensive studies have been carried out for energy efficiency improvement of CVs via eco-driving and planning, the implication of such technologies on the thermal responses of CVs (including those of the engine and aftertreatment systems) has not been fully investigated. One of the key challenges in leveraging connectivity for optimization-based thermal management of CVs is the relatively slow thermal dynamics, which necessitate the use of a long prediction horizon to achieve the best performance. Long-term prediction of the CV speed, unlike the short-range prediction based on vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications-based information, is difficult and error-prone. The multiple timescales inherent to power and thermal systems call for a variable timescale optimization framework with access to short- and long-term
Hu, QiuhaoAmini, Mohammad R.Feng, YihengYang, ZhenWang, HaoKolmanovsky, IlyaSun, JingWiese, AshleyQiu, ZengBuckland, Julia
Idle Stop-and-go (ISG), also known as Auto Stop/Start, is a fuel saving technology common to many modern vehicles that enables the engine to shut down when the vehicle comes to a stop. Although it may help with fuel efficiency, many drivers in the North American market find the feature to be an annoyance due to hesitation in vehicle re-launch and engine shudder during stop or restart. This paper introduces the usage of traffic signal phase and timing (SPaT) information for controlling the activation of ISG with the goal of reducing driver complaints and increasing acceptance of the function. Previous studies proposed the utilization of Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) to introduce adaptability in powertrain controls to traffic situation changes. For instance, when a vehicle stops and the engine shuts off, the controller monitors the movement of the preceding vehicle using ADAS sensors and restarts the engine when the front launches, prior to the driver releasing the brake pedal
Lee, Jason HoonSun, YongHumphrey, JosiahHa, JinhoLee, Byungho
Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory (GLOSA) systems have the objective of providing a recommended speed to arrive at a traffic signal during the green phase of the cycle. GLOSA has been shown to decrease travel time, fuel consumption, and carbon emissions; simultaneously, it has been demonstrated to increase driver and passenger comfort. Few studies have been conducted using historical cycle-by-cycle phase probabilities to assess the performance of a speed advisory capable of recommending a speed for various traffic signal operating modes (fixed-time, semi-actuated, and fully-actuated). In this study, a GLOSA system based on phase probability is proposed. The probability is calculated prior to each trip from a previous week’s, same time-of-day (TOD) and day-of-week (DOW) period, traffic signal controller high-resolution event data. By utilizing this advisory method, real-time communications from the vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) become unnecessary, eliminating data-loss related
Saldivar-Carranza, EnriqueLi, HowellKim, WoosungMathew, JijoBullock, DarcySturdevant, James
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