Browse Topic: Thermal runaway
As the main power source for modern portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are favored for their high energy density and good cycling performance. However, as the usage time increases, battery performance gradually deteriorates, leading to a heightened risk of thermal runaway (TR) increases, which poses a significant threat to safety. Performance degradation is mainly manifested as capacity decline, internal resistance increase and cycle life reduction, which is usually caused by internal factors of LIBs, such as the fatigue of electrode materials, electrolyte decomposition and interfacial chemical reaction. Meanwhile, external factors of LIBs also contribute to performance degradation, such as external mechanical stresses leading to internal structural damage of LIBs, triggering internal short-circuit (ISC) and violent electrochemical reactions. In this paper, the performance degradation of LIBs and TR mechanism is described in detail, as well
Today's battery management systems include cloud-based predictive analytics technologies. When the first data is sent to the cloud, battery digital twin models begin to run. This allows for the prediction of critical parameters such as state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), remaining useful life (RUL), and the possibility of thermal runaway events. The battery and the automobile are dynamic systems that must be monitored in real time. However, relying only on cloud-based computations adds significant latency to time-sensitive procedures such as thermal runaway monitoring. Because automobiles operate in various areas throughout the intended path of travel, internet connectivity varies, resulting in a delay in data delivery to the cloud. As a result, the inherent lag in data transfer between the cloud and cars challenges the present deployment of cloud-based real-time monitoring solutions. This study proposes applying a thermal runaway model on edge devices as a strategy to reduce
This breakthrough promises to significantly enhance the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), addressing a critical challenge in energy storage technology.
In the realm of low-altitude flight power systems, such as electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL), ensuring the safety and optimal performance of batteries is of utmost importance. Lithium (Li) plating, a phenomenon that affects battery performance and safety, has garnered significant attention in recent years. This study investigates the intricate relationship between Li plating and the growth profile of cell thickness in Li-ion batteries. Previous research often overlooked this critical aspect, but our investigation reveals compelling insights. Notably, even during early stage of capacity fade (~ 5%), Li plating persists, leading to a remarkable final cell thickness growth exceeding 20% at an alarming 80% capacity fade. These findings suggest the potential of utilizing cell thickness growth as a novel criterion for qualifying and selecting cells, in addition to the conventional measure of capacity degradation. Monitoring the growth profile of cell thickness can enhance the
Letter from the Focus Issue Editors
To understand effect of thermal hazards of LIBs during TR event, it is important to study flame propagation behaviour of LIBs during storage and transport applications. The process of flame propagation involves complex phenomena of gas phase behavior of LIBs. Present paper attempts a numerical investigation to portray this complex phenomenon. This paper investigates 18650 lithium cell considering two different chemistries NMC and LFP. A 3D numerical CFD model has been constructed to predict the gas phase behavior, threshold internal pressure, and cell gas venting of an 18650-lithium cell under thermal runaway conditions. The gas phase processes are modelled using the 4-equation thermal abuse model, while the cell's venting mechanism is modelled using Darcy's equation. Present work is divided into two parts: 1) Venting gas Internal pressure prediction 2) modeling thermal runaway event. Both procedures are implemented on two different cell chemistries to understand and evaluate following
With the rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs), lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy and power density have been widely applied as the power producer of EVs. However, the range of EVs has been criticized. To meet consumer demand for high power and long driving distances, the energy and power density of LIBs are getting higher and higher. However, LIBs with higher energy density are more prone to catastrophic thermal runaway (TR). In recent years, EV accidents due to TR of LIBs have been frequently reported, which makes consumers lose confidence in EVs. To solve the problem, we must understand the mechanism of LIBs TR, thereby reducing the likelihood of TR in EVs. However, the induction mechanism of LIB TR induced by mechanical abuse is sophisticated. This paper focuses on recent advances in the study of thermal TR characteristics of batteries caused by mechanical abuse, including bending, collisions, and penetration. The impact of various mechanical abuses on the TR
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