A 0D Methodology for Estimating Critical Parameters in Thermal Runaway Tests of Lithium-Ion Batteries in Closed Volumes

The growing push for electrification, driven by the need to reduce emissions associated with combustion engines, has accelerated the adoption of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, this rapid development raises significant safety concerns, particularly regarding thermal runaway events. This study presents a zero-dimensional (0D) methodology for estimating critical parameters during thermal runaway tests conducted in sealed volumes, such as canister-based experiments where both gas composition and pressure are analyzed. The proposed methodology relies on 0D combustion calculations, incorporating experimentally observed vent gas compositions and vented mass quantities. The primary results establish approximate values for critical parameters, providing an order-of-magnitude estimation of overpressure during tests. These findings are crucial for the proper pre-dimensioning of test facilities designed for thermal runaway experiments in confined volumes. As a key conclusion, this study highlights the necessity of simple predictive tools, such as the proposed 0D model, to estimate critical parameters based on the characteristics of the tested battery cells and the test volume. This approach enhances experimental safety and contributes to a more systematic characterization of thermal runaway phenomena in lithium-ion batteries