Browse Topic: Industrial vehicles and equipment
OEMs, integrators and suppliers must continuously process, assess and identify platform vulnerabilities to prioritize and implement updates that protect systems from cyberattacks and data breaches. Security researchers have demonstrated that the control systems in vehicles and machines are open to attack. In 2010, researchers from the University of Washington and the University of California, San Diego demonstrated that by gaining physical access to a vehicle, they could manipulate critical systems like brakes and engines. Just a few years later, security researchers Charlie Miller and Chris Valasek remotely compromised a vehicle over the internet, controlling steering, braking and acceleration, leading to a 1.4 million vehicle recall. In 2024, researchers at Colorado State University successfully demonstrated a wireless drive-by hack by exploiting vulnerabilities in common electronic logging devices (ELDs). In their proof-of-concept test, they achieved remote control over a truck by reflashing the ELD with malicious firmware, which allowed them to slow down a moving truck and show a design for a truck-to-truck worm virus that could theoretically spread through a fleet.
The legislation of CEV Stage V emission norms has necessitated advanced Diesel Particulate Filter calibration strategies to ensure optimal performance across diverse construction equipment applications in the Indian market. Considering the various duty cycles of cranes, backhoe loaders, forklifts, compactors, graders, and other equipment, different load conditions and operational environments require a comprehensive strategy to enhance DPF efficiency, minimize regeneration frequency, and maintain compliance with emission standards. The DPF, as an after-treatment system in the exhaust layout, is essential for meeting emission standards, as it effectively traps particulate matter. Regeneration occurs periodically to burn the soot particles trapped inside the DPF through ECU management. Therefore, understanding soot loading and in-brick DPF temperature behavior across various applications is key. This paper explores the challenges in DPF calibration for CEV Stage V and provides a comprehensive approach to address these challenges, including optimizing soot loading and thermal management for different duty cycles across various applications within a unified calibration framework. The frugal Off-Highway Vehicle market expects a leaner Exhaust Gas Treatment approach, which increases the challenges of thermal management and soot loading. Additionally, the market is moving towards extracting maximum BMEP from their engines, which impacts passive regeneration and DPF thermal stability, among other parameters.
In this article we will discuss the development and implementation of a computer vision system to be used in decision-making and control of an electro-hydraulic mechanism in order to guarantee correct functioning and efficiency during the logistics project. To achieve this, we have brought together a team of engineering students with knowledge in the area of Artificial Intelligence, Front End and mechanical, electrical and hydraulic devices. The project consists of installing a system on a forklift that moves packaged household appliances that can identify and differentiate the different types of products moved in factories and distribution centers. Therefore, the objective will be to process this identification and control an electro-hydraulic pressure control valve (normally controlled in PWM) so that it releases only the hydraulic pressure configured for each type of packaging/product, and thus correctly squeezing (compressing) the specific volume, without damaging it due to excessive force, and without little force to the point of allowing the load to fall.
This paper studies an important industrial controls engineering problem statement on mitigating vibrations in a mechanical boom structure for an off-highway agricultural vehicle. The work discusses the implementation of an active force control concept to efficiently dampen out vibrations in a boom. Through rigorous simulation comparison with respect to an existing PID mechanism, the efficacy of the AFC is demonstrated. A notable reduction of 60 % to 70 % in the boom vibrations was observed.
The scope of this SAE Recommended Practice is limited to cranes mounted on a fixed platform lifting loads from a vessel alongside. The size of the vessel is assumed not to exceed that of a work boat as defined in 3.14.
Electrification isn't just a matter of switching out the diesel engine for an electric motor. It requires a thorough review of connected systems - particularly the hydraulic system. Using the same components in electric machines as those used in conventional machines often requires more battery power or a larger electric motor. For this reason, OEMs have discovered the need to rethink efficiency and productivity when electrifying machines. MPG Makine Prodüksiyon Grubu learned this firsthand when designing a truck-mounted electric crane for one of its Netherlands-based customers. The Konya, Turkey-based OEM produces truck-mounted hydraulic cranes with folding and telescopic booms as well as aerial work platforms and tree trans-planter machines.
iMotions employs neuroscience and AI-powered analysis tools to enhance the tracking, assessment and design of human-machine interfaces inside vehicles. The advancement of vehicles with enhanced safety and infotainment features has made evaluating human-machine interfaces (HMI) in modern commercial and industrial vehicles crucial. Drivers face a steep learning curve due to the complexities of these new technologies. Additionally, the interaction with advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) increases concerns about cognitive impact and driver distraction in both passenger and commercial vehicles. As vehicles incorporate more automation, many clients are turning to biosensor technology to monitor drivers' attention and the effects of various systems and interfaces. Utilizing neuroscientific principles and AI, data from eye-tracking, facial expressions and heart rate are informing more effective system and interface design strategies. This approach ensures that automation advancements improve rather than hinder the driving experience.
Heavy vehicles such as construction machinery generally require a large traction force. For this reason, axle components are equipped with a final reduction gear to provide a structure that can generate a large traction force. Basic analysis of vertical load, horizontal load (traction force), centrifugal force, and torsional torque applied to the wheels of heavy vehicles such as construction machinery and industrial vehicles, as well as actual working load analysis during actual operations, were conducted and compiled into a load analysis diagram. The loosening tendency of wheel bolts and nuts that fasten the wheel under actual working load was measured, and the loosening analysis method was presented. The causes of wheel fall-off accidents in heavy trucks, which have recently become a problem, were examined. Wheel bolts are generally tightened by the calibrated wrench method using a torque wrench. The method is susceptible to variations in friction coefficient and tightening torque, and human error affects the tightening torque. Even if the tightening torque (initial clamping force) is insufficient, effective loosening prevention is considered necessary to prevent serious accidents such as wheels falling off. In forklifts, the number of hub bolts is limited due to space limitations, so hub nuts have a spherical or conical alignment structure that allows each nut and bolt to absorb the drive torque and slippage of the bearing surface. In wheel loaders, for example, there is space to install hub bolts, and the clamping force of the bolt sustained slippage of the bearing surface to prevent loosening and fatigue”
Engineers at the University of California San Diego have developed electronic “stickers” that measure the force exerted by one object upon another. The force stickers are wireless, run without batteries and fit in tight spaces. That makes them versatile for a wide range of applications, from arming robots with a sense of touch to elevating the immersive experience of VR and AR, making biomedical devices smarter, monitoring the safety of industrial equipment, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of inventory management in warehouses.
NMC and LFP lithium-ion batteries find favor in different regions as OEMs move to electrify larger excavators and loaders. The success of electric vehicles in the construction industry will largely be determined by battery prices being low enough that the total cost of ownership is cheaper than diesel alternatives. IDTechEx's new report, “Electric Vehicles in Construction 2023-2043,” shows that there is a battery price tipping point, under which it will be cheaper over the vehicle lifetime to operate an EV. Selecting the right chemistry will be imperative for getting a low enough vehicle price. So why is a clear dichotomy seen between the batteries being deployed in China compared to Europe? Electric vehicles in construction are an emerging market. IDTechEx has built a database of more than 100 example makes and models across seven different construction-vehicle categories: mini excavators, excavators (>6 tonne), compact loaders, backhoe loaders, wheel loaders, telehandlers and mobile cranes. However, with lots of vehicles yet to be released, only 49 database entries have confirmed chemistry information.
Industrial vehicles such as forklifts, cranes and tractors have come a long way in terms of applying technology, enhancing performance with improved operation and safety. With the advancements in computer vision, robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), these vehicles now are equipped with functionality that utilizes information to support and optimize performance. One of the key enablers of these advances is the integration of machine learning (ML) derived platforms and powerful computers, neural processing units and cameras integrated into the digital system. System designers and OEMs can get started with AI and computer vision using just a standard Ethernet camera and a Cortex A35 dual- or quad-core next-generation display. Using the detection and recognition of objects, designers can implement and train neural networks to realize new solutions for process guidance, automation, augmented reality and operator awareness. For example, the dual-core CCpilot V700 from CrossControl can provide adequate detections for automating processes.
At Bauma 2022 in Munich, Germany, Danfoss revealed that its electrified powertrain system was driving a new electric crawler crane, the Sany SCE800TB-EV. This will be Sany's first fully electric volume-model crawler crane and is available for batch order in the European market, where Danfoss states that there is increasing demand for zero-emission construction machines. The Sany SCE800TB-EV is an 80-ton telescopic crane with a maximum lifting moment of 300 ton-meters and a maximum boom length of 47 meters (155 ft). The electric system features a permanent-magnetic synchronous motor and an inverter supplied by Danfoss's Editron division as well as a Danfoss D1P hydraulic pump.
Ethernet is widely used among consumer and commercial systems throughout the world, and it is well understood by all levels of end-users. Due to economies of scale, coupled with availability of industrial-grade devices, Ethernet has also become suitable, and often dominant, for many types of more rigorous applications. Unfortunately, industrial-grade Ethernet devices are often associated with high costs and complex network management and configuration requirements.
Cranes for lifting and lowering heavy objects are an important and sometimes essential tool in modern industries such as construction, transportation, and manufacturing. NASA uses overhead and mobile cranes for assembly of load lines employed in full-scale testing of its Space Launch System (SLS), a super-heavy-lift launch vehicle for deep space human space exploration. Structural testing of the SLS requires precision placement of heavy objects with soft contact during mating connections, which proved to be problematic with the relatively coarse control available with motor-driven overhead cranes and the existing rigging devices.
What Is It? What Does it Do? How Does It Work? The Distributed Extreme Environment Drive System (DEEDS) is an advanced space-rated avionic and actuation control system that addresses a wide thermal range of operations for harsh environments. This new technology development, undertaken by Motiv Space Systems (Motiv), addresses some of the most stringent environmental requirements of lunar and deep space exploration. It will enable sustained operations for critical systems like lunar rovers, robotics, cranes, offload equipment, ISRU processing equipment, and cargo manipulation systems. DEEDS was funded under NASA's SBIR ‘Moon to Mars’ Sequential Program and builds on previously established cryogenic operating avionic SBIR-funded technologies that have been successfully commercialized for orbital and lunar lander systems.
The Distributed Extreme Environment Drive System (DEEDS) is an advanced space-rated avionic and actuation control system that addresses a wide thermal range of operations for harsh environments. This new technology development, undertaken by Motiv Space Systems (Motiv), addresses some of the most stringent environmental requirements of lunar and deep space exploration. It will enable sustained operations for critical systems like lunar rovers, robotics, cranes, offload equipment, ISRU processing equipment, and cargo manipulation systems. DEEDS was funded under NASA’s SBIR ‘Moon to Mars’ Sequential Program and builds on previously established cryogenic operating avionic SBIR-funded technologies that have been successfully commercialized for orbital and lunar lander systems.
This document establishes safety limits and performance requirements for gaseous hydrogen fuel dispensers used to fuel Hydrogen Powered Industrial Trucks (HPITs). It also describes several example fueling methods for gaseous hydrogen dispensers serving HPIT vehicles. SAE J2601-3 offers performance based fueling methods and provides guidance to fueling system builders as well as suppliers of hydrogen powered industrial trucks and operators of the hydrogen powered vehicle fleet(s). This fueling protocol for HPITs can support a wide range of hydrogen fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles including fork lifts, tractors, pallet jacks, on and off road utility, and specialty vehicles of all types. The mechanical connector geometry for H25 and H35 connectors are defined in SAE J2600 Compressed Hydrogen Surface Vehicle Refueling Connection Devices. Multiple fueling methods are described in this document and include: 1 Fill to Service Pressure with fixed area flow-limiting device 2 Fill to Target Pressure with fixed area flow-limiting device 3 Fill to Target Pressure with variable area flow-limiting device These three dispensing methods are detailed in Section 6 and include a schematic of control components for vehicle fueling. These methods allow for market differentiation with varied target fill pressures relative to 100% SOC. These methods are examples of how dispensers may function but are not intended to limit options for new dispenser technologies or fueling methods, provided they meet the performance based requirements. This document is suitable for all vehicle tank fueling systems above 18 L water volume and may be used for fueling of all types of Hydrogen Powered Industrial Trucks (HPIT’s), and Battery Replacement modules (BRM’s). The fueling limits shown in Section 5 are harmonized with the fueling assumptions used for on-board fuel systems that comply with CSA HPIT-1.
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to stationary usage of mobile construction-type cranes, crawler or rubber-tire mounted, on outriggers or on tires, when used for lifting, clamshell, dragline, magnet, pile driver, or similar service.
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to cranes in lifting crane service which are equipped with two-block warning, limiting, and/or damage prevention systems.
Although industrial factories and processing plants have long been automated, it remains vital for human decision-making to be involved in operations, sometimes to a great extent. Automation in and of itself is very effective, but it can deliver the best performance, efficiency, and quality when it is coordinated to inform operators so they can make decisions, and even impact the logical control.
Items per page:
50
1 – 50 of 415