Browse Topic: Signs, markings, and symbols

Items (56)
More than half a century after the Apollo missions first brought astronauts to the Moon, NASA’s Artemis program is returning humanity to the lunar surface — this time aiming for the Moon’s uncharted south pole and a sustained presence beyond Earth. Artemis is not only a milestone mission, but also a foundational effort to expand the boundaries of human exploration, and it marks the transition from low-Earth orbit to deep space exploration, applying decades of lessons learned to develop sustainable systems for long-duration missions.
Boston Scientific entered 2025 with significant momentum. Fresh off a standout first quarter, the company’s leadership has outlined a compelling vision for sustainable long-term growth rooted in high-performing cardiology franchises, operational precision, and disruptive technologies in electrophysiology (EP). Leaders spoke at a recent Bank of America Healthcare Conference. The discussion marked outgoing CFO Dan Brennan’s final investor presentation and underscored Boston Scientific’s transformation into one of medtech’s most durable growth stories.
The purpose of this document is to provide a standard for aircraft fuselage markings located at the doors used for ground servicing operations. These markings can be used by all GSE that will dock at the aircraft. These markings may be used for one or several phases of the GSE positioning relative to the aircraft process: GSE alignment during approach, GSE final docking, and GSE auto leveling. It is not the purpose of this standard to describe the different technologies, cameras, or other equipment that can be mounted on GSE to utilize these markings. The aircraft that may use these markings will have a fuselage diameter of 3 m or more.
AGE-3 Aircraft Ground Support Equipment Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice outlines labeling guidelines and performance requirements for printed information and warning labels used on components, subsystems, and systems. It covers content, placement, and durability requirements throughout the product life cycle, from initial production to recycling or disposal.
Battery Tape and Label Committee
This standard is applicable to the marking of aerospace vehicle electrical wires and cables using ultraviolet (UV) lasers. This standard specifies the process requirements for the implementation of UV laser marking of aerospace electrical wire and cable and fiber-optic cable to achieve an acceptable quality mark using equipment designed for UV laser marking of identification codes on aerospace wire and cable. Wiring specified as UV laser markable subject to AS4373 and which has been marked in accordance with this standard will conform to the requirements of AS50881.
AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install
The effect of seat belt misuse and/or misrouting is important to consider because it can influence occupant kinematics, reduce restraint effectiveness, and increase injury risk. As new seatbelt technologies are introduced, it is important to understand the prevalence of seatbelt misuse. This type of information is scarce due to limitations in available field data coding, such as in NASS-CDS and FARS. One explanation may be partially due to assessment complexity in identifying misuse and/or misrouting. An objective of this study was to first identify types of lap-shoulder belt misuse/misrouting and associated injury patterns from a literature review. Nine belt misuse/misrouting scenarios were identified including shoulder belt only, lap belt only, or shoulder belt under the arm, for example, while belt misrouting included lap belt on the abdomen, shoulder belt above the breasts, or shoulder belt on the neck. Next, the literature review identified various methods used to assess misuse
Gu, EmilyParenteau, Chantal
This SAE Recommended Practice provides standardized laboratory tests, test methods, and performance requirements applicable to signal and marking devices used on vehicles 2032 mm or more in overall width.
Heavy Duty Lighting Standards Committee
Secondary crashes, including struck-by incidents are a leading cause of line-of-duty deaths among emergency responders, such as firefighters, law enforcement officers, and emergency medical service providers. The introduction of light-emitting diode (LED) sources and advanced lighting control systems provides a wide range of options for emergency lighting configurations. This study investigated the impact of lighting color, intensity, modulation, and flash rate on driver behavior while traversing a traffic incident scene at night. The impact of retroreflective chevron markings in combination with lighting configurations, as well as the measurement of “moth-to-flame” effects of emergency lighting on drivers was also investigated. This human factors study recruited volunteers to drive a closed course traffic incident scene, at night under various experimental conditions. The simulated traffic incident was designed to replicate a fire apparatus in the center-block position. The incident
Bullough, John D.Parr, ScottHiebner, EmilySblendorio, Alec
Scenario-based testing has become a central approach of safety verification and validation (V&V) of automated driving. The standard ISO 21448: Safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF) [1] proposes triggering conditions (e.g., an occluded traffic sign) as a new aspect to be considered to organize scenario-based testing. In this contribution, we discuss the requirements and the strategy of testing triggering conditions in an iterative, SOTIF-oriented V&V process. Accordingly, we illustrate a method for generating test scenarios for evaluating potential triggering conditions. We apply the proposed method in a two-fold case study: We demonstrate how to derive test scenarios and test these with a virtual automated driving system in simulation. We provide an analysis of the testing result to show how triggering condition-based testing facilitates spotting the weakness of the system. Besides, we exhibit the applicability of the method based on multiple triggering conditions and nominal
Zhu, ZhijingPhilipp, RobinHowar, Falk
This document presents a catalog of safety sign text and artwork that can be used by any ready mixed concrete truck manufacturer to warn of common hazards.
Ready-Mix Concrete Truck Safety Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to technical publications which present instructions for the proper unloading, set-up, installations, pre-delivery inspection, operation, and servicing of off-road self-propelled work machines as categorized in SAE J1116. Advertising/marketing and other pre-purchase publications are not included.
Machine Technical Steering Committee
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) is a growing technology in automotive industry, intended to provide safety and comfort to the passengers with the help of variety of sensors like radar, camera, Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) etc. The camera sensors in ADAS used extensively for the purpose of object detection and classification which are used in functions like Traffic sign recognitions, Lane detections, Object detections and many more. The development and testing of camera-based sensors involves the greater technologies in automotive industry, especially the validation of camera hardware and software. The testing can be done by various processes and methods like real environment test, model-based testing, Hardware, and Software in loop testing. A fully matured ADAS camera system in the market comes after passing all these verification processes, yet there are lot of new failures popping up in the field with this ADAS system. Since ADAS is an evolving technology, many new
R, ManjunathSaddaladinne, JagadeeshPachaiyappan, Sathish
Researchers from Tohoku University and Kyoto University have successfully developed a DNA-based molecular controller that autonomously directs the assembly and disassembly of molecular robots. This pioneering technology marks a significant step toward advanced autonomous molecular systems with potential applications in medicine and nanotechnology.
At the InCabin USA vehicle technology expo in Detroit, Ford customer research lead Susan Shaw said that the sea of letters around ADAS features and control and indicator icons that vary between vehicles are often confusing to drivers. Shaw pointed out that the following all represent features related to driving lanes: LDW, LKA, LKS, LFA, LCA. These initialisms (groups of letters that form words) are not the only ways the industry refers to these technologies, as some OEMs have their own names for similar things. It all contributes to what can be dangerous assumptions on the part of a driver. “It's shocking how many people think their vehicle will apply the brakes in an emergency, when the car has no such system,” she said. As an overview to the subject of control and indicator iconography, Shaw began with an introduction to user experience research by talking about a classic example: Norman is the author of “The Design of Everyday Things.” A so-called Norman door is any door that is
Clonts, Chris
Investigating human driver behavior enhances the acceptance of the autonomous driving and increases road safety in heterogeneous environments with human-operated and autonomous vehicles. The previously established driver fingerprint model, focuses on the classification of driving styles based on CAN bus signals. However, driving styles are inherently complex and influenced by multiple factors, including changing driving environments and driver states. To comprehensively create a driver profile, an in-car measurement system based on the Driver-Driven vehicle-Driving environment (3D) framework is developed. The measurement system records emotional and physiological signals from the driver, including the ECG signal and heart rate. A Raspberry Pi camera is utilized on the dashboard to capture the driver's facial expressions and a trained convolutional neural network (CNN) recognizes emotion. To conduct unobtrusive ECG measurements, an ECG sensor is integrated into the steering wheel
Ji, DejieFlormann, MaximilianWarnecke, Joana M.Henze, RomanDeserno, Thomas M.
To provide specifications for lighting and marking of industrial wheeled equipment whenever such equipment is operated or traveling on a highway.
OPTC3, Lighting and Sound Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice specifies graphic symbols for operator controls, gauges, tell-tales, indicators, instructions, and warning against risks in small craft and for engines and other equipment intended to be used in small craft.
Marine Technical Steering Committee
This SAE Standard establishes minimum requirements for lighting and marking earthmoving work machinery as defined in SAE J1116. It may be used as guidance for other types of machinery. Earthmoving work machines are normally operated off-highway. Therefore, this SAE document is not intended to be used as a basis for regulations by those having authority over on-highway motor vehicles.
OPTC3, Lighting and Sound Committee
Emergency personnel and first responders have the opportunity to document crash scenes while evidence is still recent. The growth of the drone market and the efficiency of documentation with drones has led to an increasing prevalence of aerial photography for incident sites. These photographs are generally of high resolution and contain valuable information including roadway evidence such as tire marks, gouge marks, debris fields, and vehicle rest positions. Being able to accurately map the captured evidence visible in the photographs is a key process in creating a scaled crash-scene diagram. Image rectification serves as a quick and straightforward method for producing a scaled diagram. This study evaluates the precision of the photo rectification process under diverse roadway geometry conditions and varying camera incidence angles.
Hashemian, AlirezaTerpstra, Toby
Analysis of pedestrian-to-vehicle collisions can be complex due to the nature of the interaction and the physics involved. The scarcity of evidence like video evidence (from CCTV or dashcams), data from the vehicle's ECU, witness accounts, and physical evidence such as tyre marks, complicates the analysis of these incidents. In cases with limited evidence, current forensic methods often rely on prolonged inquiry processes or computationally intensive simulations. Without adequate data, accurately estimating pedestrian kinematics and addressing hit-and-run scenarios becomes challenging. This research provides an alternative approach to enhancing pedestrian forensic analysis based on machine learning (ML) algorithms trained on over 3000 multi-body computer simulations with a diverse set of vehicle profiles and pedestrian anthropometries. Leveraging information such as vehicle profile, damage, and pedestrian attributes like height and weight, the ML algorithm estimates essential
Shrinivas, VadhirajBastien, ChristopheDavies, HuwDaneshkhah, AlirezaHardwicke, JosephNeal-Sturgess, CliveLamaj, Albi
SAE J115 specifies the relevant ISO standards for application to safety labels for use on off-road work machines as defined in SAE J1116.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
This SAE Standard specifies symbols (i.e. conventional signs) for use on controls, indicators, and tell-tales applying to passenger cars, light and heavy commercial vehicles, and buses, to ensure identification and facilitate use. It also indicates the colors of possible optical tell-tales, which inform the driver of either correct operation or malfunctioning of the related devices.
Controls and Displays Standards Committee
In the pursuit of advancing autonomous vehicles (AVs), data-driven algorithms have become pivotal in replacing human perception and decision-making. While deep neural networks (DNNs) hold promise for perception tasks, the potential for catastrophic consequences due to algorithmic flaws is concerning. A well-known incident in 2016, involving a Tesla autopilot misidentifying a white truck as a cloud, underscores the risks and security vulnerabilities. In this article, we present a novel threat model and risk assessment (TARA) analysis on AV data storage, delving into potential threats and damage scenarios. Specifically, we focus on DNN parameter manipulation attacks, evaluating their impact on three distinct algorithms for traffic sign classification and lane assist. Our comprehensive tests and simulations reveal that even a single bit-flip of a DNN parameter can severely degrade classification accuracy to less than 10%, posing significant risks to the overall performance and safety of
Kim, InsupLee, GanggyuLee, SeyoungChoi , Wonsuk
This year marks the 70th anniversary of the first automated guided vehicle, and AGVs have been moving things around on humans’ behalf ever since. But today’s AGVs aren’t your grandparents’ AGVs, and their sophistication is catching up with the 21st-century demands of manufacturing and maintenance tasks for the aerospace and defense industries.
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on off-road work machines as defined in SAE J1116, plus mobile cranes, but excluding agricultural tractors. Symbols for agricultural tractors are covered by ASABE S304, ISO 3767-1, and ISO 3767-2.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
Researchers from Santa Clara University, New Jersey Institute of Technology, and the University of Hong Kong have been able to successfully teach micro-robots how to swim via deep reinforcement learning, marking a substantial leap in the progression of micro-swimming capability.
To many people, a measurement sounds mundane, like marking ticks on a ruler or reading the line on a thermometer. It’s a piece of data. And they tend to think that improved measurements look like finer and finer ticks on a ruler. But making new measurements is more than just making finer marks on a ruler. To measure something is to understand it, pull it apart and see how it works. New measurements can unlock possibilities that even scientists never thought of when they started out. Perhaps there is no better example than the optical frequency comb. Very simply, this device is a ruler for light. Yet it’s so much more than a ruler.
Transportation infrastructure systems serve as the platform for emerging automated vehicle (AV) technologies and, in their current condition, limit the reliability of these new vehicles. Road conditions, lane markings, and signs provide essential guidance and information to both human- and machine-controlled vehicles; however, their condition and placement vary depending on local conditions, practices, and funding. Irregular sign placements and road markings confuse both human and machine drivers and can create unsafe conditions. Still, in the short term, they are the easiest factor to adjust regarding successful AV deployment. Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers: Pavement Markings and Signsexamines the issues associated with pavement markings and signs in the context of advanced automation. The report focuses on unresolved issues between the AV industry and infrastructure owners and operators and provides opportunities and recommendations for the AV industry and the larger
Coyner, KelleyBittner, Jason
Manufacturers and developers of automated vehicles (AVs) often maintain that no new infrastructure enablers are needed to achieve full AV deployment aside from existing infrastructure investments (e.g., connected traffic signals, designated stops, booking software, mobile applications, separated lanes). These groups hold that a state-of-good-repair and clean lane markings are sufficient; however, much of the US receives poor grades when it comes to these features. What do infrastructure owners and operators need to know about what constitutes effective lane markings or what to prioritize in terms of safety and mobility? How do policy considerations effect these choices? Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers the first in a series on AVs and infrastructure—considers ways in which infrastructure can speed or delay deployment, mitigate hazards, and capture benefits related to AV roll-out. Some of these benefits include accessibility, safety, reduced climate impacts, and integrated
Coyner, KelleyBittner, Jason
To many people, a measurement sounds mundane, like marking ticks on a ruler or reading the line on a thermometer. It’s a piece of data. And they tend to think that improved measurements look like finer and finer ticks on a ruler. But making new measurements is more than just making finer marks on a ruler. To measure something is to understand it, pull it apart and see how it works. New measurements can unlock possibilities that even scientists never thought of when they started out. Perhaps there is no better example than the optical frequency comb. Very simply, this device is a ruler for light. Yet it’s so much more than a ruler.
This SAE Recommended Practice covers the safety alert symbol intended for use on construction and industrial equipment as defined in SAE J1116 and on agricultural tractors and machinery as defined in ASABE S390.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
“Day & night marking” is used in automobiles, aviation, instrumentation and computer keyboards to make buttons and controls (e.g. door locks, window controls, sound system adjustments, etc.) clearly visible under ambient illumination conditions varying from bright sunlight (day) to low light (night). Although it sounds simple, manufacturing these products cost-effectively in a small-batch production environment requires the use of a sophisticated, automated, laser-based tool.
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on off-road work machines as defined in SAE J1116 plus mobile cranes but excluding agricultural tractors. Symbols for agricultural tractors are covered by ASABE S304, ISO 3767-1, and ISO 3767-2.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
This SAE Recommended Practice covers the safety alert symbol intended for use on construction and industrial equipment as defined in SAE J1116 and on agricultural tractors and machinery as defined in ASABE S390.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on off-road work machines as defined in SAE J1116 plus mobile cranes but excluding agricultural tractors. Symbols for agricultural tractors are covered by ASABE S304, ISO 3767-1, and ISO 3767-2.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on off-road work machines as defined in SAE J1116 plus mobile cranes. Symbols for agricultural equipment other than the basic agricultural tractor are covered by ASAE S304 and are therefore excluded from the scope of SAE J1362.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on off-road work machines as defined in SAE J1116 plus mobile cranes. Symbols for agricultural equipment other than the basic agricultural tractor are covered by ASAE S304 and are therefore excluded from the scope of SAE J1362.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
This SAE Recommended Practice presents the general uses, limitations on use, and appearance of the safety alert symbol.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on construction, general purpose industrial, agricultural, forestry, and specialized mining categories of off-road, self-propelled work machines as defined in SAE J1116. Symbols for agricultural equipment other than the basic agricultural tractor (for example, combine harvesters, cotton harvesters, forage harvesters, balers, and sprayers) are covered by ASAE S304 and are therefore excluded from the scope of SAE J1362.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on construction, general-purpose industrial, agricultural, forestry, and specialized mining categories of off-road self-propelled work machines, as defined in SAE J1116. Symbols for agricultural equipment other than the basic agricultural tractor (for example, combine harvesters, cotton harvesters, forage harvesters, balers, and sprayers) are covered by ASAE S304 and are therefore excluded from the scope of SAE J1362.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on construction, general-purpose industrial, agricultural, forestry, and specialized mining categories of off-road self-propelled work machines, as defined in SAE J1116. Symbols for agricultural equipment other than the basic agricultural tractor (for example, combine harvesters, cotton harvesters, forage harvesters, balers, and sprayers) are covered by ASAE S304 and are therefore excluded from the scope of SAE J1362.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on construction, general purpose industrial, agricultural, forestry, and specialized mining categories of off-road self-propelled work machines, as defined in SAE J1116. Symbols for agricultural equipment other than the basic agricultural tractor (for example, combine harvesters, cotton harvesters, forage harvesters, balers and sprayers) are covered by ASAE S304 and are therefore excluded from the scope of SAE J1362.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
SAE J1362 presents graphical symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on construction, general purpose industrial, agricultural, forestry, and specialized mining categories of off-road self-propelled work machines, as defined in SAE J1116. Symbols for agricultural equipment other than the basic agricultural tractor (e.g., combine harvesters, cotton pickers, sprayers, forage harvesters, and balers) are covered by ASAE S304 and are therefore excluded from the scope of SAE J1362.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
This SAE Recommended Practice presents the general uses, limitations on use, and appearance of the safety alert symbol.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
The instrument design criteria and grouping described are recommended to manufacturers of construction and industrial equipment for all new designs.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
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