Browse Topic: Nanotechnology
ABSTRACT Fiber reinforced thermoset composites are well known for delivering 50% or more weight savings when compared with steel components while also providing strength, stiffness, and toughness. Nanoparticle additives have been shown to significantly increase the mechanical properties of thermoplastic and thermoset polymer matrices over the base matrix values. Extensive testing and characterization of composites containing graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) has been conducted and reported by XG Sciences’ (XGS) collaborators at the Michigan State University (MSU) Composite Materials and Structures Center. In a recent program with U.S. Army Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC), MSU investigated lightweight composites for blast and impact protection. High strain rate test facilities as well as high speed photography and non-destructive interferometry-based evaluation techniques were used to evaluate blast performance. The experimental results are presented
This paper explores the groundbreaking applications of plasma propulsion engines and advanced nanomaterials in low-altitude aircraft, addressing the challenges and recent technological advancements that make such applications feasible. Traditional space plasma thrusters operate effectively in near-vacuum conditions by taking advantage of the ease of plasma ignition at low pressures. However, these thrusters face significant difficulties when operated at near-atmospheric pressures found in low-altitude environments, where plasma ignition is challenging. This paper highlights recent breakthroughs in high-pressure plasma glow discharge technology and the integration of nanomaterials, which together enable the use of plasma propulsion engines in low-altitude aircraft. These innovations offer substantial advantages over conventional engines, including higher efficiency, reduced emissions, and the potential to fundamentally change the propulsion systems of low-altitude aircraft
A flexible and stretchable cell has been developed for wearable electronic devices that require a reliable and efficient energy source that can easily be integrated into the human body. Conductive material consisting of carbon nanotubes, crosslinked polymers, and enzymes joined by stretchable connectors, are directly printed onto the material through screenprinting
Researchers have shown that twisted carbon nanotubes can store three times more energy per unit mass than advanced lithium-ion batteries. The finding may advance carbon nanotubes as a promising solution for storing energy in devices that need to be lightweight, compact, and safe, such as medical implants and sensors
Researchers have discovered that minuscule, self-propelled particles called “nanoswimmers” can escape from mazes as much as 20 times faster than other passive particles. The tiny synthetic nanorobots are incredibly effective at escaping cavities within maze-like environments
Butterflies can see more of the world than humans, including more colors and the field oscillation direction, or polarization, of light. This special ability enables them to navigate with precision, forage for food, and communicate with one another. Other species, like the mantis shrimp, can sense an even wider spectrum of light, as well as the circular polarization, or spinning states, of light waves. They use this capability to signal a “love code,” which helps them find and be discovered by mates
When wounds happen, we want them to heal quickly and without complications, but sometimes infections and other complications prevent it. Chronic wounds are a significant health concern affecting tens of millions of Americans
Engineers at the University of California San Diego have developed an ultra-sensitive sensor made with graphene that can detect extraordinarily low concentrations of lead ions in water. The device achieves a record limit of detection of lead down to the femtomolar range, which is one million times more sensitive than previous sensing technologies
Borophene is more conductive, thinner, lighter, stronger, and more flexible than graphene, the 2D version of carbon. Now, researchers have made the material potentially more useful by imparting chirality — or handedness — on it, which could make for advanced sensors and implantable medical devices. The chirality, induced via a method never before used on borophene, enables the material to interact in unique ways with different biological units such as cells and protein precursors
Researchers from Tohoku University and Kyoto University have successfully developed a DNA-based molecular controller that autonomously directs the assembly and disassembly of molecular robots. This pioneering technology marks a significant step toward advanced autonomous molecular systems with potential applications in medicine and nanotechnology
After announcing a ferroelectric semiconductor at the nanoscale thinness required for modern computing components, a University of Michigan team has demonstrated a reconfigurable transistor using that material. The study is featured in Applied Physics Letters
Advances in optical sensors and imaging technologies are ever more rapidly assimilated into how humans interact, understand themselves, and explore the world around them. The scope of inquiry for optical devices is broad and they enable technologies within, such as implanted transdermal bioMEMS devices, and beyond, or as space-flight surveyors deployed as near and deep space instruments. Central to the functionality of modern optical devices, ultra-narrow bandpass (UNBP) thin-film optical filters enable discrimination of sub-nanometer bands inside broad spectra. These filters, pioneered as NIR DWDM filters for the telecommunications industry, are now essential in extracting meaningful signal from imaging and sensing devices operating anywhere between the deep ultraviolet and the mid infra-red bands
University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, NY
Graphene has been called “the wonder material of the 21st century.” But graphene has a dirty little secret: it’s dirty. Now, engineers at Columbia University and colleagues at the University of Montreal and the National Institute of Standards and Technology are poised to clean things up with an oxygen-free chemical vapor deposition (OF-CVD) method that can create high-quality graphene samples at scale. Their work, published in Nature, directly demonstrates how trace oxygen affects the growth rate of graphene and identifies the link between oxygen and graphene quality for the first time
Membranes of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VaCNT) can be used to clean or desalinate water at high flow rate and low pressure. Recently, researchers of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and partners carried out steroid hormone adsorption experiments to study the interplay of forces in the small pores. They found that VaCNT of specific pore geometry and pore surface structure are suited for use as highly selective membranes. The research was published in Nature Communications
Innovators at NASA’s Glenn Research Center have made several breakthroughs in treating hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanomaterials, improving their properties to supplant carbon nanotubes in many applications. These inventors have greatly enhanced the processes of intercalation and exfoliation. Both processes are crucial in creating usable nanomaterials and tailoring them for specific engineered applications
Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara, Japan
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