Browse Topic: Product development

Items (4,082)
Software-defined vehicles are those whose functionalities and features are primarily governed by software, thus allowing continuous updates, upgrades, and the introduction of new capabilities throughout their lifecycle. This shift from hardware-centric to software-driven architectures is a major transformation that reshapes not only product development and operational strategies but also business models in the automotive industry. An SDV operating system provides the base platform to manage vehicle software and enable those advanced functionalities. Unlike traditional embedded or general-purpose operating systems, it is designed to meet the particular demands of modern automotive architectures. Reliability, safety, and security become crucial because even minor faults may have serious consequences. Key challenges to be handled by the SDV OS include how to handle software bugs, perform real-time processing, address functional safety and SOTIF compliance, adhere to regulations, minimize
Khan, Misbah UllahGupta, Vishal
As there is a major shift in customer demand for energy efficient transportation, electric vehicle development has taken prominence worldwide as they provide pollution free and noise free mobility. The subframe being an important structural component of the chassis system, the designers always find it challenging to provide best-in-class rear subframe (RSF) optimized in terms of cost and weight within the available packaging space especially in an electric sport vehicular boundary. The main function of rear subframe is to transmit forces to BIW without deflections hence for this it should be very stiff. At the same time, it should be light in weight and simpler to industrialize. In the present work, the design evolution of a novel sub-frame assembly for a multilink rear suspension of a born electric sports utility vehicle (e-SUV) platform is detailed. With increased rear axle weight contributed by the battery weight and rear mounted motor, the design evolution of the rear subframe (RSF
Nidasosi, Basavraj MarutiJ, RamkumarNayak, BhargavMani, ArunM, Sudhan
This study investigates the parameter optimization of a Rear Twist Beam (RTB) for an electric vehicle (EV) during the early stages of product development. Adapting an RTB design from an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicle platform presents several challenges, one of the challenges is accommodating increased rear vehicle load while minimizing cost, with maintaining existing rear hard points. To address this, we employed an experimental study for Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) using the Taguchi DOE, which avoids costly physical durability tests. The key design parameters considered were the thickness and material grade of the RTB's components, specifically the cross beam, trailing arms, and reinforcements while preserving their original shapes. L8 Orthogonal array is constructed to design the experiment and identify the influence of the design parameters on durability performance, and the optimal combinations for maximizing durability are identified by using TOPSIS multi objective
Madaswamy, ArunachalamDhanraj, SudharsunGovindaraju, KarthikLokaiah, Srinivasan
The intent of this report is to encourage that the thermal management system architecture be designed from a global platform perspective. Separate procurements for air vehicle, propulsion system, and avionics have contributed to the development of aircraft that are sub-optimized from a thermal management viewpoint. In order to maximize the capabilities of the aircraft for mission performance and desired growth capability, overall system efficiency and effectiveness should be considered. This document provides general information about aircraft Thermal Management System Engineering (TMSE). The document also discusses approaches to processes and methodologies for validation and verification of thermal management system engineering. Thermal integration between the air vehicle, propulsion system, and avionics can be particularly important from a thermal management standpoint. Due to these factors, this report is written to encourage the development of a more comprehensive system
AC-9 Aircraft Environmental Systems Committee
As electric vehicles (EVs) become more advanced, so ensuring the reliability of critical components like the motor and Motor Control Unit (MCU) is essential. This paper presents a digital twin model designed to predict failures in motor and MCU components using machine learning. The approach focuses on detecting early signs of failure through real-world data and advanced analytics. We collected thermal and performance data from field vehicles, capturing both normal (healthy) and abnormal (faulty) operating conditions. Using this dataset, we developed and trained an Auto Encoder-based machine learning model that learns what “normal” looks like and flags deviations as potential issues. One key outcome of this study is the successful early prediction of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) degradation, where the system identified subtle behavioral changes long before any visible failure symptoms appeared. This digital twin acts as a virtual replica of the physical components
Joshi, PawanPandey, SuchitKONDHARE, ManishUpadhyay, AbhayJaganMoahanarao, VanaTank, Prabhu
To develop a Test Method & Procedure for validating the Tractor clutch system performance & Wear simulation endurance test. Tractor clutch wear simulation test conducted along with transmission by operating clutch in different modes as per RWUP operation. In this test we can validate clutch field failures in short time with improved test accuracy at lab. In one of M&M technology project, Transmission Wet clutch system for higher HP tractors where we don’t have any dedicated test rig/methodology for validating Clutch wear & related failure simulation at lab
D, YashwanthRaja, RUdayakumar, SM, JeevaharanVijayakumar, Narayanan
The automotive wiring harness (length of 4-5 km) is a very important and complex system in the development of a modern car due to lot of new electric & electronic components and sensors. It is a very sensitive material unlike metals and is considered as a composite which is highly anisotropic in nature, as it consists of several different layers of copper/aluminum strands and insulation. Because of insulation, wiring harness exhibits viscous plastic behavior which is crucial in determining the durability and long-term performance of the cables. Material property has a crucial role in determining the behavior of wiring harness after assembly into the car. Wiring harness may undergo Bending, Torsion and Tension loads, causing the stress and strain in the individual electrical wires. The lack of CAE validation of the wiring harness routing may lead to extra costs for the automotive OEMs during product development. This study explains the novel method of Testing the Cables and Bundles
Beesetti, SivaKalkala Balakrishna, PrasadJames Aricatt, JohnShah, DipamTas, OnurKrogmann, Stephan
The explosive growth of electric vehicles (EVs) calls forth the need for smart battery management systems that can perform health monitoring and predictive diagnostics in real-time. The conventional battery modelling methods mostly do not cover the complicated, dynamic behaviors coming from different usage patterns. The study outlines a structure that would use Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based AI agent as a part of the Battery Electrical Analogy (BEA) simulation platform. With the help of the AI agent, different health parameters such as State of Health (SOH), State of Charge (SOC), and the signs of early thermal runaway can be predicted in real-time. The suggested design takes advantage of the simulation-based approach to have the agent learn and utilizes a decentralized cloud architecture suitable for scaling and reducing the response time. The RL agent performs an essential role in the process by tagging along with the continuous learning and the adjustment of the battery
Pardeshi, Rutuja RahulKondhare, ManishSasi Kiran, Talabhaktula
Today due to time to market requirements, Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) prefers platform modularity for Product Development in Automotive Domain. Money and time being main constraint we need to focus on single platform which can give flavors of different category just by changing Ride height and Tyre and some extra tunable. Taking this as challenge still tyre development for new variant demands lot of time and iterations which can lead to delays in time to market. This study provides a virtual development process using driver in loop Simulator and Multi body dynamics simulation which are real time capable and integrating physical tire models. The proposed alteration introduces ride height changes, weight distribution changes, and center of gravity changes from existing vehicle design. The proposed new vehicle variant also introduces tire change from highway terrain type to all-terrain type as it was intended to deliver some off-roading capabilities, thereby vehicle dynamics
Shrivastava, ApoorvAsthana, Shivam
The area of electric vehicles (EV) has fully arrived with almost every OEM enhancing electric vehicles in their portfolio. However, regarding its business potential numerous challenging engineering questions have risen. Especially vehicle NVH development needs to be rethought as masking noise from classical internal combustion engines (ICE) are gone. At the same time the frequency content of electric engines falls in the best human audible range, creating high potential for annoying tonal acoustic issues. With NVH design requirements now pushed up into the kilohertz range, many classic development strategies fail or lack efficiency. VIBES Technology’s answer to this challenge is what we call Hybrid Modular Modelling (HMM). This modelling strategy combines test-based and numerical simulation throughout the vehicle development cycle. Using best of both worlds, HMM allows accurate virtual (part / system) design and optimization on full vehicle level. Here HMM is based on the latest
Kohlhofer, DanielPingle, Pawan Sharadde Klerk, Dennis
The clutch is a mechanical device that connects and disconnects engine power to the drivetrain through the clutch disc and cover assemblies. The disc, with friction material linings is mounted on the transmission shaft, transmits power when clamped between the flywheel and cover assembly. During operation, wear occurs due to speed differences and slippage between the engine and transmission. Clutch performance is evaluated under repeat restart conditions on steep gradients to assess thermal durability and reliability in commercial vehicles. The repeat restart test on a 12% gradient replicates truck launches under full load, where excessive slippage generates heat that may lead to friction material wear or failure if critical temperature limits are exceeded. To address the high cost and time of physical testing, a 1D thermal simulation was developed using GT Suite. The model replicates 90 repeat vehicle launches on a 12% gradient in first gear, integrating driver inputs and drive cycles
Munisamy, SathishkumarChollangi, DamodarMane, Sudhir
In the evolving landscape of the automotive industry, this study presents an innovative approach to developing digital twins for driver profiles, establishing a standardized and scalable procedure for collecting and analyzing driving data on a global scale. The proposed methodology centers on the development of a robust cloud infrastructure, including Data Lake and associated services, designed for efficient storage and processing of large volumes of data from multiple markets and vehicle types. The research introduces an adaptable procedure for data collection campaigns, applicable to diverse global markets and encompassing a wide range of vehicles, from internal combustion engines to electric and hybrid models. A key feature of this approach is the establishment of advanced data decoding protocols, enabling precise interpretation of CAN network information from vehicles of different manufacturers and models, even when the CAN structure is not previously known. The study defines
Arturo, RubioMarín Saltó, AnnaDiaz, FranciscoOlivencia, Sergio
Thermal comfort is increasingly recognized as a vital component of the in-vehicle user experience, influencing both occupant satisfaction and perceived vehicle quality. At the core of this functionality is the Climate Control Module (CCM), a dedicated embedded Electronic Control Unit (ECU) within automotive HVAC system [6]. The CCM orchestrates temperature regulation, airflow distribution, and dynamic environmental adaptation based on sensor inputs and user preferences. This paper introduces a comprehensive Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) [3] testing framework to validate CCM performance under realistic and repeatable conditions. The framework eliminates the dependencies on physical input devices—such as the Climate Control Head (CCH) and Infotainment Head Unit (HU)—by implementing virtual interfaces using real-time controller, and Dynamic System modelling framework for plant models. These virtual components replicate the behaviour of physical systems, enabling closed loop testing with high
More, ShwetaShinde, VivekTurankar, DarshanaPatel, DafiyaGosavi, SantoshGhanwat, Hemant
Fatigue analysis is a vital aspect of suspension design, especially for load bearing components such as the Rear Twist Beam, where durability under cyclic loading is essential for long-term vehicle performance. Among the various durability tests, the roll fatigue test is a key procedure for validating suspension strength and reliability. However, conducting physical roll fatigue tests can be both expensive and time consuming, particularly when multiple design iterations are required. This not only increases cost but also extends the development timeline. This study presents a virtual simulation methodology that replicates roll fatigue test conditions within a finite element analysis environment, enabling early fatigue assessment and design optimization. Developed to support the early design phase, the roll fatigue test simulation process ensures robust designs that meet targeted fatigue life requirements. The approach begins with a detailed understanding of the physical roll fatigue
Kokare, SanjayNagapurkar, TejasIqbal, Shoaib
The traditional Battery Management System (BMS) faces certain limitations in fully utilizing battery capacity and performance during the long cycle life operation of Electric Vehicles (EVs). These constraints include limited real-time data collection, low processing speed, lack of predictive maintenance, and minimal accuracy in predicting health and degradation chemistry. A Battery Digital Twin (BDT) can effectively address these limitations of the BMS. Battery Digital Twins (BDT) can be viewed as a cyber-physical system comprising four key elements: virtual representation, bidirectional connection, Simulation, and connection across the life cycle phases of an EV battery. The performance of a Li-ion battery largely depends on the cathode chemistry, component design, and operating conditions. The battery should be manufactured in a manner (such as cylindrical or prismatic cell) that prevents explosion, leakage, and gas generation inside the battery. To enhance the performance and safety
Chaturvedi, VikashM, VenkatesanLanke, SiddhiSubramaniam, AnandKarle, ManishPandit, RugvedGupta, DrishtiKarle, Ujjwala Shailesh
The Vehicle software is moving towards software-centric architectures and hence software-defined vehicles. With this transition, there is a need to handle various challenges posed during development and validation. Some of the challenges include unavailability of hardware limiting the evaluation of various hardware options, board bring-up and hence leading to delays in software development targeted for the hardware, eventually leading to delayed validation cycles. To overcome the above challenges, we present in this whitepaper a virtual ECU (vECU) framework integrated with a CI/CD pipeline. A Virtual ECU (Electronic Control Unit) is a software-based emulation of a physical ECU. The adoption of virtual ECUs empowers development teams to commence software development prior to the availability of physical hardware. Multiple tools are available to demonstrate virtual ECUs, for example, QEMU, Synopsys, QNX Cabin, etc. vECU setup, when paired with a CI/CD pipeline, allows continuous
Singh, JyotsanaShaikh, ArshiyaMane, RahulBurangi, Piyush
With the fast development of computational analysis tools and capacities during the past ten years, complex and substantial computer-aided engineering (CAE) simulations are now economically possible. While the cost of crash tests has risen steadily, the fidelity and complexity, which numerical simulations could address, has multiplied keeping the cost of computational analysis more stable. The fundamental goal of CAE is to achieve significant reduction in the number of physical tests conducted during the product development process. However, validating the CAE model with physical tests is essential to ensure accuracy and reliability. Simulations performed using a validated CAE model could be used to make decisions like airbag deployment or high voltage shutdown without an actual physical test being conducted. This paper discusses validating an electric commercial vehicle CAE model during a side impact thus emphasizing the safety of a high voltage battery system. The critical parameters
Upendran, AnoopKnuth, JosephKrishnappa, GiriPunnaiappan, Arunsankar
Functional Mock-up Units (FMUs) have become a standard for enabling co-simulation and model exchange in vehicle development. However, traditional FMUs derived from physics-based models can be computationally intensive, especially in scenarios requiring real-time performance. This paper presents a Python-based approach for developing a Neural Network (NN) based FMU using deep learning techniques, aimed at accelerating vehicle simulation while ensuring high fidelity. The neural network was trained on vehicle simulation data and trained using Python frameworks such as TensorFlow. The trained model was then exported into FMU, enabling seamless integration with FMI-compliant platforms. The NN FMU replicates the thermal behavior of a vehicle with high accuracy while offering a significant reduction in computational load. Benchmark comparisons with a physical thermal model demonstrate that the proposed solution provides both efficiency and reliability across various driving conditions. The
Srinivasan, RangarajanAshok Bharde, PoojaMhetras, MayurChehire, Marc
Simulation-driven product development involves numerous computer aided engineering (CAE) model iterations, where each version represents a critical difference. Usually, these multiple model versions are generated by hundreds of simulation engineers working in teams distributed across the globe, making functional collaboration a key to effective product development. To manage vast amounts of CAE data generated by engineers working simultaneously on a project, it is imperative to have a robust version management system to track changes in the CAE data. A robust version management is the backbone of an effective simulation data management (SDM) system. It involves capturing and documenting model changes at every design iteration. Accurate documentation of the model changes is crucial as it helps in understanding the model evolution and collaboration among engineers. However, documenting is usually considered a boring and tedious task by many engineers. This often leads to bad change
Thiele, MarkoSharma, Harsh
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is radically transforming the automotive industry, particularly in the domain of passenger vehicles where personalization, safety, diagnostics, and efficiency. This paper presents an exploration of AI/ML applications through quadrant of the key pillars: Customer Experience (CX), Vehicle Diagnostics, Lifecycle Management, and Connected Technologies. Through detailed use cases, including AI-powered active suspension systems, intelligent fault code prioritization, and eco-routing strategies, we demonstrate how AI models such as machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision are reshaping both the user experience and engineering workflow of modern electric vehicles (EVs). This paper combines simulations, pseudo-algorithms and data-centric examples of the combined depth of functionality and deployment readiness of these technologies. In addition to technical effectiveness, the paper also discusses the challenges at field level in adopting AI at scale i.e
Hazra, SandipTangadpalliwar, SonaliKhan, Arkadip
The vertical dynamic stiffness and damping of a tyre are critical to ride comfort and overall dynamics, particularly for low-frequency excitations in urban and highway driving. As the tyres are the primary interface between the vehicle and the road, absorbing surface irregularities before the suspension engagement, precise tyre parametrization is essential for accurate ride models. This study investigates an experimental methodology characterizing the vertical dynamic behavior of pneumatic tyres using a Flat Trac test machine. Contrary to the conventional approaches that depend on intricate shaker rigs or frequency dependence function models, the proposed technique uses a realistic force displacement loop-based methodology which is appropriate for ride models. Dynamic stiffness is computed from slope of a linear regression fitted to force and displacements during vertical sinusoidal excitation. Damping is derived from hysteresis energy loss per cycle. The tests were conducted under
Duryodhana, DasariSethumadhavan, ArjunTomer, AvinashGhosh, PrasenjitMukhopadhyay, Rabindra
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