Browse Topic: Brake master cylinders

Items (101)
Intelligent vehicle-to-everything connectivity is an important development trend in the automotive industry. Among various active safety systems, Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) has garnered widespread attention due to its outstanding performance in reducing traffic accidents. AEB effectively avoids or mitigates vehicle collisions through automatic braking, making it a crucial technology in autonomous driving. However, the majority of current AEB safety models exhibit limitations in braking modes and fail to fully consider the overall vehicle stability during braking. To address these issues, this paper proposes an improved AEB control system based on a risk factor (AERF). The upper-level controller introduces the risk factor (RF) and proposes a multi-stage warning/braking control strategy based on preceding vehicle dynamic characteristics, while also calculating the desired acceleration. Furthermore, a lower-level PID-based controller is designed to track the desired acceleration
Guo, ShaozhongGuo, JunZhang, YunqingWu, Jinglai
The braking system in a vehicle is one of the most important systems, which provides safety and control of the vehicle to the drivers. In this braking system the calipers play a crucial part of transferring the force of the master cylinder to the disc and stopping the vehicle. This caliper is of many types and variants. In which we are presenting a study on the design and analysis of a double piston floating caliper which will be used in BAJA vehicle. This double piston caliper is designed for the replacement of OEM calipers which are in use, which have many drawbacks. The designing of the caliper is done using Solidworks 2022 and the analysis is done with the help of Altair Hyperworks. Finite element analysis (FEA) is employed to simulate stress distribution within the caliper structure and predict potential failure points, contributing to the caliper's reliability and durability. This double piston floating caliper offers a greater braking performance than the other used calipers as
CHIRANJEEV SANJAY, P.Ravi Kumar, L.Gananathji Naveen, Kishore S.Rikesh, T.
For cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) system, a robust following control algorithm based on fuzzy PID principle is adopted in this paper. Firstly, a nonlinear vehicle dynamics model considering the lag of driving force and acceleration constraints was established. Then, with the vehicle’s control hierarchic, the upper controller takes the relative speed between vehicles and the spacing error as inputs to output the following vehicle's target acceleration, while the lower controller takes the target acceleration as inputs and the throttle opening and brake master cylinder pressure as outputs. For the setting of target spacing, this paper additionally considers the relative speed between vehicles and the acceleration of the front vehicle. Through testing, compared with the traditional variable safety distance model, the average distance reduces by 5.43% when leading vehicle is accelerating, while increases by 2.74% in deceleration. For the fixed-speed cruise mode, a set of logic
Zhu, MingyangTan, Gangfeng
As the basic function of the active safety configuration of a vehicle, the anti-lock braking system will compromise the driving safety if it fails. Based on the self-designed electro-hydraulic braking system, this article proposes an anti-lock brake redundant control architecture. The electro-hydraulic braking system is mainly composed of four parts: a brake pedal unit, a hydraulic drive unit, a brake execution unit, and a control unit. The mechanical structure is compact and exquisite, and the system has the function of precise and adjustable hydraulic pressure. The control architecture adopts a hierarchical control design, which is mainly composed of an upper wheel slip rate controller and a lower hydraulic pressure controller. Both the upper and lower controllers use a sliding mode variable structure control to improve the robustness and accuracy of the control. The upper slip rate controller outputs the desired master cylinder hydraulic pressure with the optimum slip rate of the
Liu, YipingPei, XiaofeiGuo, Xuexun
This SAE standard applies to self-propelled driver operated sweepers and scrubbers as defined in SAE J2130-1
MTC2, Sweeper, Cleaner, and Machinery
This SAE Recommended Practice provides basic recommendations for dispensing and handling of SAE J1703 and SAE J1704 Brake Fluids by Service Maintenance Personnel to assure their safe and effective performance when installed in or added to motor vehicle hydraulic brake actuating systems. This document is concerned only with brake fluid and those system parts in contact with it. It describes general maintenance procedures that constitute good practice and that should be employed to help assure a properly functioning brake system. Recommendations that promote safety are emphasized. Specific step-by-step service instructions for brake maintenance on individual makes or models are neither intended nor implied. For these, one should consult the vehicle manufacturer’s service brake maintenance procedures for the particular vehicle. Vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations should always be followed
Brake Fluids Standards Committee
This article describes experimental research results of the inductive sensor of the electropneumatic clutch control system for the mechanical transmission. Inductive sensors are used to determine the position of the car body, the position of the controls and the position of the rod of the clutch control actuator. The design of the clutch pedal position sensor is proposed, which can be brought into line with the master cylinder to unify the clutch control systems. Complete unification of the automated electropneumatic clutch control system for trucks will allow creating modifications in which it is possible to completely abandon the use of brake fluid in the drive, which will improve the ergonomic and environmental performance of the vehicle. The advantages of such sensors are the ability to receive a signal in digital form without additional converters, the ability to work using only two wires, no contact between moving parts, resistance to aggressive environments and compact size. The
Mikhalevich, Mykola GrygorovychOleksandr, DziubenkoLeontiev, DmitryBogomolov, ViktorKlimenko, ValeriyYarita, AlexandrChevychelova, Olena
The fully decoupled brake by wire system is a complex system consisting of mechanical components such as springs and rubber and hydraulic structural components coupled together. Compared to conventional braking systems, it is characterized by the full decoupling of the brake pedal from the brake wheel cylinders in normal braking mode, and the pressure fluctuations in the wheel cylinders do not affect the pedal feel. In order to predict brake pedal feel in a passenger car, a dynamic model was developed for both normal and backup braking modes, taking into account the variation of the volume modulus of the brake fluid and the frictional forces of the master cylinder pistons. The influence of different pedal input speeds on the pedal feel characteristic curve was analyzed using static vehicle tests and the related parameters of the braking system were identified in order to correct the design data. Subsequently, a dynamic test of the vehicle pedal feel was conducted to establish a
Yin, FaguoWang, MinghuiJiang, YongfengKang, Yingzi
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides a system of graphic symbols and line codings that are intended primarily for usage in hydraulic and pneumatic system schematic diagrams for all types of aircraft
A-6 Aerospace Actuation, Control and Fluid Power Systems
A new type of electric brake booster, which can control brake pedal feeling completely with software, has been developed to explore how a brake system can be used to differentiate and personalize vehicles. In the future, vehicles may share an increasing amount of hardware and rely more heavily on software to differentiate between models. Car sharing, vehicle subscriptions, and other new business models may create a new emphasis on the personalization of vehicles that may be achieved most cost effectively by using software. This new brake booster controls the brake pedal force and brake pressure independently based on the brake pedal stroke so that the pedal feeling is completely defined by software. The booster uses two electric motors and one master cylinder. One electric motor controls the pedal force and provides an assist force that amplifies the force that the driver applies to the brake pedal. The second electric motor moves the master cylinder piston independently of the brake
Kakizoe, KentaBull, Marshall
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides information on the parking brake system design for a variety of aircraft including part 23, 25, 27, and 29. The document includes a discussion of key technical issues with parking brakes. This document does NOT provide recommended practices for parking brake system design
A-5A Wheels, Brakes and Skid Controls Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines impulse test procedures that are recommended for hydraulic components
A-6 Aerospace Actuation, Control and Fluid Power Systems
This document establishes best practices to measure vehicle stopping distance on dry or wet asphalt in a straight path of travel intended for the purpose of publishing stopping distance by manufacturers and media organizations for vehicles with original equipment tires. It is recommended that the test method within be adopted for all vehicles less than 4536 kg (10000 pounds) GVWR. This procedure is typically used with initial speeds of 100 km/h and 60 mph, but other speeds may be used. Since tires play a significant role in stopping distance, this procedure covers tire types typically used as original equipment on new vehicles including all-season, summer, and all-terrain tires. This document may serve as a procedural guideline for all tire types, but the surface temperature correction formulas in this procedure were developed using all-season tires and may not be applicable to other tire types
Highway Tire Committee
The current document is a part of an effort of the Active Safety Systems Committee, Active Safety Systems Sensors Task Force whose objectives are to: a Identify the functionality and performance you could expect from active safety sensors b Establish a basic understanding of how sensors work c Establish a basic understanding of how sensors can be tested d Describe an exemplar set of acceptable requirements and tests associated with each technology e Describe the key requirements/functionality for the test targets f Describe the unique characteristics of the targets or tests This document will cover items (a) and (b
Active Safety Systems Standards Committee
Brake pedal feel plays an important role in the driver's comprehensive subjective feeling when braking, which directly affects the active safety and riding comfort of passenger car. A systematical mathematical model of the vehicle brake system is built in according with the structure and system characteristics of hydraulic servo brake system. A complete hydraulic servo brake system simulation model composed of brake pedal, vacuum booster, brake master cylinder, brake pipe, brake wheel cylinders, brake calipers is established in AMESim. The effects of rubber reaction plate stiffness, rubber valve opening, brake master cylinder piston, brake caliper, brake pipe deformation and friction liner deformation on brake pedal feel are considered in this model. The accuracy of this model is verified by real road vehicle tests under static and dynamic two different conditions. The influence of six structural parameters of vacuum booster, brake pipe and brake caliper on brake pedal feel are
Pan, HaoGuo, XuexunPei, XiaofeiDong, Xingzhi
To assess the strength and durability for hydraulic brake components as a function of test conditions. These conditions may include: braking torque, hill-holding, braking forces, hydraulic pressure, brake temperatures, environmental and corrosion effects, vibration, and time. This RP includes a systematic reference to other test methods and provides new test methods for durability life prediction based on the VDA 311 for operating strength for brake calipers. When using AK load collectives from vehicle testing for life prediction, the nominal vehicle life corresponds to 300000 km. Braking torques and forces take into account inputs from non-ABS, ABS, EPB, and ESC systems. It also applies to gasoline, diesel, hybrid, and electric vehicles. This RP applies to vehicles below 4540 kg of GVWR. With the appropriate engineering review and assessment for a given test program, this RP can apply (or be used) to scale the duty cycle (or special collective) to reflect regional, on-road special
Hydraulic Brake Components Standards Committee
This report details continuing work examining the fatigue life durability of a US Army Trailer. This report describes, through example, a process to evaluate and reduce the experimental data needed for a Mechanical Systems Physics-of-Failure analysis. In addition the report describes the process used to validate the computer simulation models
G-41 Reliability
A program of integrated electro-hydraulic braking system is proposed, and its structural composition and working principle are analyzed. According to the structural and mechanical characteristics of all key components, through some reasonable assumptions and simplifications, a motor, a brake master cylinder, four brake wheel cylinders, solenoid valves and an ESP (Electronic Stability Program) algorithm model is set up and simulations of typical braking conditions are carried out based on the Matlab/Simulink. Finally, after the assembly of each sub-model is complete and combining a vehicle which is set up in CarSim software environment, simulation tests and comprehensive performance analysis of the active safety stability control for a vehicle in double lane change and single lane change situations are carried out respectively. According to the dynamic characteristic curves of system, the effects of different structural and control parameters on braking performance are analyzed. To
Li, JingYang, XiongMiao, HuiShi, Zheng Tang
The SAE Recommended Practice specifies a standardize method and test procedure to measure low pressure differential (< 1bar) brake component brake fluid flow performance. The standard can be utilized for flow measurements across hydraulic brake components such as master cylinders, apply system to chassis controls piping, or other sources of flow restriction in the low pressure side of the hydraulic brake system. It covers materials, manufacturing processes, and general properties required to meet the wide range of service encountered in automotive application. This specification covers only low pressure differential fluid flow and does not include measurement recommended practice for High Pressure differential (> 1 bar) flows
Hydraulic Brake Components Standards Committee
This SAE Standard covers performance requirements and methods of test for master cylinder reservoir diaphragm gaskets that will provide a functional seal and protection from outside dirt and water
Hydraulic Brake Components Standards Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice provides basic recommendations for dispensing and handling of SAE J1703 and SAE J1704 Brake Fluids by Service Maintenance Personnel to assure their safe and effective performance when installed in or added to motor vehicle hydraulic brake actuating systems. This document is concerned only with brake fluid and those system parts in contact with it. It describes general maintenance procedures that constitute good practice and that should be employed to help assure a properly functioning brake system. Recommendations that promote safety are emphasized. Specific step-by-step service instructions for brake maintenance on individual makes or models are neither intended nor implied. For these, one should consult the vehicle manufacturer’s service brake maintenance procedures for the particular vehicle. Vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations should always be followed
Brake Fluids Standards Committee
This report details continuing work examining the fatigue life durability of a US Army Trailer. This report describes, through example, a process to evaluate and reduce the experimental data needed for a Mechanical Systems Physics-of-Failure analysis. In addition the report describes the process used to validate the computer simulation models
Ground Vehicle Reliability Committee
This document establishes best practices to measure vehicle stopping distance on dry asphalt in a straight path of travel intended for the purpose of publishing stopping distance by manufacturers and media organizations. It is recommended that the test method within be adopted for all vehicles less than 10 000 lb (4536 kg) GVWR. This procedure is typically used with initial speeds of 100 km/h and 60 mph, but other speeds may be used
Highway Tire Committee
This SAE standard covers motor vehicle brake fluids of the nonpetroleum type for use in the braking system of any motor vehicle such as a passenger car, truck, bus, or trailer. This standard covers different levels of performance properties compared to the SAE J1703 and SAE J1705 documents on brake fluids. These fluids are not intended for use under arctic conditions or in braking systems requiring the use of mineral oil based hydraulic fluid. These fluids are designed for use in braking systems fitted with rubber cups and seals made from styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), or a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a diene (EPDM
Brake Fluids Standards Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice was prepared by the Motor Vehicle Brake Fluids Subcommittee of the SAE Hydraulic Brake Actuating Systems Committee to provide engineers, designers, and manufacturers of motor vehicles with a set of minimum performance standards in order to assess the suitability of silicone and other low water tolerant type brake fluids (LWTF) for use in motor vehicle brake systems. These fluids are designed for use in braking systems fitted with rubber cups and seals made from natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), or a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a diene (EPDM). In the development of the recommended requirements and test procedures contained herein, it is concluded that the LWTFs must be functionally compatible with existing motor vehicle brake fluids conforming to SAE J1703 and with braking systems designed for such fluids. To utilize LWTFs to the fullest advantage, they should not be mixed with other brake fluids. Inadvertent mixtures of LWTFs
Brake Fluids Standards Committee
This specification covers the brake system design requirements for aircraft equipped with wheel-type landing gear
A-5A Wheels, Brakes and Skid Controls Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice presents requirements for the structural integrity of the brake system of all new trucks, buses, and combinations of vehicles designed for roadway use and falling into the following classifications: a Truck and Bus—Over 4500 kg (10 000 lb) GVWR b Combination Vehicles—Towing vehicle over 4500 kg (10 000 lb) GVWR The requirements are based on data obtained from SAE J294
Truck and Bus Foundation Brake Committee
This SAE standard applies to self-propelled driver operated sweepers and scrubbers as defined in SAE J2130
MTC2, Sweeper, Cleaner, and Machinery
This document specifies minimum performance and durability requirements for satisfactory vehicle usage, and it is applicable to wheel cylinder assemblies from commercial production, after production shipment, shelf storage, and remanufacture (factory rebuild
Hydraulic Brake Components Standards Committee
This SAE Standard specifies the performance test procedures and requirements of a plastic reservoir assembly suitable for use on a Hydraulic Brake Master Cylinder (reference SAE J1153). Intended usage is for on-road vehicles using brake fluid conforming to FMVSS 116 (DOT 3), SAE J1703, and SAE J1704 specifications. This document includes the cap/cover and diaphragm as integral parts of the reservoir assembly. The fluid level sensor (FLS) is also included as an integral part of the assembly. However, additional FLS standards and/or requirements are applicable and necessary which are not covered in this document
Hydraulic Brake Components Standards Committee
This SAE Information Report is the listing of recommendations for shelf storage for hydraulic brake components. Included in brake components are wheel cylinders, master cylinders, combination valves, and disc brake caliper assemblies. This document is not a specification. This document embodies the analyses and experiences of many users and manufacturers. Where specific manufacturers' recommendations are made, those recommendations shall supersede the recommendations of this document. This document lists the successful procedures and practices associated with brake components based on long experience of a wide cross section of manufacturers and users. The practices are expected to be applied to all brake components where SAE standards are applicable
Hydraulic Brake Components Standards Committee
This SAE Standard documents dimensional metric specifications for hydraulic brake system tubing with flared ends, threaded ports, and male tube nuts for the interconnection of major components in automotive hydraulic brake systems. The purpose of this document is to recommend preferred metrically dimensioned components (including alternative choices), that are intended to be functionally compatible with International Organization for Standardization Specification, ISO 4038. Some applications may require sizes of forms other than those shown herein, and this document does not preclude such other details when they are required
Automotive Brake and Steering Hose Standards Comm
This SAE standard applies to self-propelled driver operated sweepers and scrubbers as defined in SAE J2130
MTC2, Sweeper, Cleaner, and Machinery
This SAE Recommended Practice provides basic recommendations for dispensing and handling of SAE J1703 and J1704 Brake Fluids by Service Maintenance Personnel to assure their safe and effective performance when installed in or added to motor vehicle hydraulic brake actuating systems. This document is concerned only with brake fluid and those system parts in contact with it. It describes general maintenance procedures that constitute good practice and that should be employed to help assure a properly functioning brake system. Recommendations that promote safety are emphasized. Specific step-by-step service instructions for brake maintenance on individual makes or models are neither intended nor implied. For these, one should consult the vehicle manufacturer’s service brake maintenance procedures for the particular vehicle. Vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations should always be followed
Brake Fluids Standards Committee
This SAE Standard applies to direct acting hydraulic power assist brake boosters only, of the type which provide “push through” manual braking of the static brake circuit(s) via a separate master cylinder, in event of inoperative power assistance similar to existing vacuum boosters (SAE J1808), for passenger cars and light trucks [4500 kg GVW (10 000 lb
Hydraulic Brake Components Standards Committee
This SAE Standard covers motor vehicle brake fluids of the nonpetroleum type for use in the braking system of any motor vehicle such as a passenger car, truck, bus, or trailer. These fluids are not intended for use under arctic conditions. These fluids are designed for use in braking systems fitted with rubber cups and seals made from natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), or a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a diene (EPDM
Brake Fluids Standards Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice was prepared to provide engineers, designers, and manufacturers of motor vehicles with a set of minimum performance standards which covers the next level of performance properties above those of the present SAE J1703 brake fluid standard. These fluids are not intended for use under arctic conditions or in braking systems requiring the use of mineral oil based hydraulic fluid. These fluids are designed for use in braking systems fitted with rubber cups and seals made from natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), or a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a diene (EPDM). These fluids are not designed to operate in a pumped or a clutch braking system, especially those hydraulic systems requiring a mineral oil based fluid
Brake Fluids Standards Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice presents requirements for the structural integrity of the brake system of all new trucks, buses, and combinations of vehicles designed for roadway use and falling into the following classifications: a Truck and Bus—Over 4500 kg (10 000 lb) GVWR b Combination of Vehicles—Towing vehicle over 4500 kg (10 000 lb) GVWR The requirements are based on data obtained from SAE J294 JAN93
Truck and Bus Foundation Brake Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes an inertia dynamometer test procedure, using exemplar caliper disc or drum brakes, to characterize the effectiveness of brake friction products for passenger cars and light trucks, up to and including 3500 kg GVW. SAE J2430 provides a method of characterizing friction material effectiveness, using vehicle specific brake hardware and test conditions that approximate those for U.S. mandated new vehicle brake tests
Brake Dynamometer Standards Committee
This SAE Information Report is the listing of recommendations for shelf storage for hydraulic brake components. Included in brake components are wheel cylinders, master cylinders, combination valves, and disc brake caliper assemblies. This document is not a specification. This document embodies the analyses and experiences of many users and manufacturers. Where specific manufacturers' recommendations are made, those recommendations shall supersede the recommendations of this document. This document lists the successful procedures and practices associated with brake components based on long experience of a wide cross section of manufacturers and users. The practices are expected to be applied to all brake components where SAE standards are applicable
Hydraulic Brake Components Standards Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes a uniform laboratory dynamometer method of testing all classes of passenger car brake systems
Brake Dynamometer Standards Committee
These specifications cover molded cups 51 mm (2 in) in diameter and under, compounded from high temperature resistant rubber for use in hydraulic actuating cylinders employing motor vehicle brake fluid conforming to the requirements specified in SAE J1703 and SAE J1705. These specifications cover the performance tests of hydraulic brake cups under specified conditions and do not include requirements relating to chemical composition, tensile strength, and elongation of the rubber compound. Disc brake seals are not covered by this document
Hydraulic Brake Components Standards Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice was prepared by the Motor Vehicle Brake Fluids Subcommittee of the SAE Hydraulic Brake Actuating Systems Committee to provide engineers, designers, and manufacturers of motor vehicles with a set of minimum performance standards in order to assess the suitability of silicone and other low water tolerant type brake fluids (LWTF) for use in motor vehicle brake systems. These fluids are designed for use in braking systems fitted with rubber cups and seals made from natural rubber (NR), styrenebutadiene rubber (SBR), or a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a diene (EPDM). In the development of the recommended requirements and test procedures contained herein, it is concluded that the LWTFs must be functionally compatible with existing motor vehicle brake fluids conforming to SAE J1703 and with braking systems designed for such fluids. To utilize LWTFs to the fullest advantage, they should not be mixed with other brake fluids. Inadvertent mixtures of LWTFs
Brake Fluids Standards Committee
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