Browse Topic: Test procedures
This specification covers a synthetic rubber in the form of sheet, strip, tubing, extrusions, and molded shapes. This specification should not be used for molded rings, compression seals, O-ring cords, and molded in place gaskets for aeronautical and aerospace applications without complete consideration of the end use prior to the selection this material.
Weather-strip sealing systems are critical to automotive closure performance, influencing water- and dust-tightness, aerodynamic noise control, and overall NVH quality. Conventional validation often relies on flat or straight JIG-based tests that inadequately represent the curved, angled, and non-uniform geometries of real closures such as doors, tailgates, hoods, roofs, and fixed or movable glass. This disparity limits the predictive accuracy of sealing performance in actual vehicles. This study proposes a vehicle-integrated validation framework that mirrors true geometric and contact conditions. The methodology combines finite element analysis (FEA) of both flat JIG and full-vehicle CAD geometries with experimental JIG tests, establishing a baseline for pressure distribution, compression load, and sealing contact behavior. A comparative analysis highlights significant deviations between flat-section predictions and vehicle-specific closure profiles. Results demonstrate that the
Electric vehicles (EVs) face unique safety challenges under pole side impact conditions, largely due to the presence of floor-mounted battery packs. Existing regulatory test procedures, such as FMVSS 214, primarily address occupant injury using full-height cylindrical obstacles. These procedures were originally developed for internal combustion vehicles (ICVs). However, real-world roadside crashes frequently involve obstacles of varying heights, such as guardrails, curbs, and median bases. While these obstacles pose limited risk to the passenger compartment, they can intrude into the battery pack and trigger thermal runaway. This study investigates the influence of obstacle height on EV pole side impacts. Finite element simulations of a commercially available sedan were conducted against rigid obstacles of different heights. Results reveal a non-monotonic trend of battery intrusion governed by the interplay between rollover dynamics and structural stiffness. Theoretical analyses were
This SAE Standard applies to mobile, construction-type lifting cranes utilizing cantilevered boom crane structures and associated jibs (see Figure 1).
This test method outlines a standard procedure for performing cyclic reversing load testing on oscillating sliding bearings. The wear data from these tests is to be used for qualification requirements and to establish bearing design criteria.
This document provides vehicle-level data collection, data analysis, and data verification procedures that may be used to verify that an instrument under test (IUT) satisfies the vehicle-level requirements specified in the SAE International (SAE) J2945/1 standard. For the purposes of this recommended practice, “vehicle-level requirements” primarily consist of those requirements which can be verified external to the vehicle. The IUT for these procedures is a configured dedicated short range communications (DSRC) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) device as defined in SAE J2945/1 and is installed on a light vehicle. While the IUT is conceptually separated from the vehicle it is installed on, the tests outlined in this document are primarily vehicle-level so the terms “vehicle” and “IUT” can generally be considered interchangeable. Additionally, non-vehicle-level complementary tests, not included in this document, are required to verify that the entire set of requirements specified in SAE J2945/1
This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all heat exchangers used in vehicle and industrial cooling systems. This document outlines the tests to determine the heat transfer and pressure drop performance of heat exchangers under specified conditions. This document has been reviewed and revised by adding several clarifying statements to Section 4.
This SAE lab recommended practice may be applied to corrosion test methods such as salt spray, filiform, Corrosion creep back, etc. This procedure is intended to permit corrosion testing to be assessed between Laboratories for correlation purposes.
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is written for individuals associated with the ground-level testing of large and small gas turbine engines and particularly for those who might be interested in constructing new or adding to existing engine test cell facilities.
This SAE Recommended Practice provides minimum performance requirements and uniform procedures for fatigue testing of wheels intended for normal highway use and temporary use on passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles. For heavy truck wheels and wheels intended to be used as duals, refer to SAE J267. For wheels used on trailers drawn by passenger cars, light trucks, or multipurpose vehicles, refer to SAE J1204. These minimum performance requirements apply only to wheels made of materials included in Tables 1 to 4. The minimum cycles noted in Tables 1 through 4 are to be used on individual test and a sample of tests conducted, with Weibull Statistics using two parameter, median ranks, 50% confidence level, and 90% reliability, typically noted as B10C50.
The purpose of this test is to evaluate the axial strength of the nut seat of wheels intended for use on passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles. In addition, a minimum contact area is recommended to ensure enough strength for the rotational force in tightening a nut against the nut seat. While this test ensures the minimum strength of the nut seat, the wheel must also have a degree of flexibility. This flexibility, as well as bolt tension, are important to maintain wheel retention.
This document establishes a standardized test method designed to provide stakeholders—including runway deicing/anti-icing product manufacturers, users, regulators, and airport authorities—with a means of evaluating the relative ice penetration capacity of runway deicing and anti-icing products over time. The method measures ice penetration as a function of time, thereby enabling comparative assessments under controlled conditions. While commonly applied to runway treatments, these products may also be used on taxiways and other paved surfaces. The test is not intended to provide a direct measurement of the theoretical or extended ice penetration time of liquid or solid deicing/anti-icing products. Instead, it offers a practical and reproducible basis for performance evaluation, supporting operational decision-making and regulatory compliance.
Automotive OEMs can derive significant cost savings by reducing the quantity of physical crash tests and thereby accelerate product development, when they follow the Euro NCAP Virtual Testing procedure. It helps in optimizing the overall vehicle development process via more efficient simulations, as well as facilitates in early adoption of new safety regulations. In this pursuit, companies must comply with strict Euro NCAP requirements, which includes transparency and traceability of virtual tests. A major challenge therein is model validation – which requires highly precise detailing and extensive use of data for accurately replicating real physics of the problem. Deploying these workflows into an existing simulation process can be a complicated and time-consuming task, particularly when integrating various simulation and testing methods. A powerful simulation process and data management system (SPDM) can thereby assist companies to automate their entire simulation process, ensures
Electric motor benchmarking is often constrained by limited availability of motor-specific data, particularly when dealing with commercially available or third-party electric motors. This paper presents a streamlined and scalable methodology for characterizing unknown E-Motors using a configurable universal inverter platform. The proposed approach is specifically designed for OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers seeking to evaluate performance metrics such as torque accuracy, peak and continuous capability, efficiency, and control behavior—without prior access to key motor parameters or simulation data. A central challenge in this context is the stepwise electromagnetic characterization required to determine the phase current needed for accurate speed and torque control, especially under a Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) or Maximum Torque per Watt (MTPW) strategy. As this requirement is highly dependent on the motor’s topology and electromagnetic properties, most conventional approaches rely on
Nowadays, digital instrument clusters and modern infotainment systems are crucial parts of cars that improve the user experience and offer vital information. It is essential to guarantee the quality and dependability of these systems, particularly in light of safety regulations such as ISO 26262. Nevertheless, current testing approaches frequently depend on manual labor, which is laborious, prone to mistakes, and challenging to scale, particularly in agile development settings. This study presents a two-phase framework that uses machine learning (ML), computer vision (CV), and image processing techniques to automate the testing of infotainment and digital cluster systems. The NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano Developer Kit and high-resolution cameras are used in Phase 1's open loop testing setup to record visual data from infotainment and instrument cluster displays. Without requiring input from the system being tested, this phase concentrates on both static and dynamic user interface analysis
The automotive industry is rapidly evolving with technologies such as vehicle electrification, autonomous driving, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), and active suspension systems. Testing and validating these technologies under India’s diverse and complex road conditions is a major challenge. Physical testing alone is often impractical due to variability in road surfaces, traffic patterns, and environmental conditions, as well as safety constraints. Virtual testing using high-fidelity digital twins of road corridors offers an effective solution for replicating real-world conditions in a controlled environment. This paper highlights the representation of Indian road corridors as digital twins in ASAM OpenDRIVE and OpenCRG formats, emphasizing the critical elements required for realistic simulation of vehicle, tire, and ADAS performance. The digital twin incorporates detailed 3D road profiles (X-Y-Z coordinates), capturing the geometry and surface variations of Indian roads. The
The HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air conditioning) system is designed to fulfil the thermal comfort requirement inside a vehicle cabin. Human thermal comfort primarily depends upon an occupant’s physiological and environmental condition. Vehicle AC performance is evaluated by mapping air velocity and local air temperature at various places inside the cabin. There is a need to have simulation methodology for cabin heating applications for cold climate to assess ventilation system effectiveness considering thermal comfort. Thermal comfort modelling involves human manikin modeling, cabin thermal model considering material details and environmental conditions using transient CAE simulation. Present study employed with LBM (Lattice-Boltzmann Method) based PowerFLOW solver coupled with finite element based PowerTHERM solver to simulate the cabin heat up. Human thermal comfort needs physiological modelling; thus, the in-built Berkeley human comfort library is used in simulation. Human
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