Browse Topic: Spark ignition engines
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The article presents the results of simulation studies of pollutant emissions from passenger cars. The characteristics of emissions were determined using the vehicle driving test procedures, in consideration of differentiated average velocities as well as model traffic conditions: urban traffic jam, urban traffic with no congestion, rural, motorways, and highways. This article also presented the possibility of determining the characteristics of pollutant emission based on a singular realization of the vehicle velocities processes, as well as the intensity of pollutant emission, with the use of the Monte Carlo method. The pollutant emission characteristics enable specification of pollutant emission intensity, which can be used for the inventory of pollutant emissions from road transport (COPERT software applied as standard) and can be useful in the assessment of a degree of environmental hazard by modeling pollutant dispersion. In this article, the results related to pollutant emission
Heavy duty engines for long-haul trucks are quite difficult to electrify, due to the large amount of energy that should be stored on-board to achieve a range comparable to that of conventional fuels. In particular, this paper considers a stock engine with a displacement of 12.9 L, developed by the manufacturer in two different versions. As a standard diesel, the engine is able to deliver about 420 kW at 1800 rpm, whereas in the compressed natural gas configuration the maximum power output is 330 kW, at the same speed. Three possible alternatives to these fossil fuels are considered in this study: biodiesel (HVOlution by Eni), bio-methane and green hydrogen. While the replacement of diesel and compressed natura gas with biofuels does not need significant hardware modifications, the implementation of a hydrogen spark ignition combustion system requires a deep revision of the engine concept. For a more straightforward comparison among the alternative fuels, the same engine platform has
When an SI engine is equipped with individual cylinder pressure transducers, combustion timing of each cylinder can be precisely controlled by adjusting spark timing in real-time. In this paper, a novel method based on principal component analysis (PCA) is introduced to control the combustion timing with a significantly less computational burden than a conventional method
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