Browse Topic: Fuel tanks

Items (977)
Slosh, a phenomenon occurring in a vehicle's tank during movement, significantly contributes to noise and vibration, often exceeding idle levels. Existing methods for evaluating NVH performance of fuel tanks primarily rely on subjective assessment, highlighting the need for a quantifiable approach to address this dynamic noise. This paper introduces a hybrid methodology to standardize the slosh phenomenon by establishing vehicle-level acceleration, braking, and driving profiles. Noise and vibration data capture, combined with defined boundary conditions, categorizes slosh noise into Impact and Roll noise, differentiated by distinct driving profiles and frequency content. Vehicle level performance is then cascaded down to subsystem level. A dedicated test rig is designed that replicates these conditions at the subsystem level where vehicle speed and braking profiles are translated into rig-specific acceleration and deceleration profiles, enabling consistent data capture for correlation
Titave, Uttam VasantZalaki, NitinVardhanan K, Aravindha VishnuNaidu, SudhakaraVirmani, Nishant
ABSTRACT Military vehicle survivability can be enhanced by implementing Lightweight Fuel Tanks with an Engineered Self-Sealing and Energy Absorbing solution. A thin walled plastic or aluminum fuel tank with an outer self-sealing protection coating and a properly installed ballistic baffle provide increased sealing performance as compared to amour protected fuel tank. Design features include reduced weight penalty, survivability, self-sealing against kinetic energy threats, maximum fuel in space claim, flexible design, and low tooling charges. Citation: Stuck, LW, “Self Sealing Fuel Tanks in Vehicles Without Armor”, In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 10-12, 2021
Stuck, Larry
The continuously increasing demand for Battery Electric Vehicles, together with the customer requirement for higher ranges poses new challenges on the battery pack design. Drawing inspiration from aerospace design principles, wherein fuel tanks are integrated structurally into airframes to save weight and increase efficiency, structural battery packs are also experiencing growing use in the automotive field. In fact, when a structural battery pack is considered, significant weight savings can be achieved, potentially extending the vehicle range. Additionally, this weight saving could be further exploited to increase the battery pack size with respect to a non-structural battery pack, further enhancing the vehicle range without adding extra weight. To address the complexity of integrating structural battery packs, Finite Element simulations are typically adopted to evaluate battery pack integrity and estimate its contribution to the structural behaviour of the overall vehicle. However
Mangeruga, ValerioRenso, FabioSassetti, RiccardoGiacopini, Matteo
The recommended practices of this document are intended for optical devices and associated optical cables and connectors installed inside transport category aircraft or environments of equivalent ignitability. This document covers optical radiation in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 10 μm. As explained in this document, wavelengths below this range are capable of igniting fuel-air mixtures through an ignition mechanism not considered at this issue of ARP7977. Use of wavelengths outside the range 380 nm to 10 μm should be discussed with the relevant Certification Authority
AE-5A Aerospace Fuel, Inerting and Lubrication Sys Committee
This specification covers polythioether rubber fuel-resistant sealing compounds supplied as a two-component system that cures at room temperature
AMS G9 Aerospace Sealing Committee
This specification covers a polysulfide sealing compound with low adhesive strength, supplied as a two-component system that cures at room temperature
AMS G9 Aerospace Sealing Committee
This specification covers fuel-resistant polysulfide (T) sealing compounds supplied as a two-component system
AMS G9 Aerospace Sealing Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to two- or three-wheel motorcycles intended for highway use. Unless noted, requirements apply to both metallic and nonmetallic tanks. Accessory or aftermarket tanks as well as original equipment tanks are covered
Motorcycle Technical Steering Committee
Motorcycles which are designed for both regular as well as rough terrains experience more severe vertical impact loads from ground in comparison with motorcycles which travel only on regular terrains. Therefore, drop test is considered an important method to evaluate durability for said vehicles. Fuel Tank mounted over front frame of a motorcycle is the most critical component from safety point of view and hence, need to be analysed for vertical drop load case. To do so, modelling of whole vehicle can be a hectic task and has to be avoided. In the present work, behaviour of fuel tank mounted over frame support and subjected to vertical drop from H(m) height is studied with the help of support excitation method incorporated with explicit non-linear time integration scheme using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) code in commercial FEA software. Through this scheme, effect on Fuel Tank of vehicle drop can be studied without actually modelling the whole vehicle. Results from FEA software were
Sharma, AshishKhare, Saharash
Aluminum alloy has become an indispensable part of the automotive industry because of its excellent mechanical properties such as lightweight, high strength, high reliability, maintainability, and low cost. Aluminum alloy is used in automobiles, such as engine blocks, cylinder heads, intake manifolds, brake components, and fuel tanks. Fatigue and fracture are the main reasons for its engineering failure. Surface strengthening techniques, such as ultrasonic shot peening (USP), are often used to improve the fatigue resistance of aluminum alloys. This article expounds on the working principle of USP and elucidates the influence of USP process parameters on the surface characteristics of aluminum alloy. Experimental results observed the effects of USP parameters on surface properties such as surface roughness, microhardness, and surface morphology. The effects of shot peening (SP) diameter, vibration amplitude of ultrasonic vibrating head, and sample placement angle on the surface state of
Adeel, MuhammadAzeem, NaqashXue, Hongqian
Fuel system in a vehicle plays vital role in vehicle as it stores the fuel safely to facilitate vehicle running for desired range. Fuel system being a safety critical component is designed to endure varied environmental conditions and defined robustness for all usage conditions. Liquid fuel system consists of three major systems viz. filling system, storage system and vapor management system. Of the three, the filling system’s major function is to assist proper re-fueling of the storage system. Pre-mature shut-off, spillage and fuel spit back are the three major risks associated to system performance. In general, fuel filling system is connected to fuel tank via inlet pipe which houses a flapper to avoid fuel spillage from filler neck during re-filling operation. Fuel filling creates positive pressure inside the tank which causes the tank to bulge. In the process of regaining the original shape fuel is pushed out of the inlet pipe to neck which might cause spillage. To avoid spillage a
Bagga, RajatBadyal, RochakRawat, MohitPal, Kiran
Robustness and reliability are key elements for product success in the automotive market. On this purpose, the Design Review Based on Failure Modes (DRBFM) is a product development methodology to guide on potential risks assessment related to new design proposals. This paper shows the DRBFM structure and mindset for new products, using function and behavior evaluation. Moreover, the methodology will be demonstrated for a real automotive case, considering a new component design for Fuel Supply Module (FSM). The FSM is responsible to deliver fuel to the engine and maintain the pressure in the fuel rail during the spark engine operation. To fit these main functions, the electrical fuel pump inside the module must be always working submerged even if the fuel tank is almost empty. This the reason for this product has the jet pump component that is responsible to actively drag fuel during this worst fuel tank volume condition. During a new FSM customer application, the function presented
de Azevedo Fernandes, Luiz Eduardode Oliveira Melo, Lazaro BeneditoAndré, Marco Pellizzon
This paper demonstrates the sloshing phenomena of a cylindrical tank with and without baffles. The main objective of this study is to design baffles of different configurations to reduce sloshing in a cylindrical tank partially filled with gasoil-liquid subjected to only longitudinal acceleration and deceleration. Two different baffle designs have been introduced in the present study. A 3-D transient analysis of a cylindrical tank was carried out using ANSYS-FLUENT with and without baffles. Volume of Fluid (VOF) method was used to study the free surface profile of the fluid in the considered tank. Pressure distribution, velocity distribution and force distribution have been studied in the present study. It has been observed that the new design of baffle was able to reduce sloshing effectively
Nallanukala, PrasadBhaskara Rao, LokavarapuAlampally, SainathBiswas, SayanDehadray, Prathamesh
Magnesium alloy, known for its high strength and lightweight properties, finds widespread utilization in various technical applications. Aerospace applications, such as fuselages and steering columns, are well-suited for their utilization. These materials are frequently employed in automotive components, such as steering wheels and fuel tank lids, due to their notable corrosion resistance. The performance of magnesium alloy components remains unimproved by normal manufacturing methods due to the inherent characteristics of the material. This work introduces a contemporary approach to fabricating complex geometries through the utilization of Wire-Electro Discharge Machining (WEDM). The material utilized in this study was magnesium alloy. The investigation also considered the input parameters associated with the Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) process, specifically the pulse duration and peak current. The findings of the study encompassed the material removal rate and surface
Natarajan, ManikandanPasupuleti, ThejasreeD, PalanisamyKumar, VKiruthika, JothiPolanki, Vamsinath
SS304 is a type of stainless steel that is well-known for its high ductility and resistance to corrosion; as a result, it is typically utilized in a variety of applications, such as the exhaust systems of automobiles and the springs that are used in seatbelts. Because of its qualities, it will eventually be employed in a variety of body parts, including fuel tanks and chassis, among other things. Due to its properties, SS304 is known to be incredibly difficult to machine using conventional methods. Through a wire electrical discharge machining process, it is easier to cut complex materials with high surface finishes. In this study, a study was conducted on the WEDM process parameters of SS304 to optimize its machining process. The study was carried out using the DoE approach, which involved planning the various experiments. The parameters of the process, such as the pulse on time, peak current, and off time, were analyzed to determine their performance. The various performance measures
Natarajan, ManikandanPasupuleti, ThejasreeKatta, Lakshmi NarasimhamuSomsole, Lakshmi NarayanaD, PalanisamyKiruthika, Jothi
This SAE Recommended Practice pertains to liquid level determination for any fluid compartment of off-road work machines as defined in SAE J1116 and ISO 6165
Machine Technical Steering Committee
Mazda, the automaker with the longest and richest history of using the Wankel rotary engine announced that it resumed mass production of rotary engines for a new variant of the MX-30 compact crossover. Mazda provided little detail about the engine itself, which serves as a generator for the MX-30 e-SKYACTIV R-EV, a plug-in hybrid (PHEV) variant of the MX-30 crossover. Mazda hasn't used the unique powerplant for a production vehicle for more than a decade. The MX-30 e-SKYACTIV R-EV employs the rotary engine in a series-hybrid layout to generate electricity to replenish the vehicle's 17.8-kWh lithium-ion battery, which when fully charged, can provide up to 85 km (31 miles) of driving range on Europe's Worldwide Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) cycle. Gasoline from a 50-L (13.2-gal.) fuel tank supplies the rotary when its operation is required to provide electricity for extended-range driving. In a release, Mazda explained it “positioned it [the rotary engine] on the same axle as a
Visnic, Bill
Considerable amounts of water accumulate in aircraft fuel tanks due to condensation of vapor during flight or directly during fueling with contaminated kerosene. This can result in a misreading of the fuel meters. In certain aircraft types, ice blocks resulting from the low temperatures at high altitude flights or in winter time can even interfere with the nozzles of the fuel supply pipes from the tanks to the engines. Therefore, as part of the maintenance operations, water has to be drained in certain intervals ensuring that no remaining ice is present. In the absence of an established method for determining residual ice blocks inside, the aircraft operator has to wait long enough, in some cases too long, to start the draining procedure, leading potentially to an unnecessary long ground time. A promising technology to determine melting ice uses acoustic signals generated and emitted during ice melting. With acoustic emissions, mainly situated in the ultrasonic frequency range, a very
Pfeiffer, HelgeReynaert, JohanSeveno, DavidJordaens, Pieter-JanCeyhan, OzlemWevers, Martine
Cold soaked fuel frost (CSFF) is frost that forms on aircraft wing surfaces following a flight because of cold excess fuel remaining in integrated fuel tanks. Previous investigations by Zhang et al. (2021a) and Zhang et al. (2021b) have focused on experimental measurements and correlation development for frost observed using a small frost wind tunnel employing a thermo-electric cooler to impose a surface temperature for a range of environmental conditions. To model the CSFF approach in more detail, an experimental facility was developed and described by McClain et al. (2020) using a thermal model of an integrated wing fuel tank placed inside of a climatic chamber. In this paper, experimental measurements of CSFF are presented using two aluminum wing skins. One of the skins was created using an aluminum rib structure, and the other skin was created without the rib. An automated, photogrammetric approach was used to characterize the roughness evolution on each surface when exposed to a
McClain, StephenO'Neal, DennisForslund, NicholasAhmed, Salah Uddin
Fuel tank is considered as safety component in the vehicle, and it has to be tested to meet the safety requirements as per AIS 095. Earlier, fuel tanks were manufactured by using Hot dipped cold rolled steel material and the weld zones are applied with Anti-corrosive coating. Few fuel tanks were reported with Corrosion problems. The root cause analysis was carried out considering the raw material, manufacturing process, transpiration, storage and usage. As an improvement, the new fuel tank is designed to eliminate the limitations of the existing fuel tank. 3D modeling was done to check space and mounting requirement in the layout and used for volume calculations. FE analysis was performed to check structural stability. Emphasis given on Interchange-ability to cater the new fuel tanks in place of old as spares requirement. The fuel tank has developed with Alumina steel material. Alumina steel is a material with the strength property of steel and corrosion resistant property of Aluminium
KUMARAN, RAJASEKARm, vadiveluSG, ArunAdepu, RakeshKC, satheesh
This specification covers a water-soluble, oil-dispersing cleaner in the form of a liquid
AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee
This paper describes lightning fuel ignition source test data on cracked aluminum and hydraulic tubes. The tube test articles included several different types of cracks and establish ignition source threshold current densities that exceed what is expected in traditional aluminum fuel tanks for midsize business jets, which notably are higher than typical current densities in larger Part 25 airplanes. Additionally, the fuel tube test data compared to ignition source current thresholds associated with tube couplers and fittings show consideration of cracks in the tubing will not typically be a critical factor in showing compliance or determining design constraints
Olson, Richard
Diurnal evaporative testing of atmospheric fuel system with no-load canister for 14 days and half load canister for 7 days is carried out according to the US EPA BETP test procedure. In addition, the atmospheric fuel system and pressurized fuel system were tested for BETP for 72h diurnal evapration respectively.The results show that the total emissions of the atmospheric fuel system in 72h is 210mg, and the proportion of respiratory emissions is between 90% - 95%. The 72h total emissions of the pressurized fuel system is about 120mg, and the permeation emissions of the fuel tank accounts for about 82% - 90%. The total respiratory emissions of the atmospheric fuel system are 130.4 mg, mainly alkanes, accounting for 70% - 80%. The pressurized fuel system is dominated by the permeation emission of the fuel tank, with a total amount of 127.5 mg, mainly composed of alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and OVOCs, accounting for 45% - 50%, 43% - 47% and 3% - 5% respectively. In the canister
Zhong, ChongzhiZhang, TaiyuLI, ZheWu, Xiaoliangsun, JiaxingChen, QiangZhao, Xinwu
Apple’s mobile phone LiDAR capabilities were previously evaluated to obtain geometry from multiple exemplar vehicles, but results were inconsistent and less accurate than traditional ground-based LiDAR (SAE Technical Paper 2022-01-0832. Miller, Hashemian, Gillihan, Helms). This paper builds upon existing research by utilizing the newest version of the mobile LiDAR hardware and software previously studied, as well as evaluating additional objects of varying sizes and a newly released software not yet studied. To better explore the accuracy achievable with Apple mobile phone LiDAR, multiple objects with varied surface textures, colors, and sizes were scanned. These objects included exemplar passenger vehicles (including a motorcycle), a fuel tank, and a spare tire mounted on a chrome wheel. To test the repeatability of the presented methodologies, four participants scanned each object multiple times and created three individual data sets per software. The accuracy for each data set was
Miller, Seth HigginsHashemian, AlirezaGillihan, RobertBenes, Saylor
In allusion to the dynamic leak phenomenon caused by the fuel sloshing in the dynamic driving process of vehicle, the dynamic leak detection method was proposed based on the analysis of the dynamic leak mechanism and influencing factors. The six degree of freedom platform was used to simulate the gesture change of fuel tank during driving process. The influence of fuel tank operating conditions and different design styles on dynamic leak were mainly studied. Fiber-optic gyroscope was used to acquire the operating conditions of the fuel tank during driving process in five regions of China: Wuxi Mountain in Anhui, Hongjing Road in Beijing, Jing’anyi in Yunnan, Wuzhi Mountain in Hainan, Gele Mountain in Chongqing. Signal acquired by fiber-optic gyroscope includes the acceleration of the vehicle in the three directions of forward and backward, left and right, up and down as well as the rotation angles around these three directions. The displacement signal after integral reconstruction and
Dai, ChaoHe, Ren
This SAE Standard establishes a uniform test procedure and performance requirements for the ventilation system(s) of personal watercraft. This SAE Standard does not apply to outboard powered personal watercraft and jet powered surfboards
Personal Watercraft Committee
Most of current jet aircraft circulate fuel on the airframe to match heat loads with available heat sink. The demands for thermal management in wide range of air vehicle systems are growing rapidly along with the increased mission power, vehicle survivability, flight speeds, and so on. With improved aircraft performance and growth of heat load created by Aircraft Mounted Accessory Drive (AMAD) system and hydraulic system, effectively removing the large amount of heat load on the aircraft is gaining crucial importance. Fuel is becoming heat transfer fluid of choice for aircraft thermal management since it offers improved heat transfer characteristics and offers fewer system penalties than air. In the scope of this paper, an AMESim model is built which includes airframe fuel and hydraulic systems with AMAD gearbox of a jet trainer aircraft. The integrated model will be evaluated for thermal performance. JP-8 fuel is recirculated on the airframe to maintain cooling the oil for AMAD
Suat, YunusÖzkan, Ayşe DilekSirkeci, Ersin
Refueling operation of the aircraft fuel tanks has some limitations. One of the limitations is refueling time which restricts refueling duration for entire tank. Other one is overfilling situations which are also possible because of the wave damper designs in tank such as barriers and baffles resist against fuel creeping towards all sides of tank. Required refueling duration restricts refueling speed at a certain minimum value. On the other hand, baffle design restricts refueling speed at a certain maximum value. It should be the mathematical region between these two extremum points where the refueling mass flow rate can be defined. Minimum mass flow rate point can be adjusted with defining of mass flow rate depends of requirements easily but upper extremum point should be defined depends on design of baffles. It can only be changed with altering the design of interior wing tank. In that paper mathematical model of the tank interior volumes and its components are established in order
Karahan, KeremÖzdemir, Onur
This SAE Standard establishes a uniform test procedure and performance requirements for permanently installed petrol fuel systems in personal watercraft. This SAE Standard does not apply to outboard powered personal watercraft and jet powered surfboards
Personal Watercraft Committee
This SAE Standard establishes a uniform test procedure and performance requirements for personal watercraft floatation. This SAE Standard does not apply to outboard powered personal watercraft and jet powered surfboards
Personal Watercraft Committee
This SAE Recommended Practice covers all electrical devices suitable for use in marine engine compartments and fuel tank spaces
Marine Technical Steering Committee
This specification covers polyurethane (PUR) in the form of two-component sealing compounds
AMS G9 Aerospace Sealing Committee
This specification covers fuel-resistant, two-component polysulfide synthetic rubber compounds which cure at room temperature
AMS G9 Aerospace Sealing Committee
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is limited to the subject of aircraft fuel systems and the questions concerning the requirements for electrical bonding of the various components of the system as related to Static Electric Charges, Fault Current, Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and Lightning Strikes (Direct and Indirect Effects). This AIR contains engineering guidelines for the design, installation, testing (measurement) and inspection of electrical bonds
AE-5A Aerospace Fuel, Inerting and Lubrication Sys Committee
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) presents preferred design, assembly, and repair practices for sealing of aircraft integral fuel tanks, including rework of applied fuel tank seals. It addresses engineering designs for integral fuel tanks as they are currently found in practice and discusses the most practical and conservative methods for producing a reliable, sealed system. Although this AIR presents practices for sealing of integral fuel tanks, the practices presented within this report are practices that are carried throughout sealing that include both pressure and environmental aircraft sealing. Design preferences for optimum sealing are not within the scope of this document. Such discussions can be found in the United States Air Force (USAF) sponsored report AFWAL-TR-87-3078, “Aircraft Integral Fuel Tank Design Handbook.” Key objectives of the fuel tank sealing process are to produce a sealing plane that is leak-free and corrosion resistant, especially at fastener
AMS G9 Aerospace Sealing Committee
This specification covers three types and three classes of fuel-resistant polysulfide sealing compound with low specific gravity, supplied as a two-component system which cures at room temperature
AMS G9 Aerospace Sealing Committee
The purpose of the OBIGGS is to reduce the amount of oxygen in the fuel tank to a 'safe' level to significantly reduce the possibility of ignition of fuel vapors. There are circumstances where equipment of OBIGGS like ASMs, Ozone Converter Catalysts, etc. gets degraded earlier than the provided MTBF. This paper studies the present conventional systems limitations, like due to memory constraints only the faults and limited shop data are being recorded, hence there is no provision to store/report the stream of data margins with which we can pass/fail the performance tests. This paper also explains how a new design of the Connected concept achieves access to real-time data from the system and how the data is pushed to the cloud network. A connected solution for the OBIGGS is the technology to access real-time data (Systems LRUs Performance data and Custom data Parameters) from the Systems controller data bus, this data is further applied to AI/ML methods for predictive/prognostics
Kumar, NaveenKotnadh, ShivaprasadMorkondaHaribapu cEng, ArvindKanneboyina cEng, RajeshRao cEng, Manjunatha
Rotary friction Welding (RFW) has wide application in the aerospace industry for manufacturing large volume fuel tanks due to its exceptional advantages, including low distortion, less defects, and high mechanical joint properties. The weld interface quality is limited to poor temperature distribution, improper frictional pressure, and time to weld. The present study is to optimize the friction welding parameters of the Monel-Copper joint by rotary friction welding such as frictional pressure (20bar, 25bar, 30bar, and 35bar), upset pressure (15bar, 20bar, 25bar, and 30bar), and frictional time (5 sec, 7sec, 9sec, and 11sec). The friction temperatures of the weld joints are noted during the welding process. The input process parameters have been optimized by design of experiment and analysed by the ANOVA method. The temperature and pressure distribution of the weld joints are evaluated by finite element analysis software
S, MarimuthuK.R, BalasubramanianJ, Chandradass
This SAE Aerospace Information Report presents a glossary of terms commonly used in the ground delivery of fuel to an aircraft and pertinent terms relating to the aircraft being refueled
AE-5A Aerospace Fuel, Inerting and Lubrication Sys Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice describes a method for conducting room temperature, contaminated fuel, endurance testing when the applicable specification requires nonrecirculation of the contaminants. The objective of the test is to determine the resistance of engine fuel system components to wear or damage caused by contaminated fuel operation. It is not intended as a test for verification of the component's filter performance and service life. ARP1827 is recommended for filter performance evaluation
AE-5B Aircraft and Engine Fuel and Lubricant Sys Components
This specification covers polythioether rubber fuel resistant sealing compounds, supplied as a two-component system, which cure rapidly when exposed to a cure on demand (CoD) light source used to initiate a reaction that generates crosslinking of sealant polymers. Type 2 compounds also cure at ambient conditions, without light exposure
AMS G9 Aerospace Sealing Committee
The idea of using a Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) as range extender for Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) is discussed in the literature for several years now. It is regarded from an experimental as well as from a numerical point of view, both indicating superior exhaust gas emissions and performance compared to piston engines. This is commonly shown by applying a series of consecutive New European Drive Cycles (NEDC). In 2017, however, the new approval procedure Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) was introduced with a more realistic drive cycle and also a specific test procedure for HEVs. In this work, a drive cycle simulator is set up considering the essential vehicle components and incorporating a detailed model of the MGT steady-state as well as transient emission and performance behavior. The WLTP is applied to an MGT range-extended HEV considering different operating strategies and vehicle configurations. Further, a procedure depleting a fully charged battery and a
Kislat, OliverZanger, JanKrummrein, ThomasKutne, PeterAigner, Manfred
The fuel tank shield provides a protective boundary between the fuel tank and vehicle driveline in the event of a high-speed crash. Hence, it is important from the safety standpoint. The part must be carefully engineered to meet the challenging requirements in terms of stiffness, deflection, toughness, dimensional stability and thermal stability. In this paper, long glass fibre filled polypropylene material compound was selected and developed to meet the mentioned requirements for this part with significant mass reduction over other materials. The combination of material, optimized part and tool design led to weight savings and considerable cost reduction. This is a ready to mold material used in injection molding process. This long glass fibre reinforced polypropylene compound has been explored for thin wall protection shield with wall thickness of 2.5 mm. This part has critical functional requirements such as driveline load versus deflection durability criteria, thermal stability
Govindaraj, KarthikJayashankar, VC, Karthiban
In case of all gasoline vehicles such as the passenger vehicle, heavy duty truck and light duty truck etc., a fuel pump is located inside the fuel tank and transfers the fuel to an engine for stable driving, however, engine stall can be occurred by low pressure fuel pump. The boiling temperature of gasoline fuel is very low, the initial boiling point is around 40°C so fuel can boil easily while driving and end boiling point is around 190°C. It boils sequentially depending on the temperature. It becomes the criteria to determine the amount of vapor released inside the fuel tank at high temperature. The main cause of engine stall at high temperature is rapid fuel boiling by increasing fuel temperature. This causes a lot of vapor. Such vapor flows into the fuel pump which leading to decrease the pump load and the current consumption of the fuel pump continuously. This ultimately results in engine stall. The influence on Reid Vapor Pressure(RVP) was also investigated, but it does not seem
Kim, Keunsoo
This paper presents the design concept behind a novel remote visual inspection robotic system for fighter jet aircraft wing fuel tank inspection. This work is part of a larger research project which focuses on design, simulation, physical prototyping and experimental validation of a robotic system. Whereas this paper specifically focuses on the development concept of locomotion design choice for the robot. Therefore without an effective mobility method the robot will not be able to fulfill its purpose to access the hazardous confined spaces of the fuel tank. Aircraft wing fuel tank inspection is a challenging area of maintenance which requires a considerable amount of preparation and involvement of several tasks in order to conduct effective Visual and Non Destructive Inspection. The environment of an aircraft wing fuel tank poses several challenges due to both physical and atmospheric constraints which can be detrimental to human personal. This paper introduces an effective locomotion
Dhoot, Manpreet KaurFan, Ip-Shing
Restrictions on emissions have been made to guide society into a more sustainable development. The impasse between regulations and the expectation of a growing demand for aviation exposes the need for decarbonization of the sector. In this way, the utilization of hydrogen associated with fuel cells stands out as means to eliminate emissions during flight. This study evaluates the feasibility of using cryogenic liquid hydrogen (LH2) tanks as both energy source and cooling advantage for a small aircraft with electric propulsion. First, a propulsion system powered by a hybrid setup with Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) and batteries is proposed for a small aircraft replacing an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and fuel tanks. Then, the new powerplant is integrated into the aircraft and simulated using the SUAVE tool. Next, a heat management analysis is performed to assess heat generation within the aircraft and heat requirements in the cryogenic tanks to meet the hydrogen
Inacio, GeorginellyMourao, CarlosCastro, Ana LídiaLacava, Pedro
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