Browse Topic: Seals and gaskets

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Structural analysis and Design optimization of Cylinder Head of Cummins Light duty Engine for Medium Wheelbase (MWB) pick-up truck2026-26-0495To be published on 01/16/2026
This paper presents the design, structural analysis, and risk assessment done by Cummins to evaluate the structural integrity of Light Duty engine cylinder head for a Medium Wheelbase (MWB) pick-up truck. Initially, Cummins used F2.5L (4-cylinder) engine that has 154hp, but rising market demands for more power, fuel efficiency, lower cost and weight, and future emission compliance led to customer requirements for 177hp (Drive New F2.5L, 15% uprate) and 197hp+ (Drive New F3.0L, 22% uprate) from the same base engine. The increase in power requirement possesses challenges on critical components, especially cylinder heads in terms of thermal and structural limits. This paper addresses the challenges and risks in current cylinder head design driven by new power demands, specifically reduced fatigue margins in the water jacket area and increased temperatures on the combustion face under high thermomechanical loads. It explores the design modifications made to the cylinder head design to
Pathak, Arun Jyoti, Adiverekar, Vaidehi, Singh, Rahul, Biyani, Mayur
Analysis of Door Seal Compression and its Influence on NVH Performance in Heavy-Duty Vehicle2026-26-0339To be published on 01/16/2026
Seals in a truck cabin is one of the major contributors for cabin noise in terms of structure borne as well as air borne noise transfer path. This study emphasizes on the effect of door seal compression prediction and its impact on structure borne NVH in trucks. Vibrations are regarded as quality criteria in the perception of customers. It is necessary to ascertain the contribution of seal stiffness on compression of the seal under closed condition of the door rather than uncompressed conditions. The dynamic stiffness of door seal is calculated by non-linear analysis. The simulations models are constructed using the Mooney - Rivlin theory for both 2D and 3D seals. This encompasses contemplating the relevant seal mounted boundary condition on the body and the door of the vehicle. The stiffness after compression of seal is extracted from this non-linear analysis which is further used to obtain the vibration modes for the doors in the truck cabin. Subsequently, the compressed seal
L, Kavya, Ramanathan, Vijay
Power loss evaluation in 4WD axle and correlation with Testing results2026-26-0107To be published on 01/16/2026
In the tractor, the efficiency depends on the transmission system, of all the losses major contribution is given by the transmission elements. To improve the efficiency, it became crucial to monitor the areas of power losses. Power loss in transmission refers the reduction in amount of power which being generated from the engine source to the final drive elements. There are various parameters and factors influence this condition, analyzing those conditions helps in identifying & improving the higher contributing components for driveline power loss. This study presents a comparative analysis of theoretical and experimental data regarding power loss in the gear train of a 70HP 4WD front axle. The investigation incorporates theoretical power loss calculations for individual components, including the bevel gear, bearings, thrust washer and seal arrangements. To evaluate and validate the power losses in the 4WD axle, a Gear Train Endurance test was conducted in a controlled laboratory
Jayapal, Jayaraj, Mahapatra, Soumya Ranjan, Sethi, Suvendu Kumar, Joshi, Shrikant, Bange, Prashant
Efficiency Enhancement of Electric Vehicle Drivetrains through Advanced Gearbox Strategies2026-26-0053To be published on 01/16/2026
In the pursuit of sustainable mobility solutions, optimizing drivetrain efficiency has emerged as a critical factor in enhancing the overall performance, reliability, and market acceptance of electric vehicles (EVs). This study specifically focuses on achieving efficiency improvements within the gearbox system of Electric Vehicles, a major contributor to mechanical losses in the drivetrain. Key technical strategies explored include the adoption of low-viscosity lubricants, utilization of low-friction bearings, incorporation of high-efficiency oil seals, and the application of low-loss gear designs. Collectively, these enhancements aim to reduce mechanical frictional losses, leading to tangible benefits such as increased vehicle driving range, reduced energy consumption, lower carbon emissions, and decreased long-term maintenance costs. In addition to component-level improvements, the study investigates the integration of a 2-speed gearbox within electric vehicles as a system-level
Agrawal, Devesh, Bhardwaj, Abhishek, Bhandari, Kiran Kamlakar
Rear Wiper Motor with Nozzle Integration for Improved wiping performance and Perceived Quality2026-26-0600To be published on 01/16/2026
In the current modern days of driving, rear wiping performance plays a crucial role in safe driving. This study focuses on improving the rear wiping with add on benefits like improved BSR performance, cost saving and perceived quality. This new concept has the rear wiper motor assembly which accommodates the nozzle also thereby making it a single unified assembly with reduced system complexity. This concept eliminates the complex hose routing of washer system for rear wiping which is usually packaged at spoiler or HMSL. It also helps in improved spray coverage and reduced dry wiping which in turn enhances system reliability with clean & quiet operation. This integrated nozzle concept is much more compact than the available products in the market with minimum number of end items. Also, this design comes with non-return valve which ensures there is no delay in the spray execution. And it improves the cleaning efficiency by maintaining consistent fluid pressure. This concept comes with
Dhage, Prashant, K, Nagarajan, G, Sabari Rajan
Investigating the Effect of Aperture Flange Curvature on Tailgate Seal Bulb Height: A CAE-Based Approach2026-26-0416To be published on 01/16/2026
Water leakage is a common issue in vehicles, especially during water testing. It often occurs due to a gap between the seal bulb and the closure panel. This gap can result from variations in flange angle, flange curvature, closure surface, or seal bulb height. This study focused on how flange curvature affects seal bulb height and sealing performance. A Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) method was used, supported by tests on physical samples. Multiple simulations were done using different flange curvatures. Results showed that with a constant flange angle of 150°, increasing the flange radius reduced seal bulb deformation. The optimal radius was 250 mm, where the bulb compression was 1.1 mm. Sharp or tight flanges caused the bulb to deform more, reducing contact and sealing force. To reduce this deformation, a hollow tube was inserted inside the seal bulb. The hollow tube used had an internal diameter of 10 mm and an external diameter of 12 mm. With the hollow tube, the optimum flange
Kumar, Saurav, Neelam, Rajat, Chowdhury, Ashok, Panchal, Girish, Lathwal, Sandeep
Determination of Acrylonitrile Content in Nitrile Butadiene Rubber Vulcanizates by Py-GCMS Techniques2026-26-0546To be published on 01/16/2026
Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR), a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile is known for its superior resistance to hydrocarbon oil, low gas permeability and excellent thermal stability. It is extensively used in seals, O-rings, conveyor belts and pneumatic tires. It is worth mentioning that these performance attributes are predominantly influenced by acrylonitrile content. While solid-state 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is an established technique for structural characterization of rubber vulcanizates, its high cost and accessibility limits its application in routine industrial analysis. This study aims to develop Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GCMS) as a robust, precise, cost-effective alternative to determine acrylonitrile content in NBR vulcanizates. This research demonstrates and establish a method to determine the acrylonitrile (ACN) content in finished rubber vulcanizates through pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS). This method
Samanta, Rajyasree, Ghosh, Debojit, Anjana, Kanhaiya, Sen, Amit, Guria, Biswanath, Chanda, Jagannath, Samui, Barun, Ghosh, Prasenjit, Mukhopadhyay, Rabindra
A Comprehensive Analysis of Sealing Methods for EV Battery Packs: Trends and Insights.2026-26-0180To be published on 01/16/2026
The widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has brought about unique engineering challenges, particularly in the design of battery packs, which are central to vehicle performance, safety, and longevity. One critical requirement is maintaining ingress protection (IP) ratings of IP67 or higher to safeguard against water and dust exposure. These ratings are essential to ensure compliance with homologation standards and to meet the demands of diverse terrains and operating conditions. Achieving effective sealing of EV battery packs is thus a key aspect of their design and engineering. This study presents an in-depth analysis of sealing technologies employed in EV battery packs, focusing on four primary types: Adhesive-based sealants, Cure-In-Place Gaskets (CIPG), Foam Cut seals, and Rubber Gaskets. Benchmarking data gathered from more than 90 vehicle models across 20+ brands provide insights into adoption trends, historical shifts, evolution and interface requirements of different
Varambally, Vishakha, Sithick basha, Abubakker, Chalumuru, Madhu, Yaser, K U Syed, Sasikumar, K
Optimized Panel Design for Reducing Seal Squeak and Chucking in Door & Body Seals2026-26-0341To be published on 01/16/2026
Quieter cabins in an automobile are the new era, they provide customers with pleasurable driving experience. Squeak and Rattle are spoil sport for any OEM that aim to improvise customer driving experience. Their nonlinear nature makes it difficult to formulate design frontloading methods. The issue of seals rubbing against the body & door interface is a clear sign of seal squeak & seal chucking. Seals are applied with anti-friction coatings to avoid stick slip phenomena between EPDM and painted panel. Primary root cause for seal squeak is coating erosion. The challenge lies in determining whether the body or the closure side contributes to the seal issue. This paper presents a distinctive approach for identifying the seal squeaking noise and enriches on the new modelling methods for seal interaction with door and body interfaces using FE software. The proposed method was able to highlight the locations along the door-body interface for squeak noise. The approach for reducing the
H, Ravishankar, C M, Mithun, Michael Stephan, Navin Estac Raja, Mohammed, Riyazuddin
The Technological Concept of a Self-Adjusting Segmented Ceramic Sealing System for a Turboshaft Engine with Isochoric Combustion03-18-08-004612/08/2025
The article presents self-adjusting segmented ceramic seals designed for a novel turboshaft engine operating according to the Humphrey thermodynamic cycle. The sealing system is an integral part of the developed engine concept, which features rotating isochoric combustion chambers. The seals utilize centrifugal force as the sealing force, enabling uniform sealing regardless of thermal conditions and associated deformations. The sealing consists of segments with adjustable dimensions in both circumferential and transverse directions. The sealing elements should be made of Si3N4 ceramic, characterized by high thermal resistance (1300°C) and low thermal expansion (3.2•10−6/°C). The article presents three different variants of sealing systems, differing in terms of the technological possibilities of their manufacturing. Special treatments must be applied to ensure high machining accuracy of the sealing elements. The proposed sealing system is a critical point in the design of an engine
Tarnawski, Piotr
PTO Clutch Hydraulic Performance Evaluation Methodology Development & Correlation2025-28-029511/06/2025
This paper presents an analysis methodology developed to comprehend the impact of pressure spikes in off-highway applications, particularly during PTO (Power Take-Off) clutch engagement. These pressure spikes can adversely affect hydraulic subsystem components such as seals, gaskets, and valve operations. Assessing hydraulic system performance through physical trials can be cumbersome, resulting in longer development times and increased costs. To address this, a methodology was developed in a virtual environment to evaluate hydraulic system performance. The virtual method outlined in this paper is created in a 1D environment using a simulation methodology to replicate the transient behavior of the dynamic system. The hydraulic system primarily includes a relief valve, solenoid valves, a pump, and a clutch. An analytical model was developed for the hydraulic system components with appropriate fidelity to accurately replicate the transient behavior and magnitudes of pressure spikes. This
Memane, Nilesh, Kumar, Suneel, Veerkar, Vikrant
Rubber: Fluorosilicone (FVMQ) High Temperature Fuel and Oil Resistant For Seals In Fuel Systems and Specific Engine Oil SystemsAMS7273D (Current)10/24/2025
This specification covers a fluorosilicone (FVMQ) rubber in the form of molded rings.
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
Rubber: Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Fuel and Low Temperature Resistant 60 - 70 Type “A” Hardness For Seals in Fuel SystemsAMS7271K (Current)10/22/2025
This specification covers an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber in the form of molded rings, compression seals, O-ring cord, and molded-in-place gaskets for aeronautical and aerospace applications.
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
Next-Generation Elastomer Seals: Enhancing Battery Safety and Sustainability in E-MobilityTBMG-5387610/01/2025
Selecting the Best Plastic for Spacecraft Applications25AERP10_0310/01/2025
Plastic materials are used for a wide variety of spacecraft applications including seals, bearings, fasteners, electrical insulators, thermal isolators, and radomes. Selecting plastics for use in space is complex due to wide operating temperature ranges, vacuum conditions, and exposure to radiation and atomic oxygen. Additionally, some spacecraft applications require sealing flammable propellants such as hydrogen and oxygen. This article will present some design considerations when selecting plastics for use in spacecraft. It will provide rich data on the performance characteristics of plastics as well as examples of successful spacecraft applications.
Sealing the Future of Hydrogen: Advanced Gaskets for Electrolyzer EfficiencyTBMG-5354208/01/2025
Mitigating High Steering Effort in Power Steering Pumps through Manufacturing Process Improvement02-19-01-000308/01/2025
Power steering pumps are the heart of any hydraulic power steering system. They provide the heavy lifting power required in the form of high-pressure fluid flow that is utilized in powered steering gears or steering racks to assist drivers in vehicle maneuvers, specifically in low-speed situations. Failure of the power steering pump will inevitably increase work needed from the driver to steer a vehicle and decrease the driver comfort at the same time. This article covers investigations into a customer return issue, affecting more than 20% of pumps, for one particular failure mode, pump input shaft seal leakage, and how the failure is not caused by failure at the input shaft nor by failure of the input shaft seal. It was found that internal damage to the pump rotating assembly allows high-pressure oil to overcome the input shaft seal sealing effect. The cause of the failure was determined to be rooted in the manufacturing process, which was re-ordered to reduce the failure rate to an
Bari, Praful Rajendra, Kintner, Jason
O-Ring Molded from AMS7274 MaterialAS3570A (Current)07/17/2025
This standard establishes the dimensional and visual quality requirements, lot requirements, and packaging and labeling requirements for O-rings molded from AMS7274 rubber. It shall be used for procurement purposes.
A-6C2 Seals Committee
O-Ring Machined from AMS3617 MaterialAS9772A (Current)07/17/2025
This standard establishes the dimensional and visual quality requirements, lot requirements, and packaging and labeling requirements for O-rings machined from AMS3617 polyamide material. It shall be used for procurement purposes.
A-6C2 Seals Committee
Manufacturing and Inspection Standards for Preformed Packings (O-Rings)AS871B (Current)07/16/2025
This specification controls surface condition, manufacturing defects and inspection requirements, and defines methods of measurement for elastomeric toroidal sealing rings (O-rings) for static (including gasket) applications.
A-6C2 Seals Committee
O-Ring Machined from AMS3650 MaterialAS9770A (Current)07/16/2025
This standard establishes the dimensional and visual quality requirements, lot requirements, and packaging and labeling requirements for O-rings machined from AMS3650 material. It shall be used for procurement purposes.
A-6C2 Seals Committee
Aerospace Size Standard for Oversize O-RingsAS5798A (Current)07/16/2025
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) specifies the dimensions, tolerances and size codes (dash numbers) for O-rings with a larger cross-section than those to AS568, for use in glands per MIL-G-5514 where squeeze at low temperature is often insufficient to provide a leak-tight seal.
A-6C2 Seals Committee
Hydraulic and Pneumatic Retainers (Backup Rings), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ResinAS8791D (Current)07/16/2025
This specification and part standard specifies polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin material and the dimensional requirements for scarf-cut retainers (backup rings) previously specified by MIL-R-8791 and MIL-R-8791/1. The retainers are intended for use in hydraulic and pneumatic system components as anti-extrusion devices in conjunction with seals and O-rings.
A-6C2 Seals Committee
Dynamic Test Procedure for Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composition SealsAS6944/1 (Current)07/14/2025
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides a standardized test procedure that can be used to evaluate material capability in a dynamic sealing application. This procedure will be utilized by applicable elastomer material specifications which are used for production of O-rings and other seals. This specification is applicable to the dynamic testing requirements for aerospace elastomer parts utilizing materials conforming to AMS7XXX series specifications, user specifications, or print on a Purchase Order (PO) that calls out this document for aerospace applications. This procedure is intended for testing NBR. Other elastomers may have different requirements which will require a separate procedure.
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
Impulse Testing of Hydraulic Tubing and Fittings, S-N CurveAS4265A (Current)06/30/2025
This aerospace test standard establishes the requirements and procedures for evaluating and comparing the impulse fatigue performance of high pressure hydraulic fittings and tubing. This test method may be used to test similar fluid system components, if desired.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Gland Design Criteria and Dimensions for Static Radial O-Ring Seal Applications Without Anti-Extrusion Devices Specifically for Engine and Engine Control SystemsARP1232D (Current)06/17/2025
This document recommends standard gland dimensions for static radial O-ring seal applications specifically for engine and engine control systems and provides recommendations for modifying these glands in special applications.
A-6C2 Seals Committee
Comprehensive Management of Water Ingress in the Torque Overlay Steering System for Enhanced Reliability in Smart Trucks02-18-03-001606/02/2025
The reliability and performance of steering systems in commercial vehicles are paramount, given their direct impact on reducing hazardous driving and improving operational efficiency. The torque overlay system is designed to enhance driver control, feedback, and reduce driver fatigue. However, vulnerabilities such as water ingress under certain environmental conditions have raised significant reliability requirements. This article discusses the systematic investigation into how radial bearing sideloading led to the input shaft seal failing to contact the input shaft. Water was allowed a path to enter the TOS module, affecting the electronic sensor, and faulting out the ADAS functionality. Improvement to the bearing support and sealing design culminated to an enhanced TOS module package able to withstand testing procedures that mimic the environmental and use case situation which caused the ingress.
Bari, Praful Rajendra, Kintner, Jason
Static Axial O-Ring Seal Applications Without Anti-Extrusion Devices for Engine and Engine Control SystemsARP1234F (Current)05/27/2025
This document establishes standard gland design criteria and dimensions for static axial O-ring seal applications without anti-c operating at a maximum pressure of 1500 psi (10345 kPa).
A-6C2 Seals Committee
Smart and Cost-Effective Material for Engine Head Cover Gasket2025-01-501505/12/2025
Different types of gaskets are being used in the engine. Each gasket plays a unique role for the application. In general gaskets are used to prevent leakage and fill the space between the mating surfaces under compression loads. Cylinder head cover gasket is being used in all engines. Engine gasket plays a major role in arresting and protecting the leakage of oil and external dust entry into the system. In this study new cost-effective material were identified, tested, and evaluated as per the applicable standards for the gasket application. The existing material is well known grade as VAMAC—ethylene acrylate monomer (AEM) material and the alternate material introduced is high temperature alkyl acrylate copolymer (HT ACM). In general, with AEM material have its own advantages and also challenges. Even though AEM material have some advantages with respect to temperature and mechanical properties the challenges and struggle come into picture on cost volatility and availability of raw
Deepalakshmi, R., Koorella, Krishna, Sivakumar, G.K.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of PU Foam Sealing for EV NVH Performance2025-01-012005/05/2025
Low density polyurethane foam was first proposed as an alternative to expandable baffles and tapes for sealing vehicle body cavities towards the end of the last century. Despite several inherent advantages for cavity sealing, the high equipment cost of dispensing amongst other reasons, this technology has not spread as widely as expected. With the advent of electric vehicles, there is an increased emphasis on controlling higher frequencies from motors, inverters and other components, and polyurethane foam can be a viable solution by providing more robust sealing. Polyurethane foam sealing is already being employed in the new breed of electric vehicles, but its NVH advantages have not been fully studied or published in literature. Using an existing electric vehicle with conventional expandable baffles & tape sealing measures, a comprehensive evaluation of NVH performance using the closed-cell polyurethane foam solution was conducted. Testing included component level bench test on body
Kavarana, Farokh, Guertin, Bill
Improving the Sound Transmission Loss of Wire Harness Pass Throughs2025-01-011805/05/2025
For years the NVH community has known that openings in the dash sheet metal, such as holes to pass wire harnesses through, creates an acoustical weak point that limits the potential noise reduction of the dash insulation system. These pass-throughs can also be a source of water leaks into the vehicle’s interior. With internal combustion engines and now electric inverter power plants generating significant high frequency sound, the need to seal this area is vital. By molding a lightweight barrier that draws through the fiber/absorber interior decoupler and dash sheet metal which mates to a secondary seal molded into an outer engine dash decoupler, the two opposing molded barriers meet in the engine compartment and compress together forming a seal around the wire harness. This male/female molded seal replaces the conventional snap in grommet and eliminates noise/water leaks. The system Sound Transmission Loss (STL) is equivalent to similarly insulated sheet metal with no holes
Check, James, Moritz, Charles
Study on the Aspiration Properties of Glassrun Seal System under Time-Varying Pressure Difference2025-01-003005/05/2025
When a vehicle is driven at high speed, there exists intricate flow pattern and vortex shedding at the side window area with intense pressure fluctuation. A significant dynamic pressure difference between the vehicle's exterior and interior can render the side window sealing system vulnerable to aspiration. This susceptibility can lead to the generation of leakage noise, adversely affecting acoustic comfort in the vehicle's cabin. This paper delves into the aspiration properties of glassrun seal system under time-varying pressure difference. A nonlinear finite element model of the glassrun seal was established to simulate the quasi-static deformation of the sealing strip during installation process, which aims to obtain the deformed geometric shape and residual stress after this process. Then, the exterior flow field of the glassrun sealing area of a simplified vehicle model was calculated with CFD simulation to obtain the hydrodynamic pressure excitation acting on the outer surface of
Li, Hanqi, He, Yinzhi, Zhang, Lijun, Zhang, Yongfeng, Yu, Wuzhou, Jiang, Zaixiu, Blumrich, Reinhard, Wiedemann, Jochen
Research on the Influence of Door and Window Sealing on Interior Wind Noise Based on Statistical Energy Analysis10-09-03-002604/24/2025
Wind noise is an important indicator for evaluating cabin comfort, and it is essential to accurately predict the wind noise inside the vehicle. In the early stage of automotive design, since the geometry and properties of the sealing strip are often unknown, the contribution of the sealing strip to the wind noise is often directly ignored, which makes the wind noise obtained through simulation in the pre-design stage to be lower than the real value. To investigate the effect of each seal on wind noise, an SUV model was used to simulate the cases of not adding body seals, adding window seals, and further adding door seals, respectively. The contribution of each seal to wind noise was obtained and verified by comparing it with the test results. The influence of the cavity formed at the door seal was also addressed. In the simulations, a CFD solver based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) was used to solve the external flow field, and the noise transmitted into the interior of the
Zhang, Yingchao, He, Tengsheng, Wang, Yuqi, Niu, Jiqiang, Zhang, Zhe, Shen, Chun, Zhang, Chengchun
Assessment of Aircraft Wheel Sealing SystemsARP5146 (Current)04/11/2025
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is intended to provide guidance on verifying the integrity of inflation pressure sealing systems of aircraft wheel/tire assemblies.
A-5A Wheels, Brakes and Skid Controls Committee
Dynamic Tailgate Water Management Simulation Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics2025-01-862504/01/2025
Opening a tailgate can cause rain that has settled on its surfaces to run off onto the customer or into the rear loadspace, causing annoyance. Relatively small adjustments to tailgate seals and encapsulation can effectively mitigate these effects. However, these failure modes tend to be discovered relatively late in the design process as they, to date, need a representative physical system to test – including ensuring that any materials used on the surface flow paths elicit the same liquid flow behaviours (i.e. contact angles and velocity) as would be seen on the production vehicle surfaces. In this work we describe the development and validation of an early-stage simulation approach using a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics code (PreonLab). This includes its calibration against fundamental experiments to provide models for the flow of water over automotive surfaces and their subsequent application to a tailgate system simulation which includes fully detailed surrounding vehicle geometry
Gaylard, Adrian Philip, Weatherhead, Duncan
Design Recommendations for Spare Seals in Landing Gear Shock StrutsARP4912C (Current)03/27/2025
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommendations on cavity design, the installation of elastomer type spare seals in these cavities, and information surrounding elastomer material properties after contact with typical shock absorber hydraulic fluid(s) or grease. This ARP is primarily concerned with the use of spare seals on shock absorbers where only a single dynamic seal is fitted and in contact with the slider/shock absorber piston at any one time. These shock absorbers typically have a spare (dynamic) seal gland located on the outer diameter of the lower seal carrier. This spare seal gland is intended to house a spare elastomer contact seal. Split Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) backup rings can also be installed in the spare seal cavity. During operation, if the fitted dynamic shock absorber standard seal begins to fail/leak, then the aircraft can be jacked up, allowing the lower gland nut of the shock absorber to be dropped down. The current used dynamic seal
A-5B Gears, Struts and Couplings Committee
FITTING, BEAM SEAL, FEMALE TUBE END, INTERNAL SWAGE, 4000 PSI, HYDRAULICAS4203B (Current)03/25/2025
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Rings, Sealing, Cast Tin Bronze, 80Cu - 19Sn, As CastAMS7322H (Current)03/05/2025
This specification covers a cast tin bronze in the form of sealing rings (see 8.5).
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Lighter, recyclable body seal wins SAA award25AUTP03_0803/01/2025
A lighter, colorable and fully recyclable thermoplastic body seal from Cooper Standard won the annual Innovations in Lightweighting Award given by the Society for Automotive Analysts. At the society's December meeting, Jay Murdock, senior product development engineer for Cooper Standard, accepted the award and said its FlexiCore product was designed with an eye on strong trends in what OEMs want from suppliers: sustainability, carbon neutrality, lightweighting and recyclability.
Clonts, Chris
PACKING, PREFORMED - MS28775 O-RINGAS28775A (Current)02/08/2025
A-6C2 Seals Committee
O-Ring Molded from AMS7267 Material, MetricMA3442A (Current)02/08/2025
This material type has resistance to hot air, but generally has poor resistance to fuels and lubricants, but usage is not limited to such applications. Each application should be considered separately. This material type has a typical service temperature range of -85 to 500 °F (-65 to 260 °C). The operating temperature range of the material is a general temperature range, but the presence of particular fluids and design parameters may modify this range. Recommendations on the material selection are based on available technical data and are offered as suggestions only. Each user should make his own tests to determine the suitability for his own particular use.
A-6C2 Seals Committee
Enhancing O-Ring Performance Prediction Using Machine Learning2025-28-016102/07/2025
O-rings are essential components in engineering products as they ensure leak-proof sealing and hinders amalgamation of various fluids in the system. O-rings in general have lot of factors that go into deciding the right design for a system. With the help of FEA, O-ring design is varied to ensure optimal results. However, this process is time and resource consuming. Considering this situation, an alternative approach to predict the outcome with the help of DOE study is chosen in this paper. It leverages the Machine Learning models to predict the output parameters effectively with less resources. With the help of performance parameters, this paper proposes a comparison of various native ML models like Linear Regression, Random Forrest, SVM, KNN, Boosting, Artificial Neural Networks and Kriging [7]. The Goal is to systematically compare the prediction performance of various models based on bootstrapping and hypothesis testing techniques to identify the most effective approach. This
Mallu, Venkata Reddy, Penumatsa, Venkata Ramana Raju, Chirravuri, Bhaskara, Duddu, Varaprasad, Miller, Ronald, Sahu, Abhishek
Rectangular Cross Section Polymeric Sealing RingsJ2310_202412 (Current)12/06/2024
The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to establish guidelines for the automatic transmission and hydraulic systems engineer to design rectangular cross section seals for rotating and static grooved shaft applications. Also included are property comparisons of polymeric materials suitable for these applications. Historically, material covered in this document is not intended to include aluminum contact applications.
Automatic Transmission and Transaxle Committee
How a Standardized Platform Delivered Precision Motion ControlTBMG-5217912/01/2024
When a physician injects a patient with medication from a glass vial, they want to know that the drug inside that vial is sterile and stable. That’s where Genesis Packaging Technologies comes in. Genesis Packaging Technologies, formally a division of the West Company, was founded in 1946. Today, Genesis is a one of the leaders in the science and technology of parenteral vial sealing and residual seal force testing.
PRODUCT BRIEFS24AUTP12_1312/01/2024
Investigating Contact Pressure in Combustion Seal Designs for Injectors: Experimental and Finite Element Analysis03-18-01-000711/22/2024
This study investigated the contact pressure distribution of three combustion seal designs for fuel injectors using both experimental techniques and finite element analysis (FEA). The designs tested included the baseline seal (Design #1), a conical seal (Design #2), and the current production seal (Design #3). In phase 1, a 2D axisymmetric FEA was conducted under worst-case torque conditions (67.8 Nm) to simulate contact pressure, with an axial load of 10 kN and combustion pressure of 21.3 MPa applied to the injector assembly. Phase 2 employed Fuji films to measure the pressure distribution at higher torques (89.5 and 115.2 Nm) in a more realistic scenario, incorporating challenges such as misalignment and eccentric loading. During this phase, Fuji film shearing was a significant challenge, complicating the accurate assessment of pressure profiles. Design #1 failed to maintain the minimum threshold contact pressure of 70 MPa over a 1 mm length, leading to potential leakage. Design #2
Kaliyanda, Aneesh
SPLICE, ELECTRIC, PERMANENT, CRIMP STYLE, NICKEL-COATED COPPER, INSULATED, ENVIRONMENT RESISTANT, CLASS 1, 175 °C, HEATLESS SEALINGAS81824/14C (Current)11/06/2024
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
TERMINAL, ELECTRIC, PERMANENT, CRIMP STYLE, TIN-COATED COPPER, INSULATED, ENVIRONMENT RESISTANT, CLASS 1 150 °C, HEATLESS SEALINGAS7928/14B (Current)11/06/2024
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
FITTING, TEE, REDUCER AND NON-REDUCER, BEAM SEAL, 3000/4000 PSI, MALE ON RUN AND BRANCH, SWIVEL NUT ON RUNAS85421/5E (Current)10/21/2024
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Water Cooled Reciprocating Air Compressor Used in Automotive Applications2024-28-001410/17/2024
Most of the heavy commercial vehicles are installed with Pneumatic brake system where the medium is a pressurized pneumatic air generated with the reciprocating air compressor. Heating is an undesirable effect of the compression process during loading cycles as reciprocating air compressors are concerned. Therefore it is necessary to reduce the delivery air temperature of compressor for safer operation of downstream products. The present investigation deals with the measurement of the delivery air temperature of a typical 318 cc water cooled compressor. A through steady state conjugate heat transfer analysis is conducted for the given speed and with the specification cooling water flow rate to predict the delivery air temperature. Pressure drop across the cooling water flow path has been measured and optimum flow rate is arrived to meet the design requirement. The results of characteristic analysis and comparative research show that the cooling system can obviously reduce the cylinder
N, Prabhakar, V A, Sahaya Irudayaraj, Raj, Amal, T, Sukumar
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