Browse Topic: Coatings, colorants, and finishes
Additive Manufacturing (AM), specifically Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), has become a revolutionary technology for creating intricate shapes using different materials. Polylactic Acid (PLA) is a biodegradable thermoplastic that is commonly used in additive manufacturing (AM) because of its environmentally friendly properties, affordability, and ease of use. The objective of this study is to optimize the FDM parameters for PLA material and create predictive models using the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to forecast printing performance. An investigation was carried out through experimental trials to examine the impact of important FDM parameters, such as layer thickness, infill density, printing speed, and nozzle temperature, on critical outcomes such as dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical properties. The utilization of design of experiments (DOE) methodology enabled a methodical exploration of parameters. A predictive model using ANFIS was created to
Additive Manufacturing (AM), specifically Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), has transformed the manufacturing industry by allowing the creation of intricate shapes using different materials. Polylactic Acid (PLA) is a biodegradable thermoplastic that is commonly used in additive manufacturing (AM) because of its environmentally friendly nature, affordability, and ease of processing. This study aims to optimize the parameters of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) for PLA material using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approach. The researchers performed experimental trials to examine the impact of important FDM parameters, such as layer thickness, infill density, printing speed, and nozzle temperature, on critical outcomes, including dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical properties. The methodology of design of experiments (DOE) enabled a systematic exploration of parameters. The TOPSIS approach, a technique for making decisions
Additive Manufacturing (AM), specifically Fusion Deposition Modeling (FDM), has transformed the manufacturing industry by allowing the creation of complex structures using a wide range of materials. The objective of this study is to enhance the FDM process for Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) material by utilizing the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) optimization method. The study examines the influence of FDM parameters, such as layer height, nozzle temperature, and infill density, on important characteristics of the printing process, such as tensile strength, flexibility, and surface finish. The collection of experimental data is achieved by conducting systematic FDM printing trials that cover a variety of parameter combinations. The TOPSIS optimization method is utilized to determine the optimal parameter settings by evaluating each parameter combination against the ideal and anti-ideal solutions. This method determines the optimal parameter
The future of wireless technology - from charging devices to boosting communication signals - relies on the antennas that transmit electromagnetic waves becoming increasingly versatile, durable and easy to manufacture. Researchers at Drexel University and the University of British Columbia believe kirigami, the ancient Japanese art of cutting and folding paper to create intricate three-dimensional designs, could provide a model for manufacturing the next generation of antennas. Recently published in the journal Nature Communications, research from the Drexel-UBC team showed how kirigami - a variation of origami - can transform a single sheet of acetate coated with conductive MXene ink into a flexible 3D microwave antenna whose transmission frequency can be adjusted simply by pulling or squeezing to slightly shift its shape
This specification establishes the requirements for dyed anodic coatings on aluminum alloys
ABSTRACT Autonomous driving is emerging as the future of transportation recently. For autonomous driving to be safe and reliable the perception sensors need sufficient vision in sometimes challenging operating conditions including dust, dirt, and moisture or during inclement weather. LiDAR perception sensors used in certain autonomous driving solutions require both a clean and dry sensor screen to effectively operate in a safe manner. In this paper, UV durable Hydrophobic (UVH) coatings were developed to improve LiDAR sensing performance. A lab testbed was successfully constructed to evaluate UVH coatings and uncoated control samples for LiDAR sensor under the simulated weathering conditions, including fog, rain, mud, and bug. In addition, a mobile testbed was developed in partnership with North Dakota State University (NDSU) to evaluate the UVH coatings in an autonomous moving vehicle under different weathering conditions. These UV-durable easy-to-clean coatings with high optical
ABSTRACT Active thermography has been demonstrated to be an effective tool for detection of near-surface corrosion hidden under paint, as well as hidden material loss due to corrosion. Compared to established point inspection techniques (e.g. ultrasound, eddy current), thermography offers fast, wide-area inspection of flat or curved surfaces that does not require direct contact or coupling. In its simplest form, it can be used to perform qualitative inspection using a heat gun or lamp and an uncooled IR camera. Recent developments in thermographic signal processing, coupled with improved IR camera and thermal excitation technology have resulted in significant advances in resolution, sensitivity and probability of detection of near and far-surface corrosion, and the ability to perform quantitative characterization of corrosion
ABSTRACT Military vehicle survivability can be enhanced by implementing Lightweight Fuel Tanks with an Engineered Self-Sealing and Energy Absorbing solution. A thin walled plastic or aluminum fuel tank with an outer self-sealing protection coating and a properly installed ballistic baffle provide increased sealing performance as compared to amour protected fuel tank. Design features include reduced weight penalty, survivability, self-sealing against kinetic energy threats, maximum fuel in space claim, flexible design, and low tooling charges. Citation: Stuck, LW, “Self Sealing Fuel Tanks in Vehicles Without Armor”, In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 10-12, 2021
Butterflies can see more of the world than humans, including more colors and the field oscillation direction, or polarization, of light. This special ability enables them to navigate with precision, forage for food, and communicate with one another. Other species, like the mantis shrimp, can sense an even wider spectrum of light, as well as the circular polarization, or spinning states, of light waves. They use this capability to signal a “love code,” which helps them find and be discovered by mates
An ultrathin coating was developed that contradicts a physics phenomenon of materials related to thermal radiation: The hotter an object gets, the brighter it glows. The new coating is engineered from samarium nickel oxide, a unique tunable material. The coating “breaks” the relationship between temperature and thermal radiation; essentially, there is a temperature range within which the power of the thermal radiation emitted by the coating stays the same
From televisions to smartphones, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are finding their way into many everyday devices. For use in displays, blue OLEDs are also required to supplement the primary colors — red and green. Especially in blue OLEDs, impurities give rise to strong electrical losses, which could be partly circumvented by using highly complex and expensive device layouts
This specification covers the requirements for black oxide coatings on parts
Many performance sport passenger vehicles use drilled or grooved cast iron brake rotors for a better braking performance or a cosmetic reason. Such brake rotors would unfortunately cause more brake dust emission, appearing with dirty wheel rims. To better understand the effects of such brake rotors on particle emission, a pin-on-disc tribometer with two particle emission measurement devices was used to monitor and collect the emitted airborne particles. The first device was an aerodynamic particle sizer, which is capable of measuring particles ranging from 0.5 to 20 μm. The second device was a condensation particle counter, which measures and collects particles from 4 nm to 3 μm. The testing samples were scaled-down brake discs (100 mm in diameter) against low-metallic brake pads. Two machined surface conditions (plain and grooved) with uncoated or ceramic-coated friction surfaces were selected for the investigation. The results showed that the grooved friction surface led to a higher
A soft, flexible film senses the presence of nearby objects without physically touching them. The study features the new sensor technology to detect eyelash proximity in blink-tracking glasses
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) covers the requirements for the types of glass to be utilized in the fabrication of cover glasses and lighting wedges used in aerospace instruments. It defines the maximum extent of physical defects and recommends standard methods of inspection and evaluation. Definitions of terminology used in this document are covered in 2.2
As aerospace engineers push the boundaries of new frontiers, the need for advanced materials that can withstand the rigorous demands of these advanced applications is relentless. These materials go beyond functionality; it is about ensuring reliability in the skies, where failure is not an option. Fluorosilicone can help do exactly that. In the 1960s, the U.S. Air Force noticed that conventional silicone-based sealants, coatings, and other components degraded rapidly when exposed to fuels, de-icing fluids, and other hydrocarbon-based solvents. Dimethyl-based silicones are non-polar and easily absorb hydrocarbon-based solvents, which may result in material swelling, mechanical weakening, and ultimately, failure
This specification covers the requirements for producing a zinc phosphate coating on ferrous alloys and the properties of the coating
This document establishes the requirements for the sequencing of processes relating to parts fabricated from 300M or 4340 modified steel heat treated to, or to be heat treated to, 270,000 psi (1860 MPa) minimum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and higher
This SAE practice is intended for the sample preparation of test pieces for automotive wheels and wheel trim. The practice provides a consistent scribing method for use on test panels and or component parts with substrate chemical pretreatment and coating systems. Test specimens can then be subjected to various corrosion tests in order to evaluate performance without significant variations of the degree of exposure of the substrate. The scribing is used to create a break in the coating/finishing as can occur in the field through gravel and other damaging conditions. NOTE— Significant variability is attributed to surface contour, coating hardness/softness, operator reproducibility, and the scribing tool and it’s condition
Making a Miata feel at home off-road takes ingenuity and some help from modern 3D-printing tech. I have always loved off-road racing. I love the innovation, grit and determination it takes to get across the finish line after 250, 500 or even 1,000 miles (402, 805 or 1,609 km) of racing. I have also always loved Miatas. I bought my first NA in 1994 and never looked back. I currently own a 2004 Mazdaspeed Miata and a 2001 lifted Miata
Researchers have created a flexible paper-based sensor that operates like the human brain. They fabricated a photo-electronic artificial synapse device composed of gold electrodes on top of a 10 μm transparent film consisting of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs
This specification establishes the requirements for a hard anodic coating on aluminum and aluminum alloys
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the nomenclature for surface finishes commonly used for sheet and strip in aerospace material specifications. It is applicable to steel and to iron, nickel, cobalt, and titanium base alloys
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