Browse Topic: Water quality
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the requirements for air cycle air conditioning systems used on military air vehicles for cooling, heating, ventilation, and moisture and contamination control. General recommendations for an air conditioning system, which may include an air cycle system as a cooling source, are included in MIL-E-18927E and JSSG-2009. Air cycle air conditioning systems include those components which condition high temperature and high pressure air for delivery to occupied and equipment compartments and to electrical and electronic equipment. This document is applicable to open and closed loop air cycle systems. Definitions are contained in Section 5 of this document
Engineers at the University of California San Diego have developed an ultra-sensitive sensor made with graphene that can detect extraordinarily low concentrations of lead ions in water. The device achieves a record limit of detection of lead down to the femtomolar range, which is one million times more sensitive than previous sensing technologies
Arsenic and ammonia in ground and surface waters pose significant health risks globally, especially for remote areas where access to safe drinking water is a concern for U.S. military personnel. Current removal materials and methods lack contaminant specificity. This study developed adsorptive resins and membranes specifically targeting arsenate and ammonia removal using molecularly imprinted acrylate polymers supported on graphitic carbon nitride. These materials showed comparable arsenate removal capacity to commercial resins. Higher ammonia removal capacity but lower selectivity was demonstrated by these materials in comparison to commercial resins. This research aims to enhance water treatment materials for ensuring clean drinking water access in remote military locations
Curtiss-Wright Corporation Davidson, NC info@curtisswright.com
Tracking the spread of COVID-19 through communities provided essential data for public-health officials and individuals to make informed decisions during the pandemic. One method that proved useful was collecting, concentrating, and testing municipal wastewater for the presence of the virus that caused the illness. As this testing ramped up, a technology developed for NASA to identify pathogens inside spacecraft saved time and produced dependable results on Earth
NASA Kennedy Space Center has developed a water remediation treatment system that utilizes an affordable media that is highly selective for ammonia, allowing large concentrations of ammonia in wastewater to be reduced to levels less than 1 ppm. Following treatment, the media is regenerated for reuse in the system and ammonia is captured as a by-product
A commonplace chemical used in water treatment facilities has been repurposed for large-scale energy storage in a new battery design by researchers at the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The design provides a pathway to a safe, economical, water-based, flow battery made with Earth-abundant materials. It provides another pathway in the quest to incorporate intermittent energy sources such as wind and solar energy into the nation’s electric grid
Inspired by a small and slow snail, scientists have developed a robot prototype that may one day scoop up microplastics from the surfaces of oceans, seas, and lakes
Recent experiments by a team from the West Virginia University focused on how a weightless microgravity environment affects 3D printing using titania foam, a material with potential applications ranging from UV blocking to water purification. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces published their findings
Billions of people around the world lack access to clean, drinkable water. A research team led by engineers at The University of Texas at Austin has developed a new water filtration system using locally sourced materials for members of the Navajo Nation in the Southwest
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) describes the performance of plating’s and coatings for landing gear that potentially provide environmental compliance benefits versus the current baseline processes. The hazardous systems addressed in this version of the document include cadmium plating, chromated primers, and high VOC (volatile organic compounds) topcoats. The AIR applies to landing gear structures and mechanisms for all types of civil and military aircraft. The potential replacements apply to both Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) hardware and overhaul of in-service landing gears
This report describes a preliminary research effort to modify whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing protocols designed for continuous flow discharges for application to episodic and/or ephemeral discharges such as those associated with storm water runoff. The effort was undertaken in response to a Naval Base San Diego industrial stormwater National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit (R9-2013-0064) condition that allows the Navy to assess and propose alternative testing parameters. This research (at the time it was conducted) was done for Naval Base San Diego by environmental toxicologists at the Navy’s Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific (SSC Pacific
Scientists have created a cybersecurity technology called Shadow Figment that is designed to lure hackers into an artificial world, then stop them from doing damage by feeding them illusory tidbits of success. The aim is to sequester bad actors by captivating them with an attractive, but imaginary world. The technology is aimed at protecting physical targets — infrastructure such as buildings, the electric grid, water and sewage systems, and pipelines
Lubricant additives have a strong influence on the tribological performance of internal combustion engine components, and it is currently one of the leading research driving forces within lubricant companies. However, the anti-friction and anti-wear additives work forming surface tribofilms may have their performance affected by ethanol or water contamination. As both ethanol and water are polar, they may compete on the surface with the additives, avoiding or delaying the additive tribofilm formation. In this work, the effect of ethanol and water on the performance of 4 different fully formulated SAE 0W-20 engine oils, differing only on the friction modifier (FM) additive technology employed, was investigated. In order to emulate fuel dilutions, three tests conditions were carried out for each engine oil: (i) fresh, (ii) in the presence of ethanol, and (iii) in the presence of ethanol and water. Friction and wear of actual piston ring and liner were evaluated in a reciprocating test
Army-funded research identified a new chemistry approach that could remove micropollutants from the environment. Micropollutants are biological or chemical contaminants that make their way into ground and surface waters in trace quantities
The interiors of nonflowering trees, such as pine and ginkgo, contain sapwood lined with straw-like conduits known as xylem that draw water up through a tree’s trunk and branches. Xylem conduits are interconnected via thin membranes that act as natural sieves, filtering out bubbles from water and sap
Among the many avenues that viruses can use to infect humans, drinking water may pose only a tiny risk for spreading certain viruses like the novel coronavirus. But in cases where there is unauthorized wastewater disposal or other events of inadvertent mixing of wastewater with water sources, the possibility of transmission through drinking water remains unknown
This document describes a standard method for measuring the viscosity of thickened (AMS1428) Type II/III/IV Aircraft Deicing/Anti-icing Fluids. The determination of viscosity for a Non-Newtonian fluid is very sensitive to shear and differences in sample chamber geometry. Even slight differences can have a large effect on measurement results. The test parameters and associated error for this standard are applicable to the Brookfield LV viscometer. A Brookfield LV or equivalent viscometer shall be used. To be considered equivalent, an alternate viscometer must demonstrate statistically equivalent performance, i.e., accuracy and precision when testing thickened (AMS1428) fluids using the same test parameters and conditions.Test parameters and conditions outside of the ranges described within this standard may be used only if they meet minimum limits for precision and accuracy established for the Brookfield LV viscometer. To compare viscosities, the same test parameters and conditions
This column presents technologies that have applications in commercial areas, possibly creating the products of tomorrow. To learn more about each technology, see the contact information provided for that innovation
Researchers have integrated water purification technology into a new proof-of-concept design for a sea water electrolyzer that uses an electric current to split apart the hydrogen and oxygen in water molecules. This new method for “sea water splitting” could make it easier to turn wind and solar energy into a storable and portable fuel
The present study is focused on the significance of solar desalination heat storage method. The Solar energy is a prime source of energy existing directly or indirectly from the nature. The primary drawback of solar energy, which is existing in hours only. Thermal storage devices can overcome this problem as they can store the energy in daylight that can be utilized in off sunshine hours. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the increase in productivity of the solar desalination by using phase change material and combination of PCM with TiO2 (Nano particles). The present work is focused on performance of solar water desalination using Phase Change Materials along with TiO2 Nanoparticles. The Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles were synthesized by Sol-Gel method. The Titanium oxide Nano particles were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, and FTIR etc. In this experiment paraffin 34-carbons is used as phase change materials and Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles used for energy storage materials. The
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