Browse Topic: Telecommunications systems

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858P2-1 Internet Protocol Suite (IPS) for Aeronautical Safety Services, Part 2, IPS Gateway Air-Ground InteroperabilityARINC858P2-1 (Current)7/12/2024
ARINC 858 Part 2 provides aviation ground system gateway considerations necessary to transition to the Internet Protocol Suite (IPS). ARINC 858 Part 2 describes the principles of operation for an IPS gateway that enables ACARS application messages to be exchanged between an IPS aircraft and a ground ACARS host. ARINC 858 Part 2 also describes the principles of operation for an IPS gateway that enables OSI-based application messages to be exchanged between an IPS host and an OSI end system. This product was developed in coordination with ICAO WG-I, RTCA SC-223, and EUROCAE WG-108.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
858P3-1 Internet Protocol Suite (IPS) for Aeronautical Safety Services, Part 3, Common IPS Radio Interface ProtocolARINC858P3-1 (Current)7/12/2024
ARINC 858 Part 3 defines a Common IPS Radio Interface (CIRI) protocol for conveying radio status information and transferring digital data between the Airborne IPS System and Airborne Radios. This standard includes the functional description of the protocol, including applicable use cases, protocol message formats, and protocol operation for both control plane and data plane exchanges. The protocol is intended to operate over a variety of on-aircraft communication means, including, but not limited to, ethernet-based and ARINC 664-based aircraft networks. The reader should also reference ARINC 858 Part 1 and Part 2. This product was developed in coordination with ICAO WG-I, RTCA SC-223, and EUROCAE WG-108.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
618-9 Air/Ground Character-Oriented Protocol SpecificationARINC618-9 (Current)7/17/2023
This standard defines the Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS), a VHF data link that transfers character-oriented data between aircraft systems and ground systems. This communications facility enables the aircraft to operate as part of the airline's command, control and management system. The latest revision to the standard provisions for the ATN/IPS protocol, complementing other defined protocols, e.g., POA (VDL Mode 0/A) and ACARS over AVLC (AOA).
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Communications Infrastructure UAVsTBMG-456994/26/2022
Kraus Hamdani Aerospace, Emeryville, CA
Analysis of emergency warning systems in the event of an air accidentSAE-PP-0020711/17/2021
Serious injuries occur in an aviation accident. After a plane crash, passengers can have different types of injuries and fractures. When an aircraft crashes into water, rescue services must find the airplane quickly because initial survivors later die due to injuries sustained during the accident and the harsh environmental conditions. This article presents the result of the research on aircraft accidents. The different deficiencies found in emergency warning systems are exposed, the case of an overwater accident is analyzed and possible solutions are presented. A reduction in the response and rescue time is obtained and as a consequence a reduction in fatalities.
Diaz, Maria, Isasi, Fernando
Facing 5G New Radio (NR) Test ChallengesTBMG-398699/1/2021
It has been nearly five years since the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) released ITU-R M.2083-0, with a roadmap to release IMT-2020 to address the anticipated future of 5G performance that would greatly eclipse that of IMT-Advanced and then-planned 4G technology.
Facing 5G New Radio (NR) Test Challenges21AERP09_059/1/2021
It has been nearly five years since the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) released ITU-R M.2083-0, with a roadmap to release IMT-2020 to address the anticipated future of 5G performance that would greatly eclipse that of IMT-Advanced and then-planned 4G technology. In 2017, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) rushed to release a preliminary version of their 5G standard (Release 15) so telecommunications companies would begin developing hardware and deploying 5G infrastructure according to their guidelines. The result was the new radio (NR) standard for 5G that includes a non-stand-alone (NSA) millimeter-wave spectrum capability and additional sub-6 GHz cellular bands. Release 15 has provided enhanced mobile broad-band (eMBB) specifications, with future updates to Release 16 and a Release 17 to provide more definition of massive machine-type communications (mMMC) and ultrareliable low-latency communications (URLLC).
Modeling a UAV-Based Mesh Network to Analyze Latency and ThroughputTBMG-390355/1/2021
As the military has moved toward network-centric operations, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly valuable for capturing realtime information for joint operations on the ground. Several attributes inherent in electronic systems architecture, however, contribute to issues in using these systems today. Enhancing the capabilities of electronic systems requires reinforcing the command and control cycle and supporting the frontline mission.
Sonobuoy Dispensing & Remote Processing SystemTBMG-390415/1/2021
General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. Poway, CA 858-312-2810
Video EncodersTBMG-389154/1/2021
Delta Digital Video Horsham, PA (215) 657-5270
Research on Platoon Dynamic Dispatching at Unsignalized Intersections in Intelligent and Connected Transportation Systems2020-01-519912/30/2020
In Intelligent and Connected Transportation Systems (ICTS), vehicles, infrastructure, pedestrians exchange information through two-way telecommunication network. The system collects and uses multi-source data sufficiently so that control measures can be implemented in real-time. However, few studies have discussed how to achieve fairness based on dynamic priority. In this paper, the Platoon Dynamic Dispatching Model (PDDM), based on Vehicle-Intersection Coordination Scheme (VICS), is proposed to control vehicles. The first stage establishes the trajectory model and defines the conflict zones at the intersection. Platoons forms at the upstream, then the conflict risk indicator model is applied to predict the collision risk of the platoons. The dynamic priority dispatching model is applied to change the passing order of platoons at an intersection from all directions in real-time according to their status at the upstream. Finally, PDDM is solved by the wolf pack algorithm. The scenario is simulated by SUMO, and the Python-TraCI Library is used for interfacing a python script. The experimental results show that when the arrival rate is 1200pcu/h, the traffic efficiency is 2.83 times that of the Priority Control Model (PCM) model, and there is almost no parking. The average travel time and the average lost time is significantly reduced. Under the initial priority conditions, the results meet the expectations of the dynamic priority dispatching model.
Li, Qingyang, Zhang, Jian, Ji, Yaping, Wu, Kunrun, Yu, Tongshan, Wang, Jian
Human Engineering Recommendations for Data Link SystemsARP4791B (Current)11/3/2020
This document sets forth general, functional, procedural, and design criteria and recommendations concerning human engineering of data link systems. The recommendations are based on limited evidence from empirical and analytic studies of simulated data link communication, and on experience from operational tests and actual use of data link. However, because data are not yet available to support recommendations on all potentially critical human engineering issues these recommendations necessarily go beyond the data link research and include requirements based on related research and human factors engineering practice. It is also recognized that evolution of these recommendations will be appropriate as experience with data link accumulates and new applications are implemented. This document focuses primarily on recommendations for data link communications between an air traffic specialist and a pilot, i.e., air traffic services communications, although some recommendations address use of data link for flight information services. Unless otherwise specified within the text, all recommendations apply to both flight deck and ground-based data link systems. This document is intended as a guide for development and evaluation of data link systems. Human engineering considerations are an important element of data link system performance. As illustrated in Figure 1, human engineering recommendations address many component functions required for effective data link communication services in the operational environment. For presentation purposes, the recommendations are divided into five sections: General, functional, procedures, flight deck/air traffic service (ATS) workstation integration, and human-computer interface. To facilitate understanding and use of this document appropriate cross-references to interrelated recommendations appear in parentheses throughout the text.
G-10EAB Executive Advisory Group
758-4 Communications Management Unit (CMU) Mark 2ARINC758-4 (Current)11/26/2019
This ARINC Standard specifies the ARINC 758 Mark 2 Communications Management Unit (CMU) as an on-board message router capable of managing various datalink networks and services available to the aircraft. Supplement 4 adds Ethernet interfaces, per ARINC Specification 664 Part 2. This will allow the CMU to communicate with IP based radio transceivers (e.g., L-Band Satellite Communication Systems (Inmarsat SwiftBroadband (SBB) and Iridium Certus), ACARS over IP, AeroMACS, etc.).
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Location Referencing Message Specification (LRMS)J2266_201906 (Current)6/11/2019
The Location Referencing Message Specification (LRMS) standardizes location referencing for ITS applications that require the communication of spatial data references between databases. ITS databases may reside in central sites, vehicles, or devices on or off roads or other transportation links. The LRMS is applicable to both homogeneous (same database) and mixed database environments that may be implemented on wireless or landline networks. While developed for ITS applications, the LRMS may be used for non-ITS applications as well within the field of geographic information processing.
V2X Core Technical Committee
Understanding the “Black Art” of RF and Microwave SwitchingTBMG-341264/1/2019
Understanding RF, especially microwave switching, can be a challenge. In many cases, test systems have been compromised because a test engineer did not consider all the components of their test system: instruments, switching, cabling, Mass Interconnect (test fixture interface), fixture design, and so on. Each component has its own set of characteristics. With RF and microwave components, effects including insertion loss, VSWR, bandwidth, and so on all need to be considered as well.
Understanding the “Black Art” of RF and Microwave Switching19AERP04_064/1/2019
Understanding RF, especially microwave switching, can be a challenge. In many cases, test systems have been compromised because a test engineer did not consider all the components of their test system: instruments, switching, cabling, Mass Interconnect (test fixture interface), fixture design, and so on. Each component has its own set of characteristics. With RF and microwave components, effects including insertion loss, VSWR, bandwidth, and so on all need to be considered as well. Higher bandwidth is a constant demand. The most obvious current example is the emergence of 5G systems that will be hitting the market in the near future, but there are many defense systems - often with their own protocols - that are now operating at RF and high-frequency bandwidths. In short, the need to employ repeatable, accurate RF and microwave switching systems is only going to increase, and while this may appear to be a “sexy” subject, without a proper appreciation of the challenges involved, test systems designers could find themselves facing a lengthy process involving a great many iterations while inconsistencies and failures are ironed out.
Text Tech: Navy Vessels Use Shipboard Signal Lamps for Text MessagingTBMG-338933/1/2019
Sponsored by the Office of Naval Research's (ONR) TechSolutions program, the Flashing Light to Text Converter (FLTC) features a camera that can be mounted atop a signal lamp to receive Morse code bursts from another lamp within view. A hand-held device or laptop computer is connected to this camera to display text messages sent and received.
Transmitted Enhanced Loran (eLoran) Signal Standard for 9th Pulse ModulationSAE9990/2 (Current)9/17/2018
This eLoran transmitted signal standard provides technical descriptions of the data channel using ninth pulse modulation techniques. The eLoran transmitted signal standard, to which this data channel technique applies, is part of the SAE9990 family of standards covering data channels, receiver specifications, and recommended practices for eLoran.
PNT Position, Navigation, and Timing
Transmitted Enhanced Loran (eLoran) Signal Standard for Tri-State Pulse Position ModulationSAE9990/1 (Current)9/17/2018
This eLoran transmitted signal standard provides technical descriptions of a data channel based on the tri-state pulse position modulation technique. The eLoran transmitted signal standard, to which this data channel technique applies, is part of the SAE9990 family of standards covering data channels, receiver specifications, and recommended practices for eLoran.
PNT Position, Navigation, and Timing
Transmitted Enhanced Loran (eLoran) Signal StandardSAE9990 (Current)9/13/2018
This transmitted eLoran signal standard provides technical descriptions of the waveform, specifications, and explanations. The data channel, receiver specification, and recommended practices are described in the SAE9990 family of standards.
PNT Position, Navigation, and Timing
Material Brings Optical Communication onto Silicon ChipsTBMG-324988/1/2018
An increase in computing performance has been achieved by squeezing ever more transistors into a tighter space on microchips. This downsizing has also meant packing the wiring within microprocessors ever more tightly together, leading to effects such as signal leakage between components, which can slow down communication between different parts of the chip. This delay, known as the “interconnect bottleneck,” is becoming an increasing problem in high-speed computing systems.
658 Internet Protocol Suite (IPS) for Aeronautical Safety Services - Roadmap DocumentARINC658 (Current)12/18/2017
ARINC 658 was prepared to recognize the expanding role of data communication technology and the evolutionary path forward starting from ACARS protocols, to ATN/OSI protocols, and eventually ATN/IPS protocols using highly secure networks. The ATN/IPS network will be implemented onboard an aircraft and in the ground infrastructure to support safety services, including Air Traffic Services (ATS) and Aeronautical Operational Control (AOC). As such it provides a so-called "roadmap" for the development of the aviation standards for ATN/IPS services. ATN/IPS standards will evolve in coming years and be coordinated with other international standards organizations such as ICAO, EUROCAE and RTCA.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
BLAST: BANDWIDTH AND LATENCY-SCALABLE TELEOPERATION12024-01-36208/2/2016
ABSTRACT This paper describes an approach to aid the many military unmanned ground vehicles which are still teleoperated using a wireless Operator Control Unit (OCU). Our approach provides reliable control over long-distance, highly-latent, low-bandwidth communication links. The innovation in our approach allows refinement of the vehicle’s planned trajectory at any point in time along the path. Our approach uses hand-gestures to provide intuitive fast path editing options, avoiding traditional keyboard/mouse inputs which can be cumbersome for this application. Our local reactive planner is used for vehicle safeguarding. Using this approach, we have performed successful teleoperation nearly 1500 miles away over a cellular-based communications channel. We also discuss results from our user-tests which have evaluated our innovative controller approach with more traditional teleoperation over highly-latent communication links.
Baker, Chris L, Batavia, Parag
714A Mark 4 Airborne Selective Calling (SELCAL)ARINC714A (Current)11/4/2015
This document represents a significant improvement to existing Selective Calling (SELCAL) standards used with HF and VHF voice communications. The goal is to eliminate the possibility that two or more aircraft could respond to the same radio call. The Mark 4 SELCAL system definition provides the following: " Guidance for integrated and federated audio systems " 32 audio tones total (16+16) yielding up to 215,760 unique codes " SELCAL form, fit, and function definition " Interwiring and installation details " Defines SELCAL decoding requirements in the presence of significant signal degradation.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
American National Standard Code for Information Interchange for Numerical Machine ControlEIA358C (Current)9/1/2015
This Standard describes the use of ANSI X3.4 for numerically controlled machines, attached communication equipment, and associated perforated tape preparation equipment.
Systems Management Council
735B-2 Traffic Computer TCAS and ADS-B FunctionalityARINC735B-2 (Current)8/6/2015
This document defines a Traffic Surveillance capability for NextGen and SESAR airspace environments. Supplement 2 adds hybrid surveillance functionality. It satisfies recent updates to FAA Airworthiness Circular AC 20-151B - Airworthiness Approval of Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS II), and Technical Standard Order TSO-119d requiring the annunciation of a hybrid surveillance failure. Supplement 2 also adds strobe program pinning, updates TCAS inputs status, improves aircraft troubleshooting, and supports recent central maintenance computer function block point updates.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
CDIF Integrated Meta-model - State/Event Model Subject AreaEIAIS116 (Current)7/1/2015
The CDIF Family of Standards is primarily designed to be used as a description of a mechanism for transferring information between CASE tools. It facilitates a successful transfer when the authors of the importing and exporting tools have nothing in common except an agreement to conform to CDIF. The language that is defined for the Transfer Format also has applicability as a general language for Import/Export from repositories. The CDIF Integrated Meta-model defined for CASE also has applicability as the basis of standard definitions for use in repositories. The standards that form the complete family of CDIF Standards are documented in EIA/IS-106 CDIF - CASE Data Interchange Format - Overview. These standards cover the overall framework, the transfer format and the CDIF Integrated Meta-model. The diagram in Figure 1 depicts the various standards that comprise the CDIF Family of Standards. The shaded box depicts this standard and its position in the CDIF Family of Standards.
Systems Management Council
Air-Ground Communications System Aims to Make Flying SaferTBMG-222986/1/2015
Reliance on old-fashioned radio contact by pilots and vulnerable tracking systems is still high, but satellites are set to change sky safety, thanks to international collaboration. The European Space Agency’s Iris program is looking to satellites to make aviation safer through modern communications. Worldwide digital data links via satellite, offering much higher capacity, will become the standard for cockpit crews, with voice communications kept as backup.
Integrated automotive gateway can enable connected cars14AUTD12_0312/2/2014
One of the biggest challenges connected cars pose is the integration of information and consumer electronics into the car and ensuring connectivity among them. Connected-car technology has become a key differentiator for car makers and their Tier 1 suppliers. One of the biggest challenges connected cars pose is the integration of information and consumer electronics into the car and ensuring connectivity among them. Connected-car applications such as telematics, driver assistance, and infotainment require seamless connectivity to and from the vehicle. Modern cars are built with embedded computers called ECUs (electronic control units) that are further connected to sensors for data acquisition. The in-vehicle network is further divided into sub-networks such as CAN (controller area network), MOST (media-oriented safety transport), and FlexRay. The choice of the bus network depends on the communication requirements of the connected ECUs and the baseline vehicle platform out of which a new vehicle line is derived.
830 Aircraft/Ground Information Exchange (AGIE) Using Internet ProtocolARINC830 (Current)9/15/2014
The purpose of this document is to define a general purpose non-proprietary information exchange framework and protocol for the conduct of Internet Protocol based message traffic between aircraft and airline ground infrastructure. This standard is motivated by the vision to substantially simplify information processing management for airlines by eliminating multiple dissimilar implementations with a single universal system and thereby establishing a more economical environment.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Researchers Demonstrate New Way to Control Light in Semiconductor NanocrystalsTBMG-169347/1/2013
As demand for computing and communication capacity surges, the global communication infrastructure struggles to keep pace. The problem is that light signals transmitted through fiber-optic lines must still be processed electronically, creating a bottleneck in telecommunications networks.
Ames Research CenterTBMG-129052/1/2012
NASA Ames Research Center is located in the heart of California’s Silicon Valley, surrounded by high-tech companies, universities, and laboratories. With over $3 billion in capital equipment, 2,500 research personnel, and a $900 million annual budget, Ames plays a critical role in virtually all NASA missions in support of America’s space and aeronautics programs.
General Dynamics to Supply Next-Generation Deep Space Network AntennasTBMG-94133/1/2011
Beam waveguide antennas General Dynamics SATCOM Technologies Newton, NC 828-464-4141
Demystifying Optical Ethernet NetworksTBMG-71462/1/2010
The TDM-to-packet network transformation has been underway in transport/ telecommunications networks for some years now, fueled primarily by two trends: (a) the advent of triple-play (voice, video, data) for enterprise and residential customers and, lately, the explosion in video and mobile data services, and (b) the evolution in both packet- and transport-network equipment.
Photon Counting Chirped Amplitude Modulation LadarTBMG-493612/1/2008
This work is a follow-up to prior efforts to develop a method using Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode (GM-APD) photon counting detectors in chirped amplitude modulation (AM) ladar receivers to yield sensitivities approaching the shot noise limit. Such sensitivities represent about four orders of magnitude improvement over the sensitivities of the currently used unity-gain, opto- electronic mixing (OEM) metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) detectors. These sensitivity improvements may enable compact, low-power, eye-safe, and/or long-range ladar with low-cost, low-bandwidth readout integrated circuits for foliage and camouflage penetration, target ID, manned and unmanned ground and air vehicle navigation, 3D face recognition, battle damage assessment, and change detection.
Microwave Power Combiner/Switch Utilizing a Faraday RotatorTBMG-334211/1/2008
A proposed device for combining or switching electromagnetic beams would have three ports, would not contain any moving parts, and would be switchable among three operating states:
Fiber Optic Communications SystemsTBMG-111662/1/2008
Communications and, more recently telecommunications, are needs deeply engrained in human history. These needs have significantly evolved over time enabling today’s content-rich (text, music, images and video, etc), real-time and multi-location exchanges through electrical, optical or, more broadly, electromagnetic signals conveyed by different media. Among the more versatile is optical fiber.
Modeling and Correlation of an Actively-Controlled Single Phase Mechanically-Pumped Fluid Loop2007-01-31227/9/2007
This paper describes the transient simulation of a single-phase mechanically pumped fluid loop (MPFL) thermal control system, developed in the frame of the European Space Agency ARTES 8 (Advanced Research in Telecommunication Systems - Large Platform Program) program. MPFL is intended to cool a part of the payload on a high power telecommunication satellite. A transient simulation has been implemented using ESATAN/FHTS; hence the results have been correlated with the test results, obtained from full scale MPFL testing, using real on-orbit profiles. The most considerable parts of the activities described herein are simulation of the thermal control law, verification of control parameters during thermo-hydraulic testing and the subsequent correlation.
Kotlyarov, Evgeny, Reuvers, Richard, van Put, Patrick, Tjiptahardja, Tisna, Galouye-Merino, Anne Sophie, Hugonnot, Patrick, Daly, Bernie
Software-Defined Radio Software Aids Development of Space TelecommunicationsTBMG-12132/1/2007
NASA’s John Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, OH, has chosen the Green Hills Platform for Software Defined Radio (SDR) — with Spectrum Signal’s flexComm™ SDR- 4000 communications platform — for the rapid design, development, and refinement of its next-generation Space Telecommunications System Architecture. The Green Hills SDR Platform includes the INTEGRITY® RTOS, a POSIX.1- conformant real-time operating system certified by the IEEE to the POSIX 1003.1 standard; a dual-mode IPv4 networking stack support; and waveform design and development tools.
Science Instruments to Examine Pluto and Its MoonTBMG-5851/1/2006
Science instruments Southwest Research Institute San Antonio, TX 210-684-5111
A vision of military and civilian aviation tomorrowAEROJUL05_047/1/2005
SAE 100 Future look: At Dassault Aviation, we believe the quest to fly “higher, faster, and further” that moved aviation's pioneers will continue to blaze new trails in the 21st century. As will another three-fold goal: aircraft will concurrently grow sturdier, safer, and more versatile. Combat aircraft will have new flight-control systems and possibly vectored thrust engines-opening the door to new and drift-devoid flight patterns-and multi-foil wings. Combined, those new features will make combat aircraft stealthier, swifter, and more aerodynamic. The data-acquisition, transmission, and fusion technology introduced with the Rafale will blend aircraft into seamless synergy with the network of complex information and forces (meaning other aircraft, PCs, radars, satellites, intelligence, coordination and strike systems, etc.) in its environment.
Edelstenne, Charles
Implementation of a New Metric for Assessing and Optimizing the Speech Intelligibility Inside Cars2005-01-24785/16/2005
The speech transmission index (STI), which was first developed for room acoustics and telecommunication systems purposes, aims at assessing the quality of the transmission of speech within a given acoustic channel. Rieter Automotive AG is currently implementing and evaluating this metric for the automotive field. The major difference between the STI and the widely used Articulation Index (AI) is that the calculation of STI takes into account both, the background noise at the talker's position and the alteration of the of the speech signal due to its transmission between the talker and the listener. In this paper, the different stages for the implementation of this metric in the automotive industrial context are highlighted. Especially, the designing of specific equipment for running a reliable measurement is tackled, and an example of the utilization of this metric is given.
Viktorovitch, Michel
Analyzing Spacecraft Telecommunication SystemsTBMG-7188/1/2004
Multi-Mission Telecom Analysis Tool (MMTAT) is a C-language computer program for analyzing proposed spacecraft telecommunication systems. MMTAT utilizes parameterized input and computational models that can be run on standard desktop computers to perform fast and accurate analyses of telecommunication links. MMTAT is easy to use and can easily be integrated with other software applications and run as part of almost any computational simulation. It is distributed as either a stand-alone application program with a graphical user interface or a linkable library with a well-defined set of application programming interface (API) calls. As a stand-alone program, MMTAT provides both textual and graphical output. The graphs make it possible to understand, quickly and easily, how telecommunication performance varies with variations in input parameters. A delimited text file that can be read by any spreadsheet program is generated at the end of each run. The API in the linkable-library form of MMTAT enables the user to control simulation software and to change parameters during a simulation run. Results can be retrieved either at the end of a run or by use of a function call at any time step.
MS-DOS™ Interface for SAE J1708 CommunicationsJ1683_200406 (Current)6/1/2004
The communication driver described in this SAE Recommended Practice resides on the PC between the SAE J1708 hardware and the individual application programs developed by each supplier. From the perspective of the application program, the SAE J1708 hardware is totally transparent. This means diagnostic programs can operate on any PC using any SAE J1708 adapter hardware. The diagnosic (application) program sees no different from one hardware base to the next. All hardware-specific tasks are handled by this document. This allows for complete portability of software programs. It also guarantees complete functionality from one hardware platform to the next. The standard presented applies to computer systems that use the MS-DOS operating system. Design standards that contain the same functionality may be defined in the future for other operating systems.
Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
635-4 HF Data Link ProtocolsARINC635-4 (Current)12/1/2003
This standard describes the functions to be performed by the airborne components of the HFDL to successfully transfer messages between HF ground stations and avionics systems on aircraft where the data is encoded in a bit-oriented format. ARINC 634 and ARINC 753 are companion standards.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
ATN Airborne Implementation2002-01-295811/5/2002
Hamel, Christophe, Judd, Tom, Nguyen, Ketan, Rowe, Bryan, Wohlers, Kevin
PCI Bridge to Instruments and Telecommunication SystemsTBMG-30763/1/2002
A report describes a prototype system interface assembly (SIA) that performs the functions of a compact, radiation-hard application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to be built subsequently. The SIA ASIC would be installed in a spacecraft, where it would function as a peripheralcomponent interface (PCI) with (a) four scientific instruments that generate highspeed serial data streams and (b) either of two spacecraft telecommunication systems — the Small Deep Space Transponder (SDST) or the Space Transponding Modem (STM). Once configured, the serial uplink and downlink channels would conform to the SDST serial interface protocol or the STM modified serial peripheral interface protocol. In the SDST configuration, the downlink could be further configured for Reed-Solomon coding, for turbo coding, for bypass mode, and/or to enable a pseudo-randomizer. The SIA ASIC would operate in conjunction with a bus controller/remote terminal/monitor ASIC (United Technologies BCRTM or equivalent) to provide the control and status interfaces to the telecommunication systems and/or other systems that conform to MIL-STD-1553 devices. The ASIC would control, and would serve as an interface to, memory circuitry configurable by the user as external first-in/first-out buffers for each of the telecommunication and instrument interfaces.
753-3 HF Data Link SystemARINC753-3 (Current)2/16/2001
The characteristics of a High Frequency Data Link (HFDL) communications system are defined by this standard. It defines avionic system components and the associated HF ground system. ARINC 634 and ARINC 635 are companion standards.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Safer Internet access in carsAUTOOCT00_1710/1/2000
Siemens researchers believe that voice-browsing technology can be a safe and cost-effective solution for offering e-mail and Web content in vehicles. The World Wide Web has grown significantly over recent years and now accounts for a large proportion of all Internet traffic. The profile of hypermedia has been raised by the Web, which has supported hypermedia as an appropriate technology for accessing and navigating information spaces. Users can access a range of information and services over the Web, from international news to local restaurant menus. Researchers at Siemens are working to extend the utility of the Web by developing a voice browser that enables users to process e-mail and browse the Web while driving. A key requirement of an in-vehicle voice browser is that it be not only safe, but also sufficiently simple and intuitive to be operated by a driver. The car radio is a popular device for entertainment and information delivery since it allows drivers to listen while keeping their eyes on the road. Additionally, minimal interaction with the radio control panel is required for operation. These two issues have made the car radio a suitable and, more important, safe device for drivers. For these reasons, the car radio is Siemens' choice as the interface device and the basis of a voice browser, the Web-based Interactive Radio Environment (WIRE), for providing drivers with access to e-mail and Web services.
Program for Analysis of Spacecraft Telecommunication SystemsTBMG-68074/1/2000
A computer program facilitates the analysis and design of a radio-communication system for transmitting data from an orbiting spacecraft to ground stations. Input data provided by the user include primarily (1) parameters of the spacecraft orbit (including parameters that specify its position and orientation with respect to a coordinate system that translates with, but does not rotate with, the Earth); (2) either a specification of the gain pattern or else parameters needed to calculate the gain pattern of the antenna aboard the spacecraft; (3) type of spacecraft antenna aiming (nadir-pointed or articulated); (4) locations of the ground stations; (5) downlink bit rates and frequencies; (6) spacecraft instrument data rates; and (7) the angle (relative to the horizon) below which the line of sight from the spacecraft to each ground station is deemed to be blocked. The program calculates the spacecraft trajectory, the times when the spacecraft is visible from each ground station, the times (as functions of visibility and the antenna gain pattern) when radio communication is possible, the number of bits that a ground station can receive from the spacecraft during a given orbit, and the spacecraft data-storage capacity needed to hold data that are generated between communication intervals.
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