Browse Topic: Keyless entry systems
Modern vehicle technologies such as keyless entry, push-button start, digital switches have made it easier and more convenient to operate cars. However, this ease of operation has also introduced new safety concerns, particularly the increased risk of accidental operations by children. This can lead to unintentional vehicle movement, injuries, and even fatalities. Existing safety features (e.g., unattended child presence alarms) mitigate entrapment risks but do not prevent children from unintentionally starting or shifting while inside. This paper proposes implementation of a solution for child-safety system which inhibits certain functionalities to prevent accidental operations by underage occupants. The proposed system combines multiple existing technologies like weight sensors, seat position detection, facial recognition, in vehicle camera tracking to determine the child presence. With this, certain operations can be temporarily inhibited, or the vehicle can ask for secondary confirmation on the Infotainment unit. Unlike existing safety mechanisms that focus primarily on the protection of children in vehicles, this mechanism adds an intelligent safeguard against unintended vehicle operation by minors providing an extra layer of safety. The paper discusses the technical implementation and integrating of such a system into current vehicle architectures, examining potential benefits for occupant and pedestrian safety. Thus, the solution tries to fill the under-addressed safety risk in modern cars.
The advancements of the automotive system in all the aspects from safety to user experience brings never ending list of electronics components into the system. One of the pure critical components in providing the vehicle safety is the digital key or wireless vehicle entry systems. This component is responsible for protecting all the other components of the vehicle and the vehicle itself from thieves and illegal usage of the vehicle. The compromisations of this critical component is equivalent to a compromisations of the entire vehicle along with some legal implications on the vehicle owner. There are numerous additional systems in automotive electronics which enhances the security of the critical, digital key/wireless vehicle entry system in protecting the vehicles from attackers. However, there is no component available in the market which does user/owner authentication considering its impact and criticality on both the vehicle and its owner. Either the lost key or the stolen key in the hands of the illegitimate person who may be an attacker or a thief result in the vehicle theft or the usage of the stolen vehicle for the illegal purposes. These situations cause legal circumstances on the legitimate owner of the vehicle. Hence, in this regard there is a need of user/owner authentication in the existing digital key/wireless vehicle entry systems. The proposed system tries to address this concern by combining the user/owner biometrics with the command passing from the user in-hand device. The proposed system transmits the cryptographically secure combined bio-crypto data from the user in-hand device to the vehicle, where the cryptographic verification if followed by a user verification before proceeding on executing the user requested commands on the vehicle. Upon successful user verification, the respective command actions will be undertaken. Otherwise, the command is considered to be from an illegitimate user using the in-hand device and is discarded. This system also proposes an infrastructure support and mechanism for the user biometric enrollments through Tier-1s and Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs).
Any circuit system employing RF signals emit EM waves which might interfere with adjoining active circuits. A printed circuit board contains metallic strips known as PCB traces carrying signals for circuit functioning. PCB traces can turn into antennae (transmitting or receiving) depending upon the PCB design and the type of signal which they carry. RF systems used in automotive domain ranges from 300MHz to several GHz depending upon the application requirements. Due to space constrains, most the time it is required to design a mixed signal (analog and RF) circuits on single PCB, this constraint leads to crosstalk and other interferences. This paper explains the common pitfalls encountered in designing analog circuit along with RF circuit on the same PCB also this paper gives insight of RF circuits used in automotive remote keyless entry systems coupled with body control module ECU. Finally this paper sums up with methods implemented to minimize the interference between Analog and RF circuits.
Lear will rely more on its expertise in electrical distribution and electronics to help customers enhance vehicle safety and convenience features. Through the 1990s, Lear made a number of acquisitions, beefed up its technical facilities, and strengthened its engineering expertise to position itself as a complete interiors supplier-a major shift from the company's beginnings in seating. A focus on interiors meant putting an additional spotlight on instrument panels, cockpits, doors, overhead systems, flooring, and acoustics. The move beyond being a seating supplier developed as customers, particularly those in North America, started to outsource total interiors. But the business plan started to change when automakers resumed a stance of wanting to “control interiors on a micro-level, and that forced us to take a step back and really re-examine what our core business was,” said Douglas DelGrosso, President and Chief Operating Officer of Lear. The evaluation boiled down to Lear officials seeing interiors-excluding seating and electronics-going in the direction of commodity goods, which would mean minimal if any added value from the supplier side.
Priorities for interior design are many and include increased safety, reduced noise, greater comfort, less complex ergonomics, and more systems support for the driver. After more than a century of progress, the cabin environment is still under development and is likely to be so for many years to come. Even vehicle seats, with a history going back way beyond the buckboard and stagecoach, remain under development with endless-and costly-variations on the same theme. Noise reduction is a focus for vehicle-development engineers. “Personally, I would not put money on active noise control systems, although we do continue to look at the technology,” said Richard Parry-Jones, Group Vice President, Global Product Development, and Chief Technical Officer, Ford Motor Co. “It seems to be a solution looking for a problem.”
The electronics revolution is advancing unabated in vehicle and body control, but the addition of features ranging from electronic power steering to tire-pressure monitoring poses numerous challenges for electronics engineers. The list of electronic controls is expanding rapidly as designers use microprocessors and microcontrollers to improve ride performance and increase safety. The number of body control units is soaring as drivers and engineers become more comfortable with the reliability of electronic functions. Engine and transmission controls are now old hat, and many other functions are expected to fall under microprocessor control. “Just about everything in the drivetrain has some degree of electronics, and that's expanding into many other areas,” said Nick Zielinski, Director, Vehicle and Technology Integration, General Motors Corp. He noted that GM already has begun using electric power steering having an electric motor instead of hydraulics. That is going to become far more common in the next few years. “There are a lot of things on the vehicle that are driven by hydraulics. We're looking at replacing them with by-wire and other techniques,” Zielinski said. That's creating a number of challenges for designers, who are being driven to trim costs while doing more. They're following a conventional trend: cramming more into a module by leveraging chip-manufacturing techniques that make it possible to put more onto a single semiconductor.
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