Browse Topic: Exterior trim and molding
When Ford first reintroduced the Ranger to North America in 2019, it was welcomed largely because of its revered nameplate. But outside of a lauded 2.3-L 4-cylinder turbo engine and an impressive array of options, there wasn't much to write home about. And critics downgraded the lineup for a spartan interior and having a ride that bounced passengers around. Ford says it built the 2024 Ranger lineup with that feedback in mind. And, for the enthusiast crowd, the yearned-for Ranger Raptor makes its loud debut with a 405-hp engine
Automotive parts can be fabricated from either coiled sheet, flat sheet or extruded shapes. Alloy selection is governed by finish requirements, forming characteristics, and mechanical properties. Bright anodizing alloys 5657 and 52521 sheet provide a high luster and are preferred for trim which can be formed from an intermediate temper, such as H25. Bright anodizing alloy 5457 is used for parts which require high elongation and a fully annealed ("0") temper. Alloy 6463 is a medium strength bright anodizing extrusion alloy; Alloy X7016 is a high strength bright anodizing extrusion alloy primarily suited for bumper applications. To satisfy anti-glare requirements for certain trim applications, sheet alloy 5205 and extrusion alloy 6063 are capable of providing the desired low-gloss anodized finish. Bright anodizing alloys require control of the chemical composition of the alloy to enhance response to chemical brightening and to result in the formation of anodic coatings that are
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to parts and materials used in vehicle manufacture which are intended to be acceptable color matches to a specified standard. This document is intended for use with parts or materials which are opaque or nearly so. Materials covered by this document include topcoat paint finishes, interior soft trim, interior and exterior hard trim, and exterior film and flexible trim. This practice requires judgments by observers with a minimum of normal color vision and preferably superior as rated with the FM-100 hue test as specified in ASTM E1499
This SAE Standard provides test methods for determining the critical characteristics of basic or finished fiberboard products. Where applicable, methods of test developed by SAE and ASTM have been referenced
The Range Rover Evoque is a compact luxury SUV, first introduced by Land Rover in 2012. Almost 800,000 units of the first-generation vehicle were sold. This paper explores some of the challenges entailed in developing the next generation of this successful product, maintaining key design cues while at the same time improving its aerodynamic efficiency. A development approach is outlined that made use of both numerical simulation and full-scale moving ground wind tunnel testing. A drag coefficient of 0.32 was obtained for the best derivative by paying particular attention to: the integration of active grille shutters; the front bumper and tyre package; brake cooling; underfloor design; wake control strategy; and detail optimization. This approach delivered the most aerodynamic Range Rover at the time of its introduction. The impact of these design changes on the aerodynamic flow field and consequently drag is highlighted. An interaction between front wheel deflectors and different tyres
Squeak and rattle concerns accounts for approximately 10% of overall vehicle Things Gone Wrong (TGW) and are major quality concern for automotive OEM’s. Objectionable door noises such as squeak and rattle are among the top 10 IQS concerns under any OEM nameplate. Customers perceive Squeak and rattle noises inside a cabin as a major negative indicator of vehicle build quality and durability. Door squeak and rattle issues not only affects customer satisfaction index, but also increase warranty cost to OEM significantly. Especially, issues related to door, irritate customers due to material incompatibilities. Squeaks are friction-induced noises generated by stick-slip phenomenon between interfacing surfaces. Several factors, such as material property, friction coefficient, relative velocity, temperature, and humidity, are involved in squeak noise causes. For example, door armrest leather is exposed longer to sunlight and when customer places his hand on the armrest, an annoying squeak
In industries, the usage of natural fibre composites (NFC) becomes one of the inevitable materials in the engineering field. The applications are owing to its characteristics like high strength to weight ratio, recyclability less density and inexpensive. In recent days the automotive parts like door trim panels, wheel arch, rear hatch, roof liner and bonnet insulation were replaced using NFC. Present-day huge usage of NFC people is working on the recyclability of composites. The present research aimed to recycle the NFC waste as reinforcement in the sisal/epoxy composite. The effect of composite waste reinforcement at various weight percentages (0, 5, 10 and 15%) were studied. The sisal/epoxy composite subjected to mechanical characterisations and drilling performance were studied by varying the process parameters such as feed and spindle speed using design of experiment (DOE). The distribution of the reinforcement and the bonding between the fiber and matrix were examined through a
This SAE Recommended Practice is designed to provide readily accessible paint and trim code information on all passenger vehicles, lightweight trucks, and vans in a way that minimizes the time and effort required to locate and effectively use that information for body repair, parts ordering, vehicle maintenance, and information systems
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to parts and materials used in vehicle manufacture which are intended to be acceptable color matches to a specified standard. This document is intended for use with parts or materials which are opaque or nearly so. Materials covered by this document include topcoat paint finishes, interior soft trim, interior and exterior hard trim, and exterior film and flexible trim
This SAE Standard provides test methods for determining the critical characteristics of basic or finished fiberboard products. Where applicable, methods of test developed by SAE and ASTM have been referenced
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to parts and materials used in vehicle manufacture which are intended to be acceptable color matches to a specified standard. This document is intended for use with parts or materials which are opaque or nearly so. Materials covered by this document include topcoat paint finishes, interior soft trim, interior and exterior hard trim, and exterior film and flexible trim
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to parts and materials used in vehicle manufacture which are intended to be acceptable color matches to a specified color standard. This document is intended for use with parts or materials which are opaque or nearly so. Materials covered by this document include topcoat paint finishes, interior soft trim, interior and exterior hard trim, and exterior film and flexible trim
This SAE Standard presents a method of matching the color of a test specimen to that of an approved appearance master specimen
Automotive parts can be fabricated from either coiled sheet, flat sheet or extruded shapes. Alloy selection is governed by finish requirements, forming characteristics, and mechanical properties. Bright anodizing alloys 5657 and 52521 sheet provide a high luster and are preferred for trim which can be formed from an intermediate temper, such as H25. Bright anodizing alloy 5457 is used for parts which require high elongation and a fully annealed ("0") temper. Alloy 6463 is a medium strength bright anodizing extrusion alloy; Alloy X7016 is a high strength bright anodizing extrusion alloy primarily suited for bumper applications. To satisfy anti-glare requirements for certain trim applications, sheet alloy 5205 and extrusion alloy 6063 are capable of providing the desired low-gloss anodized finish. Bright anodizing alloys require control of the chemical composition of the alloy to enhance response to chemical brightening and to result in the formation of anodic coatings that are
This SAE Standard provides test methods for determining the critical characteristics of basic or finished fiberboard products. Where applicable, methods of test developed by SAE and ASTM have been referenced
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes two-dimensional eye ranges, representative of 90th, 95th, and 99th percentile increments* of the driving population, for use in defining the driver's visual requirements to interior and exterior environments in passenger cars. It is to be used in conjunction with the two-dimensional manikin specified in SAE J826. Definitions of the interior dimensions used in this SAE Recommended Practice are listed as an appendix to this practice and are quoted from Section E1 of the SAE Aerospace-Automotive Drawing Standards. Reproductions of the passenger car driver's eye range contours may be obtained from SAE by ordering eyellipse drawings supplementary to SAE J941
SAE J448, Surface Texture, has been set up for precision reference specimens using a controlled surface profile to obtain reproducible roughness values. These specimens are for instrument calibration. Appropriate symbols for roughness, waviness, and lay have also been standardized (ASA B46.1-1962 and SAE J448). For production control, especially from one geographical location to another, means are required to facilitate the inspection of surface characteristics called for by specifications which include not only roughness but profile waviness and lay. In order to integrate the requirements of the designer with the actual production of surfaces, a second grade of control standards must be adopted which will be functional in nature for the specific product being manufactured. These control standards may be Calibrated Pilot Specimens (actual parts with satisfactory texture) or Roughness Comparison Specimens (ASA B46.1-1962). This SAE Recommended Practice describes the usage of these
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