Browse Topic: Rescue and emergency vehicles and equipment

Items (264)
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides the minimum design and performance requirements for individual, inflatable life preservers, divided into six categories: “Adult,” “Adult-Child,” “Child,” “Infant-Small Child,” “Adult-Child-Infant-Small Child,” and “Demonstration
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
ABSTRACT The 2015 defense budget, announced in March, 2014 was requested to be $496 Billion, which is down from $553 Billion three years ago [1]. This means that existing equipment, which has been trained on for numerous years, and fought two major wars, will be required to last longer and be maintained at a high state of readiness for years to come. In addition to acquisition and maintenance costs, fuel that propels these vehicles continues to also be at a premium. According to Forbes magazine, the US Department of Defense is the single-largest consumer of fuel in the world [2]. With fuel costs as volatile as ever, and an aging military fleet, researchers need to bring technology to the table that extends the life cycle of our vehicles and reduces the US DoD’s dependence on fuel. Technology that addresses both life cycle cost and fuel savings of commercial vehicles has been used for almost 40 years. This technology is a game changer for specialty vehicles such as police cars
Marcel, MikeCook, ChrisCook, ThomasSchroeder, Rich
ABSTRACT The AirLift is a novel device that enables rapid stabilized extraction of injured personnel from a ground vehicle. When deployed from its pre-installed position as a seat cover, the AirLift rigidizes for stabilizing the occupant’s spine by pressurizing an inflatable panel. After extraction from the vehicle with the occupant stabilized in the seated position, the AirLift can convert to a backboard so that the occupant can be safely transported in the supine position. The inflatable panel was designed and tested to provide stiffness while also being durable and manufacturable at volume. Pressure mapping tests were also performed to demonstrate that the AirLift did not change seat comfort compared to the standard seat. Citation: A. Purekar, G. Hiemenz, P. Gillis, “AirLift: Enabling Blast Protection and Rapid, Stabilized Vehicle Extraction”, In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 11-13, 2020
Purekar, AshishHiemenz, GregoryGillis, Paula
Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) and their productization are a major focus of the automotive and mobility industries as a whole. However, despite significant investments in this technology, CAVs are still at risk of collisions, particularly in unforeseen circumstances or “edge cases.” It is also critical to ensure that redundant environmental data are available to provide additional information for the autonomous driving software stack in case of emergencies. Additionally, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technologies can be included in discussions on safer autonomous driving design. Recently, there has been a slight increase in interest in the use of responder-to-vehicle (R2V) technology for emergency vehicles, such as ambulances, fire trucks, and police cars. R2V technology allows for the exchange of information between different types of responder vehicles, including CAVs. It can be used in collision avoidance or emergency situations involving CAV responder vehicles. The
Abdul Hamid, Umar ZakirRoth, ChristianNickerson, JeffreyLyytinen, KalleKing, John Leslie
Flashing warning lights and vehicle markings of various colors are used on a wide range of emergency and other service vehicles to help inform drivers about the presence of these vehicles and the types of situations that drivers are approaching. Although not applied consistently among all jurisdictions, the colors and performance of these visual elements are often selected to help communicate the type of scenario (such as red flashing lights to indicate an emergency vehicle, or yellow flashing lights to indicate a non-emergency service vehicle). Previous investigations have shown that flashing light colors, vehicle and marking colors, and flashing temporal characteristics (e.g., rapid versus slower flashing) can all affect a driver’s perception of whether a vehicle along the road is responding to an emergency situation or not. Building on previous research, a laboratory study was carried out to investigate how drivers perceive scale-model roadway scenarios including different numbers
Bullough, John D.Skinner, Nicholas P.Rea, Mark S.
This SAE Information Report describes the testing and reporting procedures that may be used to evaluate and document the excursion of a worker or civilian when transported in a seated and restrained position in the patient compartment of a ground ambulance when exposed to a front, side, or rear impact. Its purpose is to provide seating and occupant restraint manufacturers, ambulance builders, and end-users with testing procedures and documentation methods needed to identify head travel paths in crash loading events. This is a component level test. The seating system is tested in free space to measure maximum head travel paths. The purpose is not to identify stay out zones. Rather, the goal is to provide ambulance manufacturers with the data needed to design safer and functionally sound workstations for Emergency Medical Service workers so that workers are better able to safely perform patient care tasks in a moving ambulance. Descriptions of the test set-up, test instrumentation
Truck Crashworthiness Committee
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) identifies the risks and dangers associated with the carriage and use of pyrotechnic signaling devices in transport category aircraft life rafts and slide/rafts, and provides a rationale for allowing the use of alternative non-pyrotechnic devices authorized by FAA/TSO-C168. These devices offer an equivalent level of safety while eliminating flight safety risks, enhancing survivability of aircraft ditching survivors, reducing costs, eliminating dangerous goods transportation and handling issues, and reducing environmental impact of dangerous goods disposal
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Advancements in electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft have generated significant interest within and beyond the traditional aviation industry. One particularly promising application involves on-demand, rapid-response use cases to broaden first responders, police, and medical transport mission capabilities. With the dynamic and varying public service operations, eVTOL aircraft can offer potentially cost-effective aerial mobility components to the overall solution, including significant lifesaving benefits. The Use of eVTOL Aircraft for First Responder, Police, and Medical Transport Applications discusses the challenges need to be addressed before identified capabilities and benefits can be realized at scale: Mission-specific eVTOL vehicle development Operator- and patient-specific accommodations Detect-and-avoid capabilities in complex and challenging operating environments Autonomous and artificial intelligence-enhanced mission capabilities Home-base charging systems
Doo, Johnny
These recommendations are to aid the international air transport industry by identifying a standard, minimum amount of safety instructions and procedures that should be provided in the PSIS. Aircraft operators are encouraged to customize the PSIS to their own operations. This document also provides recommendations for: a Passenger safety information briefings and associated materials, b Demonstration emergency equipment, c Ensuring passenger suitability for those seated in exit seats, d The standardization of safety briefings for passengers seated at exits who may be responsible for opening exits on transport aircraft during an emergency, and e A standardized protective brace position to reduce the severity of injury during severe turbulence, rapid deceleration, or a sudden impact. In addition, these recommendations pertain to briefings on aircraft on which the cabin crew would conduct the exit seat briefing, and to briefings on aircraft without cabin crew, on which pilots would
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
This document provides guidance for in-flight rest facilities provided for use by cabin crew on commercial transport airplane. This document is applicable to dedicated cabin crew rest facilities with rigid walls. The facility includes a bunk or other surface that allows for a flat sleeping position, is located in an area that is temperature-controlled, allows the crew member to control light, and provides isolation from noise and disturbance
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
Recently, there has been a slight increase in interest in the use of responder-to-vehicle (R2V) technology for emergency vehicles, such as ambulances, fire trucks, and police cars. R2V technology allows for the exchange of information between different types of responder vehicles, including connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). It can be used in collision avoidance or emergency situations involving CAV responder vehicles. The benefits of R2V are not limited to fully autonomous vehicles (e.g., SAE Level 4), but can also be used in Level 2 CAV scenarios. However, despite the potential benefits of R2V, discussions on this topic are still limited. Responder-to-Vehicle Technologies for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles aims to provide an overview of R2V technology and its applications for CAV systems, particularly in the context of collision avoidance features. The responder vehicles in question can be autonomous or non-autonomous. It is hoped that it will provide valuable information
Abdul Hamid, Umar Zakir
The automotive industry is moving towards larger SUVs and also electrification is a need to meet the carbon neutrality target. As a result, we see an increase in overall gross vehicle weight (GVW), with the additional weight coming from the HV battery pack, electric powertrain, and other electrical systems. Tow-eye is an essential component that is provided with every vehicle to use for towing during an emergency vehicle breakdown. The tow-eye is usually connected to the retainer/sleeve available in the bumper system and towed using the recovery vehicle or other car with towing provision. Therefore, the tow-eye should meet the functional targets under standard operating conditions. This study is mainly for cars with bumper and tow-eye sleeves made of aluminum which is used in the most recent development of vehicles for weight-saving opportunities. Tow-eye systems in aluminum bumpers are designed to avoid any bending or buckling of the sleeve during towing for whatever the GVW loads. So
Fahir, AhamedChoudhari, SatishMichalowski, Krzysztof
When an emergency vehicle is approaching but its blaring siren isn't heard by nearby motorists, all are at risk. Engineers at Harman International have developed novel sensor technology that detects both the sound and its direction, in effect piping that screaming siren into vehicles so-equipped, to alert the driver. “What we're in essence doing is turning the vehicle into a giant microphone,” Mitul Jhala, senior director of automotive embedded audio for Harman, explained in an SAE Media interview
Buchholz, Kami
This SAE Standard provides requirements to support applications for the maneuver sharing and coordinating service (MSCS) beyond broadcast of basic safety messages (BSMs). This is to improve road safety and traffic efficiency by sharing and coordinating vehicle maneuvers via vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. This document lays out use case scenarios and defines vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) application protocols, system requirements and message sets for MSCS. The defined message sets for MSCS will result in identifying new message types, data frames, and data elements for SAE J2735
V2X Vehicular Applications Technical Committee
This document provides a high-level ontology and lexicon for describing on-road ADS-operated vehicle behavioral competencies and driving maneuvers that comprise routine/normal performance of the complete DDT, as defined in SAE J3016. It provides definitions of behavior, maneuver, scenario, and scene. This initial high-level lexicon and ontology are developed for ADS driving behaviors, including considerations for hierarchy of behaviors, and relationships among maneuvers, operational design domain (ODD) elements, and object and event detection and response (OEDR). Considerations for describing scenarios using this lexicon and ontology are discussed. This document describes ADS-operated vehicle motion control maneuvers during routine/normal operation. Maneuvers of other road users are not evaluated. This document assumes left-hand drive vehicles and road infrastructure. Applicability to right-hand drive vehicles and roadway infrastructure would require adjustment to such vehicles and
On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) specifies criteria for the design, development, standardization, and comprehension testing of placards containing pictures, drawings, symbols, and/or written instructions for locating and operating aircraft emergency equipment. This ARP also provides guidance in the selection and implementation of warning placards intended to instruct occupants inside, and rescue personnel outside, the aircraft
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
The following article presents flow field and particle dispersion data from a United Kingdom (UK) National Health Service (NHS) ambulance, under static and dynamic driving conditions and when using different ventilation modes. Data were recorded using laser sheet flow visualization, particle image velocimetry (PIV), and hot wire anemometry from a common plane positioned about the patient centerline. Results indicated a significant influence of the ceiling fan ventilation system on gross flow field behavior, with the ventilation fan on extract or intake mode. With either ventilation mode, flow velocities in the patient region were found to double from a quiescent condition to around 50-100 mm/s. Particle dispersion data also showed dispersion decay rates over five times faster when using the ceiling fan extraction system. All these results were consistent when the vehicle was stationary or driving at a constant speed of 60 mph. However, with the vehicle under dynamic driving conditions
Lawson, Nicholas JohnBlackburn, KimSherwood, GlennBrighton, JamesAtkinson, Helen Valerie
An emergency vehicle is one of the critical vehicles designed by the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to support the emergency assistance and maintenance for different emergency situations such as fire, health, etc. These vehicles are provided a special provision by the legal authorities to bypass the road traffic scenarios and guidelines. The special provisions mainly include a co-operation of the non-emergency vehicles on the road for providing a smooth provision for the emergency vehicles to move, bypassing of traffic signals, etc. Sometimes, the intruders utilize these provisions to hide their original identities by utilizing the emergency vehicles for their transportation. The vehicles utilized by intruders for this purpose are the illegitimate ones, which are carried by attackers for illegal purposes, but they possess the same external appearances and special alerting system as the legitimate emergency vehicles. Hence, these fake vehicles pose a serious challenge to the
Ansari, AsadullahD H, SharathP.C., KarthikUddin, SaifAziz, MohammadAdlagadda, Divakar
Flashing emergency and warning lights are critical elements of public safety and traffic control during roadway incidents. These lights should not only alert drivers to their presence, but also should inform them of who and what is present on the scene, and should help to manage the responses of drivers as they navigate past the incident. First responder and driver safety depend upon all three of these functions, yet standards focus almost entirely on alerting drivers. A full-scale outdoor field study was carried out during daytime, during nighttime on dry pavement and during nighttime on wet pavement, using a mock-up roadside scene containing three police vehicles. The lights on the vehicles were adjusted to produce different levels of intensity, flash rate, and synchronization of lights across all three vehicles. In some cases, sequentially flashing lights were present. Upon viewing different combination of these factors, observers in stationary vehicles were asked to identify the
Bullough, John D.Miller, Bradley D.Baker, Douglas V.Rea, Mark S.
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides guidance for the design and location of cabin crew stations, including emergency equipment installations at or near such stations, so as to enable the cabin crew to function effectively in emergency situations, including emergency evacuations. Recommendations regarding design of cabin crew stations apply to all such stations; recommendations regarding location apply to those stations located near or adjacent to floor level exits
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is only applicable to 14 CFR Part 25 transport airplane passenger and flight attendant seats. This document provides an approach for determining which parts on aircraft seats are required to meet the test requirements of 14 CFR Part 25 Appendix F, Parts IV and V. Additionally, it is recommended to use materials that meets the requirements of 14 CFR Part 25 Appendix F, Parts IV and V in applications where not required. Independent furniture installations related to seat installations are outside the scope of this document
Aircraft Seat Committee
This document contains general criteria for the planning, design, and construction of military and commercial ground based aviation fueling facilities that receive, store, distribute, and dispense liquid aviation turbine fuels at airports to both fixed and rotary wing aircraft
AE-5C Aviation Ground Fueling Systems Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes general criteria for the installation (e.g., type, location, accessibility, stowage) and crew member training needed for hand-held fire extinguishers
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
This document covers information concerning the use of oxygen when flying into and out of high elevation airports for both pressurized and non-pressurized aircraft. Oxygen requirements for pressurized aircraft operating at high altitudes have for decades emphasized the potential failures that could lead to a loss of cabin pressurization coupled with the potential severe hypoxic hazard that decompressions represent. This document is intended to address the case where the relationship between cabin and ambient pressures are complicated by operations at high terrestrial altitudes. Operators who fly into these high-altitude airports should address the issues related to this environment because it carries the potential for insidious hypoxia and other conditions which can affect safety. It provides information to consider in developing operational procedures to address hypoxia concerns consistent with regulatory mandates. In some sections, procedures are discussed that may mitigate the
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers any protective system that serves the stated purpose
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides information and recommended guidelines for handling carry-on baggage prior to emergencies and during the emergency evacuation of transport category aircraft. Recommendations are provided on limiting the size, amount, and weight of carry-on baggage brought into the cabin, improved stowage of carry-on baggage to minimize hazards to passengers in flight and during emergency evacuations, and procedures to ensure carry-on baggage is not removed during an emergency evacuation
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides design criteria and performance tests for crash axes intended for use by aircraft crew members to assist in evacuation, extrication, fire fighting, or other emergency activities
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides minimum performance and design standards for a handheld, high-intensity, flashing Aviation Visual Distress Signal (AVDS) based on light-emitting-diode (LED) technology operating simultaneously in visible (white) and near infrared (NIR) spectra designed to facilitate location and rescue of aviation accident/ditching survivors in open sea conditions
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
This document describes machine-to-machine (M2M) communication to enable cooperation between two or more participating entities or communication devices possessed or controlled by those entities. The cooperation supports or enables performance of the dynamic driving task (DDT) for a subject vehicle with driving automation feature(s) engaged. Other participants may include other vehicles with driving automation feature(s) engaged, shared road users (e.g., drivers of manually operated vehicles or pedestrians or cyclists carrying personal devices), or road operators (e.g., those who maintain or operate traffic signals or workzones). Cooperative driving automation (CDA) aims to improve the safety and flow of traffic and/or facilitate road operations by supporting the movement of multiple vehicles in proximity to one another. This is accomplished, for example, by sharing information that can be used to influence (directly or indirectly) DDT performance by one or more nearby road users
Cooperative Driving Automation(CDA) Committee
In this article, a novel hybrid metaheuristic based on passing vehicle search (PVS) cultural algorithm (CA) is proposed. This contribution has a twofold aim: First is to present the new hybrid PVS-CA. Second is to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for adaptive signal timing optimization. For this, a system that can adapt efficiently to the real-time traffic situation based on priority signal control is developed. Hence, Transit Signal Priority (TSP) techniques have been used to adjust signal phasing in order to serve emergency vehicles (EVs) and manage the tram priority in a coordinated tram intersection. The system used in this study provides cyclic signal operation based on a real-time control approach, including an optimization process and a database to manage the sensor data from detectors for real-time predictions of EV and tram arrival time. Then, a simulation model is developed using Arena Simulation Software to evaluate best timing plans at the intersection
Alami Chentoufi, MaryamEllaia, Rachid
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides design criteria and performance tests for portable, handheld, battery-powered, electronic megaphones used by aircraft crew members to provide information and guidance in the event of an aircraft emergency or other non-routine situation
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
This SAE Standard describes standardized medium-independent messages needed by information service providers for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS). The messages contained herein address all stages of travel (informational, pre-trip and en route), all types of travelers (drivers, passengers, personal devices, computers, other servers), all categories of information, and all platforms for delivery of information (in-vehicle, portable devices, kiosks, etc
V2X Core Technical Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) applies to survival kits to be carried with life rafts or slide/rafts on transport category airplanes flying extended over-water routes and equipped with approved satellite alerting devices (e.g., 406 MHz Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)), available for deployment after an emergency landing
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
The scope of the document is to define communication best practices in order to minimize problems for the vehicle owner when installing equipment which has a permanently or semi-permanently diagnostic CAN communication device connected to the SAE J1962 connector, or hardwired directly to the in-vehicle network
Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
This document provides design guidelines, test procedure references, and performance requirements for omnidirectional and selective coverage optical warning devices used on authorized emergency, maintenance, and service vehicles. It is intended to apply to, but is not limited to, surface land vehicles
Emergency Warning Lights and Devices Standards Committee
This AIR lists and describes a collection of regulations, policy, and guidance documents applicable to design approval applicants, aircraft operating certificate holders, and maintenance repair and overhaul (MRO) organizations. The aircraft industry should consider these rules when installing IVHM technology for use in aircraft maintenance. This is a starting basis and should not be considered as complete when certification of an IVHM system is expected. The AIR’s objectives are: 1 To set the foundation for aircraft certification applicants seeking to design IVHM solutions as part of the type certificate (TC), supplemental type certificate (STC), amended TC, or amended STC activities; and 2 To set the foundation for aircraft operating certificate holders to engage with regulators to get authorization for using IVHM applications as part of an aircraft maintenance program. NOTE: This AIR’s scope is limited to the United States (U.S.) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) information only
HM-1 Integrated Vehicle Health Management Committee
Spinoff is NASA's annual publication featuring successfully commercialized NASA technology. This commercialization has contributed to the development of products and services in the fields of health and medicine, consumer goods, transportation, public safety, computer technology, and environmental resources
Items per page:
1 – 50 of 264