Browse Topic: Rescue and emergency vehicles and equipment
ABSTRACT The 2015 defense budget, announced in March, 2014 was requested to be $496 Billion, which is down from $553 Billion three years ago [1]. This means that existing equipment, which has been trained on for numerous years, and fought two major wars, will be required to last longer and be maintained at a high state of readiness for years to come. In addition to acquisition and maintenance costs, fuel that propels these vehicles continues to also be at a premium. According to Forbes magazine, the US Department of Defense is the single-largest consumer of fuel in the world [2]. With fuel costs as volatile as ever, and an aging military fleet, researchers need to bring technology to the table that extends the life cycle of our vehicles and reduces the US DoD’s dependence on fuel. Technology that addresses both life cycle cost and fuel savings of commercial vehicles has been used for almost 40 years. This technology is a game changer for specialty vehicles such as police cars
Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) and their productization are a major focus of the automotive and mobility industries as a whole. However, despite significant investments in this technology, CAVs are still at risk of collisions, particularly in unforeseen circumstances or “edge cases.” It is also critical to ensure that redundant environmental data are available to provide additional information for the autonomous driving software stack in case of emergencies. Additionally, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technologies can be included in discussions on safer autonomous driving design. Recently, there has been a slight increase in interest in the use of responder-to-vehicle (R2V) technology for emergency vehicles, such as ambulances, fire trucks, and police cars. R2V technology allows for the exchange of information between different types of responder vehicles, including CAVs. It can be used in collision avoidance or emergency situations involving CAV responder vehicles. The
This SAE Information Report describes the testing and reporting procedures that may be used to evaluate and document the excursion of a worker or civilian when transported in a seated and restrained position in the patient compartment of a ground ambulance when exposed to a front, side, or rear impact. Its purpose is to provide seating and occupant restraint manufacturers, ambulance builders, and end-users with testing procedures and documentation methods needed to identify head travel paths in crash loading events. This is a component level test. The seating system is tested in free space to measure maximum head travel paths. The purpose is not to identify stay out zones. Rather, the goal is to provide ambulance manufacturers with the data needed to design safer and functionally sound workstations for Emergency Medical Service workers so that workers are better able to safely perform patient care tasks in a moving ambulance. Descriptions of the test set-up, test instrumentation
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) identifies the risks and dangers associated with the carriage and use of pyrotechnic signaling devices in transport category aircraft life rafts and slide/rafts, and provides a rationale for allowing the use of alternative non-pyrotechnic devices authorized by FAA/TSO-C168. These devices offer an equivalent level of safety while eliminating flight safety risks, enhancing survivability of aircraft ditching survivors, reducing costs, eliminating dangerous goods transportation and handling issues, and reducing environmental impact of dangerous goods disposal
Advancements in electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft have generated significant interest within and beyond the traditional aviation industry. One particularly promising application involves on-demand, rapid-response use cases to broaden first responders, police, and medical transport mission capabilities. With the dynamic and varying public service operations, eVTOL aircraft can offer potentially cost-effective aerial mobility components to the overall solution, including significant lifesaving benefits. The Use of eVTOL Aircraft for First Responder, Police, and Medical Transport Applications discusses the challenges need to be addressed before identified capabilities and benefits can be realized at scale: Mission-specific eVTOL vehicle development Operator- and patient-specific accommodations Detect-and-avoid capabilities in complex and challenging operating environments Autonomous and artificial intelligence-enhanced mission capabilities Home-base charging systems
These recommendations are to aid the international air transport industry by identifying a standard, minimum amount of safety instructions and procedures that should be provided in the PSIS. Aircraft operators are encouraged to customize the PSIS to their own operations. This document also provides recommendations for: a Passenger safety information briefings and associated materials, b Demonstration emergency equipment, c Ensuring passenger suitability for those seated in exit seats, d The standardization of safety briefings for passengers seated at exits who may be responsible for opening exits on transport aircraft during an emergency, and e A standardized protective brace position to reduce the severity of injury during severe turbulence, rapid deceleration, or a sudden impact. In addition, these recommendations pertain to briefings on aircraft on which the cabin crew would conduct the exit seat briefing, and to briefings on aircraft without cabin crew, on which pilots would
This document provides guidance for in-flight rest facilities provided for use by cabin crew on commercial transport airplane. This document is applicable to dedicated cabin crew rest facilities with rigid walls. The facility includes a bunk or other surface that allows for a flat sleeping position, is located in an area that is temperature-controlled, allows the crew member to control light, and provides isolation from noise and disturbance
When an emergency vehicle is approaching but its blaring siren isn't heard by nearby motorists, all are at risk. Engineers at Harman International have developed novel sensor technology that detects both the sound and its direction, in effect piping that screaming siren into vehicles so-equipped, to alert the driver. “What we're in essence doing is turning the vehicle into a giant microphone,” Mitul Jhala, senior director of automotive embedded audio for Harman, explained in an SAE Media interview
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) specifies criteria for the design, development, standardization, and comprehension testing of placards containing pictures, drawings, symbols, and/or written instructions for locating and operating aircraft emergency equipment. This ARP also provides guidance in the selection and implementation of warning placards intended to instruct occupants inside, and rescue personnel outside, the aircraft
The following article presents flow field and particle dispersion data from a United Kingdom (UK) National Health Service (NHS) ambulance, under static and dynamic driving conditions and when using different ventilation modes. Data were recorded using laser sheet flow visualization, particle image velocimetry (PIV), and hot wire anemometry from a common plane positioned about the patient centerline. Results indicated a significant influence of the ceiling fan ventilation system on gross flow field behavior, with the ventilation fan on extract or intake mode. With either ventilation mode, flow velocities in the patient region were found to double from a quiescent condition to around 50-100 mm/s. Particle dispersion data also showed dispersion decay rates over five times faster when using the ceiling fan extraction system. All these results were consistent when the vehicle was stationary or driving at a constant speed of 60 mph. However, with the vehicle under dynamic driving conditions
An emergency vehicle is one of the critical vehicles designed by the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to support the emergency assistance and maintenance for different emergency situations such as fire, health, etc. These vehicles are provided a special provision by the legal authorities to bypass the road traffic scenarios and guidelines. The special provisions mainly include a co-operation of the non-emergency vehicles on the road for providing a smooth provision for the emergency vehicles to move, bypassing of traffic signals, etc. Sometimes, the intruders utilize these provisions to hide their original identities by utilizing the emergency vehicles for their transportation. The vehicles utilized by intruders for this purpose are the illegitimate ones, which are carried by attackers for illegal purposes, but they possess the same external appearances and special alerting system as the legitimate emergency vehicles. Hence, these fake vehicles pose a serious challenge to the
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides guidance for the design and location of cabin crew stations, including emergency equipment installations at or near such stations, so as to enable the cabin crew to function effectively in emergency situations, including emergency evacuations. Recommendations regarding design of cabin crew stations apply to all such stations; recommendations regarding location apply to those stations located near or adjacent to floor level exits
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is only applicable to 14 CFR Part 25 transport airplane passenger and flight attendant seats. This document provides an approach for determining which parts on aircraft seats are required to meet the test requirements of 14 CFR Part 25 Appendix F, Parts IV and V. Additionally, it is recommended to use materials that meets the requirements of 14 CFR Part 25 Appendix F, Parts IV and V in applications where not required. Independent furniture installations related to seat installations are outside the scope of this document
This document contains general criteria for the planning, design, and construction of military and commercial ground based aviation fueling facilities that receive, store, distribute, and dispense liquid aviation turbine fuels at airports to both fixed and rotary wing aircraft
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes general criteria for the installation (e.g., type, location, accessibility, stowage) and crew member training needed for hand-held fire extinguishers
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers any protective system that serves the stated purpose
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides information and recommended guidelines for handling carry-on baggage prior to emergencies and during the emergency evacuation of transport category aircraft. Recommendations are provided on limiting the size, amount, and weight of carry-on baggage brought into the cabin, improved stowage of carry-on baggage to minimize hazards to passengers in flight and during emergency evacuations, and procedures to ensure carry-on baggage is not removed during an emergency evacuation
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides design criteria and performance tests for crash axes intended for use by aircraft crew members to assist in evacuation, extrication, fire fighting, or other emergency activities
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides minimum performance and design standards for a handheld, high-intensity, flashing Aviation Visual Distress Signal (AVDS) based on light-emitting-diode (LED) technology operating simultaneously in visible (white) and near infrared (NIR) spectra designed to facilitate location and rescue of aviation accident/ditching survivors in open sea conditions
This document describes machine-to-machine (M2M) communication to enable cooperation between two or more participating entities or communication devices possessed or controlled by those entities. The cooperation supports or enables performance of the dynamic driving task (DDT) for a subject vehicle with driving automation feature(s) engaged. Other participants may include other vehicles with driving automation feature(s) engaged, shared road users (e.g., drivers of manually operated vehicles or pedestrians or cyclists carrying personal devices), or road operators (e.g., those who maintain or operate traffic signals or workzones). Cooperative driving automation (CDA) aims to improve the safety and flow of traffic and/or facilitate road operations by supporting the movement of multiple vehicles in proximity to one another. This is accomplished, for example, by sharing information that can be used to influence (directly or indirectly) DDT performance by one or more nearby road users
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides design criteria and performance tests for portable, handheld, battery-powered, electronic megaphones used by aircraft crew members to provide information and guidance in the event of an aircraft emergency or other non-routine situation
This SAE Standard describes standardized medium-independent messages needed by information service providers for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS). The messages contained herein address all stages of travel (informational, pre-trip and en route), all types of travelers (drivers, passengers, personal devices, computers, other servers), all categories of information, and all platforms for delivery of information (in-vehicle, portable devices, kiosks, etc
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) applies to survival kits to be carried with life rafts or slide/rafts on transport category airplanes flying extended over-water routes and equipped with approved satellite alerting devices (e.g., 406 MHz Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)), available for deployment after an emergency landing
This document provides design guidelines, test procedure references, and performance requirements for omnidirectional and selective coverage optical warning devices used on authorized emergency, maintenance, and service vehicles. It is intended to apply to, but is not limited to, surface land vehicles
This AIR lists and describes a collection of regulations, policy, and guidance documents applicable to design approval applicants, aircraft operating certificate holders, and maintenance repair and overhaul (MRO) organizations. The aircraft industry should consider these rules when installing IVHM technology for use in aircraft maintenance. This is a starting basis and should not be considered as complete when certification of an IVHM system is expected. The AIR’s objectives are: 1 To set the foundation for aircraft certification applicants seeking to design IVHM solutions as part of the type certificate (TC), supplemental type certificate (STC), amended TC, or amended STC activities; and 2 To set the foundation for aircraft operating certificate holders to engage with regulators to get authorization for using IVHM applications as part of an aircraft maintenance program. NOTE: This AIR’s scope is limited to the United States (U.S.) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) information only
Spinoff is NASA's annual publication featuring successfully commercialized NASA technology. This commercialization has contributed to the development of products and services in the fields of health and medicine, consumer goods, transportation, public safety, computer technology, and environmental resources
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