Browse Topic: Impact tests
As the high-quality development of the new energy vehicle (NEV) and traction battery industries, the safety of traction batteries has become a global focus. Typically mounted at the bottom of NEVs, traction battery systems are particularly vulnerable to mechanical damage caused by bottom impacts, posing serious safety risks. This study investigates the damage sustained by NEV traction battery systems during bottom impact collisions, using computer tomography analysis to detail the damage mechanisms. The findings provide valuable data to enhance the safety and protective performance of traction batteries under such scenarios.
A total of 148 tests were conducted to evaluate the Forward Collision Warning (FCW) and Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) systems in five different Tesla Model 3 vehicles between model years 2018 and 2020 across four calendar years. These tests involved stationary vehicle targets, including a foam Stationary Vehicle Target (SVT), a Deformable Stationary Vehicle Target (DSVT), a live vehicle with brake lights, and a SoftCar360 designed for high-speed impact tests. The evaluations were conducted at speeds of 35, 50, 60, 65, 70, 75, and 80 miles per hour (mph) during both daytime and nighttime conditions and utilized early and medium FCW settings. These settings, part of Tesla's Collision Avoidance AssistTM, modify object detection alerts and the timing of visual and auditory warnings issued to drivers. The 2018 to 2020 vehicles initially utilized cameras, radar and ultrasonic sensors (USS) for object detection. Tesla updated their Autoilot software and detection algorithms to a vision
The present research explores the potential of high-performance thermoplastics, Polymethyl Methacrylate and Polyurethane, to enhance the passive safety of automotive instrument panels. The purpose is to evaluate and compare the passive safety of these two materials through the conduct of the Charpy Impact Test, Tensile Strength Test, and Crush Test —. For this, five samples were prepared in the case of each material via injection moulding, which enabled reliability, and consistency of the findings. As a result, it was found that in the case of the Charpy Impact Test, the average impact resistance varies with PMMA exhibiting a level of 15.08 kJ/m2 as opposed to the value of 12.16 kJ/m2 for PU. The Tensile Strength Test produced the average tensile strength of 50.16 for PMMA and 48.2 for PU, which implied superior structural integrity under tension for the first type of thermoplastic. Finally, the Crush Test showed that PMMA is more resistant to crushes on average than PU with the
Head injuries from interior impacts during vehicle accidents are a significant cause of fatalities in India. Data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) for 2023 reveals that approximately 15% of the total 150,000 road fatalities were due to head impacts on vehicle interiors, resulting in about 22,500 deaths. Thus, head impact protection in a car crash is key during the design of vehicle interiors. IS 15223 and ECE-R21 provide specific guidelines for head impact testing of instrument panels and consoles in vehicles to ensure compliance with safety standards and minimize the risk of head injury during collisions. By systematically addressing each aspect of IS 15223 and ECE- R21 in the design, testing, and documentation phases, manufacturers can ensure that console armrests are optimized for safety. This approach not only helps meet regulatory standards but also enhances overall occupant protection in vehicles during collisions. The objective of this paper is to design a console
The structural integrity of the steering wheel is important for vehicle operations. It is subjected to various load conditions during the vehicle motion. It thus becomes important to understand various aspects of the same which include stiffness, natural frequency, and regulatory requirements i.e. body block test, head form impact test, etc. Simulation plays an important role in understanding the structural integrity and validation requirements of products at the design stage itself. This paper discusses the modeling and simulation of the steering wheel at both the armature level and the complete steering wheel level. As armature is critical from a structural strength and stiffness point of view, certain simulations like modal analysis are performed first at the armature level, and design iterations were done to achieve the natural frequency target. The list of simulations performed includes modal analysis, bending rigidity, static compression, bending stiffness, body block test and
In order to compare test results obtained from different crash test facilities, standardized coordinate systems need to be defined for crash test dummies, vehicle structures, and laboratory fixtures. In addition, recorded polarities for various transducer outputs need to be defined relative to positive directions of the appropriate coordinate systems. This SAE Information Report describes the standardized sign convention and recorded output polarities for various transducers used in crash testing.
Ongoing research in simulated vehicle crash environments utilizes postmortem human subjects (PMHS) as the closest approximation to live human response. Lumbar spine injuries are common in vehicle crashes, necessitating accurate assessment methods of lumbar loads. This study evaluates the effectiveness of lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) pressure sensors in detecting various loading conditions on component PMHS lumbar spines, aiming to develop a reliable insertion method and assess sensor performance under different loading scenarios. The pressure sensor insertion method development involved selecting a suitable sensor, using a customized needle-insertion technique, and precisely placing sensors into the center of lumbar IVDs. Computed tomography (CT) scans were utilized to determine insertion depth and location, ensuring minimal tissue disruption during sensor insertion. Tests were conducted on PMHS lumbar spines using a robotic test system for controlled loading in flexion
This SAE Recommended Practice describes the test procedures for conducting free-motion headform testing of heavy truck cab interior surfaces and components. A description of the test setup, instrumentation, impact configuration, target locations, and data reduction is included.
New tests for a Truck Safe rating scheme aim to emulate real-world collisions and encourage OEMs to fit collision avoidance technologies and improve driver vision. Euro NCAP has revealed the elements it is considering as part of an upcoming Truck Safe rating, and how it intends to test and benchmark truck performance. The announcement was made to an audience of international road safety experts at the NCAP24 World Congress in Munich, Germany, in April. The action is intended to mitigate heavy trucks' impact on road safety. The organization cited data showing that trucks are involved in almost 15% of all EU road fatalities but represent only 3% of vehicles on Europe's roads. Euro NCAP says the future rating scheme is designed to go further and faster than current EU truck safety regulations. The organization's goal is to drive innovation and hasten the adoption of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) such as automatic emergency braking (AEB) and lane support systems (LSS), while
This document provides background information, rationale, and data (both physical testing and computer simulations) used in defining the component test methods and similarity criteria described in SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) 6330. ARP6330 defines multiple test methods used to assess the effect of seat back mounted IFE monitor changes on blunt trauma to the head and post-impact sharp edge generation. The data generated is based on seat and IFE components installed on type A-T (transport airplane) certified aircraft. While not within the scope of ARP6330, generated test data for the possible future development of surrogate target evaluation methods is also included.
With the current trend of including the evaluation of the risk of brain injuries in vehicle crashes due to rotational kinematics of the head, two injury criteria have been introduced since 2013 – BrIC and DAMAGE. BrIC was developed by NHTSA in 2013 and was suggested for inclusion in the US NCAP for frontal and side crashes. DAMAGE has been developed by UVa under the sponsorship of JAMA and JARI and has been accepted tentatively by the EuroNCAP. Although BrIC in US crash testing is known and reported, DAMAGE in tests of the US fleet is relatively unknown. The current paper will report on DAMAGE in NCAP-like tests and potential future frontal crash tests involving substantial rotation about the three axes of occupant heads. Distribution of DAMAGE of three-point belted occupants without airbags will also be discussed. Prediction of brain injury risks from the tests have been compared to the risks in the real world. Although DAMAGE correlates well with MPS in the human brain model across
Items per page:
50
1 – 50 of 2294