Browse Topic: Refractory materials
High-strength steel has several industrial applications such as automobile, tool and die, construction industries etc. However, it is challenging to achieve it. Various strengthening mechanisms, such as dispersion strengthening, alloying, grain boundary strengthening etc., plays a vital role in deciding the properties of the steel. At the industrial level, high-strength steel is produced by adding alloying elements such as Tungsten, Chromium, and Molybdenum in the steel matrix, increasing the high-strength steel cost. On the other hand, Wire Arc Additive manufacturing (WAAM) can produce dispersion strengthening in steel to mimic the properties of a high-strength steel matrix. The WAAM is a relatively low-cost additive manufacturing technology which uses a welding process to build up layers of material to fabricate the finished product. We have dispersed hard silicon carbide (SiC) particles in the mild steel matrix using the WAAM process in this work. SiC-dispersed steel's hardness is
This specification covers engineering requirements for the grinding of tungsten carbide high velocity oxygen/fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coatings applied to high strength steels (220 ksi and above
This specification covers two types of free-machining, corrosion- and heat-resistant steel in the form of bars, wire, forgings, and forging stock
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of bars and forgings, flash welded rings, and stock for forging or flash welded rings
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, and forging stock
New research suggests that laser-based devices are poised to become a lot smaller. Researchers at Columbia University and Politecnico di Milano studied a 2D material called molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and characterized how efficiently devices built from stacks of MoS2 less than one micron thick — 100 times thinner than a human hair — convert light frequencies at telecom wavelengths to produce different colors
This specification covers one type of aluminum silicon bronze in the form of rods and bars up to 3.00 inches (76.2 mm), inclusive, in nominal diameter or distance between parallel sides, and forgings and forging stock of any size (see 8.5
This specification covers a silver alloy in the form of wire, rod, sheet, strip, foil, pig, powder, shot, and chips, and a viscous mixture (paste) of powder in a suitable binder
This specification covers a silver alloy in the form of wire, rod, sheet, strip, foil, pig, powder, shot, and chips and a viscous mixture (paste) of powder in a suitable binder
This specification covers established inch/pound manufacturing tolerances applicable to bars and rods of copper and copper alloys ordered to inch/pound dimensions. These tolerances apply to all conditions, unless otherwise noted. The term “exclusive” is used to apply only to the higher figure of a specified range
This specification covers a special aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality alloy steel in the form of bars and forgings 199 square inches (1284 cm2) and under in cross section, and forging stock of any size
This specification covers two types of carbon steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate
The element niobium (Nb), a transition metal, stands ready to improve the performance of one of the lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery’s confusing array of possible electrode chemistries — the LTO (lithium titanium oxide) anode, which after graphite is the second most-produced. During battery charging, lithium ions leave the positive cathode and move through the battery’s electrolyte to take up positions of higher energy in the anode. During discharge, this process reverses and drives electrons through an external circuit to power the load
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of heat treated bars and forgings 1.00 inches (25.4 mm) and under in nominal cross section or diameter and for hexagonal shapes, least distance between parallel sides
This specification covers the requirements for the acquisition of two alloys of copper-beryllium alloy strip, having higher electrical conductivity than copper-beryllium alloy strip normally used (see 6.1). All sizes of strip are covered by this specification
This specification covers a copper-beryllium alloy in the form of mechanical tubing 2 inches (50.8 mm) and under in wall thickness (see 8.8
This specification covers a corrosion and heat resistant work strengthened nickel alloy in the form of bars and wire, 1½ inches (38 mm) and under in nominal diameter (See 8.2
This specification covers a carbon steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate
Performance evaluation of martensitic press-hardened steels by VDA 238-100 three-point bend testing has become commonplace. Significant influences on bending performance exist from both surface considerations related to both decarburization and substrate-coating interaction and base martensitic steel considerations such as structural heterogeneity, i.e., banding, prior austenite grain size, titanium nitride (TiN) dispersion, mobile hydrogen, and the extent of martensite tempering as result auto-tempering upon quenching or paint baking during vehicle manufacturing. Deconvolution of such effects is challenging in practice, but it is increasingly accepted that surface considerations play an outsized role in bending performance. For specified surface conditions, however, the base steel microstructure can greatly influence bending performance and associated crash ductility to meet safety and mass-efficiency targets. This study reports and elucidates the positive effect of niobium
Alumina (Al2O3) thin film coatings are applied on Al alloys using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) method to reduce the wear and corrosion problems. Plasma Electrolytic Aluminating (PEA) is a technique which could generate Alumina coatings on cast iron, mild steel and copper alloys. In this study, the aim is to explore the anti-wear and anti-corrosion behaviours of PEA Alumina coatings on gray cast iron. The dry sliding tribology test data was obtained from Pin-on-Disk (POD) tests against SAE 52100 steel and Tungsten Carbide (WC) counterfaces. Comparing with the PEO Alumina coatings, the PEA Alumina coating has much lower Coefficient of Friction (COF) and less wear. The microstructure, chemical composition and phase composition of this coating were investigated with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), respectively. There was FeO (or FeAl2O4) found on the PEA Alumina coating. To figure out the relationship
This specification covers a gold-nickel alloy in the form of wire, rod, sheet, strip, foil, pig, powder, shot, chips, preforms, and a viscous mixture (paste) of the powder in a suitable binder
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant steel in the form of bars, wire, forgings, mechanical tubing, flash welded rings, and stock for forging or flash welded rings
This specification covers one type of nickel-aluminum bronze in the form of extruded bars, rods, and tubes
This specification covers a premium-aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate
This specification covers tungsten carbide-cobalt chrome in the form of powder
The critical components in earlier were manufactured by mild steel but due to low corrosion resistance, stainless steel and aluminium alloy are being utilised. However a component of aluminium alloy has to be enriched by anodizing for long durability and better corrosion resistance. But peel off, pit formation, low adhesion and white rust formation are still the downfalls faced by the industries in the coated components over cyclic duration. High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying is an adaptable method that can produce high-density coating with less than 1% porosity, high resistant to chemical environment providing better adhesion and increase the life of mating components. Though stainless steel and anodized aluminium alloy offers far superior life span and corrosion resistance but still more expensive than mild steel. This work evaluates the behaviour of HVOF thermal sprayed with tungsten, nickel and chromium containing WC-Cr3C2-Ni coating material over mild steel were found
AA2014 Aluminum alloys are most widely used for automobile and aerospace structures where specific strength is important. Hot cracking is a major problem while welding these alloys. In the present investigation, the metallurgical studies, viz, hot cracking sensitivity, microstructure and the mechanical properties, viz, hardness and tensile strength of the 4 mm thickness AA2014 aluminum alloy were studied using two different methods. The first method involves TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding with continuous current process and the second method involves TIG welding with pulsed current process. In both the process commercial argon pure gas was used as a shielding gas. The results showed that hot cracking sensitivity was decreased when the specimen was welded using pulsed current process compared to continuous current process. Similarly, the specimen was welded with pulsed current process and showed improved mechanical properties compared to continuous current process because low heat
This work inspects the metallurgical and tensile demeanor of pulsed current gas tungsten arc welded ERNiCrCoMo-1 filler wire on alloy 80A weldment. Defect free weldment was achieved in a four pass through PCGTA welding. The center of the weld microstructure is decorated with equiaxed dendritic structure and columnar dendritic structure. SEM analysis showed the existence of Mo, Fe and Ti secondary phase precipitation in the grain boundary region of the weld zone. Tensile testing was conducted to analysis the strength and ductility of weldment. The result showed that the tensile strength and ductility were lower than that of base metal (BM
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