Browse Topic: Resins

Items (1,328)
Eight arguments for these resins, compounds and composites. Weight reduction in EV battery components is an important factor in optimizing battery energy density, which in turn is critical to extending vehicle range and boosting power and performance. Although traditional metals such as steel and aluminum are widely used in EV batteries, the ongoing push for higher energy density is opening new opportunities for thermoplastic resins, compounds, and composites. The main advantage of these materials vs. metals is their inherent lighter weight - particularly in the case of lower-density polymers. Thermoplastics can be 30-50 percent lighter than metals. They also increase design freedom, which permits further weight-out through part consolidation and thin walls
Bobba, Somasekhar
Arsenic and ammonia in ground and surface waters pose significant health risks globally, especially for remote areas where access to safe drinking water is a concern for U.S. military personnel. Current removal materials and methods lack contaminant specificity. This study developed adsorptive resins and membranes specifically targeting arsenate and ammonia removal using molecularly imprinted acrylate polymers supported on graphitic carbon nitride. These materials showed comparable arsenate removal capacity to commercial resins. Higher ammonia removal capacity but lower selectivity was demonstrated by these materials in comparison to commercial resins. This research aims to enhance water treatment materials for ensuring clean drinking water access in remote military locations
Nichols, CatrianaZulqarnain, SyedMarquez, ItzelAnang, EmmanuellaBusari, AboladeKirisenage, PriyalathaMyers, JordanMueller, AnjaFahlman, BradDusenbury, James
Recycling of advanced composites made from carbon fibers in epoxy resins is required for two primary reasons. First, the energy necessary to produce carbon fibers is very high and therefore reusing these fibers could greatly reduce the lifecycle energy of components which use them. Second, if the material is allowed to break down in the environment, it will contribute to the growing presence of microplastics and other synthetic pollutants. Currently, recycling and safe methods of disposal typically do not aim for full circularity, but rather separate fibers for successive downcycling while combusting the matrix in a clean burning process. Breakdown of the matrix, without damaging the carbon fibers, can be achieved by pyrolysis, fluidized bed processes, or chemical solvolysis. The major challenge is to align fibers into unidirectional tows of real value in high-performance composites
Muelaner, JodyRoye, Thorsten
Due to the increasing demand for lightweight and eco-friendly materials in the automotive sector, alternative fibers like kenaf are gaining attention as potential materials for car components. This study aims to evaluate the impact of fly ash and Al2O3 nanomaterials on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of kenaf fiber-reinforced composites, particularly for automotive applications. Various composites were produced and tested using standard manual fabrication methods for key mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, inter-laminar shear strength, hardness, and impact resistance. Adding kenaf fibers, fly ash, and Al2O3 nanofillers to epoxy composites demonstrated a noticeable improvement in the thermomechanical properties of the resulting material. This enhancement is attributed to improved interfacial bonding and uniform distribution of the nanofillers within the polymer matrix. In our analysis, Al2O3 nanofillers had a more significant impact on the
Kaliappan, S.Natrayan, L.
With the evolving demand in the automobile industry for lightweight and sustainable components, the study of natural fiber composites has gained significance. Such fibers are economically efficient and offer advantageous weight-specific properties. Additionally, they are non-abrasive and environmentally degradable, marking them as viable alternatives to conventional automobile materials. This research emphasizes the flax-based composite, developed using the hand lay-up method and augmented with three distinct graphene nanofillers. The graphene fillers are categorized as large nanorods (dimensions 3-5 nm, lengths 150-300 nm), small nano threads (dimensions 6-12 nm, lengths under 50 nm), and spherical particulates (dimensions 29-39 nm). Reinforcement was consistently maintained at 2%, 4%, and 6% by weight. The results indicate that a 4 wt.% inclusion of spherical graphene nanoparticles is particularly effective in enhancing the ultimate tensile strength and fracture elongation of the
Kaliappan, S.Natrayan, L.
The automobile industry is searching for materials that offer superior mechanical and thermal properties. With this objective, the current study delves into the potential advantages of integrating nanofillers into hybrid composite structures tailored for vehicle applications. The investigation employed Kevlar fiber, a renowned material in vehicular composites, and reinforced it with an epoxy matrix, crafting a nanocomposite surface. This method was paralleled by incorporating nanoparticle-infused resin into the Kevlar fiber. The concentration of nano clay within the epoxy resin was adjusted across different weight percentages: 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Both composite and nanomaterial panels were meticulously crafted using the hand layup method post-curing. The outcome was enlightening: the tensile strength of the clay/epoxy/Kevlar composite surged by 10.54% at the 7.5 wt% clay concentration. This enhancement, however, saw a decline in higher clay incorporations. The study also unveiled
Natrayan, L.Seeniappan, KaliappanSree, G. Vanya
Introducing a groundbreaking exploration into the mechanical properties of epoxy hybrid biocomposites, this study unveils a comprehensive analysis encompassing tensile strength, flexural properties, impact resistance, and hardness characteristics. The materials under scrutiny include hemp fiber (H), kenaf fiber (K), and coconut powder (CP), both in their untreated state and after undergoing alkaline processing. This research marks a significant milestone in understanding these sustainable materials and their potential for enhancing composite materials. In this endeavour, hemp is the basis material, while kenaf and coconut are filler elements. The total weight proportion of hemp was kept constant while the other two fibre fillers were changed. The unprocessed laminate sample significantly improves tensile, flexural, and impact strength with increasing coconut fiber loading. The improved interlinking capacity of the natural fibre composites (NFC) and an epoxy matrix is also to blame for
Kaliappan, S.Natrayan, L.
Automobile parts often require materials that offer high strength and durability. With the continuous push for environmentally friendly solutions, natural fibers such as jute have emerged as a potential alternative for synthetic fibers in automobile components. In this study, we aim to enhance the properties of jute fibers by coating them with different polymers and assessing their suitability for automotive applications. We treated jute fibers with various polymers—low-density polyethylene, polyester, and araldite epoxy. The performance of these treated fibers was compared using fiber tensile experimentation, differential calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical evaluation. Our findings reveal that the treated jute fibers exhibit a tensile strength of 598 MPa. However, when coated with polymers, there’s a variance in strength: polyethylene (263 MPa), polyester (191 MPa), and epoxy (281 MPa). Among these, epoxy-coated fibers displayed the least tensile strength, while polyethylene-coated
Natrayan, L.Kaliappan, SeeniappanBalaji, N.Mahesh, V.
Bamboo fibers were used as reinforcement in hardened epoxy mixes altered with ethoxylated soybean oil (ESO) to enhance the mechanical and thermal qualities. Compared to a bio-based epoxy mix, the tensile strength and modulus of the laminate with 20% bamboo fiber were higher. During thermogravity analysis (TGA) evaluation, it was discovered that the rate of deterioration peak had been moved to a warmer temperature, indicating improved thermal durability of the aggregate over the base material. The dynamic mechanical evaluation of the bio-based composite anticipated increased storage modulus and greater glass transition temperatures. High fiber–matrix adherence was visible in scanning electron morphology (SEM). Measurements of the interfacial adhesion demonstrate the hydrophilicity of the bio-based reinforced composites. The binding and effective insemination of fibers is responsible for the fiber-reinforced composite’s durability. Higher rigidity and durability were generated because
Meshram, Pawan DevidasNatrayan, L.Balaji, N.Reddy, Vinay
Steel represents more than 50% of weight in vehicles, being more susceptible to corrosion processes. Corrosion studies in these components are of great industrial and economic interest, and anticorrosive coatings with efficiency of superior protection is still a relevant area in materials research. Paintings from inorganic and organic hybrid compounds have been used to produce more effective and efficient coatings. Among polymeric coatings, epoxy resin is considered one of the most used anticorrosion coatings, mainly due its excellent protective properties. High barrier level is reached by reinforcing the coatings with inorganic fillers such heavy metal, nanoparticles, silica, and now more recently, carbon-based materials, like graphene and its derivatives. Graphene combined with additives presented in the paint composition can act as a passive physical barrier between the corrosive environment and the metal surface, restricting the diffusion of corrosive agents across the metal
de Oliveira, Elisa M. N.Sormani, Mariana B.Hurtado, Luiz P.Polkowski, Rodrigo D. O.
Thermoplastic resins, composites, and copolymers can help the healthcare industry address multiple sustainability challenges. Specifically, thermoplastic materials can help manufacturers develop medical devices that
Epoxy polymers are widely used in various industries, e.g., as coatings, adhesives, and for lightweight construction due to their unique properties such as high strength, chemical resistance, and adhesion to various surfaces. Therefore, one of the most prominent applications is their use as matrix material in fiber-reinforced composites, which are heavily employed in the aerospace sector. However, the disposal of epoxy polymers and composites thereof has become a significant concern due to their recalcitrant nature and the adverse environmental effects caused by traditional recycling methods
Composites are especially important for the development and implementation of sustainable technologies such as wind power, energy-efficient aircrafts, and electric cars. Despite their advantages, their non-biodegradability raises challenges for the recycling of polymer and composites in particular. University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany Epoxy polymers are widely used in various industries, e.g., as coatings, adhesives, and for lightweight construction due to their unique properties such as high strength, chemical resistance, and adhesion to various surfaces. Therefore, one of the most prominent applications is their use as matrix material in fiber-reinforced composites, which are heavily employed in the aerospace sector. However, the disposal of epoxy polymers and composites thereof has become a significant concern due to their recalcitrant nature and the adverse environmental effects caused by traditional recycling methods. In this context, the overall production of plastic waste is
The requirement of the current scenario is to identify the sustainable material and process it into acceptable properties for current applications. The natural fiber is a prime sustainable material having the properties of biodegradability, plenty of availability, economical and adequate physical-mechanical property. Sesbania rostrata fiber is extracted from the stem of Sesbania rostrata plant which is cultivated along with Turmeric plants on 1000 acres annually as a nitrogen fixation plant. The fiber-reinforced composite is a tailor made material by altering the fiber and polymer weight proportion to achieve desired properties for applications. The natural fiber is a promising material to replace synthetic fiber to transform the composite into biodegradable. The making of holes in the biocomposite by the secondary process is essential for the assembly operation. The biocomposite was developed by reinforced Sesbania rostrata fiber in Polycaprolactone (PCL) biopolymer at the weight
Raja, KA, KarthikSenthil Kumar, MSP S, Sampath
In order to determine if carbon–luffa hybrid composites are appropriate for automotive applications, this study gives a thorough mechanical evaluation of such materials. A potential path to improving the performance of automotive components is provided by combining the remarkable strength and stiffness of carbon fibers with the lightweight and environmentally friendly qualities of luffa fibers. The mechanical characteristics of the hybrid composites were characterized using a variety of experimental examinations, including tensile, flexural, and impact testing, and contrasted to those of traditional materials often used in the automobile sector. The composite containing 85% epoxy and 15% carbon fibers displayed the best tensile strength among the examined samples, reaching 168.58 MPa. However, 85% epoxy, 7.5% luffa, and 7.5% carbon fibers had a remarkable bending strength of 110.25 MPa. Notably, the B-type specimens distinguished themselves from the others with their low void content
Natrayan, L.Kaliappan, S.
Recycling of advanced composites made from carbon fibers in epoxy resins is essential for two primary reasons. First, the energy necessary to produce carbon fibers is very high and therefore reusing these fibers could greatly reduce the lifecycle energy of components which use them. Second, if the material is allowed to break down in the environment, it will contribute to the growing presence of microplastics and other synthetic pollutants. Recyclability and Embodied Energy of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites discusses current recycling and disposal methods—which typically do not aim for full circularity, but rather successive downcycling—and addresses the major challenge of aligning fibers into unidirectional tows of real value in high-performance composites. Click here to access the full SAE EDGETM Research Report portfolio
Muelaner, Jody Emlyn
To grow the application space of polymer additive manufacturing (AM), the industry must provide an offering with improved mechanical properties. Several entities are working towards introducing continuous fibers embedded into either a thermoplastic or thermoset resin system. This approach can enable significant improvement in mechanical properties and could be what is needed to open new and exciting applications within the aerospace industry. Introduction of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Polymer: A New Additive Manufacturing Path for Aerospace examines a couple of unsettled issues that are beginning to come to light regarding these materials and focuses on the ability to design and provide robust structural analysis for continuous fiber reinforced polymer AM—unsung aspects that can make or break this new technology as it finds its way into the aerospace market. Without solutions to them, adoption by the aerospace industry will be limited to point design applications, thus constraining
Hayes, Michael
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes and gives general guidelines on use and applicability of standard methods for impregnating dry fabric and lay-up of the impregnated plies. The methods of impregnating dry fabric and ply lay-up described in this document have specific application and are not interchangeable. The methods should only be used when specified in an approved repair procedure or with the agreement of the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) or regulatory authority
AMS CACRC Commercial Aircraft Composite Repair Committee
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes standard methods of heat application to cure thermosetting resins for commercial aircraft composite repairs. The methods described in this document shall only be used when specified in an approved repair document or with the agreement of the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) or regulatory authority
AMS CACRC Commercial Aircraft Composite Repair Committee
Currently, there is a growing tendency to incorporate natural fibers in composites due to their affordability, lightweight nature, and eco-friendliness. Researchers are continuously exploring new materials that offer improved mechanical properties for a broader range of applications. In this work, an experimental investigation on tensile and fatigue behavior of jute-wool felt-reinforced epoxy hybrid laminate is carried, in addition to an E-glass fiber-reinforced epoxy laminate that helps in comparison. Constant amplitude tensile fatigue test is conducted for 80%, 70%, and 60% of the ultimate load of respective composites at a stress ratio of 0.1 and frequency of 7 Hz for both laminates. The jute-wool felt composite showed good fatigue resistance. Though glass fiber composite showed higher tensile strength, jute-wool felt composite exhibits higher fatigue performance than glass fiber composites at higher stress levels. However, at lower stress levels, glass fiber composite shows better
Thilakan, SanjayMathivanan, N. Rajesh
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) specifies solid, un-cut polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) retainers (backup rings) for use in glands in accordance with AS4716. They are usually used in hydraulic and pneumatic system components as anti-extrusion devices in conjunction with O-rings and other seals for static and dynamic applications
A-6C2 Seals Committee
The purpose of this specification is to allow procurement of defined carbon fiber and fiberglass epoxy prepreg materials corresponding to their statistically derived material properties published in CMH-17 (formerly MIL-HDBK-17). As a result, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program shall notify the Qualifying Agency per 4.2.1
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) specifies solid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) retainers (backup rings) for use in static glands in accordance with AS5857. They are usually for use in hydraulic and pneumatic systems as anti-extrusion devices in conjunction with O-rings and other seals
A-6C2 Seals Committee
Ice and snow accretion on aircraft surfaces imposes operational and safety challenges, severely impacting aerodynamic performance of critical aircraft structures and equipment. For optimized location-based ice sensing and integrated ‘smart’ de-icing systems of the future, microwave resonant-based planar sensors are presented for their high sensitivity and versatility in implementation and integration. Here, a conformal, planar complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) based microwave sensor is presented for robust detection of localized ice and snow accretion. The sensor has a modified thick aluminum-plate design and is coated with epoxy for greater durability. The fabricated sensor operates at a resonant frequency of 1.18 GHz and a resonant amplitude of -33 dB. Monitoring the resonant frequency response of the sensor, the freezing and thawing process of a 0.1 ml droplet of water is monitored, and a 60 MHz downshift is observed for the frozen droplet. Using an artificial snow chamber
Shah, AaryamanNiksan, OmidZarifi, Mohammad H.
Mechanical engineering researchers at Michigan Technological University have created a way to make a 3D-printable nanocomposite polymeric ink that uses carbon nanotubes (CNTs) — known for their high tensile strength and lightness. This revolutionary ink could replace epoxies
Previous material solution for industrial inverter applications was PC/ABS for more than 10 years. Recently, PC/ABS has been reduced in the market due to customer needs for improved performance of existing materials and market trends for improved material like raising carbon credits are emphasizing the need for eco-friendly environmental technologies and rapidly growing smart factories to deliver, smart power consumption technologies for environmental protection and energy saving. This trend is rapidly changing in common life and various industries, so new material solutions are required to improve effective material solutions such as less or no outgassing, thermal stability and lower process temperature availability, color stability, better flame retardant properties and so on. In this study, according to new industry requirements, material evaluation was conducted with SABIC NORYLTM N-series PPE resins and incumbent PC/ABS material. Through various experiments, we confirmed the
Hyun, Soon-YoungKim, HaekownRyu, SuilBaek, Namjoong
There are significant predictive tool usages by design engineers in automotive industry to capture material composition and manufacturing process-induced variables. In specific, an accurate modeling of material behavior to predict the mechanical performance of a thermoplastic part is an evolving subject in this field as one needs to consider multiple factors and steps to achieve the right prediction accuracies. The variability in prediction comes from different factors such as polymer type (filled vs. unfilled, amorphous vs semi crystalline etc.), design and manufacturing features (weldline, gate locations, thickness, notches etc.), operating conditions (temperature, moisture etc.) and finally load states (tension, compression, flexural, impact etc.). Using traditional numerical simulation-based modelling to study and validate all these factors requires significant computational time and effort. An alternative method by using data science and AI-ML models is proposed to reduce the
Thambi, Joel LutherMohapatra, Subhransu SekharKavalakkat, Vinod JoseMohapatra, Subhransu S.U, UllasBarik, Saibal Kanchan
Microfluidic devices are compact testing tools made up of tiny channels carved on a chip, which allow biomedical researchers to test the properties of liquids, particles, and cells at a microscale. They are crucial to drug development, diagnostic testing, and medical research in areas such as cancer, diabetes and now COVID-19. However, the production of these devices is very labor intensive, with minute channels and wells that often need to be manually etched or molded into a transparent resin chip for testing. While 3D printing has offered many advantages for biomedical device manufacturing, its techniques were previously not sensitive enough to build layers with the minute detail required for microfluidic devices. Until now
This specification covers a two-part epoxy resin system in the form of a bisphenol "A" epoxy resin filled with fumed silica and carbon microspheres and a separate curing agent
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
The aim of the paper is to analyze the effect of the design factors on the buckling load of the thin hybrid laminated composite plate made of Carbon/Glass Epoxy fiber. The detailed investigation is done on the stacking sequence, stacking angle, cut-out orientation whose shape is elliptical and thickness of the plate. For optimization the Taguchi approach of Design for Experiments (DOE) is being considered. For obtaining the combinations L16 orthogonal array is implemented using MINITAB and analysis is carried using ANSYS software. Analysis of each factor is done and significance of each factor is decided based on the 0.05 confidence level. Normal Probability and Residual versus Fitted Values plot is being obtained. Based on the delta values rank for each factor which have four levels are given. The boundary condition of simply supported on all edges is considered during the simulation for calculating the critical buckling load
Gore, RenukaBhaskara Rao, Lokavarapu
Natural fibers have been increasingly used in polymer composites during the last decade, and this has a significant impact on environmental implications. Natural fibers from lignocellulose materials have recently emerged in the form of fabric woven reinforced in polymer composites due to numerous applications, including structural and non-structural variants. One of the most promising materials for substituting synthetic polymeric materials by naturally available fiber reinforcements in polymer composites is woven fabric. Bamboo/Bamboo woven fabric encompasses bamboo yarn in both the warp and weft directions was chosen for this study. Bamboo/bamboo twill woven fabric acting as a reinforcement in the composites with epoxy resin as a bonding material using the compression moulding method of manufacturing. The mechanical characterization of twill woven fabric bamboo/bamboo reinforced composites was examined using five dissimilar fiber loading conditions (30:70, 35:65, 40:60, 45:55, and 50
A, KarthikR, JeyakumarP S, SampathR, Soundarararajan
Natural fibre reinforced composites (NFRCs) are potential members for structural and non-structural applications in the automobile and aerospace industries. They are promising environmentally friendly materials and are likely to replace synthetic fibre-reinforced composites (SRFC). In this work, abaca/epoxy composites were fabricated using the hand-layup method. The impact tests (Charpy and Izod) and thermal stability test (TGA-DSC Analysis) were conducted on abaca/epoxy reinforced composite (AFRC) samples. The impact test is a standardized high-strain rate test used to determine the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture. The specific impact strength of AFRC is 80 N/mm and 10 N/mm For Charpy and Izod tests, respectively. SEM analysis revealed that fibre-pull out is a major failure. The thermal stability of AFRC is 650 oC, and the residual mass is 6.95
Shaik, Mahaboob SubhaniSankarasubramanian, Hariharan
Recent measures taken to protect the environment have paved the way for composite materials reinforced with natural fiber, which has forced manufacturing giants to search for a fill-in for conventional reinforcing materials. As a result, extensive research efforts have been put into the synthesis, manufacture, and production of bio-derived polymers. One such type of bio-derived polymer is natural fibre composite materials. Natural fibre reinforced composites (NFCs), as the name designates, are made of natural resources and thus possess environmentally beneficial properties like biodegradability. Firstly, sugarcane bagasse polymer composite is prepared and it’s behaviour is determined by subjecting to tensile and bending loads. Later, the effect of Sapodilla seed shell powder on Sugarcane Bagasse fibre reinforced Epoxy composite materials is investigated in this study. Hand-layup approach is utilized in this study in preparation of samples. The results show that the addition of
Prudhvidhar Reddy, AndemSaride, Ramya BhavanaPeyyala, Pramod KumarMallepally, Venkateswar Reddy
The goal of this research was to use renewable resources derived from plants and other sources to prepare high-performance carbon fiber and thermosetting matrix resins with high strength and high thermal resistance. The scientific objectives were to 1) develop methods for breaking down, modifying, and processing renewable resources to make epoxy resins, vinyl resins, and carbon fibers, and 2) determine structure-property relationships for these novel materials
This research paper determines the vibrational response of different weight percentages of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on carbon/epoxy composite tubes. The modal analysis was performed using Ansys Composite PrepPost (ACP) with fixed-fixed and cantilever boundary conditions. The models were analyzed with a winding angle of ±55° and compared with winding angles ±65° and ±75°. Modal analysis was also performed by embracing flax fibers on Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) nanocomposite tubes with different layering sequences such as Carbon/Carbon/Carbon/Flax (C/C/C/F), Carbon/Flax/Carbon/Flax (C/F/C/F), and Carbon/Flax/Flax/Flax (C/F/F/F). The results indicated that, by the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles, the natural frequency of CFRP nanocomposite tubes gets increased. The natural frequencies were found to be higher in the fixed-fixed case than in cantilever conditions. The natural frequency of nanocomposite tubes with a winding angle of ±55° had shown approximately 4% and
Praveenbabu, A.R.Naveen, Jesuarockiam
Usage of fiber-filled thermoplastics in automotive structural applications are increasing due to their inherent advantages over metal, which include lighter weight and simplification in assembly. However, accurately predicting the performance of a fiber-filled thermoplastic part can be challenging due to presence of non-linearity and anisotropy in the material behavior. This paper describes material characterization and modeling of fiber-filled thermoplastics for accurate prediction of part performance to enable rapid use of these lighter materials in automotive applications. The grade used for the study is a 30% glass filled PEI, SABIC’s ULTEMTM 2300 Resin. Accuracy of the fiber orientation prediction is clearly demonstrated by the plaque level flow simulation validation with the CT-Scan data, followed by structural validations with specimen and part level tests. This study involves a representative cylinder-shaped part that accommodates different thicknesses and multiple
Kavalakkat, VinodMohapatra, SubhransuMallick, RoopaliThambi, JoelGodthi, Vamsy
This specification covers a prepolymer in the form of an epoxy cresol novolac (ECN) resin
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
This specification covers an alicyclic diepoxy carboxylate prepolymer in the form of a low-viscosity liquid
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
This specification covers a heat-reactive, thermosetting, epoxy resin matrix in the form of a semi-solid. The resin matrix thermally cures to an epoxy polymer
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
This specification covers woven glass cloth that has been suitably finished for further fabrication into glass fabric base resin laminates and sandwich materials
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
The vehicle industry being in the middle of transformation, the development of electric drives has come into engineers’ focus. The parameter evaluation of dynamic systems can be cumbersome when having nonlinearity in the structure, for example nonlinear stiffness characteristics. In such case, the standard linear approach, including EMA (Experimental Modal Analysis), modal superposition, FRF measurement (Frequency Response Function) and modal synthesis can not be applied. However, one of the main challenges in addressing nonlinearities is the lack of general tools to approach them. In this paper, a general framework to study nonlinearities in a structural dynamic context is presented. The method relies on standard random and sine sweep testing approaches to detect and localize nonlinearities, and on dedicated processing techniques to analyze the data and extract information on the nature of the analyzed nonlinearity. This approach is then used to study the behavior of an assembly of a
Manzato, SimoneGazdagh, ZoltánVehovszky, BalázsOttaiano, Simona Anna
This recommended practice describes the physical and chemical characterization techniques for identification of epoxy adhesive and prepreg resin systems in order to verify the chemical formulation, resin B-staging (See 8.1), cure reaction rates, adhesive moisture content, and resin component mix ratios, as necessary to achieve manufacturing and quality producibility and engineering performance
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
The size and weight of the traction inverter needs to be reduced to ensure a sufficient cruising range of an electric vehicle. To this end, one approach involves changing materials of the inverter case from aluminum to resin. However, the resin in use of inverter case causes technical issues in terms of collision performance, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and cooling performance because of the difference in the material properties between the resin and the conventionally used aluminum. By solving the abovementioned issues, a resin water jacket case (hereinafter, resin water jacket) was successfully adopted with inverters designed for next-generation electric powertrain in mass production models for the first time. The resin-based structure had advantages to reduce the weight of the inverter case by ~35% and decrease the number of parts to ~3/5, compared to that for the conventional cases. The inverter case was reviewed and consisted of a flat resin water jacket and a box-shaped
Ishii, SoichiHatanaka, SeijiKomasaki, ShinyaOkubo, AkinoriNakajima, MasayaIiyama, Tadaaki
In the preform preparation stage of the RTM process, the fabric is draped on the mold along the geometry. Before the filling and warpage analysis, the draping analysis will be performed to get the fabric orientation. Due to the anisotropy of the fabric material, the main direction of the material has a significant influence on the overall flow behavior and warpage of the product. In this study, the advanced simulation approach for the RTM process is demonstrated. The filling and warpage analysis integrate with the draping simulation result. The influences of fabric shearing and fiber orientation on the resin flow and product warpage in RTM process is studied. With more accurate fabric orientation prediction methods, the accuracy of predicting fabric ply orientation is improved and more accurate infusion and product warpage simulation results can be obtained
Yang, HsunChang, Hsi-HungHsu, Chih-Chung
In this study the volume and hardness were measured for thermoplastics and thermosetting resins with diesel containing up to 30% of the following blend stocks: biodiesel, renewable diesel, n-undecane, dibutoxymethane, 1-octanol, hexyl hexanoate, and 2-nonanone. Thermoplastics included polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyoxymethylene (POM), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polypropylene (PP), high density polyethylene (HDPE), nylons, acetals, polyetherimide (PEI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a PET co-polymer, polyphthalamides (PPAs), polyarylamide (PARA) and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE). Three thermosetting resins were also evaluated. The material specimens were exposed to the test fuels under ambient conditions for 16 weeks. In general, the volume and hardness of the specimens were relatively unaffected following exposure to the test fuels; however, n-undecane produced significant
Kass, MichaelJanke, ChrisNafziger, Eric
Items per page:
1 – 50 of 1328