Browse Topic: Odors

Items (210)
In people with epilepsy, seizure-alert dogs can smell small changes in body chemistry and warn of an impending seizure an hour or more before it occurs. Inspired by this feat of nature, a team of researchers has developed a way to replicate that ability with technology
Aryballe Technology's unique sensors-on-a-chip solution aims to end the subjectivity of the human nose while neutralizing vehicle cabin odors. Whether they're riding in an autonomous shuttle, a transit bus, a train or a rental car, passengers often face cabin air full of “mal odors” - bad smells - including cigarette and vape smoke, pungent food, blatant lack of personal hygiene and worse. Where the off-gassing of plastics and leather in new vehicles had been a minor issue in the past, the olfactory (science of smells) experience is increasingly a key differentiator in rider satisfaction as new mobility solutions emerge. Ensuring a neutral-smelling passenger space is a growing focus of fleet owners and managers, particularly as autonomy becomes established in the commercial-transportation sector. Looking to a future of driverless shuttles, OEMs in the field (i.e., Cruise Automation, Waymo, Navya, Transdev, EasyMile and a host of players in China) are investigating olfaction-based
Brooke, Lindsay
The problem of air pollution particularly particulate matter has to be considered seriously for the workers in confined spaces such as mines etc. This serious impact can be solved with the inclusion of wet scrubber in the exhaust system which removes the toxic particulate matter from the exhaust gas stream. In the wet scrubber, the exhaust gases from diesel engines are being brought into contact with the scrubbing liquid. In the current study, wet scrubber was designed and fabricated employing various nozzles at different orientations so that it facilitates effective encounter of gaseous pollutants with the scrubbing liquid. The experimental study was carried out employing both human and equipment assessment. The study was conducted with the inclusion of biodiesel blend (B20) together with the scrubbing system and the results were compared with the baseline diesel fuel. Also, the experiment was repeated using variation of parameter of scrubbing liquid like temperature i.e., cold and
J, NagarajanLakshmana Pandian, PrakashBalasubramanian, Dhinesh
This SAE Standard provides test methods for determining the critical characteristics of basic or finished fiberboard products. Where applicable, methods of test developed by SAE and ASTM have been referenced
Textile and Flexible Plastics Committee
This test can be used to evaluate odor characteristics of non-metallic materials used in the interior cabin of a vehicle. The test conditions, odor panel requirements, scale for odor intensity and reporting of results are specified. The data from this test are useful when compared to data obtained from samples with known odor characteristics
Volatile Organic Compounds
Trained dogs can detect many kinds of disease — including lung, breast, bladder, and prostate cancers and possibly COVID-19 — simply through smell. But it takes time to train such dogs and their availability and time is limited. Researchers have come up with a system that can detect the chemical and microbial content of an air sample with even greater sensitivity than a dog's nose. They coupled this to a machine-learning process that can identify the distinctive characteristics of the disease-bearing samples
Subjectivity in testing for automotive validation processes is typically a sticking point for many suppliers and OEMs. For vehicle interiors, in addition to the laboratory testing, human panels of “trained noses” are used to judge the different components and the completed vehicle. In the automotive industry, there is no standardization as each OEM has their own testing specifications, rating scale and methods. In addition to the variation in OEM specification, there are also global specifications issued by SAE, VDA, and ISO. This lack of unified quantitative norms leads to increased costs and timing for suppliers, lab-to-lab variations in results and ultimately longer development times for the OEMs. With the advances in sensors, biochemistry and machine learning, odor detection and classification can be achieved with the use of a digital olfaction device, or “electronic nose”. We will demonstrate the ability to identify different types of plastics, the ability to differentiate between
Bultel, EtienneFranchy, MikeKlein, JohnBrun, LucieDecorps, JohannaFacteau, ElizabethShereda, LauraPasqualon, AurélieRousselle, Tristan
Robots have replicated much of the human sensory experience on Mars. Cameras have given us sight; robotic hands, arms, and feet have supplied touch; and chemical and mineral sensors have let us taste and smell on Mars. Hearing is the last of the five senses yet to be exercised on the Red Planet
Aromatic substances, which are added to the fuel as fluorescing tracers, are in widespread use as a means of investigating mixing and reaction processes in IC engines by laser-based visualization techniques. The fuel/tracer/air mixture may differ from the pure fuel/air mixture in its chemical and its physical properties, and both aspects can be equally relevant for engine operation. They may, furthermore, interact due to the dependence of chemical reaction on physical conditions. In this paper, we study the overall influence of toluene as an exemplary aromatic tracer on engine performance by numerical modeling. The used model features a semi-detailed treatment of chemical reactions for both the fuel and the tracer, as well as their mutual chemical kinetics interactions. The dependence of engine performance parameters like auto-ignition timing and maximum pressures on these parameters is investigated by performing a large set of parametric simulations. To highlight the difference
Schiessl, Robert A.Sommerer, Jörg
This SAE Standard defines the requirements for fluid to be used in the SAE Fuel Filter Test Procedures
Filter Test Methods Standards Committee
This specification covers a liquid oxygen compatible gas-leak detecting compound in the form of a liquid
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Material authenticity is an important factor for appearance and perceived quality of the vehicle interior. The term authenticity implies ambivalence: For the product designer, it means identification and trueness of the origin of the material. The customers, however, can only access information on the nature of the materials via their own perception of surface features. Thus, the intended authenticity of a material always needs to be conveyed by its surface. Specific cases illustrate the context: 1. The customer touches a part of known matter, but various layers prevent from directly touching the natural material: e.g. leather at the steering wheel, applications of wood. 2. Perception of a thin surface layer indicates authentic material, which is not fulfilled by the whole part: e.g. plastic parts plated with metal. 3. A part consists of authentic material, but newly composed, so that it is not easily identified, such as recycled materials, e.g. leather fiber layers for seats
Haverkamp, Michael ChristianMoos, Anja
Ford China had carried out a research project to validate the target compounds that lead to Chinese customers’ complaint about interior cabin odor. The aim of the study was to understand the sensitivity of the customers, using experimental design and determine which substances that are key contributors to customer odor concerns. In this research, acetaldehyde, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, acetone and butyraldehyde are used to conduct odor re-manufacture study through reconstituting their concentration in vehicles, it is concluded that compound classes aromatics, aldehydes, and ketones have direct relationship to the odor concerns in China
Pan, AnboWalsh, AshleyDearth, MarkZhang, Xiao Qing
The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to review factors that influence the behavior of elastomers under conditions of dynamic stress and to provide guidance concerning laboratory procedures for determining the fatigue characteristics of elastomeric materials and fabricated elastomeric components
Materials, Processes and Parts Council
Several studies in the field of hedonics using subjective responses to gauge the nature and influence of odors have attempted to explain the complex psychological and chemical processes. Work on the effect of odors in alleviating driver fatigue is limited. The potential to improve road safety through non-pharmacological means such as stimulating odors is the impetus behind this paper. This is especially relevant in developing countries today with burgeoning economies such as India. Longer road trips by commercial transport vehicles with increasingly fatigued drivers and risk of accidents are being fuelled by distant producer - consumer connections. This work describes a two stage comparative study on the effects of different odors typically obtainable in India. The stages involve administration of odorants orthonsally and retronasally after the onset of circadian fatigue in test subjects. This is followed by a small cognitive exercise to evaluate hand-eye coordination. Instead of
Vasudevan, PrasannaJayachander, Sreegururaj
An easy and instant method of detection was needed for AF-M315E, a “green” propellant that produces very little vapor. This makes it hard to detect by smell or other active sensors
This paper reviews reportable aviation incidents and associated cost losses. Aviation incidents include visible smoke incidents inside aircraft passenger cabins, occurrences of fumes and oily smells, and illness cases reported by flight crew members in 2012, for US based carriers for domestic flights and all international flights that either originated or terminated in the US. Cost losses include direct and indirect costs endured by different airlines due to diversions from the scheduled flight route, returns to departure airport, expedited arrival procedures, and cancellation of flights on ground. Two case study scenarios are presented to illustrate minimum and maximum costs limits. Sources used to collect data for this article include the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Federal Aviation Administration online database, Research and Innovative Technology Administration database (RITA), and official airline websites. Average financial loss is estimated to be approximately $32,000 to $47,000
Shehadi, MaherJones, ByronHosni, Mohammad
Many diseases are accompanied by characteristic odors, and their recognition can provide diagnostic clues, guide the laboratory evaluation, and affect the choice of immediate therapy. The study of the chemical composition in human breath using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) has shown a correlation between the volatile compounds and the occurrence of certain illnesses. The presence of those specific compounds can provide an indication to physiological malfunction and support the diagnosis of diseases. This condition requires an analytical tool with very high sensitivity for measurement
This test applies to various materials used for insulation and other applications
Volatile Organic Compounds
This study has been conducted to analyze microbial diversity and its community by using a method of NGS(Next generation sequencing) technique that is not rely on cultivation for microbial community in an core evaporator causing odor of car air conditioner. The NGS without any cultivation method of cultivation, has been developed recently and widely. This method is able to research a microorganism that has not been cultivated. Differently with others, it can get a result that is closer to fact, also can acquire more base sequence with larger volume in relatively shorter time. According to bacteria population analysis of 23 samples, It can be known limited number of bacteria can inhabit in Evaporator core, due to small exposure between bacteria and evaporate, as well as its environmental characteristics. With the population analysis, only certain group of it is forming biofilm in proportion
Kim, Ji WanLee, Tae Hee
In last 10 years or so, a number of OEMs are designing vehicles with start-stop function to save energy and to reduce pollution. For these systems, the situations in which air-conditioning systems are used have been changing with a significant increase in adoption of idle-time reduction systems (no idling-system). Blower fan remains operating at idle condition while compressor stops in most cases for these systems. In this case, the air temperature at the vent outlets increases. The increase in the air temperature under range of thermal boundary conditions around the evaporator causes a concern of odor to occur. This paper describes and explains experimental studies on changes in heat and humidity at the air outlets according to the switching operation of compressor and root cause analyses of odor coming from air-conditioning system for vehicles with start-stop function
Uematsu, SatokiUehara, ToshiyukiUchida, ToshiyaMathur, Gursaran D.
AROMA uses a boundary-element formulation to calculate normal and shear pressure distributions and sub-surface stresses for elastic bodies in contact. In addition to handling static normal and sheer loading, it also solves the contact problem for rolling elements such as bearings, traction drives, and wheel-to-rail interfaces. AROMA is a powerful and flexible tool for studying the tractive forces that arise during rolling in combination with kinematic effects, such as creepage and spin that are related to rolling element alignment. This GUI-based tool was developed in MATLAB, and can run within the MATLAB environment or as a standalone application
This specification covers a modified vinyl plastic foam in the form of sheet and strip up to 1-1/2 inches (38.1 mm) in nominal thickness
AMS P Polymeric Materials Committee
This specification and its supplementary detail specifications cover a woven nylon cloth coated with polyether (EU) urethane
AMS P Polymeric Materials Committee
This specification and its supplementary detail specifications cover a woven nylon cloth coated with polyether (EU) urethane which is thermally, radio frequency, or ultrasonically sealable and having air holding characteristics
AMS P Polymeric Materials Committee
This specification covers a gas-leak detecting compound compatible with liquid oxygen in the form of a liquid
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers corrosion-preventive organic substances dissolved or emulsified in a volatile solvent and supplied in the form of a ready-to-use liquid
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
With the increase in the market's requirement level and the incited dispute for the consumers, the automotive industry has given special attention to the customer's perceived quality. One of the aspects related to the quality perception is the "new car's smell." The trend, shown by the market, is to control this characteristic in a subjective way, by means of especially trained panel. This paper aims at analyzing this question by another point of view, leaving the subjectivity and searching to characterize the new car's smell in an analytical and concrete way. It was shown that the main VOCs contained in a poly(vinyl chloride) matrix are 2-butanone, acetic acid ethyl ester, toluene, acetic acid butyl ester, cyclohexanone and 1-hydroxycumene. The evaporation rate of the VOCs was studied and its impact in atmospheric global composition evaluated
de Souza, Julio Cesardo Nascimento, Sara Araujo
This test applies to various materials used for insulation and other applications
Volatile Organic Compounds
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