Browse Topic: Aluminum alloys

Items (6,407)

Image Processing-Based Chip Detection by KIZKI Algorithm and Its Optimization

2025-01-0168To be published on 05/02/2025

The process of producing aircraft parts involves the drilling of aluminum alloys. This creates a large amount of chips, which are removed using air, but sometimes they still remain within the holes. This is checked by inspectors through visual inspection. However, the quality of human inspection varies based on skill level and fatigue. Thus, image-based inspection should be used to stabilize and further improve inspection quality. This study aims to build a framework for chip detection based on image processing. Taking into account on-site implementation, the system must have low installation and running costs and be standalone. Therefore, we adopt the KIZKI algorithm, which satisfies these conditions. KIZKI means awareness in Japanese. This is a model of human peripheral vision and saccades. It does not require training like AI and can achieve high-speed and high-performance detection using a low-performance computer. In other words, there is no need for a computer with an expensive

Iinuma, Marin, Sato, Junya, Tsuji, Masahiko

Elongation Prediction of Die-Cast Aluminum Alloy Based on 3D Convolutional Neural Network Model

05-18-04-0032

04/09/2025

This study aims to predict the impact of porosities on the variability of elongation in the casting Al-10Si-0.3Mg alloy using machine learning methods. Based on the dataset provided by finite element method (FEM) modeling, two machine learning algorithms including artificial neural network (ANN) and 3D convolutional neural network (3D CNN) were trained and compared to determine the optimal model. The results showed that the mean squared error (MSE) and determination coefficient (R2) of 3D CNN on the validation set were 0.01258/0.80, while those of ANN model were 0.28951/0.46. After obtaining the optimal prediction model, 3D CNN model was used to predict the elongation of experimental specimens. The elongation values obtained by experiments and FEM simulation were compared with that of 3D CNN model. The results showed that for samples with elongation smaller than 9.5%, both the prediction accuracy and efficiency of 3D CNN model surpassed those of FEM simulation.

Zhang, Jin-sheng, Zheng, Zhen, Zhao, Xing-zhi, Gong, Fu-jian, Huang, Guang-sheng, Xu, Xiao-min, Wang, Zhi-bai, Yang, Yutong

A DEM-FEM Coupled Analysis of Ultrasonic Shot Peening Dynamics and Surface Modification Parameters in Aluminum Alloys

2025-01-8239

04/01/2025

The significant mechanical features of aluminum alloy, including cost-effectiveness, lightweight, durability, high reliability, and easy maintenance, have made it an essential component of the automobile industry. Automobile parts including fuel tanks, cylinder heads, intake manifolds, brake elements, and engine blocks are made of aluminum alloy. The primary causes of its engineering failure are fatigue and fracture. Aluminum alloys' fatigue resistance is frequently increased by surface strengthening methods like ultrasonic shot peening (USP). This article discusses the shot peening dynamics analysis and the influence of ultrasonic shot peening parameters on material surface modification using the DEM-FEM coupling method. Firstly, the projectile motion characteristics under different processes are simulated and analyzed by EDEM. The projectile dynamics characteristics are imported into Ansys software to realize DEM-FEM coupling analysis, and the surface modification characteristics of

Adeel, Muhammad, Azeem, Naqash, Xue, Hongqian, Hussain, Muzammil

Research on Material Stress Strain Curve Prediction Methods Based on Transfer Learning and Artificial Intelligence

2025-01-8317

04/01/2025

The mechanical properties of materials play a crucial role in real life. However, methods to measure these properties are usually time-consuming and labour intensive. Small Punch Through (SPT) has non-destructive characteristics and can obtain load-displacement curves of specimens, but it cannot visually extract the mechanical properties of materials. Therefore, we designed a proprietary SPT experiment and fixture, built a finite element method (FEM) model and developed a multi-fidelity model capable of predicting the mechanical properties of steel and aluminium alloys. It makes use of multi-fidelity datasets obtained from SPT and FEM simulation experiments, and this integration allows us to support and optimize the predictive accuracy of the study, thus ensuring a comprehensive and reliable characterization of the mechanical properties of the materials. The model also takes into account variations in material thickness and can effectively predict the mechanical properties of materials

Zou, Jie, Chen, Yechao, Li, Shanshan, Huayang, Xiang

3D Design and Analyses of an IC Engine Piston under Fatigue Test Conditions Using CNTs for the Next-Generation of Motorcycles

2025-01-8359

04/01/2025

CNTs play an important role in modern engineering projects, especially in engine pistons design for the next-generation of motorcycles. This work presents a comprehensive analyses proposed project using finite element method under actual operating conditions purpose performance evaluation of a motorcycle engine piston design, investigating the suitability of four distinct materials. Precise material properties adhering to linear elastic isotropic behavior were defined within the software environment and proposed advanced nanomaterial ensuring accurate representations of the proposed under the prescribed loading scenarios. The primary objective was to identify the optimal material choice for the piston, ensuring superior strength, minimal deformation, and lightweight characteristics essential for high-performance engine applications. Moreover interpreting and understanding the dynamic behavior of common and advanced engineering materials. Through a comprehensive evaluation of the

Ali, Salah H. R., Ahmed, Youssef G. A., Ali, Amr S.H.R.

A Modified Johnson-Cook Model Considering Strain-Temperature Coupling for Welding Simulation of Aluminum Alloy Bumper

2025-01-8243

04/01/2025

The metal inert-gas (MIG) welding technique employed for aluminum alloy automotive bumpers involve a complex thermo-mechanical coupling process at elevated temperatures. Attaining a globally optimal set of model parameters continues to represent a pivotal objective in the pursuit of reliable constitutive models that can facilitate precise simulation of the welding process. In this study, a novel piecewise modified Johnson-Cook (MJ-C) constitutive model that incorporates the strain-temperature coupling has been proposed and developed. A quasi-static uniaxial tensile model of the specimen is constructed based on ABAQUS and its secondary development, with model parameters calibrated via the second-generation non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) method. A finite element simulation model for T-joint welding is subsequently established, upon which numerical simulation analyses of both the welding temperature field and post-welding deformation can be conducted. The results

Yi, Xiaolong, Meng, Dejian, Gao, Yunkai

Parameter Calibration Method of Johnson-Cook Constitutive Model based on Tensile and Compression Tests

2025-01-8242

04/01/2025

In new energy vehicles, aluminum alloy has gained prominence for its ability to achieve superior lightweight properties. During the automotive design phase, accurately predicting and simulating structural performance can effectively reduce costs and enhance efficiency. Nevertheless, the acquisition of accurate material parameters for precise predictive simulations presents a substantial challenge. The Johnson-Cook model is widely utilized in the automotive industry for impact and molding applications due to its simplicity and effectiveness. However, variations in material composition, processing techniques, and manufacturing methods of aluminum alloy can lead to differences in material properties. Additionally, components are constantly subjected to complex stress states during actual service. Conventional parameter calibration methods primarily rely on quasi-static and dynamic tensile tests, offering limited scope in addressing compression scenarios. This paper proposes an inversion

Kong, Deyu, Gao, Yunkai

Advanced Characterization of Mechanical and Cyclic Fatigue Properties of Aluminum Cast Materials for Optimized Industrial Applications

2025-01-8237

04/01/2025

Given the strategic importance of aluminum cast materials in producing lightweight, high-performance products across industries, it is fundamental to assess their mechanical and cyclic fatigue properties thoroughly. This investigation is primarily for optimizing material utilization and enhancing the efficiency and reliability of aluminum cast components, contributing to significant conservation of raw materials and energy throughout both the manufacturing process and the product's lifecycle. In this study, a systematic material investigation was conducted to establish a reliable estimation of the fatigue behavior of different aluminum cast materials under different loading ratios and elevated temperatures. This paper presents an analysis of the statistical and geometrical influences on various aluminum alloys, including AlSi10MnMg, AlSi7Mg0.3, and AlSi8Cu3Fe, produced via pressure die casting and gravity die casting (permanent mold casting), and subjected to different heat treatment

Qaralleh, Ahmad, Niewiadomski, Jan, Bleicher, Christoph

Materials Innovation in Thermal Management: Advancing Aluminum Alloy Technologies for the Next-Generation Electrical Vehicle Battery Cold Plate

2025-01-8162

04/01/2025

The rapid expansion of the global electric vehicle (EV) market has significantly increased the demand for advanced thermal management solutions. Among these, the battery cold plate is a critical component, essential for maintaining optimal battery temperatures and ensuring efficient operation. As EV batteries increase in size, the thermal management requirements become more complex, necessitating the development of new alloys with enhanced strength and thermal conductivity. These advancements are crucial for the effective dissipation of heat and the ability to withstand the mechanical stresses associated with larger and more powerful batteries. The evolving performance demands of EVs are driving material innovation within the thermal management sector. This study aims to explore the global heat exchanger market trends from a material perspective, focusing on the evolution of the mechanical and thermal properties. Specifically, we investigated the transition from the traditional AA3003

Jalili, Mehdi, Wang, Xu, Razm-poosh, Hadi

Deformation Behavior and Springback Analysis of Anti-Collision Beam on Bending Forming

2025-01-8247

04/01/2025

Since aluminum alloys (AA) are widely used as structural components across various industries, higher requirements for shape-design, load-bearing, and energy-absorption capacity have been put forward. In this paper, we present the development of a numerical model, integrated with a compensation method, that effectively predicts processing defects in the bumper beam of a vehicle, resulting in a marked improvement in its forming quality. Specifically, different constitutive models are investigated for their applicability to the beam, enabling a precise evaluation of its structural performance under large deformation. The Johnson-Cook failure model is introduced to better characterize the fracture behavior of the beam under severe structural damage. The three-point bending experiment served as a rigorous examination, demonstrating good consistency between the experimental and simulation results. Furthermore, a prediction model for assessing the forming quality during the bending process

Zhang, Shizhen, Meng, Dejian, Gao, Yunkai

Aluminum Foil for Sandwich Construction

AMSA81596A (Current)

03/27/2025

This specification covers the requirements of uncoated aluminum alloy foil for core materials required for structural sandwich construction.

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Hand Forgings 8.0Zn - 1.0Cu - 1.6Mg - 0.12Zr (7037-T7452) Solution Heat Treated, Compression Stress Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4456B (Current)

03/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of hand forgings 11.000 inches (280 mm) and under in nominal thickness and of forging stock of any size (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extrusions, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-T3510), Solution Heat Treated, Cold Worked, Stress-Relieved by Stretching, Unstraightened

AMS4164K (Current)

03/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, wire, profiles, and tubing produced with cross-sectional area of 32 square inches (206 cm2), maximum (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extrusions, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-T3511), Solution Heat Treated, Cold Worked, Stress-Relieved by Stretching, and Straightened

AMS4165K (Current)

03/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, wire, profiles, and tubing produced with cross-sectional area of 32 square inches (206 cm2), maximum (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Rolled or Cold Finished, Bars and Rods, 12.2Si - 1.0Mg - 0.90Cu - 0.90Ni (4032-T651), Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved, Artificially Aged

AMS4319D (Current)

03/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of bars and rods 0.750 to 3.500 inches (19.05 to 88.90 mm), inclusive, in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Plate (7085-T7651) 7.5Zn - 1.6Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.12Zr Solution Heat Treated, Stress-Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4329C (Current)

03/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of plate 4.001 to 7.000 inches (101.62 to 177.80 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extruded Profiles (6056-T4511), 1.0Si - 0.90Mg - 0.80Cu - 0.60Mn - 0.40Zn, Solution Heat Treated and Stress-Relieved by Stretching

AMS4404C (Current)

03/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy procured in the form of extruded profiles (shapes) with nominal thickness of over 0.040 to 0.375 inch (over 1.00 to 9.5 mm), inclusive, and cross sections up to 7.75 square inches (5000 mm2) and circle sizes as indicated (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Plate (7160-T7351), 7.0Zn - 2.2Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.10Zr, Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4448A (Current)

03/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of plate 1.000 to 6.000 inches (25.40 to 152.40 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy Tubing, Seamless, Drawn, 1.8Cu - 1.0Mg - 0.8Si - 0.20Cr, Solution Heat Treated, Stress-Relieved by Stretching, and Aged (2013-T4511)

AMS4469B (Current)

03/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of seamless, drawn tubing having a nominal wall thickness of 0.120 to 0.400 inch (3.00 to 10.00 mm), inclusive (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy Forgings and Rolled or Forged Rings 6.3Cu - 0.30Mn - 0.18Zr - 0.10V - 0.06Ti (2219-T6) Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4143G (Current)

03/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of die and hand forgings 4 inches (102 mm) and under in thickness, rolled or forged rings 2.50 inches (63.5 mm) and under in radial thickness, and stock of any size for forging or rings (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Sheet 5.6Zn - 2.5Mg - 1.6Cu - 0.23Cr (7075-O) Annealed, Fine Grained

AMS4277C (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of sheet 0.011 to 0.126 inch (0.28 to 3.20 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness, with a grain size of ASTM No. 6 or finer (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Die and Hand Forgings, 5.6Zn - 2.5Mg - 1.6Cu - 0.23Cr (7075-T74), Solution Heat Treated and Aged

AMS4131F (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of die forgings and hand forgings up to 6.000 inches (152.40 mm) in nominal thickness at the time of heat treatment (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Plate (7085-T7451), 7.5Zn - 1.6Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.12Zr, Solution Heat Treated, Stress-Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4470D (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of plate 3.000 to 7.000 inches (76.20 to 177.80 mm) in nominal thickness (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extruded Profiles (7349-T76511), 8.1Zn - 1.7Cu - 2.2Mg - 0.16Zr, Solution Heat Treated, Stress-Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4332B (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy procured in the form of extruded profiles (shapes) with cross sections up to 0.750 inch (19.05 mm) (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy Extrusions, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-T3), Solution Heat Treated and Cold Worked

AMS4152P (Current)

03/05/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, wire, shapes, and tubing produced with cross-sectional area of 32 square inches (206 cm2), maximum (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Hand Forgings 7.5Zn - 1.6Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.12Zr (7085-T7452) Solution Heat Treated, Compression Stress-Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4414A (Current)

02/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of hand forgings 12 inches (305 mm), inclusive, and under in nominal thickness and forging stock of any size (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Hand Forgings and Rolled Rings, 6.3Cu - 0.30Mn - 0.18Zr - 0.10V - 0.06Ti (2219-T852/T851), Solution Heat Treated, Mechanically Stress Relieved, and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4144H (Current)

02/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of hand forgings 17 inches (432 mm) and under in nominal thickness and rolled rings up to 6 inches (152 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness at the time of heat treatment (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy Tubing, Seamless, Drawn, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-O), Annealed

AMS4087K (Current)

02/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of seamless drawn tubing having nominal wall thickness of 0.018 to 0.500 inch (0.46 to 12.70 mm), inclusive (see 8.4).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Seamless Drawn Tubing, 1.0Mg - 0.60Si - 0.28Cu - 0.20Cr (6061-T6), Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4082S (Current)

02/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of seamless drawn tubing with wall thickness of 0.025 to 0.500 inch (0.64 to 12.70 mm), inclusive (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Plate, 1.6Cu - 2.2Mg - 0.22Cr - 5.7Zn (7475-T7651), Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Stretching, and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4089G (Current)

02/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of plate 0.250 to 1.500 inches (6.35 to 38.10 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate, Alclad 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-O with 1-1/2% Alclad) Annealed

AMS4040R (Current)

02/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of sheet and plate, alclad two sides, 0.188 to 1.000 inch (4.775 to 25.400 mm), inclusive, in thickness, supplied in the annealed (O) condition (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extrusion, 2.7Cu - 1.8Li - 0.7Zn - 0.3Mn - 0.3Mg - 0.08Zr (2099-T83), Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Stretching 1 to 4% and Aged

AMS4287C (Current)

02/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, and profiles (shapes) produced with nominal thickness up to 3.000 inches (76.20 mm), inclusive, and having a cross-sectional area of 42 square inches (271 cm2) maximum and a circumscribing circle diameter (circle size) of 15 inches (38 cm) maximum (see 2.4.1 and 8.8).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extruded Rod, Bar, and Profiles (7055-T76511), 8.0Zn - 2.3Cu - 2.0Mg - 0.16Zr, Solution Heat Treated, Stress-Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4336D (Current)

02/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy procured in the form of extruded bars, rods, and profiles (shapes) with nominal thickness up to 3.000 inches (76.20 mm), inclusive, and having a cross-sectional area of 26.3 square inches (170 cm2) maximum and circle size of 15.3 inches (389 mm) maximum (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy Plate, 6.2Zn - 2.3Cu - 2.2Mg - 0.12Zr (7050-T7651), Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4201H (Current)

02/25/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of plate 0.250 to 3.000 inches (6.35 to 76.20 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Overhanging AA 4043 Structures Fabricated by CMT Pulse Based WAAM for Automotive Applications

2025-28-0140

02/07/2025

This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of overhanging structures using the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) pulse based Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) technique, specifically targeting automotive applications on commercial aluminum components. Focusing on optimal welding strategies for overhanging structures, components are fabricated by providing offsets during consecutive deposition of layers, thus producing parts with angles of 45°, 60° and 90° inclinations from the substrate. Three specimens undergo around twenty-five layers of deposition, resulting in structurally sound joints within this specified angle range. AA 4043 electrode is utilized, and welding parameters are optimized through trials by verifying with bead on plate deposition. Successful outcomes are achieved within the specified angle range, though challenges arise beyond 60°, complicating the maintenance of desired weld quality. The study further evaluates the microstructure, microhardness, and

A, Aravind, S, Jerome, A, Rahavendran

Evaluating Cone and Pyramid Frustums with Constant and Varying Wall Angles in Single-Point Incremental Sheet Forming

05-18-03-0019

02/07/2025

Incremental sheet forming is a dieless forming process. Innovative analysis of deformations in the SPIF process, utilizing four distinct sets of deformed structures. Each set consists of four deformed shapes that are categorized as constant and variable tool path, as well as process characteristics including deformed shape, spindle speed, step size, and feed rate. The objective of this article is to investigate the variation of forming force, surface roughness, hardness value, strain rate, forming limit curve (FLC), and strain against forming depth and is to optimize its process parameters. Pyramid frustums have a lower surface roughness than conical frustums. Deformation depth affects hardness at different points along the frustum. The hardness value of the pyramid frustum is often higher than that of the conical frustum. As no single parameter is demonstrated to be significant in determining strain rate, the deformed shape is more relevant than the other process parameters. This

Bhasker, Radhe Shyam, Kumar, Yogesh, Kumar, Santosh, Singh, Rajnish

Optimization of Output Responses in Electrical Discharge Machining of Al6063 Alloy Composites with Silicon Carbide and Fly Ash

2024-01-5252

01/28/2025

In the highly demanding domain of advanced technologies, Wire Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) has distinguished itself as one of the most promising methods for the efficient machining of sophisticated composite materials. As a critical advanced machining process, EDM caters to the stringent requirements for intricate geometries and effective material removal. This study focuses on Al6063 Alloy Composites reinforced with Silicon Carbide and Fly Ash, materials celebrated for their high strength, exceptional oxidation-corrosion resistance, and high-temperature performance. These composites are widely applied across aerospace, marine, automotive industries, nuclear power, and oilfield sectors. The current research involves a rigorous experimental analysis and parametric optimization of the aluminum matrix composite utilizing EDM. The primary objective is to fine-tune the process parameters, including pulse-off time, current, and taper angle. The experiments were designed and conducted

Sivaram Kotha, M. N. V. S. A., Chinta, Anil Kumar, Guru Dattatreya, G.S., Lava Kumar, M., Surange, Vinod G., Seenivasan, Madhankumar

Fabrication and Characterization of Silicon Carbide and Aluminum Oxide Reinforced 6061-T6 Aluminum Matrix Composites

2024-01-5262

01/28/2025

Aluminum Matrix Composites (AMCs) are gaining traction in aerospace, automotive, and marine industries due to their superior mechanical properties. By integrating hard ceramic particles such as silicon carbide (SiC) and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) into aluminum matrices, these composites exhibit enhanced wear resistance and strength-to-weight ratios. This study explores the fabrication and characterization of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy matrix composites, reinforced individually with SiC and Al₂O₃ particles through the squeeze casting technique. The research includes a comprehensive analysis of microstructures and mechanical properties, focusing on compressive strength, Brinell hardness, and tribological behavior. Findings reveal that SiC and Al₂O₃ reinforcements boost compressive strength by up to 27% and 47%, respectively, and increase hardness by up to 29% and 20%, respectively, compared to unreinforced aluminum.

Thirumavalavan, R., Santhosh, V., Sugunarani, S., Regupathi, S., Sundaravignesh, S.

Multi-Objective Welding Optimization for AA5052 Using Taguchi-Fuzzy Approach

05-18-03-0018

01/24/2025

This study investigates the influence of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding parameters on the dilution and hardness of AA5052 aluminum alloy. Employing Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array, the research systematically explores the effects of current, voltage, and welding speed. Analysis of the experimental data utilizes signal-to-noise ratio, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and regression techniques. The study compares a traditional regression model with a fuzzy logic approach for result validation, finding that the latter exhibits marginally better predictive accuracy. Optimal welding parameters are identified as 150 A current, 20 V voltage, and 45 mm/s welding speed, yielding a maximum dilution of 52.81% and hardness of 145.3 HV 0.5. Current emerges as the most significant factor influencing both dilution and hardness. Microstructural examination, hardness profiling, and tensile testing of specimens welded under optimized conditions reveal a characteristic hardness distribution across the weld

Omprakasam, S., Raghu, R., Balaji Ayyanar, C.

Aluminum Alloy, Extrusions, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-T81), Solution Heat Treated, Cold Worked, and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4491A (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, wire, profiles, and tubing produced with cross-sectional area of 32 square inches (206 cm2), maximum (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Rolled or Cold Finished Bars, Rods, and Wire, 5.6Zn - 2.5Mg - 1.6Cu - 0.23Cr (7075-T73, T7351), Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Stretching, and Overaged

AMS4124G (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of rolled or cold-finished bars, rods, and wire up to 6.000 inches (152.40 mm) in nominal diameter or least nominal dimension (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extruded Rod, Bar and Profiles, 8.0Zn - 2.3Cu - 2.0Mg - 0.16Zr (7055-T74511), Solution Heat Treated, Stress-Relieved, and Overaged

AMS4324C (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, and profiles (shapes) produced with a cross-sectional area of 24 square inches (155 cm2), maximum, and a circumscribing circle (see 2.4.1) diameter (circle size) of 10.5 inches (267 mm), maximum, with a nominal thickness up to 3.000 inch (76.20 mm), inclusive (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extrusion, 3.7Cu - 1.15Li - 0.5Zn - 0.45Ag - 0.4Mg - 0.3Mn - 0.1Zr (2055-T84), Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Stretching 2% to 5% and Aged

AMS4257A (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, and profiles.

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy Tubing, Hydraulic, Seamless, Drawn, Round, 1.0Mg - 0.60Si - 0.28Cu - 0.20Cr (6061-T6), Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4083N (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of seamless round tubing with wall thickness from 0.025 to 0.500 inch (0.64 to 12.70 mm), inclusive (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Conversion Coating for Aluminum Alloys, Low Electrical Resistance Coating

AMS2477E (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers the requirements for a low-electrical-resistance chemical conversion coating on aluminum and aluminum alloy parts.

AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee

Core, Flexible Honeycomb, Aluminum Alloy, For Sandwich Construction, 5056, 350 Fahrenheit (177 Celsius)

AMS4177F (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of honeycomb core in a non-hexagonal, flexible cell configuration, the core being treated for increased corrosion resistance and furnished only in the expanded form (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy Bars, Rods, and Wire Rolled or Cold Finished, and Rings, 5.6Zn - 2.5Mg - 1.6Cu - 0.23Cr (7075-T6, 7075-T651), Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4122N (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of rolled or cold-finished bars, rods, and wire and of flash-welded rings conforming to the dimensions listed in Table 2 (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Extrusions, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-T8511), Solution Heat Treated, Cold Worked, Stress-Relieved by Stretching, Precipitation Heat Treated, and Straightened

AMS4423A (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, wire, profiles, and tubing produced with cross-sectional area of 32 square inches (206 cm2) maximum (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Plate 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2124-T8151) Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved, and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4221F (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of plate 1.500 to 6.000 inches (38.10 to 152.40 mm) in nominal thickness (see 8.6).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate, Alclad, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024, -T3 Sheet/-T351 Plate with 1-1/2% Alclad), Solution Heat Treated, Cold Worked, and Naturally Aged

AMS4041U (Current)

01/22/2025

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of sheet and plate alclad two sides, over 0.187 to 1.000 inch (over 4.750 to 25.40 mm) in nominal thickness, supplied in the -T3/-T351 temper (see 8.5).

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

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