Browse Topic: Cutting

Items (1,521)
The goal of this work is to increase the accuracy and efficiency of hose cutting operations in small scale industries is by designing and building an automatic hose-cutting equipment. The device uses a computer-controlled system to autonomously cut pipes of various sizes and lengths. By means of a stepper motor-driven, rapidly spinning blade, the cutting process is accomplished. Additionally, the machine has sensors that measure the hose's length and modify the cutting position as necessary. Premium components and materials are used in the machine's construction; these are chosen for their performance and longevity. The device is able to boost cut precision and raise industry production all around from 100% to 190% efficient system thereby decreasing labor and time needed for hose cutting operations
Feroz Ali, L.Manikandan, R.Madhankumar, S.Sri Hari, P.Suriya Prakash, T.Vishnu Doss, G.
This study focuses on machining automobile parts such as drive shafts and axles made of low alloy steel AISI 4140. The influence of cutting inserts geometrical parameters, viz., relief angle (RIA), rake angle (RAA), and nose radius (NA) are studied by designing experiments using Taguchi’s methodology. Numerical simulation is conducted using DEFORM-2D; a suitable L9 orthogonal array (OA) is considered for this work for varying combinations of inputs, and the resultant cutting force, maximum principal stress, and tool life are determined. Adopting a signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio minimizes the outputs for better machining conditions and achieves high-quality components with precision, tolerance, and accuracy. The ideal conditions obtained from the S/N ratio are RAA of 6°, RIA of 3°, and NR of 0.6 mm. Analysis of variance presents that the NR influences the resultant cutting force, wear depth, and work piece damage 73.51%, RAA following by 23.99%, and RIA by 2.03% achieved with a R2 value of
Senthilkumar, N.
This study describes the Taguchi optimization process applied to optimize drilling parameters for glass fiber reinforced composite (GFRC) material. The machining process is analyzed in relation to process parameters using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The characteristics assessed for both the drilling and the specimen include speed, feed rate, drill size, and specimen thickness. The commercial software program MINITAB14 was used to collect and analyze the measured results. Cutting force and torque during drilling are examined in relation to these parameters using an orthogonal array and a signal-to-noise ratio. The primary goal is to identify the critical elements and combinations of elements that impact the machining process to achieve minimal cutting thrust and torque, based on the evaluation of the Taguchi technique
Raja, RosariJannet, SabithaKandavalli, Sumanth Ratna
Since the inception of battery driven electric vehicles in the automotive world, there has been a constant challenge in maximizing the range of an electric vehicles through various means including battery technology, vehicle weight optimization, low drag coefficients etc. The tires being a viscoelastic composite material have now become a vital to the range performance of an EV. The rolling resistance of a tire is now become a hotter topic than ever. The rolling resistance coefficient (RRC) is the measure of energy loss during rolling due to viscoelastic dissipation in the tire. The viscous dissipation in tire arises due to hysteresis in the various components of a tire including tread, sidewall, inner liner, apex etc rubber compounds. The internal friction between layers of body ply, steel belts and tread crown ply also contribute to the internal heat generation. Therefore, the development of ultra-low RRC tires is a serious challenge for tire engineers. Nevertheless, the recent
Mishra, NitishSingh, Ram Krishnan
This work aims to define a novel integration of 6 DOF robots with an extrusion-based 3D printing framework that strengthens the possibility of implementing control and simulation of the system in multiple degrees of freedom. Polylactic acid (PLA) is used as an extrusion material for testing, which is a thermoplastic that is biodegradable and is derived from natural lactic acid found in corn, maize, and the like. To execute the proposed framework a virtual working station for the robot was created in RoboDK. RoboDK interprets G-code from the slicing (Slic3r) software. Further analysis and experiments were performed by FANUC 2000ia 165F Industrial Robot. Different tests were performed to check the dimensional accuracy of the parts (rectangle and cylindrical). When the robot operated at 20% of its maximum speed, a bulginess was observed in the cylindrical part, causing the radius to increase from 1 cm to 1.27 cm and resulting in a thickness variation of 0.27 cm at the bulginess location
Srivastava, KritiKumar, Yogesh
Super Duplex Stainless Steels (SDSS) are attracting attentions of the manufacturing industries due to the excellent corrosion resistance to critical corrosion. But SDSS2507 is the hardest to machine with lowest machinability index among DSS family. Moreover, formation of built-up layer (BUL) and work hardening tendency makes it further difficult to machine. Researchers have the conflict in opinions on using wet machining or dry machining using tool coatings. In this investigation SDSS2507 machining is carried out using uncoated and PVD–TiAlSiN-coated tools. The wet and dry machining environment are compared for increase in cutting speed from 170 m/min to 230 m/min. Excellent properties of PVD–TiAlSiN coatings exhibited microhardness of 39 GPa and adhesion strength of 88 N, which outperformed the uncoated tools. Tool life exhibited by coated tools was four times higher than uncoated tools. Wet machining was found to be ineffective when PVD-coated tools are used, exhibiting the same
Sonawane, Gaurav DinkarBachhav, Radhey
The primary objective of this article is to study the improvement of machining efficiency of EN-31 steel by optimizing turning parameters using newly developed cutting fluids with different proportions of aloe vera gel and coconut oil, utilizing the Taguchi technique. Furthermore, performance metrics including material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness, and tool wear rate (TWR) were assessed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) suggested that as cutting speed and feed increase, the MRR is positively influenced, but likewise tool wear is intensified. The surface roughness exhibited a positive correlation with cutting speed, and a negative correlation with increasing both cutting speed and feed. It was found that the maximum MRR value was attained at a cutting speed of 275 m/min, a feed rate of 1.00 mm/rev, and a cutting fluid composition of 30% aloe vera and 70% coconut oil. For the best surface smoothness, it is advisable to adjust the cutting speed to 350 m/min and the feed rate to 0.075
Premkumar, R.Ramesh Babu, R.Saiyathibrahim, A.Murali Krishnan, R.Vivek, R.Jatti, Vijaykumar S.Rane, Vivek S.Balaji, K.
High productivity, low manufacturing costs, and high workpiece quality: these are the key factors that deliver sustainability, profitability, and competitive edge for industrial manufacturers. Reliable machine monitoring yields valuable real-time insights into ongoing processes; it is the basis for dependable, productive, and reproducible manufacturing and it helps machine operators to reach well-founded decisions on both short- and long-term improvements. This technology can even capture anomalies in highly dynamic machining processes, so users can respond instantly to ensure high productivity, decrease scrap rates, and prolong tool lifetimes. Thanks to all these advantages, continuous machine and process monitoring based on suitable sensor technology is a critical success factor in today’s manufacturing industry
This research explores the experimental analysis of titanium alloy using an innovative approach involving a 2–7% carbon nanotube (CNT)-infused cubic boron nitride (CBN) grinding wheel. Employing a full-factorial design, the study systematically investigates the interactions among varied wheel speed, workpiece feed rate, and depth of cut, revealing compelling insights. The integration of CNTs in the CBN grinding wheel enhances the machining performance of titanium alloy, known for its high strength and challenging machinability. The experiment varies CNT infusion levels to assess their impact on material removal rate (MRR) and surface finish. Significantly, MRR is influenced by CNT content, with 5% and above demonstrating optimal performance. The 7% CNT-CBN wheel exhibits a remarkable 61% improvement in MRR over the conventional CBN wheel. Interaction studies highlight the pivotal role of depth of cut, indicating that slower speeds and feeds, combined with increased depth of cut
Stephen, Deborah SerenadeSethuramalingam, Prabhu
Tank Technologies, a company producing porcelain-lined water heaters, faced significant challenges with their manual cutting processes. Challenges in the cutting process are detrimental in an industrial landscape where speed requirements and cost pressures are high. The introduction of Hirebotics’ Cobot Cutter significantly improved their operations, drastically reducing rework, improving cycle times, and elevating overall efficiency
The photochemical etching (PCE) process is distinguished by its capacity to fabricate metal parts with unparalleled accuracy. This process sidesteps the typical stresses and deformations linked to conventional metal-working, like stamping or laser cutting, which can compromise material integrity. Such fidelity is crucial in the manufacture of components for thermal management systems, where material integrity and component precision are non-negotiable for ensuring effective heat creation or dissipation. PCE’s ability to craft parts with smooth, burr-free edges and exact dimensions means heat management components work more effectively, bolstering the reliability and extending the service life of micro electronic devices
Selective Laser Melting (SLM) has gained widespread usage in aviation, aerospace, and die manufacturing due to its exceptional capacity for producing intricate metal components of highly complex geometries. Nevertheless, the instability inherent in the SLM process frequently results in irregularities in the quality of the fabricated components. As a result, this hinders the continuous progress and broader acceptance of SLM technology. Addressing these challenges, in-process quality control strategies during SLM operations have emerged as effective remedies for mitigating the quality inconsistencies found in the final components. This study focuses on utilizing optical emission spectroscopy and IR thermography to continuously monitor and analyze the SLM process within the powder bed, intending to strengthen process control and minimize defects. Optical emission spectroscopy is employed to study the real-time interactions between the laser and powder bed, melt pool dynamics, material
Raju, BenjaminKancherla, Kishore BabuB S, DakshayiniRoy Mahapatra, Debiprosad
Composite materials play an important role in aerospace manufacturing. The light weight, durability and ability to create complex shapes from molds make these materials ideal for frames and structural components that enable lighter, more fuel-efficient aircraft. While composite structures can weigh up to 20 percent less than their metal counterparts, these materials can often be more difficult to machine. The extremely abrasive nature of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) will wear down standard cutting tools more quickly than almost any other material. A standard carbide cutting tool may only hold up to cutting a few feet of CFRPs before its dimensional stability fails, while in traditional metal machining that same tool might last 20 to 50 times that before wearing out
This research looks into how abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) can be used on carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials, specifically how the kerf characteristics change with respect to change in process parameters. We carefully looked into four important process parameters: stand-off distance (SOD), water pressure (WP), traverse rate (TR), and abrasive mass flow rate (AMFR). The results showed that as SOD goes up, the kerf taper angle goes up because of jet dispersion, but as WP goes up, the angle goes down because jet kinetic energy goes up. The TR was directly related to the kerf taper angle, but it made the process less stable. The kerf drop angle was not greatly changed by AMFR. When it came to kerf top width, SOD made it wider, WP made it narrower, TR made it narrower, and AMFR made it a little wider. When the settings (SOD: 1 mm, WP: 210 MPa, TR: 150 mm/min, AMFR: 200 g/min) were optimized, the kerf taper angle and kerf top width were lowered. This improved the accuracy
Chandgude, AbhimanyuBarve, Shivprakash B.
The machining process is employed to transform a workpiece into a predefined geometry with the assistance of a cutting tool. Throughout this process, the cutting tool undergoes various adverse effects, including deformation, stress, thermal gradient, and more, all of which impact tool sharpness, surface finish, and tool life. These outcomes are also influenced by cutting parameters, specifically cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The present investigation aims to demonstrate the application of ANSYS analysis software in predicting stress, deformation, thermal gradient, and other factors on the tool insert tip for various machining parameters. To achieve this, an experimental setup was arranged to collect cutting force and temperature data using a dynamometer and thermocouples during the machining process of maraging steel with a tungsten carbide tool insert. Experiments were conducted with different combinations of machining parameters using design of experiments (DoE). The
Balasubramanian, K.Jeyakumar, R.Rajendran, C.Kandavalli, Sumanth Ratna
In recent years, the use of cutting fluids has become crucial in hard metal machining. Traditional non-biodegradable cutting fluids have long dominated various industries for machining. This research presents an innovative approach by suggesting a sustainable alternative: a cutting fluid made from a blend of glycerol (GOL) and distilled water (DW). We conducted a thorough investigation, creating 11 different GOL and DW mixtures in 10% weight increments. These mixtures were rigorously tested through 176 experiments with varying loads and rotational speeds. Using Design-Expert software (DES), we identified the optimal composition to be 70% GOL and 30% DW, with the lowest coefficient of friction (CFN). Building on this promising fluid, we explored further improvements by adding three nanoscale additives: Nano-graphite (GHT), zinc oxide (ZnO), and reduced graphene oxide (RGRO) at different weight percentages (0.06%, 0.08%, 0.1%, and 0.3%). Comparative tests using a four-ball wear tester
Ganesh, S.Sethuramalingam, Prabhu
Aluminium alloys enrolled their applications in automobile sectors, agricultural equipment, machine tools and aerospace because of their weight-to-strength ratio. Aluminium alloy 7075-T651 is an inevitable material used in engineering sectors. Turning is a metal removal process, to obtain net geometrical aspects and better surface finish of the products. The machinability of the turning operation is based on different factors; however, turning factors and material of tool plays a significant position in the turning process. To identify the truthful cutting parameters to achieve multi-responses in turning operation, the experiment was designed via Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Central Composite Design (CCD) and the experimental results are analyzed under the desirability approach. By trialing 26 interpretations in the desirability approach; the optimal cutting parameter settings of speed 800 rpm, feed rate 0.140315 mm/rev and depth of cut 0.3501 mm have been revealed to enhance
Sundarrajan, D.Senthil Kumaar, J. S.Muthiah, A.Manikandan, A.Sivakumar, N. S.
The limitations of commonly used materials such as steel in withstanding high temperatures led to exploring alternative alloys. For instance, Inconel 825 is a nickel-based alloy known for its exceptional corrosion resistance. Thus, the Inconel 825 is used in various applications, including aerospace, marine propulsion, and missiles. Though it has many advantages, machining this alloy at high temperatures could be challenging due to its inadequate heat conductivity, increased strain hardening propensity, and extreme dynamic shear strength. The resultant hardened chips generated during high-speed machining exhibit elevated temperatures, leading to tool wear and surface damage, extending into the subsurface. This work investigated the influence of varying process settings on the machinability of Inconel 825 metal, using both uncoated and coated tools. Optimal surface roughness (Ra) machining conditions were found by considering factors such as depth of cut, cutting speed, feed rate, and
Balakrishnan, S.Natrayan, M.Senthilkumar, K.Rajkumar, V.
The quality of the finished product depends on the contribution of many factors along with the complex process involved to move forward towards the new product development. Many operations like turning, drilling, milling in metal machining deserves the quality as a predominant measurement. The tool and work piece plays a vital role in machining process which depends on machining parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut, approach angle. In the present work the turning operation was carried out on Nickel alloy (Nimonic 80) as a work piece and the carbide insert was used as a tool for performing the machining operations. The cutting parameters were optimized using Taguchi based grey relational analysis. Provided that, the ANOVA analysis to find the predominant factors that affects the quality were also determined. The experimental results were compared with the predicted results and found to be a promising agreement between the factors and responses
Jashwanth, S.Rajaparthiban, J.Ganesamoorthy, R.Balaji, N.Padmavathi, K.R.
Sustainable manufacturing, a term that has been used in the recent past on numerous occasions. A primary reason for it being in limelight, is that it does not cause any damage to the environment and also to the personal involved. Additionally, another important parameter of concern is the energy consumed during the machining process. One major reason for higher energy consumption is because of the presence of tool vibration. There have been several attempts made to reduce vibration and though they have been proved to be effective, they could be not classified under sustainable manufacturing. When used as a semi-active damper in metal cutting, magnetorheological fluid (MRF) has proven to be successful in vibration suppression. MRF is an intelligent non-Newtonian fluid that can change its viscosity instantly when a magnetic field is applied to it. They've utilised it as a damper in a number of areas because of this quality and its toughness. One significant drawback is the settling of
Ajay Vasanth, X.Sam Paul, P.Lawrance, G.Rajkumar, V.Senthilkumar, K.
Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an alternative to hardened steel for machined parts with high hardness, ductility, strength and fatigue strength. The optimal cutting parameters to perform turning operation on ADI with PCBN insert are predicted through the response surface methodology (RSM) approach. Design Expert Software was used to design fifteen experiment trials by changing cutting parameters including speed (N) rpm, feed (f) mm/min, and depth of cut (d) mm. The outcomes of the experiments were then examined. The mathematical model determined in the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) satisfied output responses concerning the input parameters. The optimal turning parameters, N: 1039.11 rpm, f: .5 mm/min and d: 0.0974 mm is revealed the both responses. The confirmation experiment results revealed that the predicted value of responses is better in agreement with experimented responses. The optimal turning parameters recommended to industries application to machine the ADI with significant
Velusamy, K.Senthilkumar, K.M.Selvan, T.A.Viswanathan, A.
Aluminum alloys are employed in agricultural equipment, aerospace sectors, medical instruments, machinery, automobiles, etc. due to their physical and mechanical characteristics. The geometrical shape and size of the parts are modified in turning operation by using a single-point cutting tool. A356 aluminum alloy is widely used in various engineering sectors, hence there is a necessity to produce A-356 components with quality. The inappropriate cutting parameters used in turning operation entail high production costs and reduce tool life. Box–Behnken design (BBD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiments such that the experiment trials were conducted by varying cutting parameters like N-spindle speed (rpm), f-feed rate (mm/rev), and d-depth of cut (mm). The multi-objective responses, such as surface roughness (SR) and metal removal rate (MRR) were analyzed with the desirability method. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) represents the significant
Arunbharathi, R.Arish, R.Girith Chandru, S.Bhavandharshan, K.Gowthamprasath, A. D.Hari, K.
Cellular solids are materials composed of many cells that have been packed together, such as a honeycomb. The shape of those cells largely determines the material’s mechanical properties, including its stiffness or strength. Bones, for instance, are filled with a natural material that enables them to be lightweight, but stiff and strong
This study underscores the benefits of refining the intralogistics process for small- to medium-sized manufacturing businesses (SMEs) in the engineer-to-order (ETO) sector, which relies heavily on manual tasks. Based on industrial visits and primary data from six SMEs, a new intralogistics concept and process was formulated. This approach enhances the value-added time of manufacturing workers while also facilitating complete digital integration as well as improving transparency and traceability. A practical application of this method in a company lead to cutting its lead time by roughly 11.3%. Additionally, improved oversight pinpointed excess inventory, resulting in advantages such as reduced capital needs and storage requirements. Anticipated future enhancements include better efficiency from more experienced warehouse staff and streamlined picking methods. Further, digital advancements hold promise for cost reductions in administrative and supportive roles
Bründl, PatrickStoidner, MichaNguyen, Huong GiangAbrass, AhmadFranke, Jörg
In this study, the benchmarked-based statistical Light Weight Index (LWI) technique is developed for predicting the world in class optimum weight. For these four statistical Lightweight Index numbers are derived based on the geometrical dimensions. This strategy is used for the target setting. To achieve the target, the Value Analysis approach for Cargo assembly is to redesign and make Refresh Cargo assembly. The organization also benefited directly by reducing the inventory cost and transportation costs because of the deletion of parts and minimizing the assemblies. Vehicle power-to-weight ratio and fuel economy also improved based on cutting weight. The complete case study with details has been mentioned in the work. The weight benefit led to an increase in the profit margin and caters to the difficulty because of the daily increase in the price of raw materials
Mohan, AravindBalasubramani, SritharkumarPandurangan, RamanCornelio, RonaldSenrayaperumal, Sakthivelved, KapilPatel, Mayank
Vehicle performances in Crash related events like Small offset rigid barrier tests are crucially dependent on Tire-Wheel modelling. The objective of this study is to develop a detailed tire-wheel model subjected to loading, performance and failure criteria. The modelling technique should be robust, replicable and stable across a wide spectrum of simulations cutting down on unnecessary delays. This project evaluates the options offered in LS-dyna (damping, loads, sensors, materials etc.) and current states of models being widely used. There is a focus on offering additional tools in the model for analyst to control the failure and model behavior. This tire-wheel model is subjected to scrutiny at multiple levels namely standalone, sub-system and full vehicle. The results achieved on this new modelling technique shows confidence in this. This model checks all the right boxes in terms of robustness, efficiency and development. The correlation is better on subsystem level tests. Tire-wheel
Sirohi, Yograj
Sintered parts mechanical properties are very sensitive to final density, which inevitable cause an enormous density gradient in the green part coming from the compaction process strategy. The current experimental method to assess green density occurs mainly in set up by cutting the green parts in pieces and measuring its average density in a balance using Archimedes principle. Simulation is the more accurate method to verify gradient density and the main benefit would be the correlation with the critical region in terms of stresses obtained by FEA and try to pursue the optimization process. This paper shows a case study of a part that had your fatigue limit improved 1000% using compaction process simulation for better optimization
Nunes, EduardoColosio, MarcoRodrigues, André LuizDuarte, Alisson
The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of cutting temperature on the post-machining performance of “carbon fiber-reinforced polymer” (CFRP), providing insights into how temperature variations during machining influence the material’s mechanical properties and structural integrity. First, cutting temperatures generated during machining were monitored and used to categorize specimens. These specimens were then subjected to control heating at various temperatures, simulating the range of cutting conditions. Subsequently, the heated specimens were left to cool naturally in ambient air. A comprehensive tensile experiment was conducted on these specimens to assess the impact on mechanical behavior. The tensile properties, including elastic modulus and maximum tensile stress, were analyzed and compared across the different temperature. This approach allowed for a systematic evaluation of cutting temperature’s influence on CFRP’s post-machining performance, shedding light on the
Imdadul, Haque MdAbdul, Kader MohammadHelal, Miah MdAkter, Anika Insana
Aluminum is preferred as a material for matrix composites due to its high technical characteristics and low density. Due to its stiffness, specific strength, and wear resistance, MMCs are being widely used in various automotive applications. Due to its high strength and toughness, Al 7075 is a widely used heat treatable aluminum alloy. It is also used in the car and aerospace industries. B4C is a highly attractive reinforcing material due to its thermal and chemical stability. Compared to other reinforcements such as SiC and Al2O3, B4C has a higher hardness and lower density. The proposed technique is based on the L27 orthogonal array design of Taguchi. The laser cutting process was designed to optimize the input parameters of the given process, such as the cutting speed, pulse width, and frequency. The two response parameters, the surface roughness and the MRR, were then analyzed using the ANFIS technique. It was also used to find the optimal set of parameters while dealing with the
Leela Prasanna Lakshmi, S.Prahlada Rao, K
One of the most common types of lightweight materials used in aerospace is magnesium alloy. It has a high strength-to-weight ratio and is ideal for various applications. Due to its corrosion resistance, it is commonly used to manufacture of fuselages. Unfortunately, the conventional methods of metal cutting fail to improve the performance of magnesium alloy. One amongst the most common methods used for making intricate shapes in harder materials is through Wire-Electro-Discharge (WEDM). In this study, we have used magnesium alloy as the work material. The independent factors were selected as pulse duration and peak current. The output parameters of the process are the Surface Roughness (SR) and the Material Removal Rate (MRR). Through a single aspect optimization technique, Taguchi was able to identify the optimal combination that would improve the effectiveness of the WEDM process. The findings of the experimentation revealed that the technique could significantly enhance the wire-cut
Natarajan, ManikandanPasupuleti, ThejasreeKumar, VKrishnamachary, PCKiruthika, JothiKotapati, Gowthami
SS304 is a type of stainless steel that is well-known for its high ductility and resistance to corrosion; as a result, it is typically utilized in a variety of applications, such as the exhaust systems of automobiles and the springs that are used in seatbelts. Because of its qualities, it will eventually be employed in a variety of body parts, including fuel tanks and chassis, among other things. Due to its properties, SS304 is known to be incredibly difficult to machine using conventional methods. Through a wire electrical discharge machining process, it is easier to cut complex materials with high surface finishes. In this study, a study was conducted on the WEDM process parameters of SS304 to optimize its machining process. The study was carried out using the DoE approach, which involved planning the various experiments. The parameters of the process, such as the pulse on time, peak current, and off time, were analyzed to determine their performance. The various performance measures
Natarajan, ManikandanPasupuleti, ThejasreeKatta, Lakshmi NarasimhamuSomsole, Lakshmi NarayanaD, PalanisamyKiruthika, Jothi
Milling is a prevalent machining technique employed in various industries for the production of metallic and non-metallic components. This article focuses on the optimization of cutting parameters for polyamide (PA6) using carbide tools, utilizing a recently developed multi-objective, nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm known as the Multi-Objective Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (MOGOA). This optimization process’s primary objectives are minimizing surface roughness and maximizing the material removal rate. By employing the MOGOA algorithm, the study demonstrates its efficacy in successfully optimizing the cutting parameters. This research’s findings highlight the MOGOA algorithm’s capability to effectively fine-tune cutting parameters during PA6 machining, leading to improved outcomes in terms of surface roughness reduction and enhanced material removal rate
Laouissi, AissaAbderazek, HammoudiNouioua, MouradSadiq, M. Sait
For almost as long as it’s been a concept, NASA has been on the cutting edge of virtual reality (VR) technology. However, the space has seen a renaissance since the bulky headsets of the 1990s. Several high-profile companies now use VR for immersive video games and virtual chat rooms, but, to some, this technology has a use beyond entertainment
The trend towards electric vehicles has a significant influence on the type and complexity of the metalworking processes that are used for car manufacturing. Many cutting processes will be replaced by forming and separating processes. The energy consumption in these manufacturing processes is comparatively high, particularly if high strength steel grades are machined to reduce weight and to increase the energy efficiency of the electric vehicles. This paper shows how sulfur based EP-additives reduce energy demand as well as tool wear of manufacturing processes whilst at the same time improve the occupational safety and decrease the ecological impact of metalworking fluids
Rehbein, Wilhelm
Commercial electric vehicle air conditioning system keeps occupants comfortable, but at the expense of the energy used from the battery of vehicle. Passengers around the world are increasingly requesting buses with HVAC/AC capabilities. There is a need to optimise current air conditioning systems taking into account packaging, cost, and performance limits due to the rising demand for cooling and heating globally. Major elements contributing to heat ingress are traction motor, front firewall, windshield & side glasses and bus body parts. These elements contribute to the bus’s poor cooling and lack of passenger comfort. This topic refers to the reduction of the heat ingress through usage of different glass technology like IR Cut & solar green glass with different types of coating. The finding from the theoretical analysis, it indicates that overall heat load reduction of the electric buses was reduced by ~6-7% improvement with different specifications of glasses as compared to the
Ratnaparkhi, Pankaj PrabhakarFartade, SunilNagarhalli, Prasanna VTodkar, NikhilNagare Sr, Rahul
Secure boot has successfully protected systems from executing untrusted software (SW), but low-power controllers lack sufficient time to check every memory cell while satisfying real-time functional safety requirements. Automotive controllers need to maintain security through multiple cycles of remote, unsupervised operation and safely reach a secure state when an anomaly is detected. To accelerate the boot time, we propose Sliced Secure Boot: build fingerprints by slicing orthogonally through memory blocks, protect each cell with a reusable fingerprint using a reproducible pattern with sufficient entropy, and randomly check one fingerprint pattern during boot. We do not claim that sampling offers equivalent protection to exhaustive checks but demonstrate that careful sampling can provide a sufficient level of detection while maintaining compatibility with both startup time and functional safety requirements
Kaster, RobertMa, Di
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant steel in the form of welding wire
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant steel in the form of welding wire
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant cobalt alloy in the form of welding wire
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of welding wire
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
The tooth surface error will affect the contact pattern and transmission error of the hypoid gear, which may result in an unfavorable dynamic response. The tooth surface error can be generated by machine tool errors, such as blade wear. The most common forms of blade wear are the positive cutter radius and the positive blade angle error. In addition, in the cutting process of face-hobbed hypoid gear, the continuous indexing motion will aggravate the blade wear due to the alternating cutting force. Most previous studies on the influence of hypoid gear tool errors only focus on the contact pattern and static transmission error. However, there are very few studies about the effect of tool errors on hypoid gear dynamic responses. In this paper, a hypoid gear tooth surface, mesh, and linear dynamic model with tool errors were established. The tooth surface deviation distribution of different tool errors was analyzed. The effective mesh parameters such as time-varying mesh points, line-of
Wei, XinqiWang, YawenZhang, WeiqingLim, Teik
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