Thermomechanical Impact of Machining-Induced Heating on Tensile Performance of Aerospace Composite Material

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of cutting temperature on the post-machining performance of “carbon fiber-reinforced polymer” (CFRP), providing insights into how temperature variations during machining influence the material’s mechanical properties and structural integrity. First, cutting temperatures generated during machining were monitored and used to categorize specimens. These specimens were then subjected to control heating at various temperatures, simulating the range of cutting conditions. Subsequently, the heated specimens were left to cool naturally in ambient air. A comprehensive tensile experiment was conducted on these specimens to assess the impact on mechanical behavior. The tensile properties, including elastic modulus and maximum tensile stress, were analyzed and compared across the different temperature. This approach allowed for a systematic evaluation of cutting temperature’s influence on CFRP’s post-machining performance, shedding light on the material’s response to varying thermal conditions and its potential implications for structural integrity. The results showed that temperature had a significant influence on both the elastic modulus and maximum tensile stress of the CFRP. The elastic modulus and ultimate tensile stress decreased with increasing temperature. The elastic modulus and maximum tensile stress were the lowest when the temperature was close to the glass transition temperature (Tg). Therefore, the tensile properties of CFRP can be seriously damaged if the material temperature is close to Tg and maintained there for a long time. The cutting temperature should be kept away from Tg during machining. The research outcomes promise to improve the machining practices and overall performance of aerospace composite materials such as CFRP, contributing to more efficient, cost-effective aerospace systems.