Browse Topic: Additive manufacturing

Items (1,072)
This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of sintered parts by binder jet additive manufacturing (BJAM). It is primarily intended to be used to manufacture metallic or ceramic aerospace parts, but usage is not limited to such applications.
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This specification covers particle size classifications and corresponding particle size distribution requirements for metal powder feedstock conforming to a classification.
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This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of aerospace parts by EB-DED-Wire. It is intended to be used for metal aerospace parts produced by additive manufacturing (AM), but usage is not limited to such applications.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
Aluminum-lithium alloys are extensively used across various industries due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, excellent fatigue/corrosion resistance and good thermal stability. These attributes, combined with improved weldability and ease of fabrication, make them ideal for lightweight engineering applications in sectors such as aerospace, automotive, and defense. Additive manufacturing (AM) offers unique opportunities to fully leverage the potential of aluminum-lithium alloys by enabling the fabrication of complex geometries, minimizing material waste, and supporting on-demand production. This paper explores the significance of lightweight materials, traces the evolution of aluminum-lithium alloys and provides a comprehensive overview of their AM. It discusses the properties and real-world applications of these alloys and examines various AM techniques employed in their processing. Key advancements in the AM of aluminum-lithium alloys are reviewed, including novel alloy
Santhana Babu, A.V.Antony Benson, B.Danusha, M.
Automotive industry frequently uses 3D printed plastic proto parts during new product development phases as it bypasses the high tooling investment & development time at early part development stage. However, for some application, 3D printing technique & its limited material options are not fulfilling the required material properties in the part, resulting poor performance during product testing which may mislead the design engineer during validation process. To overcome this, we introduce a novel approach in constructing injection molding tool by 3D printing the core and cavity using Stereolithography (SLA). This enables production of parts with application-recommended material grades, facilitating traditional validation and increasing stakeholder confidence. This paper compares part quality from 3D printed molds against conventional metallic molds for a shifter gear housing cover, demonstrating a 45% reduction in tooling costs and a 75% decrease in tooling development time. Mold life
Gandhi, Sorna RajendranGunduboina, Chaitanya
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has transformed manufacturing by enabling the creation of complex geometries with ease. Yet, optimizing the mechanical performance of printed parts remains a challenge, especially when balancing strength, material usage, and print time. Traditional mechanical testing in additive manufacturing often relies on specimens with 100% infill, overlooking the design potential of variable infill densities. This study introduces a novel approach by explicitly modeling internal infill structures in CAD (Creo Parametric) across a range of densities (10% to 100%) and validating their mechanical behavior through both finite element analysis (FEA) in ANSYS and standardized physical testing (ASTM D638 for tensile, ASTM D695 for compressive, and ASTM D790 for flexural properties). Unlike prior studies that rely on slicer-generated infill patterns, this method enables precise control and repeatability in simulation and testing. The results demonstrate how
Salgar, ManojkumarPatil, Anup
The present study examines the influence of process parameters on the effect of strength and crystalline properties of AlSi10Mg alloy with laser sintered process. A detailed work was carried out with the effects of varying the laser power, scan speed, and hatch distance on crystalline structure, hardness, and surface roughness. From the analysis, the improved surface quality and mechanical performance were achieved with a scan speed of 1200 mm/s, a laser power of 370 W, and a hatch distance of 0.1 mm. An increase in hardness, improved surface finish, and reduced porosity was observed with decreased hatch distance. However, the balanced results were obtained for scanning speed of 1200 mm/s and laser power of 370 W. The ideal processing conditions decreased the crystalline size, increasing the overall material strength, when crystalline analysis was carried out. The higher scanning speeds supported improved grain refinement and heat diffusion, with the poor hardness value. With the lower
Shailesh Rao, A.
Celebrating its 35th year, the National Aerospace Defense Contractors Accreditation Program (Nadcap) continues to advance quality assurance and regulatory compliance for aviation, defense, and space OEMs and suppliers. This article summarizes how Nadcap accreditation works, its benefits for manufacturers, and its role in expanding additive manufacturing through industry-wide consensus. The Nadcap program was first established in 1990 by a small group of aerospace and defense OEMs. Their goal was to create an accreditation initiative that provides a common approach to auditing the manufacturing and production processes used by companies supplying parts, components, structures, and services to major aerospace and defense OEMs. This foundation set the stage for Nadcap's continued focus on quality assurance and regulatory compliance in the industry.
The usage of additively manufactured (AM) notched components for fatigue-critical applications presents non-trivial challenges, such as the ubiquitous presence of volumetric defects in AM parts. Volumetric defects accelerate fatigue crack nucleation, impact short crack growth, and are near-impossible to fully eliminate. This study investigated the synergistic effects of volumetric defects and notch geometry on the fatigue behavior of L-PBF AlSi10Mg and 17-4 PH SS notched specimens. The criticality of the defects on fatigue behavior is investigated using a non-destructive evaluation technique. A classical linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) approach was modified and used to quantify the effects of several factors including notch geometry, defects’ size, and location, on the fatigue crack initiation behavior. The modified LEFM approach utilized X-ray computed tomography data and linear elastic finite element analysis of local stresses in different notch geometries; to calculate and
Poudel, ArunPegues, JonathanLowney, MatthewShao, ShuaiShamsaei, Nima
Additive Manufacturing is currently being utilized to improve military readiness by transforming maintenance operations and the supply chain associated with repairing or replacing parts or components on legacy vehicles. The National Institute for Aviation Research at Wichita State University is collaborating with the Army Ground Vehicle Systems Center in the creation of a rapid qualification framework for various additive manufacturing materials and processes to support the modernization and sustainment of ground vehicles. Currently, a rapid qualification 17-4PH stainless steel material is being executed utilizing Laser Powder Bed Fusion and Direct Energy Deposition additive manufacturing processes. Prior to entering the rapid qualification, pre-qualification screening studies are performed to select the feedstock and develop process control to limit risk within the qualification. An overview of the pre-qualification screening studies performed in selecting the feedstock and heat
Tomblin, JohnAndrulonis, RachaelSaathoff, BrandonThomas, AnnikaDaharsh, ColeLowney, MatthewWalker, Eric
Advancements in additive manufacturing (AM) technology have enabled the use of Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) lattice structures to integrate thermal and structural functions into a single component. These structures offer advantages such as weight reduction, compactness and enhanced heat dissipation, making them promising for automotive, aerospace and electronics applications. TPMS structures, characterized by zero mean curvature and periodic crystalline geometry, have recently gained significant research attention thanks to their potential in thermal management. Among various TPMS geometries, the gyroid and diamond structures stand out for their thermal and fluid dynamic performance. This study explores the influence of cell geometry, unit cell size, and wall thickness on the efficiency of TPMS-based heat exchangers, as these parameters are crucial for their technical feasibility. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, a comparative analysis is conducted for a
Cordisco, IlarioTorri, FedericoBerni, FabioTesta, VeronicaGiacalone, MauroFontanesi, Stefano
After 3D printing a habitat designed for Mars and working with NASA on print material made from synthetic Moon dust, AI SpaceFactory Inc. has commercialized two separate 3D printers. The Secaucus, NJ-based company’s latest offering, Starforge, is a large-capacity 3D printer that uses innovative print material inspired by SpaceFactory’s work with NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida under an Announcement of Collaboration Opportunity agreement.
Additive manufacturing (AM) is no longer just an alternative to traditional manufacturing methods; it's a transformative shift in how parts are designed, built, and qualified. With AM, engineers can create complex internal geometries, lattice structures, and multi-functional components that simply were not possible with traditional manufacturing methods. The design freedom unlocked by AM is advantageous in the next generation of naval innovation, particularly as shipbuilding programs push to meet ambitious construction goals and improve warship readiness. For suppliers, embracing AM isn't just about swapping out tools; it's about rethinking the entire design process. Working to understand and prepare for AM-driven design and qualification changes is necessary to remain competitive in future U.S. Navy shipbuilding programs. This article will explain how new standards are driving qualification, supporting U.S. Navy construction goals and fleet readiness.
MIT researchers have used 3D printing to produce self-heating microfluidic devices, demonstrating a technique which could someday be used to rapidly create cheap, yet accurate, tools to detect a host of diseases.
This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of aerospace parts by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EB-PBF). It is intended to be used for aerospace parts manufactured using additive manufacturing (AM) metal alloys, but usage is not limited to such applications.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of preforms by Wire Fed Plasma Arc Directed Energy Deposition (PA-DED). It is intended to be used for aerospace parts manufactured using Additive Manufacturing (AM) metal alloys, but usage is not limited to such applications.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
Bosch bolstered its 3D printing capabilities when it added a new metal 3D printer at its Nuremberg, Germany, plant earlier this year. The NXG XII 600 metal 3D printer from Nikon SLM Solutions met the supplier's need - the need for speed - as well as the non-Top Gun-related precision, flexibility and energy efficiency when manufacturing complex metal parts for its in-house and third-party customers. The Nuremberg plant invested nearly six million euros in the center, including the purchase and installation of the new metal 3D printer. Bosch claims to be the first Tier 1 automotive supplier in Europe to have a facility in this performance class.
Gehm, Ryan
Imagine a robot that can walk, without electronics, and only with the addition of a cartridge of compressed gas, right off the 3D printer. It can also be printed in one go, from one material.
By combining topology optimization and additive manufacturing, a team of University of Wisconsin-Madison engineers created a twisty high-temperature heat exchanger that outperformed a traditional straight channel design in heat transfer, power density and effectiveness.
A long-lasting, 3D-printed, adhesive-free wearable provides a more comprehensive picture of a user’s physiological state. The device, which measures water vapor and skin emissions of gases, continuously tracks and logs physiological data associated with dehydration, metabolic shifts, and stress levels.
This research examined maraging steel (C300), which is widely used in the automotive industry. The study investigated how various 3D printing parameters—laser power (P), scanning speed (V), and layer spacing (H)—as well as post-processing heat treatment factors such as time (t) and temperature (T) affect the properties of C300 steel produced via selective laser melting (SLM). The primary properties assessed included relative density, porosity, hardness, and microstructure. The first part of the analysis focused on how processing parameters, time, and temperature influenced porosity types and manufacturing defects. Subsequently, ANOVA was employed to explore the sensitivity of relative density and microhardness to these parameters. The results revealed an optimal combination of parameters that improved both microstructural and mechanical properties. Additionally, the post-processing heat treatment was found to impact microhardness by modifying the microstructure and martensite lath size
Jaballah, OlaOmidi, NargesIltaf, AsimBarka, NoureddineEl Ouafi, Abderrazak
This study presents a novel biomimetic flow-field concept that integrates a triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) porous architectures with a hierarchical leaf-vein-inspired distribution zone, fabricated through 3D printing. By mimicking natural transport systems, the proposed design enhances oxygen delivery and water removal in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The results showed that I-FF and G-FF significantly improved mass transport and water management compared to conventional CPFF. The integrated design I-FF-LDZ achieves up to 32% improvement in power density at 1.85 A/cm2@0.4 V and delays the onset of mass transport losses. The study also reveals that optimizing the volume fraction Vf significantly affects gas penetration, with lower Vf (30%) improving performance in the mass-limited region. These findings underscore the promise of nature-inspired, 3D-printed flow-field architectures in overcoming key transport limitations and advancing the scalability of next
Ho-Van, PhucLim, Ocktaeck
A team of UCLA engineers and their colleagues have developed a new design strategy and 3D printing technique to build robots in one single step. The breakthrough enabled the entire mechanical and electronic systems needed to operate a robot to be manufactured all at once by a new type of 3D printing process for engineered active materials with multiple functions (also known as metamaterials). Once 3D printed, a “meta-bot” will be capable of propulsion, movement, sensing, and decision-making.
The ported shroud casing treatment for turbocharger compressors is desirable for mitigating broadband/whoosh noise and enhancing boost pressures at low to mid flow rates. Yet, it is accompanied by elevated narrowband noise at the blade-pass frequency (BPF). Compressor BPF noise occurs at high frequencies where wave propagation is often multi-dimensional, rendering traditional planar wave silencers invalid. An earlier work introduced a novel reflective high-frequency silencer (baseline) targeting BPF noise in the 8-12 kHz range using an “acoustic straightener” that promoted planar wave propagation along arrays of quarter-wave resonators (QWRs). The design, however, faced challenges with high-amplitude tonal noise generation at specific flow conditions due to flow-acoustic coupling at the opening of the QWRs, thereby compromising the noise attenuation. The current study explores two QWR interface geometries that weaken the coupling, including linear and saw-tooth ramps on the upstream
Sriganesh, PranavSelamet, Ahmet
Additive manufacturing has been a game-changer in helping to create parts and equipment for the Department of Defense's (DoD's) industrial base. A naval facility in Washington state has become a leader in implementing additive manufacturing and repair technologies using various processes and materials to quickly create much-needed parts for submarines and ships. One of the many industrial buildings at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division, Keyport, in Washington, is the Manufacturing, Automation, Repair and Integration Networking Area Center, a large development center housing various additive manufacturing systems.
Biomedical metal implant materials are widely used in clinical applications, including dental implants, hip replacement, bone plates, and screws. However, traditional manufacturing processes face limitations in meeting customized medical needs, internal structural control, and efficient material utilization. For example, when producing complex-shaped titanium alloy parts using conventional methods, the material consumption ratio is as high as 10:1–20:1, leading to significant material waste.
A system has been developed to optimize the electrical, thermal, and mechanical behavior of 3D printed materials. University Carlos III of Madrid (UC3M), in collaboration with the University of Oxford, Imperial College London, and the BC Materials research center in the Basque Country, has developed an innovative computational model that makes it possible to predict and improve the behavior of multifunctional structures manufactured using 3D printers.
An industry-academia collaboration to advance sustainable bioprocessing through innovative materials for additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, has been announced by Innovate UK (IUK), as part of the “Sustainable Medicines Manufacturing Innovation: Collaborative R&D Fund.”
In February, the Joint Interagency Field Experimentation (JIFX) team at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) executed another highly collaborative week of rapid prototyping and defense demonstrations with dozens of emerging technology companies. Conducted alongside NPS’ operationally experienced warfighter-students, the event is a win-win providing insight to accelerate potential dual-use applications.
The promise of additive manufacturing (AM) in the medical device industry has always been clear, the ability to create intricate geometries, patient-specific implants, and previously impossible structures. The reality, however, is far less inspiring. Often, manufacturers believe they are designing for AM, but in truth, most have only scratched the surface of what is possible. They are working within the confines of traditional design principles and are often defaulting to software-driven solutions, believing these tools will carry them across the finish line.
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