Investigating the Orientation-Dependent Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel Fabricated via Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

2025-01-5001

01/15/2025

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Automotive Technical Papers
Authors Abstract
Content
Additive manufacturing technologies, particularly wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), have gained recognition for their ability to produce large metallic components efficiently and cost-effectively. This study investigates both the mechanical properties and microstructure of 304L austenitic stainless steel produced via WAAM, focusing on orientation-dependent behavior. Tensile specimens were prepared in transversal, diagonal, and longitudinal orientations according to ASTM E8 standards, and their mechanical properties were evaluated. The results show that the diagonal sample exhibited the highest tensile strength of 555 MPa with an elongation of 47.9%, while the longitudinal sample demonstrated the highest ductility with a notable elongation of 61.4%. Microstructural analysis, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed refined grain structures and alignment that influenced mechanical properties and stress distribution. Hardness measurements showed an increase across all orientations, with the highest hardness (101 HRC) observed in the diagonal direction. These findings highlight the impact of orientation on both mechanical properties and microstructure, providing critical insights into optimizing WAAM for high-performance applications.
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.4271/2025-01-5001
Pages
9
Citation
Navaneethasanthakumar, S., Suresh, R., Santhosh, V., Godwin Raja Ebenezer, N. et al., "Investigating the Orientation-Dependent Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel Fabricated via Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing," SAE Technical Paper 2025-01-5001, 2025, https://doi.org/10.4271/2025-01-5001.
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Publisher
Published
Jan 15
Product Code
2025-01-5001
Content Type
Technical Paper
Language
English