Browse Topic: Planning / scheduling

Items (1,105)
ABSTRACT The current reliability growth planning model used by the US Army, the Planning Model for Projection Methodology (PM2), is insufficient for the needs of the Army. This paper will detail the limitations of PM2 that cause Army programs to develop reliability growth plans that incorporate unrealistic assumptions and often demand that infeasible levels of reliability be achieved. In addition to this, another reliability growth planning model being developed to address some of these limitations, the Bayesian Continuous Planning Model (BCPM), will be discussed along with its own limitations. This paper will also cover a third reliability growth planning model that is being developed which incorporates the advantageous features of PM2 and BCPM but replaces the unrealistic assumptions with more realistic and customizable ones. The internal workings of this new TARDEC developed simulation-based model will be delved into with a focus on the advantages this model holds over PM2 and BCPM
Kosinski, Daniel
ABSTRACT This GVSETS paper outlines the strategy for integrating Digital Engineering (DE) practices into the Detroit Arsenal (DTA) acquisition, engineering, and sustainment communities. A DTA DE Community of Practice (CoP) is being led by Program Executive Office (PEO) Ground Combat Systems (GCS), PEO Combat Support & Combat Service Support (CS&CSS), Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM) Ground Vehicles Systems Center (GVSC), and Tank-Automotive & Armaments Command (TACOM). In addition, Program Management Offices (PMOs) will document their DE implementation plans as part of all planning documents per Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics & Technology (ASA[ALT]) guidance [1]. In this paper, each of the DTA organizations will address the following: Ongoing DE Related Efforts; Upcoming / Planned Efforts / Opportunities; Lessons Learned; and Challenges / Issues / Help Needed. Additionally, each DTA organization explains its current and future states along
Alexander, EricReilly, GlennKwietniewski, AndrewBerklich, Bill
Abstract: The Team Cybernet vehicle for the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge1 incorporated a route planning approach that uses sensed obstacles in the environment as the basis for potential turn placement prior to performing path search. The path search is confined to finding a set of straight-line tangents that connect circles of maximum curvature that are constructed adjacent to sensed obstacles. This approach is substantially different from traditional approaches in that the complexity of the search space is not based on the length of the path, but rather on the number of obstacles in the field. For sparse obstacle fields, this approach allows for very fast plan generation and results in paths that are guaranteed by construction to not violate steering constraints
Rowe, SteveJacobus, CharlesHaanpaa, Douglas
ABSTRACT Many recent advances in autonomy are derived from algorithm optimization and analysis with a large volume of data. The Autonomous Mobility Through Intelligent Collaboration (AMIC) program established a resource to host and access data to accelerate autonomy capability development across the U.S. Army Robotics and Autonomous Systems enterprise. The repository is seeded with high-quality multi-modal Autonomous Ground Vehicle sensor data collected from relevant operating environments. Development of unmanned air-ground teaming capability that extends the perception and planning horizon of an individual ground vehicle exercises and informs the development of the data warehouse. Collected data was also used to train a convolutional neural network to estimate relative vehicle position from camera images for communication-free formation control. Citation: M. Boulet, E. Cristofalo, P. DeBitetto, D. Griffith, A. Heier, S. Kassoumeh, A. Plotnik, A. Wu, “Applications of a Shared Data
Boulet, MichaelCristofalo, EricDeBitetto, PaulGriffith, DanielHeier, AndrewKassoumeh, SamPlotnik, AaronWu, Alan
ABSTRACT Off-road autonomous navigation poses a challenging problem, as the surrounding terrain is usually unknown, the support surface the vehicle must traverse cannot be considered flat, and environmental features (such as vegetation and water) make it difficult to estimate the support surface elevation. This paper will focus on Robotic Research’s suite of off-road autonomous planning and obstacle avoidance tools. Specifically, this paper will provide an overview of our terrain detection system, which utilizes advanced LADAR processing techniques to provide an estimate of the surface. Additionally, it will describe the kino-dynamic off-road planner which can, in real-time, calculate the optimal route, taking into account the support surface, obstacles sensed in the environment, and more. Finally, the paper will explore how these technologies have been applied to a wide variety of different robotic applications
Lacaze, AlbertoMottern, EdwardBrilhart, Bryan
ABSTRACT Systems Engineering (SE) would always benefit from the inclusion of the Six-Sigma perspective in both the planning and execution of project systems. This applies to not only System Engineers but also to Systems Extended Team Members, all who must provide cumulated knowledge along with competency to the project. It is difficult to obtain a high level of competency among single members of the team to be highly successful. Strength in one area is very often an underlying factor of weakness in another area. Determining and integrating sigma characteristics from the development cycle into all remaining phases of the product project, especially at critical component interfaces, with a resultant sigma value given to those connections that develop a sigma-risk factor for each function and process pathway within the operational configuration. This sigma-risk factor concept is the key in uniting knowledge with experience
Maholick, WilliamGodell, Carl J
ABSTRACT In the Tank Automotive Research Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) Phase II SBIR “Autonomy and Visualization Enhancement for Situational Awareness” (AVESA) program, Robotic Research, LLC has developed a camera-based intelligence and reconnaissance tool to address the needs of warfighters on the battlefield. The RR-Flashback system developed under this program provides a hardware and software solution that captures, time tags, and geo-references panoramic imagery, along with a spatiotemporal imagery database for use in mission planning, intelligence analysis, and detecting changes in the environment
Schneider, AnneLacaze, AlbertoMurphy, KarlMottern, EdwardJones, ChrisFiorani, Graham
ABSTRACT The Product Director for Contingency Base Infrastructure (PD CBI) is chartered to bring a system-of-systems approach to contingency basing. PD CBI has four major lines of effort to accomplish the mission. This paper briefly touches on the Strategic Recommendations, Analytical Support, and Stakeholder Collaboration and Integration lines of effort and focuses on the Contingency Basing Interface to the Warfighter line of effort. The paper outlines the Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) approach employed by the CBI team, detailing the application of a common set of tools to address each part of the problem. The paper also addresses the use of existing models and simulations, modifying them for use with base infrastructure materiel, and developing new tools as needed, to conduct analyses treating a contingency base as a system of systems (similar to a ground vehicle system). The results of the analyses will provide the Army with materiel investment recommendations for decision
Moravec, Joe
ABSTRACT Realizing End-to-End capabilities such as Condition Based Maintenance-Plus (CBM+) using the DoD’s acquisition process presents significant challenges that need to be overcome. Acquisition of new capabilities, especially non-Programs of Records (PoR), has become more difficult to demonstrate and field based on a set of complex factors which include unique and special build requirements, more options for components, cost and schedule constraints, and quality risks of unprecedented systems. In this paper, we document the process on how Enterprise Architecture (EA) methodologies can be effectively used to incorporate critical structures within the Systems Engineering Process to streamline the requirements and architectures development for a non-PoRs. We then explore the dimensions of strategic planning, testing, and data collection that are needed to determine basis of issue requirements and Capability Set Architectures from EA methodologies. We conclude by presenting the results
Zandstra, RobertReineke, DanielWard, William T.
Off-road autonomy validation presents unique challenges due to the unpredictable and dynamic nature of off-road environments. Variability analyses, by sequentially sweeping across the parameter space, struggle to comprehensively assess the performance of off-road autonomous systems within the imposed time constraints. This paper proposes leveraging scalable digital twin simulations within high-performance computing (HPC) clusters to address this challenge. By harnessing the computational power of HPC clusters, our approach aims to provide a scalable and efficient means to validate off-road autonomy algorithms, enabling rapid iteration and testing of autonomy algorithms under various conditions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework through performance evaluations of the HPC cluster in terms of simulation parallelization and present the systematic variability analysis of a candidate off-road autonomy algorithm to identify potential vulnerabilities in the autonomy stack’s
Samak, TanmaySamak, ChinmayKrovi, VenkatBinz, JoeyLuo, FengSmereka, JonathonBrudnak, MarkGorsich, David
Given an unordered list of spatial tasks to be completed by a team of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), this paper formulates and solves energy-aware mission planning for the team operating in an off-road geographic area. The mission planning problem uses the unordered task list and a priori-computed energy and time cost-to-go maps of the mission area to create a complete directed graph as input. The mission planner is formulated as an instance of a multi-objective vehicle routing problem allowing for charging rendezvous with a mobile charging host included in the team. A complete list of constraints and the objective function lead to a mixed-integer program that can be solved with existing tools for various mission scenarios. Example mission planning results are included to demonstrate the workings of the approach
Miller, N.Goulet, N.Ayalew, B.
Autonomous vehicle navigation requires signal processing of the vehicle’s sensors to provide meaningful information to the planners such that challenging artifacts like shadows, rare events, obstructive vegetation, etc. are identified properly, avoiding ill-informed navigation. Using a single algorithm such as semantic segmentation of camera images is often not enough to identify those challenging features but can be overcome by processing more than one type of sensor and fusing their results. In this work, semantic segmentation of camera image and LiDAR point cloud signals is performed using Echo State Networks to overcome the challenge of shadows identified as obstructions in off-road terrains. The coordination of algorithms processing multiple sensor signals is shown to avoid unnecessary road obstructions caused by high-contrast shadows for more informed navigational planning
Gardner, S. D.Hoxie, D.Bowen, N.Misko, S.Haider, M. R.Smereka, J.Jayakumar, P.Vantsevich, V.
Bringing a construction project from planning on the page to execution in the real world is replete with challenges. Whether a company is building a sprawling solar farm or laying lines on the road, precision is paramount. Misfires of just a few inches can have massive implications, and that often leads to a plodding layout process. But, in partnership with Point One, Civ Robotics is ensuring that precise construction layouts won’t be at odds with efficiency
Humans are generally good at whole-body manipulation, but robots struggle with such tasks. Now, MIT researchers have found a way to simplify this process, known as contact-rich manipulation planning. They use an AI technique called smoothing, which summarizes many contact events into a smaller number of decisions, to enable even a simple algorithm to quickly identify an effective manipulation plan for the robot
The optimization of speed holds critical significance for pure electric vehicles. In multi-intersection scenarios, the determination of terminal velocity plays a crucial role in addressing the complexities of the speed optimization problem. However, prevailing methodologies documented in the literature predominantly adhere to a fixed speed constraint derived from traffic light regulations, serving as the primary basis for the terminal velocity constraint. Nevertheless, this strategy can result in unnecessary acceleration and deceleration maneuvers, consequently leading to an undesirable escalation in energy consumption. To mitigate these issues and attain an optimal terminal velocity, this paper proposes an innovative speed optimization method that incorporates a terminal-velocity heuristic. Firstly, a traffic light state model is established to determine the speed range required to avoid coming to a stop at signalized intersections. Subsequently, by addressing the effect of vehicle
Hao, ZhengyiZhang, ZeyangJiang, YuyaoChu, HongqingGao, BingzhaoChen, Hong
In the field of autonomous driving trajectory planning, it’s virtual to ensure real-time planning while guaranteeing feasibility and robustness. Current widely adopted approaches include decoupling path planning and velocity planning based on optimization method, which can’t always yield optimal solutions, especially in complex dynamic scenarios. Furthermore, search-based and sampling-based solutions encounter limitations due to their low resolution and high computational costs. This paper presents a novel spatio-temporal trajectory planning approach that integrates both search-based planning and optimization-based planning method. This approach retains the advantages of search-based method, allowing for the identification of a global optimal solution through search. To address the challenge posed by the non-convex nature of the original solution space, we introduce a spatio-temporal semantic corridor structure, which constructs a convex feasible set for the problem. Trajectory
Zhong, LiangLu, ChanggangWu, Jian
Autonomous driving in real-world urban traffic must cope with dynamic environments. This presents a challenging decision-making problem, e.g. deciding when to perform an overtaking maneuver or how to safely merge into traffic. The traditional autonomous driving algorithm framework decouples prediction and decision-making, which means that the decision-making and planning tasks will be carried out after the prediction task is over. The disadvantage of this approach is that it does not consider the possible impact of ego vehicle decisions on the future states of other agents. In this article, a decision-making and planning method which considers longitudinal interaction is represented. The method’s architecture is mainly composed of the following parts: trajectory sampling, forward simulation, trajectory scoring and trajectory selection. For trajectory sampling, a lattice planner is used to sample three-dimensionally in both the time horizon and the space horizon. Three sampling modes
Chen, JiaqiWu, JianYK, Shi
The SAE AutoDrive Challenge II is a four-year collegiate competition dedicated to developing a Level 4 autonomous vehicle by 2025. In January 2023, the participating teams each received a Chevy Bolt EUV. Within a span of five months, the second phase of the competition took place in Ann Arbor, MI. The authors of this contribution, who participated in this event as team Wisconsin Autonomous representing the University of Wisconsin–Madison, secured second place in static events and third place in dynamic events. This has been accomplished by reducing reliance on the actual vehicle platform and instead leveraging physical analogs and simulation. This paper outlines the software and hardware infrastructure of the competing vehicle, touching on issues pertaining sensors, hardware, and the software architecture employed on the autonomous vehicle. We discuss the LiDAR-camera fusion approach for object detection and the three-tier route planning and following systems. One of the defining
Ashokkumar, SriramJayendra, AnirudhTobin, SamLeykin, ArielStegeman, RobertDashora, AbhirajLook, BryanKoenig, JosephHu, BrianCrooks, MasonMahajan, IshaanBoopathy, PravinKrishnakumar, MukundBatagoda, NevinduWang, HanYoung, AaronFreire, VictorBower, GlennXu, XiangruNegrut, Dan
This article presents a case study that was conducted at a renowned Danish manufacturing company that desired to employ AGVs (automated-guided vehicles) in one of its production facilities. The main goal was to create an AGV (automated-guided vehicle) system that is well synchronized with the manufacturing facility so that intralogistics problems are avoided during manufacturing activities. AGV routing and scheduling, loading, and waiting periods, battery management, and failure management were all considered when developing the AGV logic. As a result, it was confirmed that the AGV system in place can support a production system to meet pulse time requirements. A hierarchically structured discrete event simulation model was created to examine the logic of AGVs and the interplay between AGVs and manufacturing operations. The simulation study confirmed that AGV implementation will not affect the production system's ability to meet the set pulse time requirements. Furthermore, the
Raza, MohsinBilberg, ArneIlev, Dimitar-Delyan
With the development of internet technology and autonomous vehicles (AVs), the multimodal transportation and distribution model based on AVs will be a typical application paradigm in the smart city scenario. Before AVs carry out logistics distribution, it is necessary to plan a reasonable distribution path based on each customer point, and this is also known as Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). Unlike traditional VRP, the urban logistics distribution process based on multimodal transportation mode will use a set of different types of AVs, mainly including autonomous ground vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It is worth pointing out that there is currently no research on combining the planning of AVs distribution paths with the trajectory planning of UAVs. To address this issue, this article establishes a bilevel programming model. The upper-level model aims to plan the optimal delivery plan for AVs, while the lower-level model aims to plan a driving trajectory for UAVs
Ma, ShiziWang, ShengMa, ZhitaoQI, Zhiguo
Lane change obstacle avoidance is a common driving scenario for autonomous vehicles. However, existing methods for lane change obstacle avoidance in vehicles decouple path and velocity planning, neglecting the coupling relationship between the path and velocity. Additionally, these methods often do not sufficiently consider the lane change behaviors characteristic of human drivers. In response to these challenges, this paper innovatively applies the Dynamic Movement Primitives (DMPs) algorithm to vehicle trajectory planning and proposes a real-time trajectory planning method that integrates DMPs and Artificial Potential Fields (APFs) algorithm (DMP-Fs) for lane change obstacle avoidance, enabling rapid coordinated planning of both path and velocity. The DMPs algorithm is based on the lane change trajectories of human drivers. Therefore, this paper first collected lane change trajectory samples from on-road vehicle experiments. Second, the DMPs parameters are learned from the lane
Liang, KaichongZhao, ZhiguoYan, DanshuLi, Wenchang
Autonomous vehicles require the collaborative operation of multiple modules during their journey, and enhancing tracking performance is a key focus in the field of planning and control. To address this challenge, we propose a cooperative control strategy, which is designed based on the integration of model predictive control (MPC) and a dual proportional–integral–derivative approach, referred to as collaborative control of MPC and double PID (CMDP for short in this article).The CMDP controller accomplishes the execution of actions based on information from perception and planning modules. For lateral control, the MPC algorithm is employed, transforming the MPC’s optimal problem into a standard quadratic programming problem. Simultaneously, a fuzzy control is designed to achieve adaptive changes in the constraint values for steering angles. In longitudinal control, a dual control strategy comprising position-type PID and velocity-type PID is used, decoupling lateral and longitudinal
Huang, BinMa, LiutaoYang, NuorongMa, MinruiWei, Xiaoxu
For decades, there has been a tug-of-war between many suppliers and their vehicle-manufacturer customers with respect to future planning volumes. The stakes are significant. Using volumes that are too high drives an extreme capital commitment and risk suppliers to stranded capital and missed opportunities to employ resources elsewhere. Using volumes that are too low means the OEM may miss potential sales and the supplier would be stressed with extreme overtime to keep up. It is a never-ending balance. OEMs often use internally built ‘Capacity Planning Volumes’ (CPVs) to ensure they capacitize to both their annual and peak volume expectations. These volumes are used as the divisor to understand per-part costs and how tooling, machines, infrastructure and other capitalized items are amortized over the life of the program. Suppliers often utilize third-party views such as the S&P Global Mobility Light Vehicle Production Forecasts to gain an impartial perspective of market dynamics, as
The driving risk field model offers a feasible approach for assessing driving risks and planning safe trajectory in complex traffic scenarios. However, the conventional risk field fails to account for the vehicle size and acceleration, results in the same trajectories are generated when facing different vehicle types and unable to make safe decisions in emergency situations. Therefore, this paper firstly introduces the acceleration and vehicle size of surrounding vehicles for improving the driving risk model. Then, an integrated decision-making and planning model is proposed based on the combination of the novelty risk field and model predictive control (MPC), in which driving risk and vehicle dynamics constraints are taken into consideration. Finally, the multiple driving scenarios are designed and analyzed for validate the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the proposed decision-making and planning method exhibits superior performance in addressing discrepancies related to
Li, PenghaoHu, WenDeng, YuanwangZhang, Pingyi
Aiming at the problem of weak communication, strong interference, cross-domain, and large-scale environment, it is difficult to achieve efficient decision-making and planning in the collaborative operation of intelligent groups. Based on the SOM algorithm, this paper proposes a dual-selection allocation and distributed vectorized trajectory planning. Form a collaborative planning algorithm that can be updated with high frequency and a rational decision-making mechanism. Provide technical support for collaborative search and detection of intelligent groups. At the same time, based on the principle of minimum consistency, this paper proposes a clock synchronization model under spatial coordination and conducts simulation experiments to verify it. The result proves the efficiency and practicability of the collaborative intelligent decision-making plan proposed in this paper
Zhang, XueWei, Zhaoyu
This paper examines the concurrent scheduling of machines and tools with machines in a multi-machine flexible manufacturing system (FMS) with the aim of minimizing the makespan in automobile manufacturing industry. Due to the high cost of tools in FMS, each type of tool has only one duplicate in circulation. To reduce the cost of duplicating tools on each machine, a central tool magazine (CTM) is used to store and share tools among several machines. The main challenge in this scenario is to allocate machines from alternate machines and tools to job operations in a way that minimizes the make span. To address this problem, the article proposes a mixed nonlinear integer programming formulation and a Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA). The results show that the FPA outperforms existing algorithms and using alternate machines for operations can reduce the make span. Therefore, this paper suggests that the FPA-based approach can be effectively utilized in real-world FMS applications
Mareddy, Padma LalithaVakucherla, VenkateshKatta, Lakshmi NarasimhamuSiva Rami Reddy, Narapureddy
The lack of institutional capacity and coordination, outdated rules and regulations, poorly perceived implementation of motorization policy, and knee-jerk approaches for transportation planning are the challenges to progress toward sustainable transportation in Lahore, Pakistan. This study evaluates the current potential of transport departments of Lahore, Pakistan toward a sustainable urban transportation system. The Benchmarking and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approaches have been used to analyze both primary data from the relevant stakeholders through a questionnaire survey and secondary data obtained from the reports (e.g., Barella et al. [1]) and official websites. The results show that the qualitative assessment of transport departments in terms of quantitative data (internal evaluation factor) is equal to 1.712 on a scale of 4.0, which means that the current potential of transport departments has not yet grasped even the minimum requirements of achieving sustainability in
Abbas, ZaheerAziz, AmerHameed, Rizwan
Motion planning for autonomous vehicles remains challenging, especially in environments with multiple vehicles and high speeds. Autonomous racing offers an opportunity to develop algorithms that can deal with such situations and adds the requirement of following race rules. We propose a hybrid local planning approach capable of generating rule-compliant trajectories at the dynamic limits for multi-vehicle oval racing. The planning method is based on a spatiotemporal graph, which is searched in a two-step process to exploit the dynamic limits on the one hand and achieve a long planning horizon on the other. We introduce a soft-checking procedure that can handle cases where no collision-free, feasible, or rule-compliant solutions are found to restore an admissible state as quickly as possible. We also present a state machine explicitly designed for fully autonomous operation on a racetrack, acting on a higher level of the planning algorithm. It contains the interface to a race control
Ögretmen, LeventRowold, MatthiasBetz, TobiasLangmann, AlexanderLohmann, Boris
Directed energy deposition is of interest to the aerospace and defense industries for the production of novel and complex geometries, as well as repair applications. However, variability during the build process can result in deviations in final component geometry, structure, and mechanical properties, which adds to the complexity of process planning and slows down adoption of this technology
Due to its wide range of applications, multiagent UAV trajectory planning has been extensively studied. For reliable real-world deployment, it is essential that a trajectory planner be robust to both communication delays and dynamic environments; however, achieving robustness to both communication delays and dynamic environments has not been addressed in the literature. Multiagent trajectory planners can be centralized (one machine plans every agent’s trajectory) or decentralized (each agent plans its own trajectory). Decentralized planners are more scalable and robust to failures of the centralized machine. Despite these advantages, a decentralized scheme requires communication between the agents, and communication delays could potentially introduce failure in the trajectory deconfliction between the agents. It is also worth noting that there are two layers of decentralization— decentralized planning and decentralized communication architecture. Even if the planning algorithm is
Considering the change of vehicle future power demand in the process of energy distribution can improve the fuel saving effect of hybrid system. However, current studies are mostly based on historical information to predict the future power demand, where it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of prediction. To tackle this problem, this paper combines hybrid energy management with predictive cruise control, proposing a hierarchical control strategy of predictive energy management (PEM) that includes two layers of algorithms for speed planning and energy distribution. In the interest of decreasing the energy consumed by power components and ensuring transportation timeliness, the upper-level introduces a predictive cruise control algorithm while considering vehicle weight and road slope, planning the future vehicle speed during long-distance driving. The lower-level calculates the future power demand based on the results of speed planning, and a dynamic programming method is utilized
Li, XiaozhiWang, YuhaiLi, Xingkun
The body stiffness plays a key role in vehicle performance, such as noise and vibration, ride and handling, durability and so on. In particular, a body D-pillar ring structure is the most sensitive affecting the body stiffness on vehicle with tail gate. Therefore, since D-pillar body ring structure for high stiffness and lightweight is required, an optimized design methodology that simultaneously satisfies the requirements was studied. It focused on a methodology that body engineering designers can optimize design parameters easily and quickly by themselves in the preceding stages of vehicle’s styling distribution and design conceptual planning. First, it is important to establish the body stiffness design strategy by predicting the body stiffness with the vehicle’s styling at early design stage. The methodology to predict body stiffness with the styling and body dimension specification parameters was introduced. Next, design parameters such as a cross-section area, material and
Kim, HyungtaeLee, YoungHoHur, JungwooChoi, Jeehwan
This paper presents a methodology of trajectory planning for the surrounding-aware lane change maneuver of autonomous vehicles based on a data-driven method. The lateral motion is planned by sampling candidate patterns which are defined based on quintic polynomial functions over time. Based on the cost evaluation among the sampled candidates, the optimal lateral motion pattern is selected as a reference and tracked by the controller. The longitudinal motion is planned and controlled using Model Predictive Control (MPC) which is an optimal control method designed considering the surrounding traffic information. To realize the lane change motion similar to the human driving behavior in the surrounding traffic situation, the human driving pattern is modeled in the form of motion parameters and considered in planning the lateral and longitudinal motion. The motion parameters related to the lane change motion are estimated based on the host vehicle states and surrounding vehicle states, and
Yoon, YoungminYi, Kyongsu
Just like us, robots can’t see through walls. Sometimes they need a little help to get where they’re going. Engineers at Rice University have developed a method that allows humans to help robots “see” their environments and carry out tasks
Efforts toward the mechanization of aircraft manufacturing began as a divided focus between devices like power tools that augment human worker capability and purpose-designed, “monument” automation. While both have benefits and limitations, the capability of modern industrial robots has grown to the point of being able to effectively fill the capability gap between them, offering a third option in the mechanization toolbox. Moreover, increasing computer processing power continues to enable more advanced approaches to perception to inform task planning and execution. Higher performance robots supplemented with greater ability to adapt to various conditions and scenarios have also led to the ability to operate reliably and safely outside traditional fixed-installation, caged work cells. This in turn has made it feasible for robot systems to work in ever more complex environments and applications, including the world of aircraft assembly with its numerous challenges like workpiece scale
Richardson, Curtis A.Davis, Chris R.
They say experience is the best teacher, and the manufacturing sector has learned some hard lessons over the past two years. Unprecedented and unrelenting market turbulence has shown that the old ways of supply chain planning and manufacturing production are outdated and vulnerable to disruption. Manufacturers now have evidence of what happens to a “just-in-time” globe-spanning supply chain that operates without contingency planning
Accurate surrounding vehicle motion prediction is critical for enabling safe, high quality autonomous driving decision-making and motion planning. Aiming at the problem that the current deep learning-based trajectory prediction methods are not accurate and effective for extracting the interaction between vehicles and the road environment information, we design a target vehicle intention-aware dual attention network (IDAN), which establishes a multi-task learning framework combining intention network and trajectory prediction network, imposing dual constraints. The intention network generates an intention encoding representing the driver’s intention information. It inputs it into the attention module of the trajectory prediction network to assist the trajectory prediction network to achieve better prediction accuracy. The attention module in the trajectory prediction network mainly includes spatial attention module and channel attention module to reflect the relative importance of the
Xiao, YigeNie, LinzhenYin, ZhishuaiYu, JiaZhang, Ming
The SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital’s pediatric maxillofacial surgery team has used 3D printing technology to successfully perform a complicated operation to resect a malignant tumor in an 11-year-old boy. Given the complexity of the operation, the medical team, led by Dr. Josep Rubio, head of the maxillofacial surgery unit at SJD, decided to carry out preoperative planning and simulation using BCN3D’s technology and 3D anatomical models of the parts of the patient’s skull
Transportation has significant and long-lasting economic, social and environmental impacts which makes it an important dimension of urban sustainability. The World is witnessing rapid changes in modern traveling behavior, and efforts are continuously being made to stimulate sustainable mobility solutions with smart policies, new business models, and advanced technologies (connected cars, sensors, electrification). However, the shift is gradual in India when compared to developed countries due to unique barriers to emerging green mobility solutions. This paper empirically investigates public travel satisfaction and the primary factors for the selection of modes for different types of commutes. Quantitative data were collected including socio-demographic, travel mode choices, and preferred future mobility solutions from the western states of India. This study analyses the correspondence between demography and traveling behavior for various types of commutes like daily work, intercity
Tillu, Prasanna GajananSharma, HimanshuDigalwar, AbhijeetReosekar, Ravi
One-way car-sharing services (CSSs) are believed to be a promising transportation mode for urban mobility. Due to the disparity of city functional areas and population, travel demand and vehicle supply in a CSS may inevitably tend to be imbalanced as well. Therefore, an essential requirement of one-way CSSs is the capability of providing fleet management solutions to improve quality of service and system performance. In other words, a CSS depends heavily on technologies that offer strategic decisions on topics like Fleet sizing Location and capacity of depots and charging stations Matching of travelers with vehicles Relocation of vehicles and dispatchers for fleet rebalancing Balancing and charging schedules of electric vehicles Car-sharing Mobility-on-Demand Systems addresses trending CSS technologies and outlines some insights into the existing unsettled issues and potential solutions. The discussions and outlook are presented as a collection of key points encountered in system
Guo, GeHou, YuqinKang, Ming
Demand-Driven Material Requirements Planning (DDMRP) is regarded as a potential method of material management to provide planning and execution performance improvements in variable environments. However, Industry 4.0 refers to the fourth industrial revolution that allows creating a smart manufacturing system by using the new technologies of communication, automation, and digitalization. DDMRP and Industry 4.0 are crucial as new technologies are introduced to companies to improve their performance. Nevertheless, there is an absence of reviews showing the relationships between DDMRP and Industry 4.0. A literature review is used to identify the key constructs of DDMRP and Industry 4.0, and the relationships postulated between them are presented. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between DDMRP and Industry 4.0. The result of this article was a model for integrating the DDMPRP and Industry 4.0 proposed upon a robust theoretical method. According to the
El Marzougui, MustaphaMessaoudi, NajatDachry, WafaaBensassi, Bahloul
Data is information that has been recorded in a form or format convenient to move or process. It is important to distinguish between data and the format. The format is a structured way to record information, such as engineering drawings and other documents, software, pictures, maps, sound, and animation. Some formats are open source, others proprietary. Regardless of the format, there are three broad types of data. Table 1 lists these types of data and provides examples. DM, from the perspective of this standard, consists of the disciplined processes and systems utilized to plan for, acquire, and provide management and oversight for product and product-related business data, consistent with requirements, throughout the product and data life cycles. Thus, this standard primarily addresses product data and the business data required for stakeholder collaboration extending through the supply chain during product acquisition and sustainment life cycle. This standard has broader application
EIDM Enterprise Information and Data Management
This standard applies to the aerospace and defense industries and their supply chains
E-1 Environmental Committee
As robots increasingly join people on the factory floor, in warehouses and elsewhere on the job, dividing up who will do which tasks grows in complexity and importance. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University’s Robotics Institute have developed an algorithmic planner that helps delegate tasks to humans and robots. The planner, “Act, Delegate or Learn” (ADL), considers a list of tasks and decides how best to assign them. The researchers asked three questions: When should a robot act to complete a task? When should a task be delegated to a human? And when should a robot learn a new task
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