Browse Topic: Vacuum
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, maraging steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, flash-welded rings up to 10.0 inches (254 mm) in diameter or least distance between parallel sides (thickness), and stock of any size for forging or flash-welded rings (see 8.6
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet and strip up to 0.187 inch (4.75 mm) thick, inclusive, and plate up to 4.000 inches (101.6 mm) thick, inclusive
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant, work strengthened cobalt-nickel-chromium alloy in the form of bars 2 inches (50 mm) and under in nominal diameter
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and foil 0.1874 inch (4.76 mm) and under in nominal thickness
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant, work-strengthened, and aged cobalt-nickel-chromium alloy in the form of bars 2 inches (50 mm) and under in nominal diameter
This specification covers a precipitation hardenable corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of seamless tubing
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of welding wire
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) addresses the general procedure for the best practices for minimizing uncertainty when calibrating thermal conductivity and cold cathode vacuum gauges, which includes the vacuum sensor(s) and accompanying electronics necessary for a pressure measurement to be made. It also includes the best practices for an in-process verification where limitations make it impossible to follow the best practices for minimizing uncertainty. Verifying the accuracy and operation of vacuum gauges is critical to ensure the maintenance of processes while under vacuum
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and forging stock
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant steel in the form of welding wire
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of welding wire
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant steel in the form of welding wire
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel-iron alloy in the form of bars, forgings, and flash-welded rings 5.0 inches (127 mm) and under in nominal diameter, or maximum cross-sectional distance between parallel sides (thickness), and stock of any size for forging or flash-welded rings
This specification covers two grades of a premium aircraft-quality, corrosion-resistant steel in the form of bars, wire, forgings in the solution heat treated condition, and forging stock. Product covered by this specification is limited to a nominal 6.00 inches (152.4 millimeters) and under diameter or maximum cross-sectional dimension between parallel sides (thickness), unless the product is tested in the response to H1000 condition (see 3.5.1.2 and 8.7). When product is tested in the H1000 condition, the product is limited to 8.00 inches (203.2 millimeters) and under diameter or maximum cross-sectional dimension between parallel sides (thickness). Stock for forging may be of any size
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings 100 square inches (645 cm2) and under in cross-sectional area, and forging stock of any size
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and forging stock
This specification covers a low-alloy steel in the form of welding wire
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of bars, forgings, and flash-welded rings up to 4.00 inches (101.6 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness or distance between parallel sides and having a maximum cross-sectional area of less than 12.6 square inches (81 cm2). Stock for forging or flash-welded rings may be of any size and condition as ordered
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of welding wire
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of welding and additive manufacturing wire
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and flash-welded rings up to 5.000 inches (127.00 mm), inclusive, in diameter or least distance between parallel sides, and stock of any size for forging or flash-welded rings
This specification covers an alloy steel in the form of welding wire
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of investment castings
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and forging stock
This specification covers a low-alloy steel in the form of welding wire
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant cobalt alloy in the form of strip 0.100 inch (2.54 mm) and under in specified thickness and 4.000 inches (101.60 mm) and under in specified width in the solution heat-treated and cold rolled condition
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of bars, forgings, and flash welded rings up to 4.00 inches (101.6 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness or distance between parallel sides and having a maximum cross-sectional area of less than 12.6 square inches (81 cm2). Stock for forging or flash welded rings may be of any size
This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes methods of vacuum bagging, a process used to apply pressure in adhesive bonding and heat curing of thermosetting composite materials and metalbond for commercial aircraft parts. If this document is used for the vacuum bagging of other than thermosetting composite materials and metalbond, the fitness for this purpose must be determined by the user. The methods shall only be used when specified in an approved Repair Document or with the agreement of the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM
This specification covers a cleaning/scale removing compound in the form of a liquid concentrate or gel
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant, vacuum melted, nickel alloy in the form of investment castings
Vacuum suction cups are used as transforming handles in stamping lines, which are essential in developing automation and mechanization. However, the vacuum suction cup will crack due to fatigue or long-term operation or installation angle, which directly affects production productivity and safety. The better design will help increase the cups' service life. If the location of stress concentration can be predicted, this can prevent the occurrence of cracks in advance and effectively increase the service life. However, the traditional strain measurement technology cannot meet the requirements of tracking large-field stains and precise point tracking simultaneously in the same area, especially for stacking or narrow parts of the suction cups. The application must allow multiple measurements of hidden component strain information in different fields of view, which would add cost. In this study, a unique multi-camera three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) system was designed
Rice University photonics researchers have created a potentially disruptive technology for the ultraviolet optics market
This test method covers determination of abrasion resistance, fiber loss, and bearding resistance of automotive carpet materials
This recommended practice describes the materials, related equipment, and particular processing techniques utilized in process science curing of composite hardware where pressure is imparted specifically to the resin of curing composites. Included as Appendix "A" to this ARP is a discussion of the particular techniques developed for a processing science philosophy which has consistently produced void and porosity-free, large area, thick composite structures
This SAE Standard applies to self-propelled sweepers and scrubbers as defined in SAE J2130-1 and J2130-2
The Particulate Matter Index (PMI) is a tool that provides an indication of a fuel’s tendency to produce Particulate Matter (PM) emissions. Currently, the index is being used by various fuel laboratories and the Automotive OEMs as a tool to understand the gasoline fuel’s impact on both PM from engine hardware and vehicle-out emissions. In addition, a newer index that could be used to give an indication of the PM tendency of the gasoline range fuels, called the Particulate Evaluation Index (PEI), is shown to have a good correlation to PMI. The data used in those indices are collected from chemical analytical methods. This paper will compare gas chromatography (GC) methods used by three laboratories and discuss how the different techniques may affect the PMI and PEI calculation. Data from two fuel laboratories running an Enhanced ASTM D6730 method will be compared to the paraffin, isoparaffin, olefin, naphthene, or aromatic (PIONA) data from a modified ASTM D8071 method using a newly
In recent years, the petroleum industry has faced an unpredictable and increasingly unstable market. This instability causes drastic fluctuations in the oil prices, which in turn affects the demand for the product. Refineries have confronted an impossible situation, where if crude oil is purchased at a certain price, in a matter of days for a what-so-ever reason the oil prices take a hit and they are forced to sell the oil at a lower price, which is not desirable. If the refinery gambles to buy bulk of crude oil at a bargain, the literature suggests that the chances are of a decrease in a product demand due to increasing oil price, which again is not desirable. Moreover, refinery industries also have to face the consequences of rapidly changing exchange rates. In situations like this, it becomes essential for the refineries to reduce losses as much as possible, increase productivity, and reduce the cost of its operations. In this research, techniques of linear programming (LP) were
Throughout the automotive industry, the application of an integrated electronic booster (IEB) system has been actively applied following with diversify powertrain types and expand autonomous vehicles.[1, 2] Compared to the existing vacuum boosters, the performance advantages of IEB are 1) robustness against environmental changes, 2) rapid hydraulic reactivity, etc., and the advantages of cost / university are 1) flexibility for powertrain changes 2) weight saving 3) package simplification. Although IEB has a great advantage in performance and cost, it still needs a lot of research in various fields to realize the braking feeling, which is the performance of the emotional aspect, similar to the existing system. [3, 4
Recently, electro-hydraulic brake systems (EHB) has been developed to take place of the vacuum booster, having the advantage of faster pressure build-up and continuous pressure regulation. In contrast to the vacuum booster, the pressure estimation for EHB is worth to be studied due to its abundant resource (i.e. electric motor) and cost-effective benefit. This work improves an interconnected pressure estimation algorithm (IPEA) based on actuator characteristics by introducing the vehicle dynamics and validates it via vehicle tests. Considering the previous IPEA as the prior pressure estimation, the wheel speed feedback is used for modification via a proportional-integral (PI) observer. Superior to the IPEA based on actuator characteristics, the proposed PEA improves the accuracy by more than 20% under the mismatch of pressure-position relation. Most importantly, this study realized a high-precision and robust pressure estimation with built-in sensors, which provides a high cost
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