Browse Topic: Surveillance
ABSTRACT Motorized ground forces spend considerable resources in equipping for situational awareness capabilities. Given requirements spanning command, control, surveillance, and reconnaissance of a battlefield, there has been no single mast technology that can support each of these with elevated sensors and weapons. A tough, extremely low weight modular mast system has been designed to be quickly attached or removed from a ground vehicle to provide different operational capabilities depending on the payload. The design allows for easy modification to fit functional needs on different vehicles and platforms. At the heart of the technology is a proprietary super-fiber pressurized tube which elevates the payload on a column of moderate gas pressure eliminating cumbersome hydraulic/mechanical systems. An internal, simple alignment system and gyroscope-maintained verticality allow a stable, elevated platform without introducing instability to the vehicle. The system is capable of
ABSTRACT The U.S. Army has realized the need to change its procurement strategy to demand shorter equipment fielding times, delivering capabilities with clear military value that can be improved in low risk increments. This paper addresses the need for a C4ISR infrastructure based on open standards that can be sourced from multiple vendors and host the full spectrum of applications. The Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) -- is a computing and network infrastructure scalable from handheld and dismounted form factors through redundant, distributed clusters supporting multiple secure enclaves, and qualified for the most stringent of ground combat environments. The DCE captures the benefits of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) capitalization surrounding the x86 architecture, and implements open standards including OpenVPX, POSIX, Gigabit Ethernet, the Object Management Group Data Distribution Service, and the Service Availability Forum. Packaged COTS subsystems implement the hardware as
ABSTRACT Continued proliferation of terrorist activities throughout the globe, as well as other low to medium intensity conflicts, present unique challenges to the US Army, Marines, and Special Operating Forces, especially in times of reduced manpower and operating budgets. Soldiers are called upon to do increasingly complex, dangerous, and lengthy missions with reduced troop strength and in more remote and austere conditions often far from traditional means of ready resupply. The need for organic persistent surveillance of potentially hostile areas is also of significant value to improve situational awareness and preserve the tactical advantage. The high risk nature of these missions can be significantly mitigated and operational tempo (OPTEMPO) improved by using unmanned solutions. Previously proposed solutions attempting to make use of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) or Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) alone experienced multiple problems. One solution that addresses these issues is to
ABSTRACT Standard specifications give programs the flexibility of developing large systems from smaller pieces that can communicate between one another in a standard fashion. This benefit is lost, however, if there is no way to verify that vendors successfully adhere to the standard in question. The Vehicular Integration for Command, Control, Communications, and Computers (C4), Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) Electronic Warfare (EW) Interoperability (VICTORY) standards aim to create interoperability across various C4ISR/EW and platform systems installed on military ground vehicles while reducing size, weight, and power (SWaP) and enabling additional capabilities. The VICTORY Compliance Test Suite (CTS) provides a method to test hardware and software according to the standard specifications to ensure interoperability between VICTORY compliant components
ABSTRACT The Vehicular Integration for Command, Control, Communication, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance / Electronic Warfare (C4ISR/EW) Interoperability (VICTORY) standards is an open architecture that defines how software and hardware are shared as common resources among services that make up a platform’s capabilities such as Ethernet switches and routers, end nodes, processing units, as well as functionality such as position and navigation systems, radios, health monitoring, and automotive. The VICTORY standard enables reducing the total Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP), and Costs (SWaP-C) on a platform. As part of the Information Assurance (IA) capabilities of the VICTORY standard, the VICTORY Access Control Framework (VACF) provides protection to these shared resources in the form of an Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) system. The VACF is composed of five VICTORY component types: Authentication, Attribute Store, Policy Store, Policy Decision, and Policy
ABSTRACT FEV North America will discuss application of advanced automotive cybersecurity to smart vehicle projects, - software safety - software architecture and how it applies to similar features and capabilities across the fleet of DoD combat and tactical vehicles. The analogous system architectures of automotive and military vehicles with advanced architectures, distributed electronic control units, connectivity to networks, user interfaces and maintenance networks and interface points clearly open an opportunity for DoD to leverage the technology techniques, hardware, software, management and human resources to drive implementation costs down while implementing fleet modifications, infrastructure methodology and many of the features of the automotive cyber security spectrum. Two of the primary automotive and DoD subsystems most relevant to Cyber Security threat and protection are the automotive connected vehicles analogous to the DoD Command, Control, Communications, Computers
ABSTRACT The U.S. military has made substantial progress in developing and fielding C4ISR systems that can collect and gather overwhelming amounts of valuable raw sensor data. A new challenge that has emerged with the deployment of numerous state-of-the-art ISR collection systems is the effective and timely use of the collected surveillance and reconnaissance information, or simply stated an architecture that pushes the timeliness and accessibility of this situational awareness data to the tactical edge – “the right data at the right time to the soldier.” Delivery of real time key information to include situational awareness to a decision maker is what makes the difference between loss and victory on the battlefront. This paper is an extension of a GVSETS paper that was presented in the 2010 symposium. This paper discusses in more detail the integration of command and control (C2), video management, and collaboration capabilities, such as chat and telestration, with the sensor
ABSTRACT Reconnaissance of distant targets with long reaching sensor technology demands a stable platform upon which to operate. Traditionally this requires vehicles deploying mast mounted sensors to remain stationary while collecting data. Pairing electronically controlled active Electromechanical Suspension System (EMS) technology developed by The University of Texas Center for Electromechanics (UT-CEM) with current reconnaissance vehicle platforms creates highly mobile intelligence gathering systems capable of operating on the move over rough and unimproved terrain. This report documents the establishment of criteria by which to judge sensor platform stabilizing performance of EMS and then uses these metrics to evaluate performance improvements over conventional passive vehicles. Based on this analysis it may be possible to operate effectively over cross-country terrains at speeds of 10 to 15 mph while collecting useful reconnaissance data
ABSTRACT The U.S. military has made substantial progress in developing and fielding C4ISR systems that can collect and gather overwhelming amounts of valuable raw sensor data. A new challenge that has emerged with the deployment of numerous state-of-the-art ISR collection systems is the effective and timely use of the collected surveillance and reconnaissance information, or simply stated an architecture that pushes the timeliness and accessibility of this situational awareness data to the tactical edge – “the right data at the right time to the warfighter.” Along with this information distribution challenge is the increased size, weight, and power implications of the numerous stove piped systems that are bolted on to the mechanized platforms. The tactical plug-and-play framework integrates cohesive, yet loosely coupled infrastructures for communications, Command and Control (C2) applications, sensor suites, and provides the “digital backbone” architecture. This architecture results in
ABSTRACT The TeamView™ system is a combat proven multifunctional passive surveillance system providing 360° video-on-the-move and continuous recording. Integrated with GXP Xplorer™ and Socket GXP™ software products, the TeamView™ system can be a key part of a Ground Based ISR enterprise solution that improves mission capability. The system uses field proven hardware and software creating an end-to-end solution including video collection, management and exploitation
ABSTRACT Operation of a virtual vehicle in order to perform dynamic evaluation of the design can be achieved through the use of augmented reality combined with a simulator. Many uses of virtual reality involve the evaluation of component packaging in a static although interactive manner. That is, the virtual reality (VR) participant can interactively view the virtual environment and perform some minor interactions such as toggling through alternative CAD models for comparison or changing the viewing position to another seat. The immersive 3D simulator system described in this paper enables the VR participant to perform operational tasks such as driving, gunnery and surveillance. Furthermore, this system incorporates augmented reality in order to allow the mixture of the virtual environment with physical controls for operating the virtual vehicle
ABSTRACT In this paper, we present a proof-of-concept prototype system created in an applied research and development effort at Southwest Research Institute. The Advanced Situational Awareness (ASA) Modeling and Visualization Environment is a response to the need for applications that improve the value and presentation of situational awareness information by leveraging the increased integration of sensors, Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR), and Electronic Warfare (EW) systems with networks in ground vehicles. The ongoing U.S. Army Vehicular Integration for C4ISR/EW Interoperability (VICTORY) initiative is providing the framework by which this integration of sensors and systems can be realized. By utilizing the VICTORY concepts and current specifications, the research team was able to develop an ASA system that provides: cross-vehicle reasoning, visualization of situation awareness (SA) data overlaid on video, and a
Hensoldt Taufkirchen, Germany +49 731-392-3681
Collins Aerospace Cedar Rapids, IA 319-295-1000
Remember what it’s like to twirl a sparkler on a summer night? Hold it still and the fire crackles and sparks but twirl it around and the light blurs into a line tracing each whirl and jag you make
Surveillance cameras are becoming more commonplace in public environments, as well as finding use in private security and military operations. We are particularly interested in scenarios where a single pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) camera is used to perform surveillance in large outdoor environments, which may include 360-degree horizontal coverage and depths out to 1 km or more. These scenarios exist in many environments such as security for building exteriors, airports, highways, parking lots, and property perimeters; anomaly detection in dense urban environments; and surveillance in military overwatch missions. In environments with many vertical obscurations (e.g., trees and buildings), ground-based cameras will need to be carefully located to provide long-range views. As the elevation of the camera is increased above the ground level, by placement on tall poles or building rooftops, for example, obtaining views of distant regions becomes easier
The development of the autonomous applications for dismounted Soldier systems is paramount to defeating our adversaries, such as China and Russia, in future combat. A comprehensive literature review is necessary to assist in defining the best path forward. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD The development of the artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) applications for dismounted Soldier systems is paramount to defeating our adversaries, such as China and Russia, in future combat. A comprehensive AI/ML literature review is a first step toward defining what exists and what can be applied and researched for our nation's defense in future warfare. There is a clear need to use the latest AI/ML technologies in threat identification and elimination without U.S. lives lost. A comprehensive literature review is necessary to assist in defining the best path forward. In theory, networked unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) using onboard cameras may assist in successful
Operating beyond the visible light spectrum, forward-looking infrared (FLIR) cameras use a thermographic imager (camera) that senses infrared radiation, or heat signatures. Advanced FLIR thermal imaging systems capture and display infrared wavelengths that are radiating energy. Infrared thermography consists of three specific wavelengths, including short-wave infrared (SWIR), midwave infrared (MWIR), and long wavelength infrared (LWIR). MWIR imaging cameras have long been the preferred solution for clear thermal imaging at distances greater than one kilometer (km) for defense, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), counter-UAS, security, and other long-range surveillance applications. To meet these imaging requirements, advanced MWIR camera systems are commonly integrated with infrared telescopes that feature a continuous zoom (CZ) lens assembly. Developing custom cameras and CZ lenses can be costly in terms of time and resources, and it can become complicated
Will the U.S. Army's attempt to define a universal framework for modular interoperability stifle industry innovation? Answering the challenge of increasingly complex military systems that are harder to upgrade, the U.S. Army has released a set of open system architecture standards. Ensuring an open and common approach to systems architecture, these are the standards that will define the prototypes being built for operational assessment: Command, Control, Computers, Communications, Cyber, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C5ISR) C5ISR/EW Modular Open Suite of Standards (CMOSS) CMOSS Mounted Form Factor (CMFF) While these initiatives attempt to define this universal framework for module interoperability, there's a trade-off between mandating commonality and promoting innovation. As the momentum around CMOSS/CMFF builds, how much room will be left to develop innovative new capabilities and business practices
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
The Department of Defense (DoD) estimates manpower cost is the largest component in the operation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). From planning, controlling, supervising, analyzing, replanning, delivering data, and other functions, the human operator currently bares the majority of the burden for these tasks
Red Cat Holdings, Inc. San Juan, Puerto Rico 516-222-2560
Developing a methodology for multiple unmanned aircraft assigned to fly optimal trajectories in order to survey and collect a pre-specified amount of data from a fixed, ground-based wireless sensor network. Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio The Department of Defense (DoD) estimates manpower cost is the largest component in the operation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). From planning, controlling, supervising, analyzing, replanning, delivering data, and other functions, the human operator currently bares the majority of the burden for these tasks. The most critical phases of mission profiles are often either manually performed or pre-programmed by human operators. These functions “include critical flight operations, navigation, takeoff and landing of unmanned aircraft, and recognition of lost communications requiring implementation of return-to-base procedures.”. Furthermore, UAS that conduct Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR
Aeronautics Group Yavne, Israel 972-8-9433600
Increasingly sophisticated technology must be leveraged in surveillance environments to enable eventually achieving the goal of allowing analysts to increase throughput by managing multiple simultaneous feeds. Maintaining this increased tasking will likely introduce additional workload and fatigue. Fortunately, analysts can currently offload some of these tasks to automation and will, in the future, be able to offload additional tasking to streamline the intelligence analysis process
BIRD Aerosystems Herzliya, Israel +972 9-972-5700
Environmental engineering is the study of a dynamic relationship between humans and the environment – how humans impact the environment and how the environment affects humans. Like many other disciplines, environmental engineering has a lot to gain and share from exploring the use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS
During the 2021 Modeling and Simulation (M&S) Gap Forum, space intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) modeling was identified as a current/near-future modeling gap. The U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM) Analysis Center (DAC) submitted an Army M&S Enterprise Capability Gap white paper (Harclerode, 2021) describing a course of action to help fill this gap. The Army Modeling and Simulation Office has funded DAC to develop methodologies for representing performance of commercial, national, and military space and low-earth- orbit assets and their impact on joint operations with a test implementation within the Framework for Capability-based Tactical Analysis Libraries and Simulations (FRACTALS
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