Browse Topic: Body panels

Items (459)
Customers are expecting higher level of refinement in electric vehicle. Since the background noise is less in electric vehicle in comparison with ICE, it is challenging for NVH engineers to address even minor noise concerns without cost and mass addition. Higher boom noise is perceived in the test vehicle when driven on the coarse road at a speed of 50 kmph. The test vehicle is rear wheel driven vehicle powered by electric motor. Multi reference Transfer Path Analysis (TPA) is conducted on the vehicle to identify the path through which maximum forces are entering the body. Based on the findings from TPA, solutions like reduction in the dynamic stiffness of the suspension bushes are optimized which resulted in reduction of noise. To reduce the noise further, Operational Deflection Shape (ODS) analysis is conducted on the entire vehicle to identify the deflection shapes of all the suspension components and all the body panels like floor, roof, tailgate, dash panel, quarter panel and
S, Nataraja MoorthyRao, Manchi VenkateswaraRaghavendran, PrasathSelvam, Ebinezer
Particle Dampers (PDs) are passive devices employed in vibration and noise control applications. They consist of a cavity filled with particles that, when fixed to a vibrating structure, dissipate vibrational energy through friction and collisions among the particles. These devices have been extensively documented in the literature and find widespread use in reducing vibrations in structural machinery components subjected to significant dynamic loads during operation. However, their application in reducing the vibration of vehicle body panels as well as vehicle interior noise has received, up to now, relatively little attention. Previous work by the authors [9] has proven the effectiveness of particle dampers in mitigating vibrations in vehicle body panels, achieving a notable reduction in structure-borne noise within the vehicle cabin with an additional weight comparable to or even lower than that of bituminous damping treatments traditionally used for this purpose. This effect may be
Sanchez Climent, Francisco VicenteBertolini, Claudio
The design of lightweight vehicle structures has become a common method for automotive manufacturers to increase fuel efficiency and decrease carbon emission of their products. By using aluminum instead of steel, manufacturers can reduce the weight of a vehicle while still maintaining the required strength and stiffness. Currently, Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) is used extensively to join steel body panels but presents challenges when applied to aluminum. When compared to steel, RSW of aluminum requires frequent electrode cleaning, higher energy usage, and more controlled welding parameters, which has driven up the cost of manufacturing. Due to the increased cost associated with RSW of aluminum, Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding (RFSSW) is being considered as an alternative to RSW for joining aluminum body panels. RFSSW consumes less energy, requires less maintenance, and produces more consistent welding in aluminum as compared to RSW. Research has shown that RFSSW is capable of
Gale, DamonHovanski, YuriCoyne, JeremyNamola, Kate
Tippers used for transporting blue metal, construction and mining material is designed with different types of load body to suit the material being carried, capacity and its application. These load bodies are constructed with high strength material to withstand forces under various operating conditions. Structural strength verification of load body using FEM is conducted, by modelling forces due to payload as a pressure function on the panels of the load body. The spatial variation of pressure is typically assumed. In discrete element method (DEM) granular payload material such as gravel, wet or dry sand, coal etc., can be modelled by accounting its flow and interaction with structure of load body for prediction of force/pressure distribution. In this paper, coupled FE-DEM is used for determining pressure distribution on loading surfaces of a tipper body structure of a heavy commercial vehicle during loading, unloading and transportation. This pressure is mapped onto the load body
Sadasivam, SivasankaranLoganathan, EkambaramMahalingam, Manikandan
Thin plates buckle after applying load and return to normal position after the load is released, this process is called oil canning. Waviness in thin panels can be seen on various plates of metals. Oil canning is a major issue if panels are too thin and these panels create vibration and noise in the vehicle body panel. If the panels are wider, then there are more chances of oil canning issues. Different digital simulations and physical techniques are currently available to check the canning performance, but they required geometrical data and physical setup. In this paper machine learning (ML) approach to predict the oil canning performance is presented. This approach adds a new process to the existing process of vehicle door design, but it helps avoid the number of simulations and unwanted structural modifications at the early design stage, making it a handy and powerful tool for the designer.
Kulkarni, Prasad RameshSahu, DilipKhatavkar, AkshayHursad, Tushar HaridasPatil, SanjayBelur, Nikhil
In most cases, the properties of a metal are evaluated in their as rolled condition, prior to any work hardening or bake hardening. But in the Automotive World, these steels get work hardened during the forming process and bake hardened in the paint shop. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the variations in the performance of Dual Phase (DP) steels and understand the most optimized method of testing and property generation. This method can then be used to extrapolate to real automotive components. Dual Phase Steels or DP Steels contain a mixture of Ferrite & Martensite from which they derive their name. They are a part of the advanced high strength and ultra-high strength steels steel family according to World Auto Steels. The Ferrite phase, with its iron content contributes to the material displaying an increased level of ductility whilst, the martensitic phase provides the steel with increased mechanical strength. These two properties together enable the steel to be highly
Vegi, NischayRagothaman, Balakrishnan
In general, in-cabin booming noise is low frequency (20 Hz∼300 Hz) phenomenon which excites the cabin structure mainly due to excitations from the powertrain, exhaust system, road loads, etc. When a vehicle drives over road seams or a bumpy surface, low-frequency drumming noise is generated, causing driver discomfort. The generation of drumming noise is due to road irregularities, transferred and amplified through the vibration characteristics of the suspension, body frame, and body panels, as well as the acoustic characteristics of the vehicle interior. It is therefore difficult to take measures to get rid of drumming, after the basic vehicle construction has been finalized. The regular practice in vehicle development is finite element method (FEM) to obtain acoustical transfer functions of the body, and multi body simulation to get suspension load characteristics. The full vehicle simulation needs more time for analysis and extracting data. So traditional computational aided
Shaik Mohammad, Asif BashaM, IyyappanMR, Vikram
Water fording events are one of the most challenging situations that vehicles undergo during their lifetime. During these events the underbody components (e.g. Front fascia, Bellypan, wheel liner etc.) are subject to very high loads. Typically, vehicle water fording tests are performed for various depths of water at prescribed vehicle speeds. Water fording tests are usually carried out during the proto phase of the vehicle development program to ensure acceptable performance. If issues are discovered, making changes to the fascia or body panels are typically very expensive. To avoid late changes, a fully virtual methodology was developed to facilitate vehicle water fording performance. The simulation is targeted to evaluate multiple aspects such as air induction system and estimation of hydrodynamic loads on body panel components. This paper describes the approach for coupling CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) to evaluate the stress levels in the
Krishnan, PrathapR, SivakumarKhedkar, Milind RMahadule, Roshan NDoroudian, MarkVanarajan, Shankar
Owing to their weight saving potential and improved flexural stiffness, metal-polymer-metal sandwich laminates are finding increasing applications in recent years. Increased use of such laminates for automotive body panels and structures requires not only a better understanding of their mechanical behavior, but also their formability characteristics. This study focuses on the formability of a metal–polymer-metal sandwich laminate that consists of AA5182 aluminum alloy as the outer skin layers and polypropylene (PP) as the inner core. The forming limit curves of Al/PP/Al sandwich laminates are determined using finite element simulations of Nakazima test specimens. The numerical model is validated by comparing the simulated results with published experimental results. Strain paths for different specimen widths are recorded. The variation of the forming limit curves with different thickness combinations of the outer skins and inner layer is determined to understand the effect of skin-to
Kella, Caroline KarishmaMallick, Pankaj
The passenger car segment has been extremely competitive and automotive OEMs are thriving to provide superior customer experience. Door closing is an event that requires slamming of the door with a certain velocity to get the door latched. A good latching provides that thud sound and assurance of the door getting closed for an SUV. While the door is closed, it pushes the volume of air inside the cabin. As the amount of air moved in is proportionate to the size of the door it becomes more critical for the SUV segment of vehicles to ensure the air extraction path is efficient. Else, steep pressure rise inside the cabin causes severe discomfort to the passengers sitting inside the vehicle. Current work focused on the process of simulation of cabin pressure while door closing, implementing changes based on results and validating with test results. Test results are in close correlation with simulation predictions. Also, it emphasizes that body panel changes made to improve the airflow path
Unadkat, Siddharth BhupendraPandurangan, VenugopalSelvan, Veera
Automotive Rear Seats are designed as foldable seats to provide more luggage space to customers when the seat is unoccupied. Foldable seats are of two types, Free Standing Seats and High Latch Seats. Free standing seats are designed with recliner mechanism which allows the seat back to rotate and lock at any given position. High Latch Seats are designed with latches operated by CAMs & Springs which locks with striker wire mounted on the body or side pillars. Recliner Mechanism on free standing seat helps to rotate and lock the seat back at any position with ease. But high latch seats require higher efforts to push the seats towards the striker wire to lock. Efforts (Force in N) required to latch the seats with striker wire need to be in the operating range of customers to latch it easily. Hence latching effort calculations and study of design factors which influence the latching efforts get more importance to avoid any customer complaints at later stage. In this paper, a foldable Rear
Shanmugam, SeenuvasanMuthupandian, ArunachalamHolur, PrabhuPurnoo Munuswamy, Ravi
Automotive door seal has an important function which is used extensively where interior of the vehicle is sealed from the environment. Problem with door seal system design will cause water leakage, wind noise, hard opening or closing of doors, gap and flushness issue which impair customer’s satisfaction of the vehicle. Moreover, improper design of seal can lead to difficulty in installation of door seal on body panel. The design prudence and manufacturing process are important aspect for the functionality and performance of sealing system. However, the door sealing system involves many design and manufacturing variables. At the early design stage, it is difficult to quantify the effect of each of the multiple design variables. As there are no physical prototypes during rubber profile beading-out stages, engineers need to carry out non-linear numerical simulations that involve complex phenomena as well as static and dynamic loads for door seal. This paper presents a digital simulation
Hursad, Tushar HaridasPatil, Sanjay
Standards organizations develop standards depending on the need in the market place. With the change in vehicle design, lightweighting structures, and body panels made out of aluminum and composites, SAE’s Acoustical Materials Committee is developing a new damping standard. This standard is also very suitable in determining the damping performance of materials used in the off-highway applications, where the thickness of the steel body panel is much greater than in the automotive application. The general methodology of this standard is based on the mechanical impedance measurement method and has been developed with the general consensus of automotive engineers, suppliers, and independent test laboratories. This method is essentially based on the fact that a bar is excited at the center by a shaker. The force exerted by the shaker and the corresponding vibration is measured at that point to determine the frequency response function of the mechanical impedance signal. This paper discusses
Saha, Pranab
Laminated steel body panels are used in different applications in vehicles, such as dash panels and wheel wells. A part made out of laminated steel has the potential to provide structure-borne noise reduction and also improve the airborne noise reduction of the part compared to a monolithic part. The use of laminated steel has been more critical when there are deep draws on the part as the deep draws cause localized resonances which degrade the acoustic performance significantly. However, due to lightweighting demands, hybrid laminated panels, commonly known as acoustic patch laminates have become very attractive. This paper discusses the damping and sound transmission loss performances of a dash panel part with monolithic, laminated, and acoustic patch panels. The paper discusses the damping performance below 1000 Hz, including the data analysis process and the effectiveness of the acoustic patch laminates for both structure borne and airborne noise studies including coincidence dip
Saha, PranabPatil*, SagarFigueroa**, AntonioTelenko, Michael
Automotive Event Data Recorders (EDRs) are often utilized to determine or validate the severity of vehicle collisions. Several studies have been conducted to determine the accuracy of the longitudinal change in velocity (ΔV) reported by vehicle EDRs. However, little has been published regarding the measurement of EDRs that are capable of reporting lateral ΔVs in low-speed collisions. In this study, two 2007 Toyota Camrys with 04EDR ECU Generation modules (GEN2) were each subjected to several vehicle-to-vehicle lateral impacts. The impact angles ranged from approximately 45 to 135 degrees and the stationary target vehicles were impacted at the frontal, central, and rear aspects of both the driver and passenger sides. The impact locations on the bullet vehicles were the front and rear bumpers and the impact speeds ranged from approximately 7.9 to 16.1 km/h. Instrumentation was mounted at the approximate center of gravity (CG) of the target vehicles, as well as on the front reinforcement
Swinford, ScottJones, BrianBrink, JustinFurbish, ChristopherWelcher, JudsonAnderson, Robert
Vehicle cabin comfort emphasizes a specific image of a brand and its product quality. Low frequency powertrain induced noise and vibration levels are a major contributor affecting comfort inside passenger cabin. Thus, using hydraulic mount is a natural choice. Introduction of lighter body panels coupled with cost effective hydraulic mounts has resulted in some additional noises on rough road surfaces which are challenging to identify during design phase. This paper presents a novel approach to identify two such noises i.e. Cavitation noise and Mount membrane hitting noise based on component level testing which are validated at vehicle experimentally. These noises are encountered at 20~30kmph on undulated road surfaces. Sound quality aspect of such noises is also studied to evaluate the solution effectiveness.
Singh, VivekSeenivasan, GokulramGupta, GauravAgrawal, Adheesh
Conventionally, the automotive outer panels, giving vehicle its shape, have been manufactured from steel sheets. The outer panels are subjected to loads due to wind loading, palm-prints, person leaning on the vehicle, cart hits, and hail stones for example. Consumer awareness about these two panel characteristics: Oilcanning and Dent resistance is increased, which has been observed in recent marketing studies. Apart from perceptive quality, another factor depending on the dent performance is insurance and respective cost implications. Dents can occur due to several reasons such as object hits, parking misjudgement, hail stones etc. Phenomenon can be divided into two types, static and dynamic denting. Static dent case covers scenario wherein interaction with outer panel is mostly quasi-static. Hail stones present dynamic case where object hits a panel with certain kinetic energy. Automotive companies usually perform static dent assessment to cover all the cases. The scope of this paper
Sathaye, AshishSrivastava, DeepakShanmugam, Manivasagam
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a laboratory test procedure for measuring the random incidence sound absorption performance of a material or a part in a small size reverberation room by measuring decay rates. The absorption performance may include sound absorption coefficient of the test sample and or the amount of energy absorbed by the test sample. Materials for absorption treatments may include homogeneous materials, nonhomogeneous materials, or a combination of homogeneous, nonhomogeneous, and/or inelastic impervious materials. These materials are commonly installed in the mobility products and in the transportation systems such as ground vehicles, marine products, aircraft, and commercial industry (in industrial and consumer products) to reduce reverberant sound build-up and thus reduce the noise level in the environment by minimizing reflections off of hard surfaces. The test method described herein was developed also to describe a way to measure the absorption
Acoustical Materials Committee
The scope of this SAE Recommended Practice is restricted to the testing of original equipment on passenger vehicles and to provide for a uniform industry test procedure.
Motor Vehicle Council
ABSTRACT Corrosion damage to military ground vehicles costs the U.S. Army around $1.6B per year. A large part of that cost is related to keeping vehicles like the Stryker at their full fighting capability. Corrosion damage has been a common finding on Stryker vehicles and even light corrosion damage, which often reaches 10% of the body thickness or more, can degrade its armor protection rating and require replacement. Recently, cold spray deposition has been shown to be capable of restoring the full ballistic resistance of corrosion damaged high hard steel armor panels. These repairs can be done on-vehicle in depot facilities, using mobile high-pressure cold spray systems. This repair capability can reduce the number of entire side, roof, and floor panels that need to be cut out and re-welded in, which is the only currently approved repair operation for corrosion damage that exceeds allowable depths. Citation: V.K. Champagne, C.A. Widener, A.T. Nardi, G.D. Ferguson, “Structural Repair
Champagne, Victor K.Widener, Christian A.Nardi, Aaron T.Ferguson, Gehn D.
Specifications, test methods, and usage provisions for safety glazing materials used for glazing of motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment operating on land highways.
Glazing Materials Standards Committee
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers the design, fabrication, performance, and testing requirements for general-purpose, base-restrained, containers requiring airworthiness approval for installation/use in aircraft lower deck compartments. See 10.1 and 10.2.
AGE-2 Air Cargo
Noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) attribute is needed to be included in the vehicle structure design since improving the NVH characteristics enhances the ride quality experienced by the occupants. In this regard, an efficient method was proposed to investigate the structural dynamic response of an automotive body considering low-frequency NVH performances. Moreover, the improvement of an automotive structure under the constraint of NVH behavior was investigated by using the design of experiments (DOEs) method. The DOEs methodology was for screening of the design space and generating approximation models. Here, the thicknesses of panels consisting of a body-in-white (BIW) of an automotive were employed as design variables for optimization, whose objective was to increase the first torsional and bending natural frequencies. Central composite design (CCD) for DOEs sampling and response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to optimize the dynamic stiffness. Moreover, the effects of
Abbasi, MiladFard, MohammadKhalkhali, Abolfazl
Upper frame deflection of automobile doors is a key design attribute that influences structural integrity and door seal performance as related to NVH. This is a critical customer quality perception attribute and is a key enabler to ensure wind noise performance is acceptable. This paper provides an overview of two simulation methodologies to predict door upper frame deflection. A simplified simulation approach using point loads is presented along with its limitations and is compared to a new method that uses CFD tools to estimate aerodynamic loads on body panels at various vehicle speeds and wind directions. The approach consisted of performing external aerodynamic CFD simulation and using the aerodynamic loads as inputs to a CAE simulation. The details of the methodology are presented along with results and correlation to experimental data from the wind tunnel.
Doppalapudi, SudhakarSbeih, KhaledSrinivasan, KumarBhandarkar, Ramchandra
Two full-scale burn tests involving identical side-by-side all-terrain vehicles were conducted to evaluate fire spread, changes in temperature distributions over time, and how burn patterns correlated to the known point of origin of the fires. The fires were initiated by igniting body panels at opposite corners of the vehicles such that in one test the fire propagated downwind and, in the other, it propagated upwind. In both tests, drop-down from the body panels onto the tires resulted in ignition of the tires. This was an important feature of the mechanism of fire spread. Once the tires began to burn, a transition occurred and the rate of fire spread to the remaining portion of the vehicle increased. Although the time between fire initiation and this transition was significantly different in the two tests, the time to spread and to consume the remaining combustibles within each vehicle was relatively consistent, independent of wind direction. The variation of damage to painted
Colwell, JeffKnox, Benjamin
Understanding process induced fiber orientation distribution of composite body panels using nondestructive techniques is of prime interest. A compression molded sheet molding compound (SMC) panel is a good example of composite panels which are heavily affected by the molding process. Determination of the directionally dependent local coefficient of linear thermal expansion by digital image correlation yields information that is utilized to determine the local fiber misorientation and calculate the local SMC tensile modulus. In our current study, this methodology is utilized to determine the directional CLTE, permitting evaluation of the SMC properties in a multitude of directions not possible in destructive testing techniques. After obtaining the directionally dependent CLTE, a micromechanical approach is utilized to calculate the local SMC tensile modulus and glass fiber misorientation angle.
Newcomb, Bradley A.Kia, Hamid G.
Most of NVH related issues start from the vibration of structures where often the vibration near resonance frequencies radiates the energy in terms of sound. This phenomenon is more problematic at lower frequencies by structureborne excitation from powertrain or related components. This paper discusses a laboratory based case study where different visco-elastic materials were evaluated on a bench study and then carried on to a system level evaluation. A body panel with a glazing system was used to study both airborne and structureborne noise radiation. System level studies were carried out using experimental modal analysis to shift and tune the mode shapes of the structure using visco-elastic materials with appropriate damping properties to increase the sound transmission loss. This paper discusses the findings of the study where the mode shapes of the panel were shifted and resulted in an increase in sound transmission loss. This eventually resulted in reduced sound level inside the
Deshpande, Satyajeet P.Saha, PranabCone, Kerry
Traditionally, the damping performance of a visco-elastic material is measured using the Oberst bar damping test, where a steel bar is excited using a non-contacting transducer. However, in an effort to reduce the weight of the vehicles, serious effort is put in to change the body panels from steel to aluminum and composite panels in many cases. These panels cannot be excited using a non-contacting transducer, although, in some cases, a very thin steel panel (shim) is glued to the vibrating bar to introduce ferrous properties to the bar so it can be excited. In the off highway vehicles, although the panels are made of steel, they are very thick and are difficult to excite using the Oberst bar test method. This paper discusses a measurement methodology based on mechanical impedance measurements and has the potential to be a viable/alternate test method to the Oberst bar testing. In the impedance method, the test bar is mounted to a shaker at the center (Center Point method). The damping
Saha, Pranab
The tendency for car engines to reduce the cylinder number and increase the specific torque at low rpm has led to significantly higher levels of low frequency pulsation from the exhaust tailpipe. This is a challenge for exhaust system design, and equally for body design and vehicle integration. The low frequency panel noise contributions were identified using pressure transmissibility and operational sound pressure on the exterior. For this the body was divided into patches. For all patches the pressure transmissibility across the body panels into the interior was measured as well as the sound field over the entire surface of the vehicle body. The panel contributions, the pressure distribution and transmissibility distribution information were combined with acoustic modal analysis in the cabin, providing a better understanding of the airborne transfer. Instead of operational outdoor tests, a tailpipe simulator and indoor measurements were used which allowed a clear verification of the
Van der Linden, PeterDaenen, FrankKomada, MasashiOgawa, Hideto
A vehicle’s exterior fit and finish, in general, is the first system to attract customers. Automotive exterior engineers were motivated in the past few years to increase their focus on how to optimize the vehicle’s exterior panels split lines quality and how to minimize variation in fit and finish addressing customer and market required quality standards. The design engineering’s focus is to control the deviation from nominal build objective and minimize it. The fitting process follows an optimization model with the exterior panel’s location and orientation factors as independent variables. This research focuses on addressing the source of variation “contributed factors” that will impact the quality of the fit and finish. These critical factors could be resulted from the design process, product process, or an assembly process. An empirical analysis will be used to minimize the fit and finish deviation. Experimental approach as well as Response Surface Methodology “RSM” will be used for
Mansour, JamesJawad, BadihLiu, LipingFernandez, VernonAbro, SabahTibbenham, Jeff
Four full scale burn tests on aluminum body Ford F-150’s were conducted with four unique origins. The purpose of these burn tests was to determine if the origin of the fire could be accurately identified after the vehicle fires progressed to near complete burn (with near absence of the aluminum body panels). The points of origin for the four burn tests were: 1) Engine Compartment - driver’s side front of engine compartment, 2) Passenger Compartment - Instrument panel, driver’s side near the headlamp switch, 3) Passenger Compartment - passenger side rear seat, 4) Outside of Vehicle - passenger side front tire. Photographic, video, and temperature data was recorded to document the burn process from initiation to extinguishment. Post-fire analysis was conducted in an attempt to determine the origin of the fire based solely on the burn damage. The analysis showed that due to the lack of body structure remaining, since the aluminum body panels burned/melted, no origin could be determined
DeMarois, Paul H.Pappas, BillBallard, William G.Williams, Jeffrey R.West, Gregory
Aluminum alloys are increasingly utilized in automotive body panels and crash components to reduce weight. Accurately assessing formability of the sheet metal can reduce design iteration and tooling tryouts to obtain the desired geometry in aluminum stampings. The current ISO forming limit curve (FLC) procedure is a position dependent technique which produces the FLC based on extrapolation at the crack location. As aluminum sheet metal use increases in manufacturing, accurate determination of the forming limits of this material will be necessary prior to production. New time dependent methods using digital imaging correlation (DIC) account for variations in material behavior by continuously collecting strain data through the material necking point. This allows more accurate FLC determination that is necessary for efficient design in the automotive stamping industry. Two different time dependent FLC analysis techniques using DIC were evaluated and compared with the position dependent
Rencheck, MitchellZelenak, PaulShang, JianhuiKim, Hyunok
These guidelines are intended for those engineers and scientists who evaluate the corrosion performance of painted automotive parts in laboratory cyclic tests. The guidelines are intended to help ensure that the results of the tests can be used to reach conclusions concerning the variables under study without being confounded by the test procedure itself. The guidelines also serve as a means to assist users of this type of test in obtaining good inter-laboratory agreement of results.
Materials, Processes and Parts Council
The facilities used by domestic automotive manufacturers to provide accelerated corrosion aging of complete vehicles are described in general. The types of vehicles tested, general test methodology, and techniques used to determine test-to-field correlation are discussed. The different procedures used throughout the industry produce different results on various vehicle coatings, components, and systems. The key to successful interpretation of test results is a thorough understanding of the corrosion mechanisms involved and the effects of test limitations on these mechanisms.
Materials, Processes and Parts Council
Current generation passenger vehicles are built with several electronic sensors and modules which are required for the functioning of passive safety systems. These sensors and modules are mounted on the vehicle body at locations chosen to meet safety functionality requirements. They are mounted on pillars or even directly on panels based on specific packaging requirements. The body panel or pillar poses local structural resonances and its dynamic behavior can directly affect the functioning of these sensors and modules. Hence a specific inertance performance level at the mounting locations is required for the proper functioning of those sensors and modules. Drive point modal frequency response function (FRF) analysis, at full vehicle model for the frequency range up to 1000 Hz, is performed using finite element method (FEM) and verified against the target level along with test correlation. The arrival of acceptable inertance levels across the wide range of frequency is a highly
Arunachalam, MuthukumarArunkumar, SSampath, PraveenKumarHaiyum, AbdulKatz, Beverly
Items per page:
1 – 50 of 459