With the implementation of the "road-shift-to-rail" policy and the intensification of competition in the freight transport market, establishing a scientific and effective dynamic pricing mechanism has become a crucial factor in enhancing the competitiveness of railway freight. To address this, this paper constructs a multi-objective dynamic pricing model that comprehensively considers the interests of railway transport enterprises, shippers, and societal externalities. A new multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is designed to solve the model, and an empirical analysis is conducted based on real-world data from "road-shift-to-rail" projects. The research results indicate that the proposed method aligns closely with the current pricing practices of railway transport enterprises. For goods with low time sensitivity, greater freight rate discounts should be offered to shippers, whereas for high time-sensitive goods, the time gap between rail and road transport should be minimized.

Zhang, Hengyuan, Feng, Zhichao, Wu, Xu

Impact of Tire-Ground Contact Width on Pavement Roughness Evaluation

2025-99-0256

12/23/2025

The International Roughness Index (IRI) is a key indicator for evaluating the performance of road surfaces. However, traditional measurement methods only focus on the evaluation data of a single longitudinal section and do not consider the lateral difference between the actual contact area between the tire and the road surface, which may lead to inaccurate evaluation results. In recent years, with the advancement of 3D laser scanning and digital photogrammetry technology, full-section data acquisition has brought new possibilities for roughness evaluation. However, how to find a balance between data fineness and computing efficiency has become a core problem that needs to be solved. Based on the principle of interaction between vehicles and road surfaces, this paper proposes to include only the pavement height data within the tire width range into IRI analysis, and establishes an evaluation framework based on standard tire-ground contact width. This method not only retains the key

An, Huazhen, Wang, Rui, Han, Xiaokun, Luo, Yingchao

Design of Intelligent Lighting System for Expressway Tunnel

2025-99-0232

12/23/2025

A smart highway tunnels lighting system based on the technology of cloud platform and Internet of Things(IoTs) has been designed to address the common problems of high energy consumption and low level of intelligence in China's highway tunnel lighting system. The highway tunnel lighting system consists of four layers of architecture: platform management layer, local management layer, middle layer and terminal layer. The system collects real-time brightness, lamp brightness, traffic volume and other data outside the tunnel through various sensors deployed on site, and then uploads the collected data to the main controller through LoRa IoTs. The main controller combines the brightness calculation method of the lighting design rules to control the brightness of the tunnel lighting in real time, achieving real-time adjustment of the brightness of the tunnel LED lights and the brightness outside the tunnel, and realizing a safe and energy-saving lighting effect of "lights on when the car

Wang, Juntao, Liu, Jingyang, Liu, Yong, Feng, Xunwei

Experimental Research on MFL Detection Technology for Corrosion Damage of Prestressing Tendons in Bridges

2025-99-0203

12/23/2025

Corrosion of prestressed tendons endangers the safety of bridges, but until now, there has been no effective method to solve the problem of detecting corrosion damage in prestressed tendons of concrete beams. To address this, a magnetic flux leakage detection experimental apparatus for corrosion damage in prestressed tendons based on the principle of magnetic flux leakage inspection has been developed. Using this apparatus, magnetic flux leakage tests were conducted on prestressed tendons after electrochemical corrosion, and the results were compared with simulation analysis to conduct a comparative study. In the experiments, the influence of corrosion severity, corrosion width, and the effect of stirrups on the characteristics of the magnetic flux leakage signals were studied. Magnetic signal feature values were extracted, and a quantification neural network model for corrosion damage was established, which is used to quantify the degree of corrosion damage in prestressed tendons. The

Wang, Peng, Gao, Min, Dong, Lei, Zhu, Junliang

Risk Identification and Accompanying Information Service Design of Long Downhill Road Section

2025-99-0250

12/23/2025

In order to reduce traffic accidents and losses in long downhill sections of expressways, giving drivers reasonable prevention and control means of information induction can improve the safety of long downhill sections. The location of the accompanying information service of the driver's vehicle terminal and the rationality of the intervention information are worth studying. This study takes a high-speed long downhill road as an example, divides the risk level of the long downhill road based on the road safety risk index model, and verifies it with the help of driving behavior data. Secondly, three coverage schemes of sensing devices are designed according to the results of risk classification, and the HMI interface of accompanying information service is designed according to the different coverage degrees of sensing devices. Finally, a driving simulation experiment was carried out based on the driving simulator, and the speed control level, psychological comfort level, operational

Wang, Yuejia, Weng, Wenzhong, Luan, Sen, Dai, Yibo

Rapid Evaluation Method for Stability of Seismic-Damaged Loess Highway Slopes

2025-99-0231

12/23/2025

In response to the inefficiency, slow speed, and reliance on specialized software in traditional methods for evaluating seismic stability of loess highway slopes, a simplified rapid assessment method is proposed. Based on post-earthquake landslide investigations, geotechnical surveys, and vibration table model tests, and integrates the latest research on seismic damage mechanisms of loess slopes, the potential sliding surface of seismic damage loess slope is divided into three segments: tensile fracture, shear, and anti-sliding zones, the potential sliding mass is partitioned into three blocks, and calculate the sliding force and anti-slip force of each potential sliding block from top to bottom, when the sliding force the upper sliding body is greater than its anti-sliding force, the excess sliding force is transmitted to the lower potential sliding body, and the stability of the slope is determined based on the ratio of the anti-sliding force and the sliding force of the lowest

Pu, Xiaowu, Zhang, Lizhi, Pu, Shuya, Che, Gaofeng

Predictive Analysis of Slip Distance of Highway Loess Slopes Based on Intense Rainfall Infiltration

2025-99-0241

12/23/2025

Based on field investigations of loess slopes along highways in the Lüliang region, a numerical infiltration model of highway loess slopes was established using the ABAQUS finite element software. The study examined the time to plastic zone coalescence and variations in infiltration range under two intense rainfall scenarios for slopes of different heights. Furthermore, a landslide numerical model of the loess slope was constructed using the FEM-SPH method, and a predictive formula for landslide runout distance of highway loess slopes was derived through data fitting.The results indicate that under the same slope height, increased rainfall intensity leads to a certain degree of reduction in landslide runout distance. Conversely, under the same rainfall condition, greater slope height significantly increases the runout distance. This study provides a theoretical foundation and methodological support for stability evaluation and runout distance prediction of loess slopes under intense

Liu, Manfeng, Li, Hong

Research on Prediction Methods for the Scale of Chartered Passenger Transport Capacity

2025-99-0225

12/23/2025

Under the background of advancing the integration of urban and rural road passenger transport and the bus-oriented transformation of scheduled passenger transport, the traditional road passenger transport market has been severely impacted. There is an urgent need to promote the healthy development of chartered passenger transport to meet the public’s demand for high-quality travel. Based on the supply-demand balance theory, a prediction model for chartered passenger transport capacity scale was constructed, and the capacity scale of chartered passenger transport in a typical city was predicted as an example. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions for chartered passenger transport capacity allocation were proposed from five aspects: planning formulation, risk warning, mechanism clarification, performance evaluation, and responsibility implementation.

Zhao, Haibin, Zhao, Xiangyu, Xing, Li, Wei, Linghong, Peng, Xiao, Liao, Kai

Study on the Evaluation Indicator System of Intelligent Capacity Optimization on Highways

2025-99-0253

12/23/2025

Intelligent capacity optimization of highways could realize intelligent enhancement of traffic capacity by optimizing traffic management, improving traffic efficiency and enhancing system synergy without significantly increasing physical lanes. However, there was a lack of a unified and perfect index system to scientifically evaluate the effectiveness of such projects. This paper analyzed the basic theory, evaluation indicator structure and system, and puts forward seven key evaluation dimensions, which including traffic efficiency enhancement, traffic safety improvement, economic and cost-benefit, environmental impacts, technology application and innovation, system reliability and resilience, and service experience. This paper screened the specific evaluation indexes of the seven dimensions and proposes the hierarchical structure of the index system and the weight determination method. This paper constructed a comprehensive, multi-dimensional evaluation index system for highway smart

Che, Xiaolin, Li, Weichen, Zhu, Lili, Li, Xin, Wang, Lin

Study on Evolution of Surrounding Rock Stability and Structural Mechanical Behavior During In-Situ Expansion of Existing Tunnels in Weak Rock Mass

2025-99-0207

12/23/2025

To address the escalating traffic demands and tackle the complex mechanical challenges inherent in in-situ tunnel expansion, this study, grounded in the Huangtuling Tunnel project in Zhejiang Province, China, focuses on the stability evolution of surrounding rock and the mechanical characteristics of structures during the in-situ expansion of existing tunnels under weak surrounding rock conditions. By systematically comparing core post-excavation features—such as surrounding rock displacement fields, ground pressure distribution pat-terns, and mechanical responses of support structures—between newly constructed tunnels and in-situ expanded tunnels, the research reveals key mechanical principles governing the construction of large-section tunnels in weak rock formations. Specifically, the findings are as follows: (1) Both newly constructed and in-situ expanded large-section tunnels exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity in surrounding rock deformation. The vault-spandrel zones serve

Zheng, Xiaoqing, Kang, Xiaoyue, Xu, Kai, Chen, Tao, Huo, Xinwang, Chen, Chuan

Research on Early Warning Standard for Deformation of Surrounding Rock in Nearby New Four-Lane Tunnels

2025-99-0208

12/23/2025

Focusing on the deformation warning criteria for a new four-lane tunnel affected by an existing tunnel, this study employs numerical simulation to analyze the ultimate strain of the equivalent rock mass. The results reveal the ultimate shear strain and ultimate tensile strain of Class V surrounding rock, offering critical insights for deformation control and early warning systems. Relying on the Maaoling Tunnel Project, the tunnel planar analysis model is established based on the finite difference FLAC3D software to analyze the deformation and strain distribution pattern of the surrounding rock of the new tunnel under different distances and reduction factors between the new and the existing tunnel. Finally, the tunnel crown settlement as an indicator, the establishment of the Maaoling Tunnel V surrounding rock conditions of different distances construction safety warning standard for the construction of large-span tunnels and early warning provides the basis for the relevant

Zhang, Yufan, Tian, Wei, Liu, Dongxing, Kang, Xiaoyue, Chen, Liming, Zheng, Xiaoqing

Research Progress on Pavement Performance Prediction Models: A Review

2025-99-0249

12/23/2025

Road maintenance plays a vital role in maintaining road conditions and ensuring safety, especially in a country with an extensive road network like China. To accurately predict pavement performance, optimize maintenance strategy, reduce cost and improve road efficiency, the paper systematically combed and evaluated the prediction model of pavement performance. Firstly, the importance of pavement maintenance and the background of pavement maintenance performance prediction model are described, and explicit models (mechanical-empirical model, stochastic process, time series analysis) and machine learning models (regression analysis, support vector machine, integrated learning, artificial neural network, deep learning) are introduced respectively. The basic principle, representative study, advantages and disadvantages of each model are introduced in detail. Comparative analysis shows that the traditional explicit model is simple and effective, easy to explain, but difficult to deal with

Ma, Muyun, Dong, Qiao, Lin, Yelong

Analysis of the Structural Alignment during the System Conversion of Continuous Beam Bridges with High Piers, Long Spans and Wide Box Girders

2025-99-0224

12/23/2025

With the rapid development of the worldwide highway transportation industry, continuous box girder bridges have many advantages, such as superior spanning capacity, reasonable force-bearing performance, and low cost, which give them significant strengths in bridge design. However, to ensure that the structural alignment of the girder meets the design and specification requirements, it is necessary to study the laws of alignment changes of cantilever structures during the construction process. This is to reasonably control the alignment of the main girder structure during construction and ensure that the alignment of the completed bridge is consistent with the design alignment. This paper takes a continuous rigid frame bridge on a certain expressway as the engineering basis. Its superstructure is a three-span prestressed concrete continuous box girder with a span of (88 + 160 + 88) m, a bridge width of 16.5 m, and a maximum pier height of 130 m. The paper analyzes the influence of each

Liu, Xingshun, Ma, Kun, Zhao, Qiang

Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Half-Through Arch Bridge under Vehicle-Bridge Coupling

2025-99-0223

12/23/2025

The half-through arch bridge, known for its efficient structural design and seamless integration with the surrounding environment, is widely utilized in urban transportation infrastructure. However, during operation, the hangers of the through and half-through arch bridge are exposed to various factors, including environmental conditions and cyclic traffic loads, which often cause the hanger of these bridges to rust and fracture, will lead to structural damage or even the collapse of the entire bridge. Therefore, investigating the dynamic performance of half-through arch bridges, both before and after hanger damage, under vehicle-bridge coupling is of paramount importance for understanding the overall performance of the bridge. In this study, a half-through arch bridge was selected as the subject of investigation. A three-dimensional finite element model of the bridge was developed based on real-world engineering projects, and a numerical simulation of the vehicle-bridge coupling

Chen, Xiaobing, Ji, Wei

Study on Seismic Performance of a Prefabricated CFST Bridge Pier

2025-99-0204

12/23/2025

This paper investigates the seismic performance of the prefabricated concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) bridge pier in the bridge system-level. The proposed prefabricated CFST bridge pier is composed of circular thin-walled CFST double-column, precast I-shaped tie beams, and precast RC cap beam, which are assembled by simply on-stie assembly connections, with advantages in good seismic performance, convenient construction, and comparable material cost. A total of 12 two-span continuous beam bridge cases are designed, including 2 typical bridges with reinforced concrete (RC) piers and 10 bridges with CFST piers. Numerical research on the hysteretic performance of piers in bridge cases, dynamic responses of all bridge cases, and their seismic fragility. The results demonstrate that prefabricated CFST piers outperform RC piers in both load-bearing capacity and energy dissipation, and these piers exhibit reduced transversal displacement at the top and decreased maximum curvature when

Gu, Chao, Wang, Xuanding

Spatio-Temporal Evolution of the China-Laos Railway’s Regional Development Impact: An Integrated Index and Quantitative Analysis

2025-99-0244

12/23/2025

The China-Laos Railway (CLR), a pivotal infrastructure project under the Belt and Road Initiative, presents significant opportunities and challenges for regional development. This study assesses its evolving impact on regional development by constructing a multi-faceted “Development Index” (weighted via entropy method) and employing quantitative analyses including the Theil index, kernel density estimation (KDE), and Markov chain models (traditional and spatial). Results demonstrate that the CLR significantly accelerates overall economic growth along its route. While initial development patterns show increased concentration, reflected in a rising Theil index (0.49 to 0.56), this polarization signifies the emergence of potent growth poles, particularly in core cities. KDE analysis illustrates enhanced dynamism and a developing bimodal structure in these core areas. Crucially, spatial Markov analysis demonstrates significant positive spillovers: proximity to high-performing areas

Zhu, Yilin, Tong, Shixuan, Miao, Yingyou, Liu, Yang

Urban Mobility: A Technological Contribution to the Modeling of a Conceptual Framework in a Cyber-Physical Environment for Reducing Traffic Congestion in the Expanded Downtown Area of São Paulo

2025-36-0095

12/18/2025

Mello Filho, Luiz Vicente Figueira de, Canteras, Felippe Benavente, Meyer, Yuri Alexandre, Emiliano, William Machado, Júnior, Vitor Eduardo Molina, Gabriel, João Carlos, Iano, Yuzo

Methodology for Characterization and Measurement of Pavement Potholes

2025-36-0009

12/18/2025

Potholes pose significant challenges to road infrastructure and the automotive industry, leading to safety risks, vehicle damage, and increased maintenance costs. These road defects form due to water infiltration, freeze-thaw cycles, heavy traffic, and inadequate maintenance, creating localized depressions with well-defined edges that compromise pavement integrity. Their impact extends to vehicle durability, affecting tires, suspension systems, and chassis components. This study presents a standardized manual methodology for pothole characterization, focusing on geometry, depth, and distribution assessment. Unlike advanced techniques such as LiDAR and GPR, this cost-effective approach requires no specialized equipment, making it accessible and practical for real-world applications. The methodology involves profile measurements, lateral positioning analysis within the lane, and density calculation based on pothole concentration by square kilometers. To validate the methodology was

Arias, Caio Borges, Dedini, Franco Giuseppe, Eckert, Jony Javorski

Elevation Data Features Analysis of Vehicle Targets Detected by 4D Millimeter-Wave Radar Based on Statistical Methods

2025-99-0312

12/17/2025

Traditional traffic millimeter-wave radar can obtain the distance, speed, and azimuth angle of the vehicles driving on road plane, while lacking the elevation information of the targets which is an important feature in spatial dimension for vehicle type classification. In this paper, the statistical methods are used to analyze the elevation features of different vehicle types acquired by 4D millimeter-wave radar in actual road scenario. The statistical parameters of the overall elevation data and cross-section elevation data at different horizontal distances are calculated. Besides, the probability distributions and the skewness characteristics are further presented. The data analysis results show that there are significant differences in elevation probability distribution and skewness features between small and large vehicles, providing evidence for classification of different vehicle types using 4D millimeter-wave radar.

Jing, Mengyuan, Liu, Haiqing, Gong, Xiaolong, Guo, Fuyang

Analyzing the Operation of Road Cold Chain Transportation Using Big Data in the Context of Cost Reduction, Quality Improvement, and Efficiency Enhancement

2025-99-0303

12/17/2025

In recent years, the market size of cold chain transportation in China has been expanding, but the industry has problems such as low cold chain circulation rate, low efficiency, high damage rate, and high cost. Under the background of reducing costs and improving quality and efficiency in transportation and logistics, an index set for operational analysis covering average freight rates, daily average number of over-temperature alarm incidents, daily average driving distance, and daily average driving time was established from the perspectives of economic efficiency, quality, and efficiency. Based on data from a third-party platform, including vehicle trajectories, temperatures, speeds, and freight rates, the running situation of road cold chain transportation industry was analyzed. The analysis results show that in 2023, the average freight rate of China’s highway cold chain will rebound, the fluctuation range will significantly narrow, the standardization level of temperature control

Li, Sicong, Ye, Jing, Cao, Mengfei

Spatial Distribution Pattern and Accessibility Analysis of Hexi Corridor

2025-99-0345

12/17/2025

In order to better understand the development level and the degree of development of the transportation network in different areas of the Hexi Corridor, the accessibility of the transportation network in the Hexi Corridor is studied. Firstly, calculate the road density of each county and district in the Hexi Corridor. Then, in view of the topographic characteristics of the Hexi Corridor, introduce the shortest travel time and travel cost into the gravity model, consider the accessibility of both road and railway transportation modes between nodes, construct a comprehensive accessibility model, and analyze the spatial characteristics of the comprehensive accessibility of each county and district in the Hexi Corridor. Secondly, the gravitational model is used to analyze the economic connection intensity among the counties and districts in the Hexi Corridor. Finally, calculate the Gini coefficient, draw the Lorenz curve, and analyze the fairness of the comprehensive accessibility of the

Jiang, Ping, Mu, Haibo, Peng, Zhiwei

Lightweight Yolov5s Algorithm for On-Board Highway Asset Detection

2025-99-0328

12/17/2025

Highway asset detection is a core technology in intelligent highway maintenance. However, traditional detection algorithms face issues such as high computational complexity and the misdetection or missed detection of small targets, making them unable to meet the demands for both accuracy and real-time performance. To ensure the optimal performance of highway infrastructure, developing efficient on-board highway asset detection algorithms is essential. In this study, we applied the k-means++ clustering algorithm to re-cluster the width and height of labeled target boxes in the training set, obtaining optimal prior box sizes and addressing the issue of target size diversity. For vehicle-mounted scenarios, we adopted a lightweight network architecture, replacing the CSPDarknet53 backbone of Yolov5 with MobileNetV3-large as the main feature extraction network. Additionally, to counteract the potential decline in detection performance due to the reduced complexity of the backbone network

Zhang, Dong, Sun, Yawen, Pan, Dingyao

Empirical Study on the Evaluation of Natural Loss Standards for Liquid Petroleum

2025-99-0336

12/17/2025

As a crucial part of national strategic resources, petroleum is an important basic material for economic development. However, during the storage, loading and unloading, and transportation of bulk liquid petroleum products, unavoidable natural losses occur due to factors such as process technology and equipment. Therefore, studying the natural loss of liquid petroleum during storage and transportation, and adopting effective countermeasures to minimize the natural loss of liquid petroleum, has become a topic of focus in various fields. This paper uses the “Loss of Bulk Liquid Petroleum Products” approved in 1989 as the analysis standard to explore the natural loss of highway oil transportation, conduct statistical test analysis on oil data such as oil collection registration forms, and propose conclusions and suggestions, thereby providing a reference for the revision of oil loss standards. The experimental results show that the overall oil data meets the national standard for natural

Li, Bixin, Li, Jilai, Jin, Shifeng

Research on Floating Pricing Strategy of Railway Coal Transportation Considering the Competition of Road and Railway

2025-99-0352

12/17/2025

The market-oriented reform of railway coal transport price is a key initiative to optimize the transport structure and enhance the railway’s market share in coal transport. Based on the competitive relationship between road and railway, this paper explores the impact of the floating pricing mechanism of railway coal transport on the allocation of capacity and enterprise benefits. Firstly, we construct a model to consider the selection behaviour of highway and railway freight transport modes to reveal shippers’ choice of coal transport modes, and analyse shippers’ preference for highway and railway based on transport cost, timeliness and price elasticity; secondly, we combine railway coal transport clearing rules with market-oriented floating pricing policy, establish a pricing decision model with the goal of optimizing transport volume and carrier revenue, and quantify the full railway tariff, transport time and volume, surplus and so on. Secondly, we establish a pricing decision model

Liu, Li, Yang, Lei, Cai, Zhenghong

An Integrated Resilience Analysis Framework for Highway Tunnel Engineering Systems Using N-K-ISM Models Based on Decoupling thinking

2025-99-0364

12/17/2025

Before Highway tunnel engineering is a complex system undergoing various evolutionary stages and characterized by multiple risk factors. The increasing interconnection and coupling of these risk factors can lead to operational accidents or disruptive events. These coupling effects pose significant challenges for project managers in effectively managing highway tunnel systems. Traditional risk-centered analysis approaches, which focus on post-event effects and causes while paying less attention to the coupling effects among risk factors, inadequately address these challenges. To fill this gap, this study examined the resilience evolution mechanism from all life cycle perspective and proposed a multi-factor and multi-stage resilience analysis framework. This integrated framework integrates the Natural Killing (N-K) model and the Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) to analyze coupling utility and implement decoupling control of resilience factors. The N-K model measures the coupling

Wang, Chunyu, An, Jingru

The Design and Simulation of Absolute Priority Bus Lane Incorporating Clearance Distance

2025-99-0365

12/17/2025

To alleviate the congestion in general-purpose lanes while exclusive bus lanes remain idle, this paper proposes absolute-priority bus lane design with clearance distance. By establishing specific clearance distances and lane-changing rules, the proposed design method not only enhances overall road utilization efficiency but also ensures unimpaired bus speeds, thereby maintaining bus priority. The simulation is performed based on cellular automaton (CA) model and the results demonstrate that this design is effective when general-purpose lane traffic density ranges between 0-50 vehicles/km/lane, with greater improvements in other non-public vehicle speeds under longer bus dispatch intervals. These results provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for future bus lane management.

Wei, Liying, Yang, Nan, Gao, Chang

Development Path of Automated Rural Road Condition Detection in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture Based on Cost Analysis

2025-99-0346

12/17/2025

This study estimates the automated detection costs for rural road pavement conditions in 32 provinces across China using conventional and lightweight equipment, respectively. Assuming full automated detection coverage, the detection costs for rural roads in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture and its subordinate counties are calculated to analyze the development path of automated rural road condition detection. The results show that the average detection cost using lightweight equipment is generally lower than that using conventional equipment. Based on national average detection costs, employing lightweight equipment for automated rural road detection in Changji Prefecture could reduce fiscal expenditure by approximately CNY 770,000. It is recommended that Changji Prefecture, in promoting rural road informatization, enhance the application of lightweight automated road condition detection equipment, expand the sharing and utilization of automated detection data, and strengthen the use

Yang, Yuting, Zhang, Meng, Wang, Yajie, Li, Bing, Xu, Yongji

A Cooperative Conflict-Free Algorithm for Autonomous Vehicles at Unsignalized Intersections Based on Incremental Learning Monte Carlo Tree Search

2025-99-0434

12/10/2025

The paper examines how connected automated vehicles (CAVs) can navigate unsignalized intersections—especially those where major roads differ significantly from minor roads. The proposed method uses an improved incremental learning Monte Carlo Tree Search to quickly determine an optimal passing order for vehicles, adjusting in real time based on road conditions and vehicle states. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this approach achieves conflict-free, real-time cooperative, reducing average delays significantly compared to traditional traffic signal control. Compared to fully-actuated signal control, the proposed method achieves average delay reductions of 19.92s, 16.46s, and 15.47s for CAVs across varying demand patterns. The practical application of this research lies in its potential to enhance traffic efficiency in urban areas by replacing traditional signal-based control with intelligent, autonomous intersection management. This could lead to reduced congestion, lower fuel

Xue, Yongjie, Gao, Feng, Feng, Qiang, Cui, Shaohua

Impact of Maximum Platoon Size of Connected and Automated Vehicles on Safety of On-Ramp Mixed Traffic

2025-99-0454

12/10/2025

This study investigates how the maximum platoon size (MaxPS) of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) influences traffic safety within mixed traffic environment on freeway on-ramps. Built upon the SUMO simulation framework, a mixed traffic flow model involving CAV platoons is developed for on-ramp scenarios. This paper examines traffic conditions under varying on-ramp inflow volumes and evaluates upstream speed fluctuations in the merging area. Safety indicators such as Time Exposed Time-to-Collision (TET) and Time-Integrated time-to-Collision (TIT) are employed to assess overall traffic safety. Additionally, collision types are analyzed. Results indicate that under low on-ramp inflow conditions, a moderate MaxPS with low CAV penetration rates significantly enhances safety, whereas a larger MaxPS is preferable with high penetration rates. Under moderate on-ramp inflow, limiting the CAV MaxPS to 2 reduces conflicts. As on-ramp inflow increases further, a MaxPS of 1 or 2 leads to a

Pan, Gongyu, Huang, Yujie, Xie, Junping

Research on the Evaluation System for the Digital Transformation Level of Traffic Infrastructure in the National Integrated Multi-Dimensional Transportation Network

2025-99-0417

12/10/2025

The traffic infrastructure of the National Integrated Multidimensional Transportation Network is a crucial foundational support for building a strong transportation country and a key element in the digital transformation strategy of transportation. This paper focuses on the National Integrated Multi-dimensional Transportation Network and, covering the five sectors of railways, highways, waterways, civil aviation, and postal express, proposes a digital evaluation system for transportation infrastructure. By using an indicator system for the digitalization rate, the study constructs a digitalization rate indicator system for transportation infrastructure through methods such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Historical data from 2013 to 2022 are used for analysis and evaluation. Based on the evaluation results, effective measures and recommendations for the digital transformation of transportation infrastructure are proposed.

Wang, Na, Liu, Na

Traffic Multi-Object Detection Method Based on YOLOv10n

2025-99-0459

12/10/2025

To address the challenges of balancing detection accuracy and real-time performance in complex traffic scenarios for vehicle-mounted embedded platforms and road monitoring, this paper proposes YOLOv10n-FTAS, an optimized lightweight detection framework based on YOLOv10n. The main innovations include: (1) Designing a C2f-Faster-EAMA module in the backbone network that enhances feature representation through channel-spatial cooperative attention mechanisms; (2) Proposing a novel statistics-enhanced attention mechanism (Token Statistics-enhanced PSA, TS-PSA) by integrating Token Statistics Self-Attention; (3) Constructing a Dynamic Sample-Attention Scale Fusion module (DS-ASF) that achieves multi-scale feature fusion through deformable convolution and adaptive sampling strategies; (4) Adopting Shape-IoU loss function with geometric constraints to optimize bounding box regression. Experimental results demonstrate: The improved model reduces parameters and computations to 5.5M and 5.8G

Niu, Jigao, Jin, Kunming

Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension Optimization for Mining Explosion-Proof Vehicles in Underground Coal Mines

2025-99-0106

11/11/2025

This study investigates the critical factors influencing the performance of hydro-pneumatic suspension systems (HPSS) in mining explosion-proof engineering vehicles operating in complex underground coal mine environments. To address challenges such as poor ride comfort and insufficient load-bearing capacity under harsh mining conditions, a two-stage pressure HPSS was analyzed through integrated numerical modeling and field validation. A mathematical model was established based on the structural principles of the suspension system, focusing on key parameters including cylinder bore (195–255 mm), piston area (170–210 mm), damping orifice diameter (7–8 mm), check valve flow area, and accumulator configurations (low-pressure: 1.2 MPa, high-pressure: 6 MPa). Experimental trials were conducted in active coal mines, simulating typical mining scenarios such as uneven road surfaces (120 mm obstacles), heavy-load gangue transportation, and confined-space operations in thin coal seams (<1.5 m

Song, Yan, Liang, Yufang

Multimodal Intelligent Transportation Data Fusion and Application Methods in Heavy-Duty Vehicles

2025-99-0139

11/11/2025

Heavy-duty commercial vehicles (HDCVs) are the key mobile nodes in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). However, their complex operating conditions and the diversity of data sources (such as road conditions, driver behavior, traffic signals, and on-board sensors) present considerable difficulties for accurately estimating the state and perceiving the environment using a single modality of data. This requires effective multi-modal data fusion to enhance the control and decision-making capabilities of HDCVs. This paper addresses this need by proposing a customized multi-modal intelligent transportation data fusion framework for intelligent HDCVs. This paper presents a solution for establishing a multi-modal intelligent transportation data collection platform, including real-scene collection methods and simulation scene collection methods based on the SUMO-MATLAB joint simulation platform. Through three representative case studies, the application methods of multi-modal traffic data

Chen, Zhengxian, Wang, Shaoqi, Jiang, Huiming, Zhou, Fojin, Wang, Mingqiang, Li, Jun

Investigation of Driving Characteristics for Road Alignments with High Traffic Accident Rates on Hilly and Mountainous Roads Using a Motorcycle Simulator

2025-32-0035

11/03/2025

Single motorcycle accidents are common in Nagano Prefecture where is mountainous areas in Japan. In a previous study, analysis of traffic accident statistics data suggested that the fatality and serious injury rates for uphill right curves and downhill left curves are high, however the true causes of these accidents remain unclear. In this study, a motorcycle simulator was used to evaluate the driving characteristics due to these road alignments. Evaluation courses based on combinations of uphill/downhill slopes and left/right curves were created, and experiments were conducted. The subjects of the study were expert riders and novice riders. The results showed that right curves are even more difficult to see near the entrance of the curve when accompanied by an uphill slope, making it easier to delay recognition and judgment of the curve. Expert riders recognized curves faster than novice riders. Additionally, expert riders take a large lean of the vehicle body, actively attempted to

Kuniyuki, Hiroshi, Katayama, Yuta, Kitagawa, Taisei, Numao, Yusuke

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