Browse Topic: Flotation

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Individual Inflatable Life PreserverAS1354 (Current)11/21/2024
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides the minimum design and performance requirements for individual, inflatable life preservers, divided into six categories: “Adult,” “Adult-Child,” “Child,” “Infant-Small Child,” “Adult-Child-Infant-Small Child,” and “Demonstration.”
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Rationale for Replacement of Pyrotechnic Signaling Devices in Survival Kits on Transport Category Aircraft Life Rafts and Slide-RaftsAIR5690A (Current)11/16/2023
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) identifies the risks and dangers associated with the carriage and use of pyrotechnic signaling devices in transport category aircraft life rafts and slide/rafts, and provides a rationale for allowing the use of alternative non-pyrotechnic devices authorized by FAA/TSO-C168. These devices offer an equivalent level of safety while eliminating flight safety risks, enhancing survivability of aircraft ditching survivors, reducing costs, eliminating dangerous goods transportation and handling issues, and reducing environmental impact of dangerous goods disposal.
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Passenger Safety Information SystemARP1384E (Current)6/5/2023
These recommendations are to aid the international air transport industry by identifying a standard, minimum amount of safety instructions and procedures that should be provided in the PSIS. Aircraft operators are encouraged to customize the PSIS to their own operations. This document also provides recommendations for: a Passenger safety information briefings and associated materials, b Demonstration emergency equipment, c Ensuring passenger suitability for those seated in exit seats, d The standardization of safety briefings for passengers seated at exits who may be responsible for opening exits on transport aircraft during an emergency, and e A standardized protective brace position to reduce the severity of injury during severe turbulence, rapid deceleration, or a sudden impact. In addition, these recommendations pertain to briefings on aircraft on which the cabin crew would conduct the exit seat briefing, and to briefings on aircraft without cabin crew, on which pilots would conduct the briefing.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
Emergency, Instruction, and Information Placards - Internal and ExternalARP577F (Current)8/5/2022
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) specifies criteria for the design, development, standardization, and comprehension testing of placards containing pictures, drawings, symbols, and/or written instructions for locating and operating aircraft emergency equipment. This ARP also provides guidance in the selection and implementation of warning placards intended to instruct occupants inside, and rescue personnel outside, the aircraft.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
Cabin Crew StationsARP583K (Historical)3/16/2022
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides guidance for the design and location of cabin crew stations, including emergency equipment installations at or near such stations, so as to enable the cabin crew to function effectively in emergency situations, including emergency evacuations. Recommendations regarding design of cabin crew stations apply to all such stations; recommendations regarding location apply to those stations located near or adjacent to floor level exits.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
Safety Considerations of Carry-On Baggage Relating to the Emergency Evacuation of Transport Category AircraftARP4072A (Current)5/20/2021
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides information and recommended guidelines for handling carry-on baggage prior to emergencies and during the emergency evacuation of transport category aircraft. Recommendations are provided on limiting the size, amount, and weight of carry-on baggage brought into the cabin, improved stowage of carry-on baggage to minimize hazards to passengers in flight and during emergency evacuations, and procedures to ensure carry-on baggage is not removed during an emergency evacuation.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
Aviation Visual Distress Signals (AVDS)AS5134C (Current)8/25/2020
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides minimum performance and design standards for a handheld, high-intensity, flashing Aviation Visual Distress Signal (AVDS) based on light-emitting-diode (LED) technology operating simultaneously in visible (white) and near infrared (NIR) spectra designed to facilitate location and rescue of aviation accident/ditching survivors in open sea conditions.
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Survivor Locator LightsAS4492A (Current)8/25/2020
This document covers survivor locator lights as follows: a Steady type lights (Type I) b Flashing-type lights (Type II)
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Individual Inflatable Life PreserversARP1354B (Current)3/18/2019
This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides criteria for operational characteristics to be considered in the design of individual, inflatable life preservers intended for air transport safety.
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Life RaftsARP1356B (Current)5/21/2013
This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes criteria for the design and performance of aircraft life raft devices which will ensure their rapid and effective use as a flotation device in a water landing. This document is not intended to specify particular design methods, mechanisms, or equipment to be used to accomplish the objectives established herein.
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Tiltrotor Aircraft Flotation Stability SimulationVFS-F67-0002985/3/2011
For rotorcraft emergency water landings, Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) paragraph 29.801 specifies ditching certification requirements to minimize the probability of immediate injury to or escape provisions for the occupants. Currently, rotorcraft flotation behavior is determined for symmetrical regular waves and at specified sea states by scalemodel tests. The cost and development time associated with scale-model testing is relatively expensive and encumbered with scaling error. This paper presents the state-of-the-art tiltrotor aircraft flotation stability simulation methodology developed at Bell Helicopter based on the multi-material Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) technique in LS-Dyna®. The methodology is validated by correlating with the existing BA609 tiltrotor scale-model test data. It is demonstrated that the developed analytical tool is capable of simulating (or "virtual-testing") the tiltrotor flotation (i.e., buoyancy and stability) phenomena correctly subjected to a Sea State 4 hydrodynamics wave condition.
Tho, Cheng-Ho, Smith, Michael
Personal Watercraft—FlotationJ1973_200808 (Historical)8/5/2008
This SAE Standard applies to personal watercraft as defined in Section 3.
Personal Watercraft Committee
Biological Degradation of Spent De-Icing Fluids in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant – Experiences and Challenges2007-01-33499/24/2007
Oslo Airport Gardermoen (OSL) is situated over a ground water reservoir, and collection and handling of spent de-icing fluids is therefore of major importance. OSL have chosen to handle low- and medium strength spent fluids in cooperation with a nearby municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Medium strength fluid is used as a carbon source for nitrogen removal, and thus used as a resource. Low strength fluid is pre-treated in an aerobic biofilm reactor before it is routed to the plant inlet. Prior to the choice of solution for disposal of the fluids, investigations were performed in laboratory and pilot scale. The efficiency of the fluid as a carbon source for denitrification was studied in parallel with ethanol and methanol as well documented carbon sources. The achieved denitrification rates were comparable with those achieved with methanol, while the necessary addition of carbon source was slightly higher for spent de-icing fluid than for methanol. The treatment plant has been operating for almost 9 years, with operational results confirming the spent de-icing fluid to be appropriate as a carbon source. The possible toxicity and low degradability of some of the additives were particular concerns, and was studied for both aerobic and anaerobic biological processes. While the rather toxic fatty alcohol ethoxylate was easily biodegradable when sufficiently diluted, the additives benzotriazole and sodium petroleum sulphonate were hardly or not biodegradable. The latter two additives were therefore substituted. The laboratory scale results were confirmed in full scale prior to this substitution. The pre-treatment of the low strength spent deicing fluid in an aerobic biofilm reactor followed by coagulation and dissolved air flotation was tested in laboratory and pilot scale. The pre-treatment produces water suitable for discharge to the biological stage at the municipal WWTP. This technical solution is implemented, with operational results confirming that this integrated treatment of spent de-icing fluids in a WWTP is a good solution.
Hem, Lars J., Rusten, Bjørn, Skjefstad, Jostein
A Hypothetical Tyre Size to improve Tyre Flotation on Sandy Soil Using Artificial Neural Networks Technique2007-01-36438/5/2007
The main aim of this paper is to optimize pneumatic tyre parameters related that improve tyre flotation and performance on sandy soils. Tyre flotation pressure is the pressure of inflation that makes tyre flotation maximum such that it deforms more than it sinks in the soil. A second aim is to predict the tyre flotation pressure on dry sandy soil by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) Technique. A third aim is to predict a new tyre size that improves flotation on dry sand by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) Technique. Experimental investigation has been carried out on three tubeless tyre of sizes (225/75R15, 235/70R15 and 255/60R15) inflated each with four inflation pressures (50, 100, 150 and 200 kPa) on three dry sand with three densities (Loose, Medium, and High). The investigation aimed at determines the tyre deflection-load, sinkage-load relationships were measured and the tyre flotation pressure. The artificial neural network (in MATLAB program) simulating the tyre deflection and sinkage on dry sand was used for all tyre and soil parameters. The artificial neural network demonstrated good generalization of the tyre deflection and sinkage when presented with data not used in network training. It also successfully proved to be a tool for finding out hypothetical tyre sizes that are suitable for locomotion on specific soils.
Emam, M. A. A., Shaaban, S., El-Nashar, M. A., El-Bassiouni, Abdel Aziz M.
Hybrid Inflatable Pressure VesselTBMG-292344/1/2004
Figure 1 shows a prototype of a large pressure vessel under development for eventual use as a habitable module for long spaceflight (e.g., for transporting humans to Mars). The vessel is a hybrid that comprises an inflatable shell attached to a rigid central structural core. The inflatable shell is, itself, a hybrid that comprises (1) a pressure bladder restrained against expansion by (2) a web of straps made from high-strength polymeric fabrics. On Earth, pressure vessels like this could be used, for example, as portable habitats that could be set up quickly in remote locations, portable hyperbaric chambers for treatment of decompression sickness, or flotation devices for offshore platforms. In addition, some aspects of the design of the fabric straps could be adapted to such other items as lifting straps, parachute straps, and automotive safety belts.
Hybrid Aerial/Rover VehicleTBMG-9603/1/2003
A proposed instrumented robotic vehicle called an "aerover" would fly, roll along the ground, and/or float on bodies of liquid, as needed. The aerover would combine features of an aerobot (a robotic lighter-than-air balloon) and a wheeled robot of the "rover" class. An aerover would also look very much like a variant of the "beach-ball" rovers described in "Lightweight 'Beach- Ball' Robotic Vehicles" (NPO-20283), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 22, No. 7 (July 1998), page 74. Although the aerover was conceived for use in scientific exploration of Titan (the largest moon of the planet Saturn), the aerover concept could readily be adapted to similar uses on Earth.
Survival Kit - Life Rafts and Slide/RaftsARP1282A (Historical)8/1/2000
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes the minimum contents of and suggested supplements for survival kits for transport category airplanes flying over water areas during airline service.
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Stowage of Cabin Emergency Flotation EquipmentARP496C (Historical)3/1/2000
The scope of this Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to establish the criteria for aircraft installations which shall ensure rapid and effective use of emergency flotation equipment in the event of ditching.
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
An In-Field Transport System for High-Value Crops1999-01-28319/14/1999
A prototype in-field transport system for high-value crops was designed and built. This system carries a semi-trailer upon two rubber-tracked undercarriages. A mechanism was designed for timely assembly and disassembly of the system. A set of field experiments was conducted to compare the sinkage, motion resistance, and drawbar forces of the rubber-track versus the current pneumatic-tire system. Increased flotation was observed with the prototype system. The motion resistance of the track system was less than or greater than that of the pneumatic-tire system depending on the soil condition. The prototype met performance objectives during assembly, operation, and disassembly of the system.
Winger, Matthew L., Ess, Daniel R., Gibson, Harry G.
Cylinders, Carbon Dioxide Filled, TechnicalAS6011 (Current)4/1/1999
This specification covers the requirements for the procurement of three types of puncturable-seal carbon dioxide filled cylinders.
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Landing Gear Development for Aircraft Exceeding One Million Pounds94212410/1/1994
Despite present day economic uncertainty, an increase in the future demands for air travel is anticipated by the worlds' leading commercial aircraft manufacturers. This is resulting in many design investigations of aircraft with gross take-off weights ranging from 900,000lb to 1,600,000lb. Assuming that current marketing predictions to be correct, and the available power plants being sufficient to satisfy the flight efficiency and range requirements, the most formidable challenge to the success of such large and heavy aircraft may well exist on the ground. Existing military aircraft, which may have take-off weights higher than 1,600,000lb. will not be compared in this document. This is due to the possible lower life cycle expectancy of military landing gear, and differences in runway strength and maintenance of military airfields. In the commercial arena, the largest, and one of the most successful aircraft, is the Boeing 747-400. (873,000lb) This aircraft has been acknowledged by many airlines, to have acceptable “flotation” and “maneuverability” performance, at least for the more modern airports. The word “flotation” is a name given to the aircraft/runway strength relationship. “Maneuverability” is the name given to the ability of the aircraft to turn on the ground. These issues have adverse affects on one another. In order to meet flotation requirements, widely spread main wheels and gear arrangements are needed, which can drastically increase the “reluctance to turn” of the aircraft. This problem is magnified when a fore and aft “stagger” between the main gears is a feature of the aircraft. (eg: Boeing 747). It would appear appropriate therefore, that all future large aircraft be equal to, or better than the 747-400 with regard to both flotation and maneuverability.
Ralph, Harry C.
LIFE RAFTSARP1356A (Historical)7/1/1994
This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes criteria for the design and performance of aircraft life raft devices to ensure their rapid and effective use as a flotation device in a water landing. This document is not intended to specify particular design methods, mechanisms, or equipment to be used to accomplish the objectives established herein.
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
STOWAGE OF FLIGHT CREW'S SURVIVAL, EMERGENCY AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENTARP917 (Historical)5/1/1993
This recommended practice sets forth general specifications for the location, accessibility and restraint for those items of survival, emergency, and miscellaneous equipment which are intended to be used by the operating flight crew, and which are stowed on or near the flight deck.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
STOWAGE OF FLIGHT CREW'S SURVIVAL, EMERGENCY AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENTARP917A (Historical)5/1/1993
This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) sets forth general specifications for the location, accessibility and restraint for those items of survival, emergency, and miscellaneous equipment which are intended to be used by the operating flight crew, and which are stowed on or near the flight deck.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
Stability and Maneuverability Problems of ATVs9119449/1/1991
All-Terrain Vehicles, usually called ATVs, are small motorized vehicles operating on three, four, or five low-pressure, high flotation tires that are “designed” for off-road use on a variety of terrains. As the use of these ATVs increased through the 1980's, the number of accidents resulting in serious injuries and deaths associated with A N use increased dramatically. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) along with other surveys have estimated that one out of every 25 ATVs being used will be involved in an accident requiring professional medical attention. These problems led to the federal government working out an agreement with the major manufacturers of these vehicles. One aspect of the agreement was that there would be safety and stability standards that all ATVs would have to meet to be sold in this country. An analysis of some of the safety, steering, and stability problems of ATVs is presented along with an examination of the current American National Standard Institute (ANSI)/Specialty Vehicle Institute of America (SVIA) standards for ATVs.
Wright, Robert R., Carpenter, Thomas G., Johnson, Frank H., Nelson, Randy
PASSENGER SAFETY VIDEO BRIEFINGSARP4192 (Historical)6/13/1991
These recommendations provide the air transportation industry with the minimum amount of safety instructions that should be given to passengers via a video briefing. Airlines are encouraged to customize the safety presentations for their own operations.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
PASSENGER SAFETY INFORMATION CARDSARP1384B (Historical)6/1/1991
These recommendations are to aid the air transport industry in providing standard passenger safety information cards for use on commercial passenger carrying aircraft.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
PASSENGER CABIN EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT STOWAGEARP997 (Historical)5/10/1991
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
OFF-ROAD TIRE AND RIM SELECTION AND APPLICATIONJ1315_199101 (Historical)1/1/1991
This SAE Standard provides general guidelines for the proper selection and application of off-road tires and rims; as defined in SAE J751 APR86; and applied to earthmoving machines described in SAE J1116 JUN86 and J1057 JUN81.
MTC8, Tire and Rim
Report of the SAE A-9 Act Hoc Committee on Flotation Platforms88153810/1/1988
This paper documents the activities, meetings, and conclusions of the SAE S-9 Ad Hoc Committee on Flotation Platforms from its formation in late 1986 through the submittal of this paper to the S-9 Cabin Safety Committee. The Ad Hoc Committee was charged with the development of an Aerospace Information Report (AIR) on the integration of the flotation platform concept into a redefined commercial airline overwater safety environment. This paper is offered in lieu of the AIR as the product of the Ad Hoc Committee. Its intent is to summarize the significant issues, points of view, and concerns surrounding the flotation platform concept, and its application in redefining commercial airline overwater safety equipment requirements. An Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP No. 1830) defining flotation platforms has previously been drafted by the S-9 Committee, but is being held pending the AIR that would define the use of such equipment.
Leegate, Gary
Causes of Compaction: Relationships Among Machine Load, Induced Pressure, and Degree of Soil Saturation87201311/1/1987
A background review of soil compaction processes is presented and theoretical relationships among loads, pressures and soil moisture are discussed. Research directions and needs for the future are outlined. THE EFFECT OF SOIL COMPACTION, especially below normal tillage depths, is a major agricultural concern today. In general, heavy axle loads on moist soil is the primary cause of excessive compaction, But important questions remain: How heavy? How wet? Do low pressure high flotation tires help?
Reeder, Randall C., Carpenter, Thomas G.
Alternate Launch and Recovery Surface Traction Characteristics86162710/1/1986
The rapid repair of bomb-damaged runways is of increasing concern to the U.S. Air Force, therefore, expedient repair concepts are being developed. Aircraft performance effects imposed by the repair treatments include: tire flotation, aircraft weight, landing dynamics, and the forces generated at the tire/runway surface interface. This study focuses on tire/runway surface interface forces and was initiated to evaluate several surfaces with respect to their relative tractive and lateral force potential. Three damage repair surface materials, a baseline concrete surface, and a ceramic aluminized marking strip were tested. Quasi-static tests were run at seven tire yaw angles, with and without braking under dry, wet, and icy conditions.
Carter, Thomas J., Treanor, David H., Lewis, Martin D.
Controlled Traffic: A Soil Compaction Management Concept8607314/1/1986
Since World War II, soil compaction problems have spread from the southeastern states to include most of the country to some degree. Subsoil compaction has increased as equipment size increased. Research has shown that subsoil compaction is primarily a function of total load on the traction device. Research has also shown the importance of the shape of the traction device for traction, flotation, or soil compaction. Another principle of soil machine relations is the critical reaction of a tilled soil to the first pass of a tire. Efforts which were begun to eliminate soil compaction have been expanded to completely manage traffic-induced soil compaction. Soil compaction can be very detrimental in the root zone and very beneficial in the traffic lane. Controlled traffic is a compaction management concept that can provide the conditions desired for crop production systems.
Taylor, James H.
Aircraft Flotation Analysis-Current Methods and Perspective85193610/1/1985
The objective of this paper is to inform the aircraft flotation analyst of the currently acceptable methods of calculating flotation, to show how those methods relate to each other, and to discuss the flotation classification (ACN-PCM) that is on the threshold of acceptance. Worldwide, some sixteen methods of calculating flotation are currently in use. This creates confusion for the procuring agencies, aircraft companies, and airport authorities. The International Civil Aviation Organization has addressed this problem by advocating universal use of the LCG method, later the LCG method, and now the ACN-PCN classification. However, many analyses are still being made using methods such as PCA and 5-77-1. This paper defines flotation terminology and flotation parameters such as single wheel load, radius of relative stiffness, surface type, subgrade and surface fatigue. It summarizes the analysis methods (both old and new) and compares the LCG and LCG methods. Recommended analysis methods are listed, categorizing them for commercial and military usage, by military service to be satisfied, and by the type of runway. Obsolete methods are listed, with appropriate discussion of superseding documents. Finally, the correct usage and limitations of flotation analysis are reviewed-emphasizing that the calculated values should be considered as relative numbers rather than absolute values.
Currey, Norman S.
Forestry Tire Selection For Optimal Skidder Performance8507664/1/1985
Usage of flotation and dual tires on log skidders is increasing in popularity. This paper covers the effect that these two concepts have on optimizing the performance of the machine and their benefits to the end user.
Jensen, Lawrence A., Klaas, Roger N.
PASSENGER SAFETY INFORMATION CARDSARP1384A (Historical)9/1/1983
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
STOWAGE OF CABIN EMERGENCY FLOTATION EQUIPMENTARP496B (Historical)11/1/1982
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
PASSENGER CABIN EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT STOWAGEARP997A (Historical)3/1/1981
This ARP covers stowage of all portable cabin emergency equipment, such as oxygen bottles/masks, fire extinguishers, first aid kits, megaphones, flashlights, axes, life rafts, survival kits, life preservers, etc. The following criteria are recommended as general provisions in conjunction with the current applicable Federal Aviation Administration requirements.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
COMBINATION EVACUATION SLIDE/RAFTARP1146A (Historical)8/1/1980
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
LIFE RAFTSARP1356 (Historical)2/1/1979
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
PASSENGER EVACUATION DEVICES - CIVIL AIR TRANSPORTARP495B (Historical)12/15/1978
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
The Application of the Federal Boat Safety Act to Boat and Associated Equipment Manufacturers7807432/1/1978
The Federal Boat Safety Act gave the United States Coast Guard authority to require boatbuilders and marine equipment manufacturers to comply with safety regulations in the design and construction of their products. Since 1972, regulations have been published with requirements for safe powering, safe loading, flotation, fuel systems, electrical systems and compartment ventilation. These regulations have increased the cost of the products, changed some business practices, affected the public image of marine manufacturers and improved the safety of recreational boating.
Coulter, J. E., Gray, Lysle B.
INDIVIDUAL INFLATABLE LIFE PRESERVERSARP1354 (Historical)1/1/1976
S-9 Cabin Safety Provisions Committee
ATV Flotation Tires7207652/1/1972
Flotation tires on all-terrain vehicles (ATV) are an essential component for good, overall off-the-road mobility. Water displacement by the large volume tires provide additional buoyancy for amphibious vehicles. The large contact area of the deflected tire provides low ground pressure for flotation on soft ground. ATV tires are a special breed of tires with design features for better mobility such as carcass flexibility, wide tire section, and special tread design.
Pules, M. L, Eves, D. J.
Design of the Hyster C610 Self-Propelled Vibratory Compactor7207712/1/1972
The Hyster C610A represents a unique concept in self-propelled vibratory compactors. A single trunnion mounted high flotation drive-steer tire was the basis for achieving major design objectives of improved traction and maneuverability. Hydrostatics has been employed throughout for transmission of engine power. Required for the new design concept was a rotary hydraulic union with capacity for 50 gpm and 4700 psi. Problems related to the hydrostatic transmission, drive tire, and controls were solved, resulting in a durable and efficient compaction tool.
Herbst, George D.
Traction and Flotation Characteristics of Earthmover Tires on Soft Soil7207432/1/1972
The problems due to the soft soil often found at job sites in Japan call for a tire superior in traction and flotation to be used on wheel-type earthmovers. We have developed several types of experimental tires by applying various theories about such influences on the characteristics of tires as configuration of the tire, internal structure, and design of the tread. Tests on such experimental tires have been conducted with a new machine for evaluating the traction and flotation of earthmover tires. After careful experimentation and testing, we formulated a theory, which is a slight modification of Bekker's experimental formula, and this theory has been proved to be applicable to common practices in the field.
Satake, Masatoshi, Mukai, Tsuneo
EMERGENCY FLOTATION EQUIPMENTARP496A (Historical)7/1/1970
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
COMBINATION EVACUATION SLIDE/LIFE RAFTARP1146 (Historical)7/1/1970
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
PASSENGER ESCAPE DEVICES - CIVIL AIR TRANSPORTARP495A (Historical)8/15/1969
S-9A Safety Equipment and Survival Systems Committee
Air Freight An Engineering Challenge6904002/1/1969
This paper challenges the engineering fraternity to develop solutions to immediate and future problems in the airline industry and to take the initiative in developing better means of doing current jobs. Some programs that American Airlines and other air carriers are currently testing are discussed, including an air flotation system for freight container movement and use of linear induction motors to power rails for baggage cart movement. Current jet freighters can carry approximately 80,000 lbs. of cargo. There are current problems related to this massive cargo movement which require solutions, but there will be even greater problems in the immediate future when jumbo jets carrying upwards of 300,000 lbs. of cargo are in operation. Some of the problems yet to be faced include the lack of real estate for freight terminals on the airport proper, methods of loading large cargo containers, development of intermodal containers and implementation of computerized bookkeeping methods.
Lambert, R. F.
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