Browse Topic: Aircraft propulsion systems

Items (4,435)
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This Aerospace Standard (AS) provides the general requirements for hydraulic components that are used in military aircraft and missile hydraulic systems.
A-6A2 Military Aircraft Committee
The Dual Throat Nozzle (DTN) is a unique nozzle configuration that enables fluidic thrust vectoring (FTV), improving aircraft maneuverability while reducing the mechanical complexity of traditional vectoring systems. In this study, a two-dimensional DTN was developed based on a validated NASA Langley model, incorporating a newly designed plenum geometry guided by area expansion ratio principles. Numerical simulations were carried out in ANSYS Fluent using a density-based, steady-state solver with the SST k–ω turbulence model to capture key compressible flow features such as shock waves, flow separation, and jet deflection. Secondary injection rates were determined using choked-flow relations, and a 12-case parametric study was conducted to analyze the effects of Nozzle Pressure Ratio (NPR), injection rate, and injection angle on thrust deflection and efficiency. The simulation results at NPR = 4 with 3% injection showed strong agreement with NASA experimental data, validating the
Suresh, VigneshM, AkashSenthilkumar, NikilSundararaj, SenthilkumarA, Garry KiristenSingh, Swaraj
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is written for individuals associated with the ground-level testing of large and small gas turbine engines and particularly for those who might be interested in constructing new or adding to existing engine test cell facilities.
EG-1E Gas Turbine Test Facilities and Equipment
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes the requirements for AS3504 and AS3505 thin wall self-locking inserts made from a corrosion and heat resistant, age hardenable nickel base alloy of the type identified under the Unified Numbering System as UNS N07718.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This document discusses, in broad and general terms, the subject of acoustical considerations in engine test cells. One of the primary purposes of an engine test cell is to control the noise emanating from the operating engine in order to reduce noise in the surrounding facility and community to acceptable levels. This is done by the design and installation of specialized acoustic elements and features, which need to be fully integrated into the overall test cell design. It should be further noted that the requirements of acoustic control are critical to the proper operation of the engine, safety of plant equipment and personnel, and meeting local and legal noise requirements.
EG-1E Gas Turbine Test Facilities and Equipment
This document addresses AS8879 thread inspection issues relating to selection, usage and capability of gages. It addresses the selection of calibrated measurement gages, the need for defined quality metrics, the methodology of determining the appropriate guardband factors, and the minimum inspection requirements for single element pitch diameter gages. Users of this document shall apply the information described herein for the evaluation of the capability of their measurements based on the measurement consumer risk. It involves the analysis of the measurement (product) distribution and biases of both the product and measurement system distributions. It protects the consumer from the worst case distribution results. A whitepaper has been developed to provide supporting documentation and the rationale used in the development of this standard. This whitepaper will be published by the SAE as an Aerospace Information Report (AIR6553). This document recommends the use of ASME B1.2 “Gages and
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This procurement specification covers inserts made from A286 alloy (UNS S66286) which have self-locking internal threads and integrated locking keys to positively secure the insert against rotation when properly installed in threaded holes.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This document addresses measurement uncertainty and consumer risk as they relate to AS8879 thread inspection. It describes the rationale, theory and methodology used to generate the technical content of the AS5870. The document describes how to calculate measurement consumer risk. It documents all of the calculation methods which industry employs today to calculate what is commonly called measurement uncertainty (Appendices A, B, C, D, E and F). These, in turn, are used to calculate measurement uncertainty ratios which are required inputs to calculate measurement consumer risk. Users of this document can apply the information described herein for the evaluation of the capability of their measurements based on the measurement consumer risk. It involves the analysis of the measurement (product) distribution and biases of both the product and measurement system distributions. It protects the consumer from the worst case distribution results.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This procurement specification covers aircraft quality metallic gaskets having a "C" shape cross-section to form a seal ring, made from a corrosion and heat resistant age hardenable nickel base alloy of the type identified under the Unified Numbering System as N07750.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This procurement specification covers all metal, self-locking wrenching nuts, plate nuts, shank nuts, and gang channel nuts made of a corrosion and heat resistant nickel-base alloy of the type identified under the Unified Numbering System as UNS N07001.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This document covers all metal, self-locking wrenching nuts, plate nuts, shank nuts, and gang channel nuts made from a corrosion and heat resistant steel of the type identified under the Unified Numbering System as UNS S66286 and of 160 ksi tensile strength at room temperature, with maximum test temperature of parts at 1200 °F.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
A pathway to in-flight application of filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS) is herein presented, including a viable concept, based on recently published related work. The proposed pathway considers the key technical, operational, and regulatory challenges to enable in-flight measurements using FRS for inlet flow distortion characterization ahead of the aeroengine. Solutions to these challenges are proposed, in particular methods for light delivery, flow imaging and integration of the measurement system in the in-flight environment. This complements the experimental lab-scale demonstration of an FRS concept for flow distortion measurements and provides a route for further exploitation as a diagnostic tool for next-gen aircraft.
Lawson, Nicholas JohnMigliorini, MatteoDoll, UlrichMelnikov, SergeySteinbock, JonasDues, MichaelZachos, Pavlos K.Röhle, IngoMacManus, David G.
This document covers bolts and screws made from a corrosion- and heat-resistant, precipitation-hardenable, iron base alloy of the type identified under the Unified Numbering System as UNS S66286.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
A new high-temperature resistant material exhibits great potential for applications such as energy-efficient aircraft turbines. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany A new material might contribute to a reduction of the fossil fuels consumed by aircraft engines and gas turbines in the future. A research team from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) has developed a refractory metal-based alloy with properties unparalleled to date. The novel combination of chromium, molybdenum, and silicon is ductile at ambient temperature. With its melting temperature of about 2,000 degrees Celsius, it remains stable even at high temperatures and is at the same time oxidation resistant. The results are published in the journal Nature. High-temperature-resistant metallic materials are required for aircraft engines, gas turbines, X-ray units, and many other technical applications. Refractory metals such as tungsten, molybdenum, and chromium, whose melting points are around or higher
A new material might contribute to a reduction of the fossil fuels consumed by aircraft engines and gas turbines in the future. A research team from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) has developed a refractory metal-based alloy with properties unparalleled to date. The novel combination of chromium, molybdenum, and silicon is ductile at ambient temperature. With its melting temperature of about 2,000 degrees Celsius, it remains stable even at high temperatures and is at the same time oxidation resistant. The results are published in the journal Nature.
Raytheon East Hartford, CT corporatepr@rtx.com
As global air traffic is expected to increase significantly in the coming decades, reducing the associated climate impact requires scalable solutions. While alternative propulsion technologies such as electric and hybrid-electric systems might offer long-term potential, their current applicability remains limited due to low energy density, limited range and scalability, and system complexity. Consequently, thermodynamic propulsion systems – such as gas turbines and piston engines – are expected to remain dominant in the medium term. In this context, sustainable hydrocarbon-based aviation fuels represent a practical and necessary solution. Certified sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) pathways are currently approved exclusively for use in gas turbines, with certification standards tailored to turbine-specific requirements. Consequently, fuel properties such as cetane number and evaporation behavior are not included in existing specifications. However, when SAF-kerosene blends are used in
Kleissner, FlorianHofmann, PeterVogd, PhilippVauhkonen, VilleKäkölä, JaanaGreve, Alina
Accurate defect quantification is crucial for ensuring the serviceability of aircraft engine parts. Traditional inspection methods, such as profile projectors and replicating compounds, suffer from inconsistencies, operator dependency, and ergonomic challenges. To address these limitations, the 4D InSpec® handheld 3D scanner was introduced as an advanced solution for defect measurement and analysis. This article evaluates the effectiveness of the 4D InSpec scanner through multiple statistical methods, including Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (Gage R&R), Isoplot®, Youden plots, and Bland–Altman plots. A new concept of Probability of accurate Measurement (PoaM)© was introduced to capture the accuracy of the defect quantification based on their size. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in measurement variability, with Gage R&R improving from 39.9% (profile projector) to 8.5% (3D scanner), thus meeting the AS13100 Aerospace Quality Standard. Additionally, the 4D InSpec
Aust, JonasDonskoy, Gene
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This document, expanding upon AIR6037A, provides technical specifications and operational protocols for instruments commonly used to measure aircraft engine nonvolatile Particulate Matter (nvPM) Particle Size Distributions (PSDs). For each instrument type, its functionality, calibration, uncertainties, and known limitations are discussed to support the development of procedures that help ARP6320B nvPM system operators reliably determine PSDs. Practical setup considerations, such as sample conditioning and instrument positioning, are highlighted, together with guidelines for maintenance, data correction, and quality control to minimize measurement uncertainty.
E-31P Particulate Matter Committee
Two-stroke engines represent an attractive solution for aviation industry applications (UAVs, VTOL aircraft, and ultralight aircraft) due to their compact size, high power-to-weight ratio, reduced number of moving parts, and the ability to operate with different fuels. This work presents a 0D/1D methodology for simulating the gas exchange, combustion, and unsteady flow of a two-stroke aviation engine. The scavenging and combustion processes, as well as the unsteady flow within the induction and exhaust systems, are investigated using a 0D/1D modeling approach. This study is motivated by the need to assess the accuracy of such models in predicting engine performance. For this purpose, the thermo-fluid dynamic code GASDYN has been applied and enhanced. The proposed 0D model is embedded into a 1D fluid-dynamic code for simulating the entire engine system. To characterize the baseline configuration, which includes tangential ports that facilitate a loop-scavenging process, computed results
Cerri, TarcisioGiussani, AlessandroLucchini, TommasoMarinoni, AndreaMontenegro, GianlucaOnorati, Angelo
This numerical study investigates a spark-ignited, two-stroke engine employing uniflow scavenging, flathead cylinder head design, and an exhaust valve system to identify the optimal bore-to-stroke (B/S) ratio for maximizing brake efficiency at fixed displacement. A single-cylinder prototype engine was constructed, and its experimental data validated a 1D GT-SUITE simulation model. This validated model was then utilized to simulate a full-scale, 1.5-liter displacement, horizontally opposed four-cylinder engine with supercharger-assisted boosting, intended for small aircraft propulsion. The simulations explored a range of B/S ratios from undersquare (0.7) to oversquare (1.5), maintaining a consistent brake power output of 60 kW at 3000 rpm and lambda 0.9. Results showed that increasing the B/S ratio enhanced brake efficiency from 26.0% at B/S=0.7 to 27.0% at B/S=1.5, largely due to reduced frictional losses attributed to shorter stroke and lower piston speeds, decreased heat transfer
Zanchin, GuilhermeHausen, RobertoFagundez, Jean LuccaLanzanova, ThompsonMartins, Mario
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides guidance for substantiating the airworthiness of aircraft engine components. Generally, these components are associated with the engine control system, the system or systems that allow the engine to provide thrust or power as demanded by the pilot of the aircraft while also ensuring the engine operates within acceptable operating limits. But these components may also include hardware and systems associated with engine lubrication, engine or aircraft hydraulic or electrical systems, aircraft environmental control systems, thrust reverser control, or similar aircraft or engine propulsion system functions. This paper develops the concept of using a standardized 26-item checklist of environmental conditions for evaluating aircraft engine component airworthiness. This approach is compatible with current practices used in the industry and has been accepted by engine certification authorities in conjunction with other guidance as
E-36 Electronic Engine Controls Committee
Items per page:
1 – 50 of 4435