Browse Topic: Packaging

Items (1,367)
ABSTRACT This paper discusses the packaging characteristics of a family of power-packs for military land vehicles in the 21st century. 3 classes of vehicles are considered: light vehicles (300 - 600 Hp), medium weight vehicles (600-1000 Hp) and heavy vehicles (1000-1500 Hp). The paper highlights that a common bore engine approach provides both very good performance and a very compact power-pack. 2 different engine styles are examined. The results are expected to be applicable for a spectrum of modernized engine platforms that would employ a common bore engine approach. The approach offers many product development and production advantages, including lower development and tooling costs, and reduced product inventory needs, lead times, development costs, in addition to reduced product development risk. Various trade study parameters are considered in addition to engine power. Power-pack configurations based on a common bore approach shows significant commonality advantages and
Kacynski, KenBauman, AndreasJohnson, S. Arnie
ABSTRACT At the onset of the Second World War, it was noticed that equipment being shipped overseas to the frontlines arrived corroded. The Department of Defense rapidly escalated the use of corrosion inhibitors in packaging materials to reduce the severity of the corrosion of those assets. This paper provides an overview of vapor corrosion inhibitors, describes how they are incorporated into anti-corrosion covers, and summarizes field test results showing typical protection provided to Department of Defense assets. The paper describes the environmental conditions that warrant the use of anti-corrosion covers and presents independent ground vehicle focused return-on-investment analysis. Citation: David J. Sharman, Robert R. Danko, Bill Scheible, “Light-weight drapable anti-corrosion covers,” In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023
Sharman, David JDanko, Robert R.Schieble, Bill
ABSTRACT The SAIC Battery Thermal Solver is a tool that allows for the evaluation of the thermal response under a variety of cell types, loading conditions and packaging alternatives for the battery designer, manufacturer, or system integrator. Developed with a user-friendly interface, the Battery Thermal Solver allows for a number of simulations to be performed. This paper discusses the capabilities of the Battery Thermal Solver Tool through a thorough discussion of the battery thermal problem—from cell heat generation, heat transfer mechanisms, to the effects of alternative packaging strategies
Jones, StanleyMendoza, JohnFrazier, GeorgeZanardelli, Sonya
This paper evaluates electric machine and reducer specifications along-side vehicle dynamics and drivability for an axial flux machine (AFM). The baseline is a conventional central drive unit with a single electric machine, reducer, and differential. It compares powertrain architectures with two in-wheel AFMs (IWD) and one AFM mounted perpendicular to the chassis against the E-Axle design. The study starts by determining wheel-level traction force and power requirements for a mid-sized vehicle, then derives necessary machine and reducer specifications. It also considers packaging and efficiency constraints. The E-Axle uses a single-stage planetary gearbox, while the perpendicular AFM connects to a bevel gear reducer, and the IWD requires no reducer. These architectures are analysed in a vehicle dynamics simulation with six degrees of freedom, suspension, tire, and road models. Efficiency is assessed using the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC). Besides acceleration
Wipfler, FelixYildirim, MetinNegrila, Andrei-RaduGerling, DieterBruell, MartinSabzewari, Kiarash
Mi Rancho has been delighting customers with authentic and fresh tortillas, chips, and salsas since its establishment in 1939. Originally founded as a grocery store in Oakland, CA, the business has evolved and grown into a food provider for large nation-wide retail partners. To enable their continued growth, Mi Rancho recently partnered with Formic to introduce robotic automation to their food processing and packaging production operations
In the medical device production environment, device packaging and sterilization is vital. The same level of rigorous quality controls and regulations that affect the devices themselves are also extended to their packaging. The mechanical and container closure integrity [CCI] evaluations of medical device packaging requires significant testing performed at multiple points throughout the commercialization and production processes
Sustainability remains a dominant trend in packaging and processing, continuing to attract the attention of the life sciences industry and inspire its new initiatives. Although pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers must prioritize patient safety and product protection, concerns about climate change, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, plastic waste, and pressure to move toward a circular economy are prompting a greater focus on improving the sustainability of their products and packaging
Contract design and manufacturing organizations (CDMOs) play an increasingly crucial role in the pharmaceutical supply chain, providing the necessary capabilities and capacity to meet growing patient demand. The recent emergence of GLP-1 class drugs only emphasizes the importance of CDMOs, which con- tribute significant expertise related to fill-finish operations, secondary packaging, and distribution
In recent years, the automotive industry has dedicated significant attention to the evolution of electric vehicles (EVs). The Electric-machine (as motor and generator, here and onward called E-machine as more general term) as the heart of the EDU (Electric Drive Unit) is very important component of powertrain and is the one of the main focuses of development. Traditionally, E-machine design has primarily focused on factors like efficiency, packaging, and cost, often neglecting the critical aspects of Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH) specially at the early decision-making stages. This disconnect between E-machine design teams and NVH teams has consistently posed a challenge, which is the experience seen in many OEMs. This paper introduces an innovative workflow that unifies these previously separate domains, facilitating comprehensive optimization by integrating NVH considerations with other E-machine objectives, efficiency, weight, packaging and cost. This paper highlights AVL's
Mehrgou, MehdiGarcia de Madinabeitia, InigoAhmed, Mohamed Essam
Aitiip is a leading Spanish research and development institute and serves companies in the aeronautics, automation, industrial, and packaging sectors. The institute possesses strong platforms for the characterization of materials and processes and is known as a powerful integrator of technologies, which is constantly on the lookout for the next transformative technology. A year ago, Aitiip implemented an NXE 400 industrial resin 3D printer platform from Nexa3D to explore integrations of additive manufacturing and injection molding. Nexa3D is the Ventura, California-based provider of high-speed industrial printing technologies whose portfolio continues to grow, reflected in its acquisition of Essentium, one of the world's most well-known providers of extrusion 3D printing, earlier this year. Liebherr is one of the world's largest providers of a variety of industrial goods, services and products. Aerospace and transportation systems is one of 13 different product segments supplied by the
Plastic design is one of the upcoming fields of interest when it comes to weight optimization, sustainability, strength, and overall aesthetics of an automobile. What is often ignored is the amount of flexibility a plastic designer has, of integrating and packaging various components of an automobile into a single part and still make it an integral part of its complex aesthetics. This paper highlights upon one such part that is being developed: An integrated bracket which packages ADAS camera, Rain Light Sensor, and an Auto-dimming IRVM. Apart from packaging the mentioned components, this bracket also has mounting provisions for an aesthetic cover (also referred to as beauty cover). The objective of this paper is to highlight the importance of integration of several parts into a single part for packaging multiple components that need to be placed in a close proximity with each other. This paper includes the demonstration of old design which consisted of multiple parts along with how we
Chandravanshi, PriyanshParthiban, MohanBable, ShubhamDharmatti, Girish
Considering the current trend towards the electrification of commercial vehicles, the development of Beam eAxle solutions has become necessary. The utilization of an electric drive unit in heavy-duty solid axle-based commercial vehicles presents unique and demanding challenges. These include the necessity for elevated peak and continuous torque while meeting packaging constraints, structural integrity requirements, and extended service life. One such solution was developed by BorgWarner to address these challenges. This paper offers a comprehensive overview of the design and development process undertaken for this Dual Motor Beam eAxle system. This includes the initial comparison of various eAxle solutions, the specifications of components selected for this design, and the initial results from dyno and vehicle development
Guo, ChengyunVan Maanen, KeithLiu, Xiaobing
Electrified vehicles represent mobility’s future, but they impose challenging and diverse requirements like range and performance. To meet these requirements, various components, such as battery cells, electric drives, fuel cells, and hydrogen vessels need to be integrated into a drive and storage system that optimizes the key performance indicators (KPI). However, finding the best combination of components is a multifaceted problem in the early phases of development. Therefore, advanced simulation tools and processes are essential for satisfying the customer´s expectation. EDAG Engineering GmbH has developed a flat storage platform, which is suitable for both, BEV and FCEV. The platform allows for the flexible and modular integration of batteries and hydrogen vessels. However, package space is limited and the impact of the design choices regarding the vehicle’s KPI need to be considered. Therefore, EDAG has developed a simulation model that combines automated 3D design and packaging
Viehmann, AndreasNauck, NiklasEsser, ArvedSchramm, Michael
The need for eco-friendly vehicle powertrains has increased drastically in recent years. The most critical component of an electric vehicle is the battery pack/cell. The choice of the appropriate cell directly determines the size, performance, range, life, and cost of the vehicle. Lithium-ion batteries with high energy density and higher cycle life play a crucial role in the progress of the electric vehicle. However, the packaging of lithium-ion cells is expected to meet lots of assembly demands to increase their life and improve their functional safety. Due to their low mechanical stability, the lithium-ion cell modules must have external pressure on the cell surface for improved performance. The cells must be stacked in a compressed condition to exert the desired pressure on the cell surface using compression foam/pads. The compression pads can be either packaged between each cell or once in every set of cells based on the cell assembly requirements. This paper describes the need for
Sithick Basha, AbubakkerChalumuru, MadhuSasikumar, K
This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant steel in the form of welding wire
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
This specification provides requirements for the identification and packaging of sheet, strip, extrusions, and molded parts made of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, reclaimed rubber, and combinations of the above with other materials such as asbestos, cork, and fabrics. AMS2817 covers preferred requirements for identification and packaging of preformed packings
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
As we all know, automotive headliners are an essential component of any car’s interior as they cover all the internal components and provide a clean and finished look. Headliners not only increase the aesthetic appeal of a car’s interior, but also acts as an insulation and sound absorption source. As per the latest Government norms, Curtain Airbag (henceforth called as CAB) has been made mandatory and this change calls for the corresponding changes in the Headliner packaging of all passenger vehicles. In general, curtain air-bag deployment calls for a twist open of Headliner at lateral sides (a portion below Hinge-line) during the deployment. This enables the inflated airbag to flow inside the passenger cabin to protect the passenger from any injury. Conventionally no components are packaged below the hinge-line area of headliner to avoid obstruction for CAB deployment and any part fly-off concerns. For this reason, no foams/components are kept below the hinge-line region of the
D, GowthamL, DharshanBornare, HarshadRitesh, KakadeDeoli, ManishVadla, VilasKakani, Phani Kumar
This specification covers a low-alloy steel in the form of welding wire
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This specification covers a low-alloy steel in the form of welding wire
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Cylindrical tanks no longer are the only solution for storing high-pressure hydrogen gas. The future is looking decidedly square - and better for vehicle range and packaging. Experts from Forvia explain. Until recently, there was only one practical solution for storing gaseous hydrogen for onboard vehicle use: the cylindrical storage tank. Spiral-wound, carbon fiber cylinders are the proven form factor for reliable containment of 350-bar (5000-psi) and more commonly, 700-bar (10,000-psi) hydrogen used in the latest fuel-cell electric and hydrogen-fueled IC-engine vehicles. Faurecia and Symbio, the hydrogen-technologies joint-venture with partner Michelin, are in the process of changing the cylindrical-tank paradigm with a new approach that looks downright…square. “This hydrogen storage system is our modular, conformable, 700-bar tank,” Rob Steele, product line manager at Faurecia, part of the Forvia group, told SAE Media while viewing a concept ‘skateboard’ chassis at the 2023
Brooke, Lindsay
This specification covers nonfluorescent magnetic particles in the form of a mixed, ready-to-use suspension in an odorless oil vehicle and packaged in aerosol cans
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This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of welding wire
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
The scope of this document is related to the particular needs of oxygen equipment with regards to packaging and transportation. The document provides guidance for handling chemical, gaseous and liquid oxygen equipment. It summarizes national and international regulations to be taken into account for transportation on land, sea and air and provides information on classification of hazardous material. The aim of this document is to summarize information on packaging and transportation of oxygen equipment. Statements and references to regulations cited herein are for information only and should not be considered as interpretation of a law. Processes to maintain cleanliness of components and subassemblies during processing and assembly or storage of work-in-progress are outside the scope of this document. Guidance on this can be obtained from ARP1176. Rules for transportation and shipment do not cover oxygen equipment installed in an interior monument, e.g., galley unit or in a fuselage
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
In the design of suspensions for passenger cars, it is time-consuming to find a solution that works for both kinematics and packaging. The design must provide clash-free packaging within the suspension components and sufficient clearance to surrounding parts, such as the body and the subframe. In addition, the design has to ensure a reasonable kinematic performance, in which the dynamic behaviors of the car are safe and stable at all speeds. The objective of this study was to provide a method that automatically controls specified linear and nonlinear kinematic targets at the same time as engineers test different packaging solutions. The kinematic performance is controlled when design engineers test different packaging solutions by using the proposed method. The method optimizes the linearized constraint matrices by means of given performance targets as input and proposes a hardpoint configuration. The result shows a major potential to reduce design lead time by using this method. We
Huang, YansongBrandin, TobiasJacobson, Bengt
Unfavorable climates, fatigue, safety & deprived sleep of driver’s leads to use of AC system for their quick thermal comfort during night with engine ON. This scenario is very critical from a human’s safety & vehicle functionality point of view. This also consumes an additional 10-15% of fuel requirements in AC running conditions. So, to address the social problems of driver’s sleep and pollution-free environment by reducing the use of fossil fuels, there is a need for alternative techniques for air cooling which work during engine OFF condition. Various alternative options for air cooling have been reviewed. Accordingly, the packaging flexibility of phase change material (PCM) technology makes it easy to implement, yet effective usage of large quantity stored PCM, needs optimization. This paper proposes a design of a hybrid air conditioning system for sleeper commercial vehicles using a combined conventional compression and phase change material. The cold storage heat exchanger is
Shalgar, SandeepNagarhalli, Prasanna VBedre, PallaviSrivastava, SarveshTupe, Akshay
This specification covers a prepolymer in the form of an epoxy cresol novolac (ECN) resin
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
This specification covers an alicyclic diepoxy carboxylate prepolymer in the form of a low-viscosity liquid
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
High-performance vehicle wheel bearings experience high lateral loading during racetrack testing. Due to higher loads, the wheel bearings are more susceptible to structural and or preload failures. Structural failures can occur in the hub flange, spline and/or roll form. The increased loading and cycling requirements, drives the need to adjust historical evaluation methods. The wheel bearing design for a high-performance vehicle must find the optimum balance between strength, drag, packaging, and mass. The objective of this paper is to cover the methodology to evaluate wheel bearings using the predicted loads before the actual vehicle testing. Initially, the predicted load data consists of many data points and is not suitable for either CAE analysis and/or physical testing. This paper is planned to cover the approach to condense the large number of short duration steps into small number of large duration steps which can be used for CAE and bench test evaluations without changing the
Mandhadi, Chaitanya ReddySicilia, VincentJones, Matthew
This specification covers procedures which will provide protection of elastomeric seals and seal assemblies such as O-rings, cap seal assemblies, and other designs from contamination by foreign materials and handling / transportation / storage damage prior to installation and ensure positive identification by part number of each piece until it is installed
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
Semiconductor makers invest significant resources in the development and manufacture of their devices, including packaging and assembly techniques that accommodate their material, mechanical, electrical, reliability, and footprint specifications. They must meet very tight time-to-market windows as cost-effectively as possible
THIS STANDARD ESTABLISHES THE DIMENSIONAL AND VISUAL QUALITY REQUIREMENTS, LOT REQUIREMENTS, AND PACKAGING AND LABELLING REQUIREMENTS FOR METALLIC-ENCASED COPPER GASKETS MANUFACTURED PER AMS-HH-G-101 TYPE III - STYLE J. IT SHALL BE USED FOR PROCUREMENT PURPOSES
A-6C2 Seals Committee
This Aerospace Recommended Practice covers general requirements for preservation, packaging, and packing of hose assemblies
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
THIS STANDARD ESTABLISHES THE DIMENSIONAL AND VISUAL QUALITY REQUIREMENTS, LOT REQUIREMENTS, AND PACKAGING AND LABELLING REQUIREMENTS FOR METALLIC-ENCASED COPPER GASKETS MANUFACTURED PER AMS-HH-G-101 TYPE III - STYLE J. IT SHALL BE USED FOR PROCUREMENT PURPOSES
A-6C2 Seals Committee
In the last decade, there was growing interest in the use of green composites because of their environment-friendly nature, improvement in mechanical & chemical properties, better processability, and low cost. In this work, short sisal fiber was reinforced in a polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix and four different degradable green composites were developed with different weight fractions. Experimental studies were conducted as per standard to find the mechanical properties of PCL based composites. The data obtained shows that there is a 22% increase in tensile strength, 18% increase in hardness and 100% increase in impact strength for the specimen with 10% sisal fiber compared to neat PCL specimen. The mechanical property reduces when the fiber content is increased to 15%. These PCL based composites shall find applications in the packaging industry and consumer goods that have less service temperature
A, Arockia JuliasKareem, AbdulA, Ganesh RamanPonniah Daniel, JeyakumarKrishnasamy, Prabu
The SAE J1100 based standard cargo volume index methods and predefined luggage objects are very specific to United States population. The European luggage volume calculation and standard luggage calculations are primarily based on DIN and ISO standards. Luggage volume declaration by manufacturers are based on any of these methods. The calculations are complicated and there is a possibility of declaring different values for similar luggage compartments. The major purchase decision of vehicle is based on its luggage capacity and current methods are very limited to make an intelligent decision by a customer. Market specific customer usage patterns for luggage requirements and protecting them in vehicle architecture upfront in concept stage is important to retain the market position and buying preference of customers. The usage patterns is collected from customer clinics and marketing inputs. These patterns are used to build virtual luggage models representing the actual luggage at
Radakrishnan, RambabuBALAKRISHNAN, Mohanraj
Due to modern trends in the automotive industry, such as vehicle electrification, light-weighting, reduced NVH (Noise, Vibration and Harshness) packaging space, etc., it is desirable to have a low profile and light-weight acoustic material with multi-functionality. If one single layer of a thin acoustic material can provide comparable absorption and transmission loss to a multilayer treatment, it will benefit the industry by saving weight, packaging space and system cost. Acoustic absorption and sound transmission loss performance of a new dissipative material at reduced weight and thickness is introduced in this paper. The acoustic performance of the material was evaluated by using random incidence absorption and transmission loss as well as in-vehicle experiment. Further potential applications for this material have been identified using the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) method with panel leakage considered
Yoo, TaewookGerdes, RonaldLee, SeungkyuShi, Tongyang
This specification covers spooling and packaging of bare welding wire to ensure cleanliness and freedom from corrosion, spool sizes and weights of spooled wire, and package weights of cut lengths
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Multilayer plastic materials are ubiquitous in food and medical supply packaging, particularly since the specific properties of layered polymers can keep moisture from fouling sterile syringes, or light and oxygen from making potato chips stale. But despite their utility, those ever-present plastics are impossible to recycle using conventional methods
This specification covers a cobalt alloy in the form of wire, rod, strip, foil, and powder and a viscous mixture (paste) of the powder in a suitable binder
AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
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