Browse Topic: Cooperative programs

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SUPPLIER EYE21AUTP02_072/1/2021
We happily put 2020 in the rearview mirror and await the full rollout of the COVID-19 vaccines to gain some level of normalcy. The automotive industry once again underscored its industriousness and flexibility in the face of significant hurdles. Though output completely ceased for more than two months last Spring, it was successfully restarted under trying circumstances. Part/material shortages, logistics challenges and a constant search for talent amid an accelerated production pace have placed suppliers and OEMs alike into fire-fighting mode. Let's hope this is not the new normal. The past year also will be remembered for several other developments. The need to reduce investment risk, limit capital exposure, diversify to new markets and move even faster on the technology front caused many OEMs and suppliers to continue seeking alliances, JVs and mergers. The formation of Stellantis, the combination of FCA and PSA, is already impacting procurement decisions and technology choices for suppliers with appreciable operations in North America. Expansion of the General Motors - Honda partnership into mass-market EVs will have similar effects.
Electronic Interchange of Configuration Management DataCMB7_1 (Current)10/1/2014
The scope of this bulletin is to provide guidance on the use of current and future technologies for the electronic interchange of CM data.
G-33 Configuration Management
Guideline for Transitioning Configuration Management to an Automated EnvironmentCMB7_2 (Current)10/1/2014
G-33 Configuration Management
$19 Million Funding Awarded for Additive Manufacturing ProjectsTBMG-191713/1/2014
America Makes, the National Additive Manufacturing Innovation Institute, announced the 15 awardees of its second call for additive manufacturing (AM) applied research and development projects. Driven by the National Center for Defense Manufacturing and Machining, America Makes will provide $9 million in funding toward these projects with $10.3 million in matching cost share from the awarded project teams for total funding worth $19.3 million. The projects are expected to commence in early Spring.
A different riff on your basic two-seat electric car12MOMD1031_0211/1/2012
Markus Lienkamp, Chair of Automotive Engineering at the Technical University of Munich, is leading the Visio.M project, a German government-supported R&D effort to produce a low-cost, high-utility electric car that might attract the interest of the middle European mass market. THE WAY MARKUS LIENKAMP SEES IT, today's electric car technology “is a complete disaster.” What he terms “electromobility” is impeded at the moment by range anxiety, prohibitive costs, and inconvenient charging. “And a lot of people are losing a lot of money on electric cars,” noted the Chair of Automotive Engineering at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). That's why Lienkamp is leading the Visio.M project, a German government-sup ported R&D effort to produce a low-cost, high-utility electric car that might attract the interest of the middle European mass market-a next-generation people's car of sorts. “The idea was to take an integrated approach using appropriate high-tech solutions to produce an inexpensive product that still provides high levels of design and function,” he explained.
Ashley, Steven
Aus-Bay Quenching of 300M SteelAIR4498A (Current)5/9/2012
The objective of this program is to compare the properties of aus-bay quenched 300M steel with the properties of 300M steel oil quenched in the conventional manner.
AMS AMEC Aerospace Metals and Engineering Committee
Breathing new life into Chrysler engineering10AEID0601_056/1/2010
Engineering VP Scott Kunselman talks about working with Fiat, taking the lead in vehicle electrification, and putting the mojo back into Chrysler's product-development team. After 25 years of riding one of the auto industry's wildest roller coasters, Scott Kunselman now works on comparatively stable ground. More relaxed it's not, however. As Chrysler's Senior Vice President- Engineering, he's charged with integrating his company's product-development activities with those of Fiat. That means launching more than 20 new or significantly revamped North American models, consolidating four vehicle platforms, and working with his colleagues in Turin to commonize three other platforms, along with billions worth of related systems and components.
Brooke, Lindsay
Handheld Instrument Fights AcneTBMG-65089/1/2009
For companies that do not need NASA-developed technology or advanced test facilities but still want to leverage some of the brain power of NASA’s engineering teams to solve a design problem in their product, NASA funds the Space Alliance Technology Outreach Program (SATOP). Administered by Bay Area Houston Economic Partnership, SATOP is a cooperative program among Florida, New Mexico, New York, and Texas that brings together more than 55 space companies, universities, colleges, and NASA centers to make NASA expertise available to small businesses.
Development of an Improved Cosmetic Corrosion Test for Finished Aluminum Autobody Panels2007-01-04174/16/2007
Since 2000, an Aluminum Cosmetic Corrosion task group within the SAE Automotive Corrosion and Protection (ACAP) Committee has existed. The task group has pursued the goal of establishing a standard test method for in-laboratory cosmetic corrosion evaluations of finished aluminum auto body panels. A cooperative program uniting OEM, supplier, and consultants has been created and has been supported in part by USAMP (AMD 309) and the U.S. Department of Energy. Prior to this committee's formation, numerous laboratory corrosion test environments have been used to evaluate the performance of painted aluminum closure panels. However, correlations between these laboratory test results and in-service performance have not been established. Thus, the primary objective of this task group's project was to identify an accelerated laboratory test method that correlates well with in-service performance. In this paper the correlation between several common laboratory corrosion tests and in-service corrosion is detailed.
Bovard, Francine, Tardiff, Janice, Jafolla, Tracie, McCune, Duncan, Courval, Greg, Smith, Kevin A., Lee, Fred, Repp, John, Ramamurthy, Sridhar, Shaffer, R. James, Vartolas, Florina M.
Semiconductor Strategies for Providing Seamless Technology2004-21-001410/18/2004
A continuous lifetime electronic component supply is a key factor to a program's success for all involved companies during a car's lifespan. Lifetime is defined as the time from a program start to the time when the end user decides to recycle the car. This period can be as long as 25 years and needs the joint efforts among carmakers, system suppliers and manufacturers as well as semiconductor suppliers working with a commonly agreed process of responsibilities and costs shared by all participants. There are 5 defined basic phases covering the start of the development to the “After Series Availability” which need urgent discussions to come to an agreed methodology as each process step increases the number of dependencies and inter-process relationships. At present, everybody focuses on the first 4 phases but tries to ignore the last one as this one only creates emotions, anger and offers the person involved “no chance to build their own career on”. Different papers on this subject, like the White Book from ZVEI (German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers' Association), have been published and the highest level of Management from all involved parties talk about these as “time bombs”. This paper will mainly open discussions between all participants on possible semiconductor strategies and approaches, as well as limitations, for providing Seamless Technology, to help define a process or method to ensure continued component supply.
Asche, Norbert, Poppel, Matthias
Microgravity Effects on Combustion of Polymers2003-01-26437/7/2003
Candidate materials for spacecraft crew compartments must pass flammability tests conducted according to NASA-STD-6001 Test 1. The test is conducted on the ground, and there is uncertainty on how flammability data obtained under these conditions would predict materials flammability in microgravity. NASA Glenn Research Center conducted a cooperative program with the Russian Space Agency Keldysh Research Center, with technical support provided by NASA Johnson Space Center White Sands Test Facility, to investigate polymer combustion in ventilated microgravity in a small combustion tunnel operated on the Orbital Station Mir. It was found that very low forced convective flows can sustain polymer combustion in microgravity. Shutoff of the flow, however, is likely to suppress combustion. Results indicate that qualifying upward flame propagation ground tests provided conservative results for the materials tested in microgravity by sustaining their combustion in less severe oxygen concentration and total pressure conditions than those in which extinguishment occurred in quiescent microgravity environments.
Hirsch, David, Beeson, Harold
Diesel Engine Electric Turbo Compound Technology2003-01-22946/23/2003
A cooperative program between the DOE Office of Heavy Vehicle Technology and Caterpillar is aimed at demonstrating electric turbo compound technology on a Class 8 truck engine. The goal is to demonstrate the level of fuel efficiency improvement attainable with an electric turbocompound system. The system consists of a turbocharger with an electric motor/generator integrated into the turbo shaft. The generator extracts surplus power at the turbine, and the electricity it produces is used to run a motor mounted on the engine crankshaft, recovering otherwise wasted energy in the exhaust gases. The electric turbocompound system also provides more control flexibility in that the amount of power extracted can be varied. This allows for control of engine boost and thus air/fuel ratio. The paper presents the status of development of an electric turbocompound system for a Caterpillar heavy-duty on-highway truck engine. The system architecture layout, turbo charger design features, and the development of a system control strategy are discussed. Furthermore, engine simulation results are presented, and electrical machinery developments are described. The paper also reviews the results of a thermal and structural analysis for the complete turbo charger structure.
Hopmann, Ulrich, Algrain, Marcelo C.
LNG Truck Demonstration2002-01-274010/21/2002
Among on-road motor vehicles, diesel-fueled heavy-duty trucks emit disproportionately high amounts of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). The trucking industry has taken an active interest in the use of engines powered by liquefied natural gas (LNG) to reduce NOx and PM emissions. However, major barriers exist to widespread use of LNG in trucking applications, including reduced performance and higher initial capital costs compared to diesel-fueled vehicles, as well as a limited fueling infrastructure. To help address these barriers, the California Energy Commission (Commission) joined with the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (DOE/NREL) in cost sharing a program led by the West Coast Transportation Technology Group of Arthur D. Little, Inc. (ADLittle). The objective of the program was to upgrade three LNG-fueled semi-tractors with new-generation Detroit Diesel Corporation (DDC) Series 60G (S60G) engines that can deliver high horsepower and torque, and demonstrate these LNG tractors in revenue service in a Southern California trucking fleet. A specific goal was to enhance the commercial viability of this low-emission, high-horsepower, high-torque LNG engine for use in Class 8 semi-tractors. Successful commercialization in this high-fuel-use sector can ultimately lead to the displacement of large and significant diesel fuel volumes.
Wiens, Jerry, Addy, McKinley, Leonard, Jonathan H., Bogdanoff, Michael A., Frailey, Michael R.
Research on Life-Prediction Methods for MMCs— Phase ITBMG-71369/1/2002
A report describes the completed first phase of a NASA/industry cooperative program of research on metal-matrix composites (MMCs) as lightweight, strong, high- temperature-resistant materials for use in future aircraft engines. The first phase of the research included assessment of life- and fracture-prediction methods, determination of fracture strengths and fatigue lives, and experiments in nondestructive evaluation. The metal-matrix composite specimens used in these studies were rings made of silicon-carbide-based fibers in a titanium-alloy matrix. The particular composite material was chosen because extensive data on the material were already available and the material is representative of composites that would be used in aircraft engines. Five fracture- and life prediction analysis methods were applied to the rings; their predictions were compared with each other and with experimental data on fracture of the rings. Manufacturing defects prevented the researchers from conducting planned cyclic tests. Fatigue-life predictions ranged from 1,000 to 15,000 cycles. Fracture-stress predictions were less scattered, ranging from 25 to 40.1 kpsi (172 to 276 MPa). Low-resolution x-ray computed tomography proved to be an effective non-destructive evaluation technique.
Analyzing RVSM Requirements in MNPS Airspace and the Effects on Aircraft Operations2001-01-26499/11/2001
In order to safely and efficiently control extremely high air traffic congestion in special navigation areas, reduced vertical separation minimum (RVSM) requirements were established for aircraft operators using Minimum Navigation Performance Specification (MNPS) airspace. Resultant benefits in operating efficiency came with increased costs to aircraft operators in complying with RVSM required navigation equipment, maintenance, training, and operational procedures. Commercial air carriers – the predominant users of this airspace – were the prime beneficiaries, while business aircraft operators experienced a non-equitable cost burden. Alternate cost sharing methods are presented in an effort to combat the effect of impeded growth in the business aircraft industry.
Ayubi, Harry H.
Space Suit Foot and Ankle Mobility in Walking on Uneven Terrain1999-01-19657/12/1999
A cooperative program undertaken by Zvezda and Hamilton Standard to address the required walking mobility for future planetary missions has focussed on space suit foot and ankle mobility. It has included the evaluation of the performance of a boot sole metatarsal (toe) joint and two different ankle joint configurations. A field test with a highly mobile space suit prototype by NASA provides data that complement the results of the above study. Experience in traversing a variety of terrain similar to that expected on Mars provides confirmation of the value of pressure suit ankle and boot sole mobility in the field. Taken together, these studies provide useful data for the design of future planetary exploration spacesuits. Laboratory and field test results are presented and some of their implications for planetary space suit designs are discussed.
Moiseev, N., Stoklitsky, A., Abramov, I., Kosmo, J., Eppler, D., Hodgson, E.
A Case for Government-Industry Partnerships1999-01-22534/28/1999
Government-industry partnerships are necessary for small businesses to successfully launch new and innovative ideas into the market place. Small businesses, the cornerstone for economic job creation, expansion and retention, is hampered with the need to fund new and innovative technologies from profits which generally occur in a cyclic manner. This cyclic funding leads to ramp ups and development during profitable years, and delays and abeyance during years of downturn. Government-industry partnerships directly addresses this problem by offering funding assistance in the form of resources eliminating the “peaks and valleys” of development. This paper will detail a case study of this type of assistance.
Purgert, Robert M.
International PNGV-Equivalent Programs: Where Does the United States Stand?1999-01-13083/1/1999
The Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV), while in a class of its own for trying to develop supercars, is confronted by numerous similar programs. By no means is the PNGV the one answer to the new generation of vehicle puzzle. Programs such as ACE (Japan), the Foresight Project (UK), and the Car of Tomorrow (EU) provide insight to where the United States stands in the competition, and possibilities for the program’s future. The United States government is investing more money than other countries, yet other programs’ initiatives and goals are not quite as comprehensive as PNGV’s.
Polverini, Melissa
IRL Aurora V8 Design and Development98303711/16/1998
This paper describes the design and development of the IRL Aurora V8 racing engine for Indy Racing League competition. It addresses the technical and organizational issues which were involved in producing a competitive racing engine in a compressed time period with specific cost and availability targets. GM Motorsports developed the naturally aspirated, methanol burning IRL Aurora V8 (Figure 1) for the production-based 4.0-liter engine formula introduced by the Indy Racing League in January, 1997. The IRL Aurora V8 sub-sequently became the dominant engine in the series, winning every race, winning every pole, leading every lap, and sweeping the Engine Manufacturer, Driver, Team, and Rookie Championships in 1997. The IRL Aurora V8 progressed from initial concept to the race track in 15 months. In order to meet the series' requirements, GM Motorsports engineers defined objectives for engine performance, cost, and longevity. GM Motorsports also established a cooperative program with component suppliers, chassis manufacturers, and independent engine builders. This organizational structure allowed the design, development, production, vehicle integration, and validation programs to proceed simultaneously. The IRL Aurora V8 engine program presented technical challenges in areas such as chassis integration, reciprocating component loads, cylinder head and induction system design, lubrication and scavenging, engine management, and ignition. GM Motorsports formulated a specific testing and validation procedure to ensure that the IRL Aurora V8 engine would meet reliability standards, and developed upgrades in engine specifications to improve performance for the 1998 season.
Allen, Roger, Baker, Ned, Keating, Ed, Negri, Joe, Rice, John, Spitzer, Dave, Voegelin, Rick
Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS) for Productivity Enhancement “It's Not Just for Safety Anymore”9704522/24/1997
AVCS applications for productivity enhancement can be implemented now to produce a positive return on investment, unlike systems developed for the consumer automobile market which will not be commercially available in the near term. This area of development has been previously neglected because commercial vehicle and transit operators have been unaware of the maturity of AVCS technologies. AVCS researchers have focused almost exclusively on safety applications. It is widely believed that barriers to many AVCS applications are more due to institutional, economic, and legal issues than technology limitations. In order to sustain and accelerate the AVCS deployment process, it is desirable to demonstrate the benefits of AVCS in the very near future. Ideal candidate applications for early deployment should include the following features: a controlled and structured vehicle operating environment, a user group willing to assess new technology applications, substantial user benefits from automation, and an industry private sector with interest in significant partnerships and cost share roles in the operational testing. Applications which appear promising after preliminary analysis include: unloading containers from ships, trailer movement within freight facilities, moving transit buses through overnight maintenance routines in assembly-line type operations, safer and more rapid snow removal using lateral guidance assistance on highways and airport runways, and lateral guidance assistance for buses on busway segments. Through equipping vehicles and infrastructure for these applications, technologists gain important real-world lessons, and operators develop familiarity and confidence in the systems. This deployment approach will pave the way for subsequent on-highway applicaiions. This paper calls for greater emphasis on the productivity enhancements that can be gained through the use of AVCS technologies. Several application areas are offered as conceptual proof of these benefits.
Bishop, J. Richard, Panebianco, Nicholas
Fuzzy Logic Approach to Traction Control Design9609572/1/1996
This paper describes a fuzzy logic (FL) approach to the design, implementation, and tuning of an expert knowledge-based TCS for a four-wheel drive vehicle. Military and commercial mutual interests in TCS technology are highlighted as the underlying motivation for this government, industry, academia cooperative program. Coordinated parallel efforts to model the TCS equipped vehicle and to perform basic on-vehicle TCS experiments provided additional information to augment the knowledge obtained from a study of commercial TCSs and the tire traction literature. The general traction control problem is discussed along with the hardware considerations for a TCS. The design and integration of the resulting FL-based TCS are described along with a representative sample of the test results documenting the system's performance.
Cheok, Ka C., Hoogterp, Francis B., Fales, Walter K., Kobayashi, Kazuyuki, Scaccia, Sandro
CRC Customer Versus Rater Octane Number Requirement Program93267310/1/1993
A Coordinating Research Council, Inc. (CRC) cooperative program was conducted to determine the difference in octane requirements between technical raters and “customers.” The trained raters used the CRC E-15 procedure to determine the octane requirement of the vehicles while the customers' perception and objection to knock were determined through the use of a questionnaire. The results showed that the customers' objections and perceptions were overwhelmingly based on knock, rather than acceleration performance or after-run. The difference between the technical and customer octane requirement at the midpoint satisfaction level was 3.8 (R+M)/2 octane numbers using the population comparison and 4.1 (R+M)/2 octane numbers using the distribution of delta analysis. The statistical analysis of the database also showed that the differences between customer objection and perception levels were generally small (less than or equal to 1 (R+M)/2 octane number). Knock sensors were found to have significant effect on the difference between the technical and customer ratings; this effect may be due to a decrease in customer awareness when knock sensors were present. This study and the previous studies found the customer/rater deltas increase as the technical ratings increase.
Uihlein, J. P., Biller, W. F., Bonés, C. J., Bouffard, R. A., Evans, Beth, Siambekos, C. T., Wusz, T.
AUS-BAY QUENCHING OF 300M STEELAIR4498 (Historical)4/1/1993
The objective of this program is to compare the properties of aus-bay quenched 300M steel with the properties of 300M steel oil quenched in the conventional manner.
AMS AMEC Aerospace Metals and Engineering Committee
Overview of High Performance Aircraft Propulsion Research92198310/1/1992
This paper presents the overall scope of the NASA Lewis High Performance Aircraft Propulsion Research Program. High performance fighter aircraft of interest include supersonic fighters with such capabilities as short takeoff and vertical landing (STOVL) and/or high maneuverability. The NASA Lewis effort involving STOVL propulsion systems is focused primarily on component-level experimental and analytical research. The high- maneuverability portion of this effort, called the High Alpha Technology Program (HATP), is part of a cooperative program among NASA's Lewis, Langley, Ames, and Dryden facilities. The overall objective of the NASA Inlet Experiments portion of the HATP, which NASA Lewis leads, is to develop and enhance inlet technology that will ensure high performance and stability of the propulsion system during aircraft maneuvers at high angles of attack. To accomplish this objective, both wind-tunnel and flight experiments are used to obtain steady-state and dynamic data, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes are used for analyses. This overview of the High Performance Aircraft Propulsion Research Program includes a sampling of the results obtained thus far and plans for the future.
Biesiadny, Thomas J.
Advanced Power Generation Systems for More Electric Aircraft9121869/1/1991
This paper describes the technologies pursuant to more electric aircraft. The title “More Electric Aircraft” is an appropriate appellation to describe the inexorable trend towards the use of more electrics in future advanced military and commercial aircraft. This trend is sponsored and supported by the U.S. Air Force/WRDC, USN/NADC and NASA. Most recently, the Department of the Air Force issued a solicitation with the acronym MADMEL: Power Management and Distribution for More Electric Aircraft. This is a major multi-year program which includes a MADMEL ground demonstrator and flight testing of electric technologies that will replace the several multiple power sources now resident in current aircraft. The trend is not without justification since under the acronyms of AEA (All Electric Aircraft) and IDEA (Integrated Digital Electric Aircraft) studies completed by the Lockheed Aeronautical Systems Company (LASC) and Boeing revealed major weight and cost savings as well as significant improvements in logistics/maintenance support. NASA was the primary force behind these studies, and the programs were cost shared between NASA and the airframe companies.
Cronin, Michael J.
Extending Injector Life in Methanol-Fueled DDC Engines Through Engine Oil and Fuel Additives90222710/1/1990
Considerable development effort has shown that conventional diesel engine lubricating oil specifications do not define the needs for acceptable injector life in methanol-fueled, two-stroke cycle diesel engines. A cooperative program was undertaken to formulate an engine oil-fuel additive system which was aimed at improving performance with methanol fueling. The performance feature of greatest concern was injector tip plugging. A Taguchi matrix using a 100 hour engine test was designed around an engine oil formulation which had performed well in a 500 hour engine test using a simulated urban bus cycle. Parameters investigated included: detergent level and type, dispersant choice, and zinc dithiophosphate level. In addition, the influence of a supplemental fuel additive was assessed. Analysis of the Taguchi Matrix data shows the fuel additive to have the most dramatic beneficial influence on maintaining injector performance. The base engine oil formulation, which performed well in the 500 hour urban bus cycle, and is currently in use in several field locations, appears to be a good choice in terms of injector performance. While the matrix identified a different lubricant formulation as optimum, the expected improvement is expected to be small in comparison to the effect projected for the fuel additive.
Plastow, James E., Chamberlin, William B., Mozdzen, Edward C., Gordon, Curtis L.
Harmonization Of Standards in The Six Arab States Of The Gulf Cooperation Council8851609/1/1988
AL-Khalaf, Khaled Y.
The ETX-II Drive And Brake-By-Wire System8850849/1/1988
A microprocessor based vehicle control system has been developed as a part of an advanced electric vehicle propulsion system program called ETX-II. The control system provides state-of-the-art drive and brake-by-wire capabilities to help ensure the most safe, smooth and energy efficient operation of the powertrain possible. All driver demands are electronically interpreted, the only mechanical linkage between the driver and the powertrain being the parking pawl cable. The control strategy that has been developed provides torque and shift schedules and closed loop control of torque in response to driver actions. In addition, it has a built-in hierarchy of warning, power limit and complete shut-down type actions in response to an extensive list of possible faults. The control system is also designed to provide significant status and diagnostic information to the driver. The paper describes the control philosophy, strategy, and some of the hardware implementation details. Although developed for an electric powertrain, the simulation based approach used in the control system development is also applicable to IC engine based powertrains. The ETX-II propulsion system was developed under contract number DE-AC07-85NV10418, funded by the U.S. DOE and partially cost shared by the Ford Motor and General Electric Companies.
Patil, P. B., Burba, J. C., Reitz, G. A.
Dynamic Test Methodology for Aircraft Seat and Restraint Systems8710105/1/1987
The General Aviation Safety Panel began to develop its recommendations for enhanced crash tolerance for small general aviation aircraft in 1983. The recommendations were presented to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in 1984, and contained two dynamic tests intended to demonstrate the ability of the seat and restraint system to protect an occupant against injury in forward and combined forward and vertical impact conditions. The FAA Civil Aeromedical Institute (CAMI) has conducted a cooperative program with the Panel and industry since 1983 to develop the recommendations and then to demonstrate the practicality of meeting the goals of the recommendations. This paper presents test procedures developed in that program which are unique to the needs of the civil aviation applications.
Chandler, Richard F.
Fatigue Strength of Single Spot-Welded Joints of Rephosphorized High-Strength and Low-Carbon Steel Sheets8503712/1/1985
Fatigue strength of typical types of spot-welded joints made of high strength steel sheets was experimentally investigated, as a cooperative program of “Subcommittee on Strength of Spot-Welded Joint” of JSAE. The materials used were rephosphorized high-strength steel sheet (HSS) of 400 MPa class and low-carbon steel sheet (LCS); both were 0.8 mm, 1.2 mm and 1.6 mm thick. The types of loading were tensile-shear, cross-tension and plane bending. The results obtained are as follows; 1) The fatigue strengths of joints of HSS in tensile-shear and plane bending were higher than those of LCS, respectively. But, in cross-tension, the strength of joints of HSS was exceeded by that of LCS beyond 106 cycles. 2) The fatigue strengths of joints of different materials in cross-tension and plane bending were found lower than those of the same materials. 3) The strain range - cycles to fracture (Δε-N) diagrams for the joints of sheets of different steels and thicknesses were obtained. These data are available for the evaluation of the fatigue life of spot-welded joints.
Kitagawa, Hideo, Satoh, Tsugihiko, Fujimoto, Masao
Mobile Deformable Barrier for Lateral Collision Testing-A Contribution Toward a Harmonization of Future Side Impact Performance Requirements8408884/1/1984
European and American side impact research efforts are directed towards the realization of further increases in existing levels of passive safety. Because side impact accident experience here and abroad exhibits many similarities, Governments of the European Community and the USA should exhibit a willingness to work together and agree upon a common test procedure including a common test device and test parameters. By comparing 90° lateral impact test results with the Chevrolet Citation, the CCMC- and NHTSA barriers as striking vehicles and the Rabbit as the struck vehicle, Volkswagen demonstrates that the European CCMC deformable element mounted on the chassis of the NHTSA crabbed barrier constitutes a test device which is best suited as a basis of a common test procedure. The NHTSA deformable element is shown to be too stiff in 90° impacts.
Klaus, Günter, Sinnhuber, Ruprecht, Hoffmann, Günter
Cooperative Evaluation of Methods for the Analysis of PAH in Extracts from Diesel Particulate Emissions8404142/1/1984
Two cooperative programs to measure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in extracts from diesel particulate emissions were conducted by project groups of the Coordinating Research Council's Air Pollution Research Advisory Committee. The use of a uniform analysis method by all participating laboratories gave better precision than the use of different methods selected by each participant. Results from eight laboratories gave relative standard deviations for nine PAH which ranged from 15 to 34% using the uniform method. These results show that this method for PAH provides adequate precision for diesel fuel-and-vehicle studies as well as for health effects assessment.
Eisenberg, W. C., Schuetzle, D., Williams, R. L.
An F-18 Hornet Maintainability and Reliability Program83154010/3/1983
This paper describes a cooperative program for improved collection of maintainability information on Sundstrand products supplied for the F-18 Hornet. The maintainability and reliability data collected will provide information from product removal through depot overhaul/repair analysis and resultant verification of removal cause. The disassembly and analysis for removal cause will assist in determining if enhanced maintainability training, corrective action, or modification for the products is required.
DeVlieger, Maurice
FUEL AND VEHICLE EFFECTS ON LOW–TEMPERATURE OPERATION OF DIESEL VEHICLES – THE 1981 CRC FIELD TEST8305942/1/1983
A Coordinating Research Council (CRC) cooperative program utilizing seven North American diesel-powered vehicles (four passenger cars and three heavy-duty trucks) and eight fuels (three base fuels and five flow improver additive-treated versions of the base fuels) was run in Kapuskasing, Ontario, Canada, between January and April 1981. Minimum operating temperatures for each vehicle-fuel combination were determined and compared with predictions from laboratory tests. Significant differences among vehicles were found and related to fuel system design. The use of flow improvers permitted some vehicles with some fuels to operate substantially below the fuel cloud point. None of the laboratory tests predicted the performance of all fuels in all vehicles, but the LTFT (Low-Temperature Flow Test) and the WPI (Wax Precipitation Index), an empirical relationship combining cloud point and pour point, offered promise.
McMillan, M.L., Barry, E.G.
An Application of Redundancy in Digital Electronic Engine Control8012009/1/1980
A full authority, dual channel, fault tolerant digital electronic control system for aircraft gas turbine engines has been designed by the Bendix Energy Controls Division and flight-tested on the Boeing 747 research aircraft. These efforts were part of a cooperative program between Boeing Commercial Airplane Company, Pratt & Whitney Aircraft (Commercial Products Division), Bendix Energy Controls Division, and Hamilton Standard to demonstrate the improved capability of a totally Electronic Propulsion Control System (EPCS). Interest in fully electronic engine control systems was generated by their potential for low weight, high operational reliability, easy maintenance, and low life-cycle cost. The Bendix EPCS fulfills all these potentials.
Kniat, John, Bluish, Joseph A.
Hailstone Response of Body Panels - Real and Simulated7803982/1/1978
The dent resistance of aluminum and steel autobody panels has been studied under controlled laboratory conditions and by field observations and measurements of actual hailstone damage. Analysis of the results shows that very nearly the same response occurred in the lighter weight aluminum components as occurred in the steel panels. The autobody components were all 1977 model year production panels. Laboratory testing included four steel and four aluminum hoods, both painted and unpainted. The hailstone damaged components included a steel hood, aluminum doors and an aluminum fender. The aluminum and steel panels were damaged in the same hailstorm during May 1977. The analysis of denting resistance presented in this paper is based on insight and experience gained from a four-year cooperative program of Reynolds Research and several automobile companies. The results given here supplement previously published laboratory data and confirm the conclusion that lighter weight aluminum autobody panels can be designed to give at least comparable, if not better, dent resistance than conventionally used steel panels, and at a weight savings of 50 percent.
Niemeier, Bernard A., Burley, Carlton E.
Cooperative Evaluation of Techniques for Measuring Nitric Oxide and Carbon Monoxide (Phase IV Tests)7502042/1/1975
This is the fourth in a series of tests conducted as a Coordinating Research Council cooperative program to evaluate the measurement methods used to analyze diesel exhaust gas constituents. A multi-cylinder engine was circulated to 15 participants who measured emissions at three engine conditions. All 15 participants measured nitric oxide and carbon monoxide with several laboratories measuring nitric oxide by both NDIR (Non-Dispersive Infrared) and CHEMI (Chemiluminescence). Some participants also measured carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, oxygen, and unknown span gases. The test results are compared with the Phase III cooperative tests which involved simultaneous measurement of emissions by participants. The precision of the results was poorer in Phase IV than Phase III.
Perez, J. M., Broering, L. C., Johnson, John H.
Model Tests and Analysis of Prop-Rotor Dynamics for Tilt-Rotor AircraftSM_VSTOL_1972-349610/26/1972
This paper presents some results of wind tunnel tests and analytical studies of a Grumman aircraft design called HELICAT which features a prop rotor mounted in a tilting pod at each wing tip. The rotor incorporates an offset flapping hinge with positive (pitch reducing) delta-3. The test program was divided between evaluation of the Helicat prototype design and investigation of a "research" whirl flutter configuration. Most of this paper is devoted to the whirl flutter investigation. One case of blade flutter was encountered in the Helicat configuration; 83 cases of whirl flutter were obtained in the research configuration. Forward, backward, and bimodal whirl flutter were encountered. The parametric study of whirl flutter included variations in blade pitch-flap coupling, hinge offset, rotor pod pitch and yaw stiffness, and damping. Analytical correlation studies showed good agreement with the test data. Testing of this semi-span dynamically similar model was performed in the 16-foot Transonic Dynamics Tunnel at NASA, Langley, under a NASA/Grumman cooperative program during the period 3 February through 8 April 1971.
Baird, Eugene, Bauer, Elmer, Kohn, Jerome
Cooperative Evaluation of Techniques for Measuring Nitric Oxide and Carbon Monoxide - A Report of the Program Group on Diesel Exhaust Composition of the Air Pollution Advisory Committee of the Coordinating Research Council, Inc.7201042/1/1972
A Coordinating Research Council cooperative program was conducted to evaluate the measurement methods used to analyze nitric oxide and carbon monoxide in diesel exhaust. Initially, a single-cylinder test engine was circulated among participants with poor results. Tests were then conducted at one site using a multicylinder diesel engine. Six organizations participated in the program. Exhaust analyses were conducted at steady-state engine conditions and on a 3 min cycle test. Span gases of unknown concentration were also analyzed. The participants results varied but averaged less than ±5% standard deviation both within (repeatability) and among (reproducibility) the instruments. The short cycle test was in good agreement with the steady-state measurements. No significant difference in the use of Drierite, nonindicating Drierite, or Aquasorb desiccants was evident in sampling system tests. The instrumentation and methods used in this study were satisfactory for conducting emission measurements of diesel exhaust.
Perez, J. M., Broering, L. C., Johnson, John H.
Cost and Operational Problems of a Scheduled Helicopter Airline6802854/29/1968
Public acceptance and use of scheduled helicopter airlines have shown a dramatic increase over the past several years -- but airlines’ profit has not. This is due to extremely high costs, particularly passenger service and maintenance. This paper discusses possible economies in passenger service -- with use of computers -- and in maintenance -- cost sharing with manufacturers -- to equalize the profits of helicopter airlines with those of fixed-wing carriers.
MacDonald, Lloyd S.
Evaluation of Laboratory Viscometers for Predicting the Cranking Characteristics of Engine Oils at 0 F and −20 F - (Report of the Group on Relationship Between Oil Characteristics and Engine Cranking of the Motor Vehicle Fuel, Lubricant, and Equipment Research Committee of the Coordinating Research Council, Inc.)6800652/1/1968
A study of the correlation between engine cranking data and viscometric data at 0 F and -20 F has been made by the Coordinating Research Council. Two laboratory viscometers, the Cold-Cranking Simulator (CCS) and the Reciprocating Vijcometer (RV), have been found suitable for predicting the engine cranking performance of oils at 0 F and -20 F. Data from ASTM cooperative programs with these two instrument types agreed and both showed good correlation with data from CRC engine cranking programs conducted at 0 F and -20 F. The CCS had better repeatability than the RV at 0 F, but both viscometer types were equivalent in this respect at -20 F. Although the cone-plate viscometers gave the best correlation with engine cranking data at 0 F, they failed to provide the desired degree of precision in a second ASTM program at this same temperature; hence, no cooperative data were obtained at -20 F. The CCS and RV instruments, as the engines, showed that low-temperature viscosity should be determined at the temperature of interest and not inferred from measurement at some other temperature.
Meyer, W. A. P., Selby, T. W., Stringer, H. R.
Single-Cylinder Engine Fuel Research5900341/1/1959
THE AUTHOR outlines the research and development work on single-cylinder fuel research engines resulting from the industry cooperative program which grew out of the Cooperative Fuel Research Committee. The establishment of world standard methods of gasoline knock rating have resulted from this work. Six types of single-cyclinder laboratory engines produced for motor, aviation, and diesel research are described as well as instrumentation for indicating gasoline knock and diesel fuel ignition quality. The current problem of rating aromatic-type fuels in the range above 100 octane is explained as being an instrument characteristic which gives “knockless knock ratings” on certain fuels. A new electromechanical detonation indicator is described. This paper was the 1957 Horning Memorial Lecture.
Pope, A. W.
STEEL CARTRIDGE CASES4301401/1/1943
THE development of a practical method for producing steel cartridge cases became necessary when the critical shortage of copper made it imperative that the standard brass cases be replaced with ones made of steel. A group of manufacturers, including Buick, worked on the problem with the Ordnance Department, and a cartridge case committee was formed, consisting of representatives from both Ordnance and industry. Very successful results have accrued from this cooperative program, and, according to latest reports, steel cartridge cases in practically all calibers will soon be in volume production. This paper tells the story of how the process developed by the Buick engineers was accomplished, and describes the method in detail. The Buick process has been applied successfully to the manufacture of steel cases of the 75-mm size, which are now being produced in large quantities. Thirty-one major manufacturing operations are used in the production of these cases, the most interesting and unique ones being a series of four cold-drawing operations. These are carried out on a 750-ton double-acting press, where the cup is drawn from 6 in. to 15 in., and to the approximate form of the finished case, there being no substantial change in the diameter during the draw.
SCHENCK, R. B.
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